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آل عمران آيه 19

99-/1630 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ جَابِرٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ: شَهِدَ اللّٰهُ أَنَّهُ لاٰ إِلٰهَ إِلاّٰ هُوَ وَ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ وَ أُولُوا الْعِلْمِ قٰائِماً بِالْقِسْطِ لاٰ إِلٰهَ إِلاّٰ هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ .

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):« شَهِدَ اللّٰهُ أَنَّهُ لاٰ إِلٰهَ إِلاّٰ هُوَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَشْهَدُ بِهَا لِنَفْسِهِ،وَ هُوَ كَمَا قَالَ.

فَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: وَ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ فَإِنَّهُ أَكْرَمَ الْمَلاَئِكَةَ بِالتَّسْلِيمِ لِرَبِّهِمْ،وَ صَدَّقُوا وَ شَهِدُوا كَمَا شَهِدَ لِنَفْسِهِ.وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ:

وَ أُولُوا الْعِلْمِ قٰائِماً بِالْقِسْطِ فَإِنَّ اولِي الْعِلْمِ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ وَ الْأَوْصِيَاءُ،وَ هُمْ قُيَّامٌ بِالْقِسْطِ،وَ الْقِسْطُ:اَلْعَدْلُ فِي الظَّاهِرِ، وَ الْعَدْلُ فِي الْبَاطِنِ:أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».

99-/1630 - Al-‘Ayyashi: From Jabir, who said: I asked Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) about this verse: “Allah bears witness that there is no god but He, and the angels and those possessed of knowledge, maintaining His creation with justice; there is no god but He, the Mighty, the Wise” (Quran 3:18). Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: “Allah bears witness that there is no god but He—for surely Allah, blessed and exalted, bears witness to this for Himself, and it is as He said. As for His saying, ‘and the angels,’ He honored the angels for their submission to their Lord, and they affirmed and bore witness just as He bore witness for Himself. And as for His saying, ‘and those endowed with knowledge, standing with justice,’ indeed those endowed with knowledge are the prophets and the legatees, and they stand with justice. Al-qist is justice outwardly, and the justice inwardly is the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him).”

99-/1631 _3- عَنْ مَرْزُبَانَ الْقُمِّيِّ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: شَهِدَ اللّٰهُ أَنَّهُ لاٰ إِلٰهَ إِلاّٰ هُوَ وَ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ وَ أُولُوا الْعِلْمِ قٰائِماً بِالْقِسْطِ قَالَ:«هُوَ الْإِمَامُ».

99-/1631 - From Marzubān al-Qummī, who said: I asked Abū al-Hasan (peace be upon him) about Allah’s saying: “Allah bears witness that there is no god but He, and the angels and those possessed of knowledge, maintaining His creation with justice” (Quran 3:18). He said: “It is the Imam.”

99-/1632 _4- عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ،رَفَعَهُ إِلَى سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ،قَالَ: كَانَ عَلَى الْكَعْبَةِ ثَلاَثُ مِائَةٍ وَ سِتُّونَ صَنَماً،لِكُلِّ حَيٍّ مِنْ أَحْيَاءِ الْعَرَبِ الْوَاحِدُ وَ الاِثْنَانِ،فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ: شَهِدَ اللّٰهُ أَنَّهُ لاٰ إِلٰهَ إِلاّٰ هُوَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ اَلْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ خَرَّتِ الْأَصْنَامُ فِي الْكَعْبَةِ سُجَّداً.

99-/1632 - From Isma‘il, who raised it to Sa‘īd ibn Jubayr: He said: There were three hundred and sixty idols upon the Ka‘ba, one or two for each tribe of the Arabs. When this verse was revealed—“Allah bears witness that there is no god but He … the Mighty, the Wise” (Quran 3:18)—the idols in the Ka‘ba fell down in prostration.

99-/1633 _5- سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقُمِّيُّ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ،عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ وَ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ الْبَجَلِيِّ،عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عَطَاءٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: «نَحْنُ أُولُو الذِّكْرِ، وَ نَحْنُ أُولُو الْعِلْمِ،وَ عِنْدَنَا الْحَرَامُ وَ الْحَلاَلُ».

99-/1633 - Sa‘d ibn ‘Abd Allāh al-Qummī: From Muhammad ibn ‘Īsā ibn ‘Ubayd, from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd and Ja‘far ibn Bashīr al-Bajalī, from Hārūn ibn Khārija, from ‘Abd al-Malik ibn ‘Atā’, who said: I heard Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) say: “We are the People of the Reminder, and we are the People of Knowledge, and with us are [the knowledge of] the forbidden and the lawful.”

قوله تعالى:

إِنَّ الدِّينَ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ الْإِسْلاٰمُ[19]

(Quran 3:19) Shakir: Surely the true religion with Allah is Islam, and those to whom the Book had been given did not differ except after knowledge had come to them, out of envy among themselves; and whoever disbelieves in the communications of Allah then surely Allah is quick in reckoning.

99-/1634 _6- رَوَى الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: إِنَّ الدِّينَ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ الْإِسْلاٰمُ فَقَالَ:«الَّذِي فِيهِ الْإِيمَانُ».

99-/1634 - Al-‘Ayyashi narrated: From Muhammad ibn Muslim, who said: I asked him about His saying, exalted is He: “Surely the religion with Allah is Islam” (Quran 3:19). He said: “That in which there is faith.”

99-/1635 _7- عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: « إِنَّ الدِّينَ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ الْإِسْلاٰمُ -قَالَ-يَعْنِي الدِّينَ فِيهِ الْإِيمَانُ [1]».

99-/1635 - From Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “‘Surely the religion with Allah is Islam’—that is, the religion within it is faith [1].”

99-/1636 _3- ابْنُ شَهْرَآشُوبَ:عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: إِنَّ الدِّينَ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ الْإِسْلاٰمُ .قَالَ:

«التَّسْلِيمُ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بِالْوَلاَيَةِ».

99-/1636 - Ibn Shahrāshūb: From al-Bāqir (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, exalted is He: “Surely the religion with Allah is Islam” (Quran 3:19). He said: “It is submission to ‘Alī ibn Abī Tālib (peace be upon him) in [accepting] the wilayah.”

99-/1637 _4- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ،عَنْ حُمْرَانَ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَضَّلَ الْإِيمَانَ عَلَى الْإِسْلاَمِ بِدَرَجَةٍ،كَمَا فَضَّلَ الْكَعْبَةَ عَلَى الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ بِدَرَجَةٍ».

99-/1637 - ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm said: My father narrated to me, from al-Hasan ibn Mahbūb, from ‘Alī ibn Ri’āb, from Humrān ibn A‘yān, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “Allah has preferred faith (īmān) over Islam by one degree, just as He has preferred the Ka‘ba over the Sacred Mosque by one degree.”

99-/1638 _5- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:وَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْبَغْدَادِيُّ،رَفَعَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «لَأَنْسُبَنَّ الْإِسْلاَمَ نِسْبَةً لَمْ يَنْسُبْهَا أَحَدٌ قَبْلِي،وَ لاَ يَنْسُبُهَا أَحَدٌ بَعْدِي،الْإِسْلاَمُ هُوَ التَّسْلِيمُ،وَ التَّسْلِيمُ هُوَ الْيَقِينُ، وَ الْيَقِينُ هُوَ التَّصْدِيقُ،وَ التَّصْدِيقُ هُوَ الْإِقْرَارُ،وَ الْإِقْرَارُ هُوَ الْأَدَاءُ،وَ الْأَدَاءُ هُوَ الْعَمَلُ،وَ الْمُؤْمِنُ مَنْ أَخَذَ دِينَهُ عَنْ رَبِّهِ، إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ يُعْرَفُ إِيمَانُهُ فِي عَمَلِهِ،وَ إِنَّ الْكَافِرَ يُعْرَفُ كُفْرُهُ بِإِنْكَارِهِ،يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ دِينَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ،فَإِنَّ السَّيِّئَةَ فِيهِ خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْحَسَنَةِ فِي غَيْرِهِ،إِنَّ السَّيِّئَةَ فِيهِ تُغْفَرُ،وَ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَةَ فِي غَيْرِهِ لاَ تُقْبَلُ».

99-/1638 - And from him, he said: Muhammad ibn Yahyā al-Baghdādī narrated to me, who raised the report to the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), that he said: “I shall define Islam with a definition that no one before me has defined it with, nor will anyone after me. Islam is submission; submission is certainty; certainty is affirmation; affirmation is acknowledgment; acknowledgment is performance; and performance is action. The believer is the one who takes his religion from his Lord. Indeed, the believer’s faith is known by his deeds, and the disbeliever’s disbelief is known by his denial. O people, your religion, your religion! For an evil deed within it is better than a good deed in other than it; an evil deed within it is forgiven, while a good deed in other than it is not accepted.”

قوله تعالى:

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَكْفُرُونَ بِآيٰاتِ اللّٰهِ وَ يَقْتُلُونَ النَّبِيِّينَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ وَ يَقْتُلُونَ الَّذِينَ يَأْمُرُونَ بِالْقِسْطِ مِنَ النّٰاسِ فَبَشِّرْهُمْ بِعَذٰابٍ أَلِيمٍ[21]

(Quran 3:21) Shakir: Surely those who disbelieve in the communications of Allah and slay the prophets unjustly and slay those among men who bid to justice, announce to them a painful chastisement.

99-/1639 _1- سُلَيْمُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ الْهِلاَلِيُّ:عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)-فِي حَدِيثٍ لَهُ مَعَ مُعَاوِيَةَ-قَالَ لَهُ: «يَا مُعَاوِيَةُ،إِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ اخْتَارَ اللَّهُ لَنَا الْآخِرَةَ عَلَى الدُّنْيَا،وَ لَمْ يَرْضَ لَنَا بِالدُّنْيَا ثَوَاباً.يَا مُعَاوِيَةُ،إِنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ زَكَرِيَّا قَدْ نُشِرَ بِالْمَنَاشِيرِ،وَ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا قَتَلَهُ [1] قَوْمُهُ وَ هُوَ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ[وَ ذَلِكَ لِهَوَانِ الدُّنْيَا عَلَى اللَّهِ].إِنَّ أَوْلِيَاءَ الشَّيْطَانِ قَدْ حَارَبُوا أَوْلِيَاءَ الرَّحْمَنِ،وَ قَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ: إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَكْفُرُونَ بِآيٰاتِ اللّٰهِ وَ يَقْتُلُونَ النَّبِيِّينَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ وَ يَقْتُلُونَ الَّذِينَ يَأْمُرُونَ بِالْقِسْطِ مِنَ النّٰاسِ فَبَشِّرْهُمْ بِعَذٰابٍ أَلِيمٍ ».

99-/1639 - Sulaym ibn Qays al-Hilālī: From the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him)—in a discourse he had with Mu‘āwiya—he said to him: “O Mu‘āwiya, we are a Household for whom Allah has chosen the Hereafter over this world, and He has not been pleased to make this world a reward for us. O Mu‘āwiya, the Prophet of Allah, Zakariyyā, was sawn apart with saws, and Yahyā ibn Zakariyyā was killed [1] by his people while he was calling them to Allah, Mighty and Majestic [and that is due to the lowliness of this world with Allah]. Verily, the allies of Satan have waged war against the allies of the All-Merciful, and Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has said in His Book: ‘Surely those who disbelieve in the communications of Allah and slay the prophets unjustly and slay those among men who bid to justice, announce to them a painful chastisement’” (Quran 3:21).

99-/1640 _2- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ:رَوَى أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،أَيُّ النَّاسِ أَشَدُّ عَذَاباً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ؟

99-/1640 - Abū ‘Alī al-Tabrisī: He narrated from Abū ‘Ubayda ibn al-Jarrāḥ, who said: I said, “O Messenger of Allah, which people will have the most severe punishment on the Day of Resurrection?”

المراجع:

_2) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:18/165.

_2) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:18/165.

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:19/166.

_3) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:19/166.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:20/166.

_4) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:20/166.

_5) -مختصر بصائر الدرجات:67.

_5) -Mukhtasar Baṣā’ir al-Darajāt: 67.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:21/166.

_6) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:21/166.

_7) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:22/166.

_7) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:22/166.

[1] في«ط»:الإمام.

[1] fī “T”: al-imām.

_3) -المناقب 3:95.

_3) -al-Manāqib 3:95.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:99.

_4) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:99.

_5) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:99.

_5) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:99.

_1) -كتاب سليم بن قيس:158.

_1) -Kitāb Sulaym ibn Qays: 158.

_2) -مجمع البيان 2:720.

_2) -Majma‘ al-Bayān 2:720.

[1] في المصدر:و يحيى ذبح و قتله.

[1] fī al-maṣdar: wa Yaḥyā dhubiḥa wa qatalahu.