S 3 A 123

آل عمران آيه 123

قوله تعالى:

وَ لَقَدْ نَصَرَكُمُ اللّٰهُ بِبَدْرٍ وَ أَنْتُمْ أَذِلَّةٌ [آل عمران 3:123]

And certainly Allah did assist you at Badr when you were weak; so be careful of (your duty to) Allah that you may give thanks. (M. H. Shakir)

99-/1896 _1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «مَا كَانُوا أَذِلَّةً وَ فِيهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)، وَ إِنَّمَا نَزَلَ: وَ لَقَدْ نَصَرَكُمُ اللَّهُ بِبَدْرٍ وَ أَنْتُمْ ضُعَفَاءُ». وَ رَوَى نَحْوَ ذَلِكَ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ فِي (مَجْمَعِ الْبَيَانِ) عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) [1].

Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) said: “They were not abject while the Messenger of Allah (blessings of Allah be upon him and his family) was among them. Rather, what was sent down is: ‘And Allah certainly aided you at Badr while you were weak (du‘afā’).’” And al-Tabrisi narrated something similar in Majma‘ al-Bayan from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) [1].

99-/1897 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، قَالَ: قَرَأْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): وَ لَقَدْ نَصَرَكُمُ اللّٰهُ بِبَدْرٍ وَ أَنْتُمْ أَذِلَّةٌ. فَقَالَ: «مَهْ، لَيْسَ هَكَذَا أَنْزَلَهَا اللَّهُ، إِنَّمَا أُنْزِلَتْ: وَ أَنْتُمْ قَلِيلٌ».

Al-‘Ayyashi: From Abu Basir who said: I recited before Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): “And Allah indeed helped you at Badr while you were abject.” He said: “Hush! Allah did not send it down like that; it was sent down as: ‘while you were few (qalīl).’”

99-/1898 _3- عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) قَالَ: سَأَلَهُ أَبِي عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ: وَ لَقَدْ نَصَرَكُمُ اللّٰهُ بِبَدْرٍ وَ أَنْتُمْ أَذِلَّةٌ. قَالَ: «لَيْسَ هَكَذَا أَنْزَلَهُ اللَّهُ، مَا أَذَلَّ اللَّهُ رَسُولَهُ قَطُّ، إِنَّمَا أُنْزِلَتْ: وَ أَنْتُمْ قَلِيلٌ». عِيسَى، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ مِثْلَهُ.

From ‘Abdullah b. Sinan, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): My father asked him about this verse: “And Allah did assist you at Badr while you were abject.” He said: “Allah did not send it down like that; Allah has never made His Messenger abject. It was sent down as: ‘while you were few (qalīl).’” ‘Isa, from Safwan, from Ibn Sinan, with the like of it.

99-/1899 _4- عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ حَرِيزٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، أَنَّهُ قَرَأَ: «لَقَدْ نَصَرَكُمُ اللَّهُ بِبَدْرٍ وَ أَنْتُمْ ضُعَفَاءُ، وَ مَا كَانُوا أَذِلَّةً وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) فِيهِمْ».

From Rib‘i b. Harith, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), that he read: “Indeed Allah helped you at Badr while you were weak (du‘afā’), and they were not abject while the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) was among them.”

99-/1900 _5- الْقِصَّةَ: عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: وَ كَانَ سَبَبُ غَزْوَةِ أُحُدٍ أَنَّ قُرَيْشاً لَمَّا رَجَعَتْ مِنْ بَدْرٍ إِلَى مَكَّةَ، وَ قَدْ أَصَابَهُمْ مَا أَصَابَهُمْ مِنَ الْقَتْلِ وَ الْأَسْرِ لِأَنَّهُ قُتِلَ مِنْهُمْ سَبْعُونَ وَ أُسِرَ مِنْهُمْ سَبْعُونَ، فَلَمَّا رَجَعُوا إِلَى مَكَّةَ، قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ: يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ، لاَ تَدَعُوا نِسَاءَكُمْ يَبْكِينَ عَلَى قَتْلاَكُمْ، فَإِنَّ الْبُكَاءَ وَ الدَّمْعَةَ إِذَا خَرَجَتْ أَذْهَبَتِ الْحُزْنَ وَ الْحُرْقَةَ [2] وَ الْعَدَاوَةَ لِمُحَمَّدٍ، وَ يَشْمَتُ بِنَا مُحَمَّدٌ وَ أَصْحَابُهُ. فَلَمَّا غَزَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ أَذِنُوا لِنِسَائِهِمْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فِي الْبُكَاءِ وَ النَّوْحِ. فَلَمَّا أَرَادُوا أَنْ يَغْزُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) إِلَى أُحُدٍ سَارُوا فِي حُلَفَائِهِمْ مِنْ كِنَانَةَ وَ غَيْرِهَا، فَجَمَعُوا الْجُمُوعَ وَ السِّلاَحَ وَ خَرَجُوا مِنْ مَكَّةَ فِي ثَلاَثَةِ آلاَفِ فَارِسٍ وَ أَلْفَيْ رَاجِلٍ، وَ أَخْرَجُوا مَعَهُمُ النِّسَاءَ يُذَكِّرْنَهُمْ وَ يَحْثُثْنَهُمْ عَلَى حَرْبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)، وَ أَخْرَجَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ هِنْدَ بِنْتَ عُتْبَةَ، وَ خَرَجَتْ مَعَهُمْ عُمْرَةُ بِنْتُ عَلْقَمَةَ الْحَارِثِيَّةِ. فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) ذَلِكَ جَمَعَ أَصْحَابَهُ وَ أَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ قُرَيْشاً قَدْ تَجَمَّعَتْ تُرِيدُ الْمَدِينَةَ، وَ حَثَّ أَصْحَابَهُ عَلَى الْجِهَادِ وَ الْخُرُوجِ، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ وَ قَوْمُهُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، لاَ تَخْرُجْ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ حَتَّى نُقَاتِلَ فِي أَزِقَّتِهَا، فَيُقَاتِلَ الرَّجُلُ الضَّعِيفُ وَ الْمَرْأَةُ وَ الْعَبْدُ وَ الْأَمَةُ عَلَى أَفْوَاهِ السِّكَكِ وَ عَلَى السُّطُوحِ، فَمَا أَرَادَنَا قَوْمٌ قَطُّ فَظَفِرُوا بِنَا وَ نَحْنُ فِي حُصُونِنَا وَ دُورِنَا، وَ مَا خَرَجْنَا إِلَى أَعْدَائِنَا قَطُّ إِلاَّ كَانَ لَهُمُ الظَّفَرُ عَلَيْنَا. فَقَامَ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ) وَ غَيْرُهُ مِنَ الْأَوْسِ، فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، مَا طَمِعَ فِينَا أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ وَ نَحْنُ مُشْرِكُونَ نَعْبُدُ الْأَصْنَامَ، فَكَيْفَ يَطْمَعُونَ فِينَا وَ أَنْتَ فِينَا؟! لاَ، حَتَّى نَخْرُجَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَنُقَاتِلَهُمْ، فَمَنْ قُتِلَ مِنَّا كَانَ شَهِيداً، وَ مَنْ نَجَا مِنَّا كَانَ قَدْ جَاهَدَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ. فَقَبِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) قَوْلَهُ، وَ خَرَجَ مَعَ نَفَرٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ يَبْتَغُونَ مَوْضِعاً لِلْقِتَالِ [1]، كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ، وَ إِذْ غَدَوْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِكَ تُبَوِّئُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَقٰاعِدَ لِلْقِتٰالِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: إِذْ هَمَّتْ طٰائِفَتٰانِ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ تَفْشَلاٰ [2] يَعْنِي عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أُبَيٍّ وَ أَصْحَابَهُ، فَضَرَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) مُعَسْكَرَهُ مِمَّا يَلِي طَرِيقَ الْعِرَاقِ، وَ قَعَدَ عَنْهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ وَ قَوْمُهُ وَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ الْخَزْرَجِ اتَّبَعُوا رَأْيَهُ، وَ وَافَتْ قُرَيْشٌ إِلَى أُحُدٍ، وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) عَدَّ أَصْحَابَهُ، وَ كَانُوا سَبْعَمِائَةِ رَجُلٍ، فَوَضَعَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ فِي خَمْسِينَ مِنَ الرُّمَاةِ عَلَى بَابِ الشِّعْبِ وَ أَشْفَقَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ كَمِينُهُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَكَانِ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ وَ أَصْحَابِهِ: «إِنْ رَأَيْتُمُونَا قَدْ هَزَمْنَاهُمْ حَتَّى أَدْخَلْنَاهُمْ مَكَّةَ فَلاَ تَخْرُجُوا مِنْ هَذَا الْمَكَانِ، وَ إِنْ رَأَيْتُمُوهُمْ قَدْ هَزَمُونَا حَتَّى أَدْخَلُونَا الْمَدِينَةَ فَلاَ تَبْرَحُوا، وَ الْزَمُوا مَرَاكِزَكُمْ». وَ وَضَعَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ فِي مِائَتَيْ فَارِسٍ كَمِيناً، وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ: إِذَا رَأَيْتُمُونَا قَدِ اخْتَلَطْنَا بِهِمْ فَاخْرُجُوا عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ هَذَا الشِّعْبِ حَتَّى تَكُونُوا مِنْ وَرَائِهِمْ. فَلَمَّا أَقْبَلَتِ الْخَيْلُ وَ اصْطَفُّوا، وَ عَبَّأَ [3] رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) أَصْحَابَهُ، وَ دَفَعَ الرَّايَةَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فَحَمَلَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ عَلَى مُشْرِكِي قُرَيْشٍ فَانْهَزَمُوا هَزِيمَةً قَبِيحَةً، وَ وَقَعَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) فِي سَوَادِهِمْ، وَ انْحَطَّ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فِي مِائَتَيْ فَارِسٍ، فَلَقِيَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ، فَاسْتَقْبَلُوهُمْ بِالسِّهَامِ فَرَجَعُوا، وَ نَظَرَ أَصْحَابُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ إِلَى أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) يَنْهَبُونَ سَوَادَ الْقَوْمِ، فَقَالُوا لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ: تُقِيمُنَا هَاهُنَا وَ قَدْ غَنِمَ أَصْحَابُنَا وَ نَبْقَى نَحْنُ بِلاَ غَنِيمَةٍ! فَقَالَ لَهُمْ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ: اِتَّقُوا اللَّهَ، فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) قَدْ تَقَدَّمَ إِلَيْنَا أَنْ لاَ نَبْرَحَ، فَلَمْ يَقْبَلُوا مِنْهُ، وَ أَقْبَلَ يَنْسَلُّ رَجُلٌ فَرَجُلٌ حَتَّى أَخْلَوْا مَرَاكِزَهُمْ، وَ بَقِيَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ فِي اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ رَجُلاً، وَ قَدْ كَانَتْ رَايَةُ قُرَيْشٍ مَعَ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ الْعَدَوِيِّ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الدَّارِ، فَبَرَزَ وَ نَادَى: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، تَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّكُمْ تُجَهِّزُونَّا بِأَسْيَافِكُمْ إِلَى النَّارِ، وَ نُجَهِّزُكُمْ بِأَسْيَافِنَا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ، فَمَنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَلْحَقَ بِجَنَّتِهِ فَلْيَبْرُزْ إِلَيَّ. فَبَرَزَ إِلَيْهِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ:

يَا طَلْحُ إِنْ كُنْتَ كَمَا تَقُولُ

لَكُمْ خُيُولٌ وَ لَنَا نُصُولٌ [4]

فَاثْبُتْ لِنَنْظُرَ أَيُّنَا الْمَقْتُولُ

وَ أَيُّنَا أَوْلَى بِمَا تَقُولُ

فَقَدْ أَتَاكَ الْأَسَدُ الصَّئُولُ [1]

بِصَارِمٍ لَيْسَ بِهِ فُلُولٌ [2]

يَنْصُرُهُ الْقَاهِرُ وَ الرَّسُولُ

ثم قال طلحة: مَنْ أَنْتَ، يَا غُلاَمُ؟ قال: «أَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ». قال: قد علمتُ—يا قَضِيمُ [3]—أن لا يجسر عليّ أحد غيرك. فشدَّ عليه طلحةُ فضربه، فاتَّقاه أميرُ المؤمنين(عليه السلام) بالجَحَفَةِ [4]، ثم ضربه أميرُ المؤمنين(عليه السلام) على فخذيه فقطعهما جميعاً، فسقط على ظهره وسقطت الراية، فذهب عليٌّ(عليه السلام) ليُجهِز عليه فحلّفه بالرحم فانصرف عنه. فقال المسلمون: ألا أجهزتَ عليه! قال(عليه السلام): «قد ضربتُه ضربةً لا يعيش منها أبداً». ثم أخذ الراية أبو سعيد بن أبي طلحة، فقتله عليٌّ(عليه السلام) وسقطت رايته إلى الأرض، فأخذها عثمان بن أبي طلحة، فقتله عليٌّ(عليه السلام) وسقطت الراية إلى الأرض، فأخذها مُسافع بن أبي طلحة، فقتله عليٌّ(عليه السلام) وسقطت الراية إلى الأرض، فأخذها الحارث بن أبي طلحة، فقتله عليٌّ(عليه السلام) وسقطت الراية إلى الأرض، فأخذها أبو عَزِيز [5] بن عثمان، فقتله عليٌّ(عليه السلام) وسقطت الراية إلى الأرض، فأخذها عبدُ الله بنُ جَميلةَ بنِ زُهير، فقتله عليٌّ(عليه السلام) وسقطت الراية إلى الأرض. فقتل أميرُ المؤمنين(عليه السلام) التاسعَ من بني عبد الدار وهو أرطاةُ بنُ شُرحبيل مبارزةً، فسقطت الراية إلى الأرض، فأخذها مولاهم صُؤاب، فضربه أميرُ المؤمنين(عليه السلام) على يمينه فقطعها، وسقطت الراية إلى الأرض، فأخذها بشماله، فضربه أميرُ المؤمنين(عليه السلام) على شماله فقطعها، وسقطت الراية إلى الأرض، فاحتضنها بيديه المقطوعتين، ثم قال: يا بني عبد الدار، هل أعذرتُ فيما بيني وبينكم؟ فضربه أميرُ المؤمنين(عليه السلام) على رأسه فقتله، وسقطت الراية إلى الأرض، فأخذتها عمرةُ بنتُ عَلقمةَ الحارثيةُ، فقبضتها. وانحطَّ خالدُ بنُ الوليد على عبد الله بن جُبير وقد فرَّ أصحابُه وبقي في نفرٍ قليل، فقتلوهم على باب الشعب، فاستعقبوا المسلمين [6] فوضعوا فيهم السيف، ونظرت قريشٌ في هزيمتها إلى الراية قد رُفعت فلوذوا بها، وأقبل خالدُ بنُ الوليد على أصحاب رسول الله(ص) يقتلهم، فانهزم أصحاب رسول الله هزيمةً قبيحةً، وأقبلوا يصعدون في الجبال وفي كل وجه، فلما رأى رسول الله(ص) الهزيمة كشف البَيضةَ عن رأسه وقال: «إني أنا رسولُ الله، إلى أين تفرّون عن الله وعن رسوله؟».

Translation: The account: ‘Ali b. Ibrahim said: The cause of the Battle of Uhud was that when Quraysh returned to Mecca from Badr, having suffered what they suffered of killing and capture—seventy of them were killed and seventy taken prisoner—upon their return to Mecca, Abu Sufyan said: “O assembly of Quraysh, do not let your women weep over your slain, for when crying and tears flow, they remove sorrow, burning grief [2], and enmity toward Muhammad, and Muhammad and his companions will gloat over us.” So when they marched against the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) on the day of Uhud, they afterward permitted their women to weep and wail. When they wished to march against the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) to Uhud, they moved out with their allies from Kinanah and others, gathered troops and weapons, and set out from Mecca with three thousand cavalry and two thousand infantry, and they brought the women with them to remind and urge them to fight the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family). Abu Sufyan brought Hind bint ‘Utbah, and ‘Amrah bint ‘Alqamah al-Harithiyyah also came with them. When this reached the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family), he gathered his companions and informed them that Allah had told him that Quraysh had assembled intending Medina, and he urged his companions to strive and go out. ‘Abdullah b. Ubayy and his people said: “O Messenger of Allah, do not leave Medina; let us fight in its alleys, so the weak man, the woman, the male and female slave fight at the mouths of the lanes and from the rooftops. No people have ever intended us and prevailed over us while we were in our fortresses and houses, and whenever we have gone out to our enemies, they were given victory over us.” Sa‘d b. Mu‘adh (may Allah have mercy on him) and others from the Aws stood up and said: “O Messenger of Allah, no Arab ever hoped to overpower us when we were idolaters worshiping idols; how then should they hope to overpower us while you are among us? No—let us go out to them and fight them. Whoever among us is killed is a martyr, and whoever survives has striven in Allah’s way.” The Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) accepted what they said and went out with a group of his companions seeking a place for the battle [1], as Allah said: “And when you went forth early from your family to lodge the believers in encampments for war … until His saying: when two parties from among you had almost lost heart” [2], meaning ‘Abdullah b. Ubayy and his companions. The Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) set up his camp toward the road to ‘Iraq. ‘Abdullah b. Ubayy and his people stayed back from him, and a group from the Khazraj followed his opinion. Quraysh arrived at Uhud. The Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) counted his companions and they were seven hundred men. He stationed ‘Abdullah b. Jubayr with fifty archers at the mouth of the mountain pass, fearing their ambush might come from that point. The Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) said to ‘Abdullah b. Jubayr and his men: “If you see us routing them until we drive them into Mecca, do not leave this place; and if you see them routing us until they push us back into Medina, do not budge—hold your positions.” Abu Sufyan placed Khalid b. al-Walid with two hundred horsemen in ambush and said to them: “When you see us engaged with them, come out at them from this pass so that you are behind them.” When the cavalry approached and drew up, and the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) arranged [3] his companions and handed the banner to the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), the Ansar charged the idolaters of Quraysh, who fled in an ugly rout. The companions of the Messenger of Allah fell upon their camp. Khalid b. al-Walid swooped down with two hundred horsemen and met ‘Abdullah b. Jubayr; they were met with arrows and turned back. The men with ‘Abdullah b. Jubayr then saw the companions of the Messenger of Allah plundering the enemy camp and said to ‘Abdullah b. Jubayr: “Will you keep us here while our companions have taken booty, and we remain without any!” He said: “Fear Allah, for the Messenger of Allah has commanded us not to move.” They did not accept it, and they began to slip away one by one until they abandoned their posts, leaving ‘Abdullah b. Jubayr with twelve men. The banner of Quraysh had been with Talhah b. Abi Talhah al-‘Adawi of Banu ‘Abd al-Dar; he stepped forward and called out: “O Muhammad, you claim you will dispatch us by your swords to the Fire while we will dispatch you by our swords to Paradise; whoever wishes to reach his Paradise, let him come out to me.” The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) came out to him, saying:

“O Talh, if you are as you claim,

You have horses, and we have blades [4],

Stand firm so we may see which of us is slain,

And which of us is more entitled to what you claim.

The charging lion [1] has come upon you

With a keen blade with no nicks [2],

Aided by the Subduer and the Messenger.”

Talhah said: “Who are you, O youth?” He said: “I am ‘Ali b. Abi Talib.” He said: “I knew, O Qadīm [3], that none but you would dare face me.” Talhah rushed and struck him; the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) warded it off with the hide-shield [4], then he struck Talhah on the thighs and severed them both; he fell on his back and the banner dropped. ‘Ali (peace be upon him) went to finish him, but Talhah adjured him by kinship, so he turned away. The Muslims said: “Why did you not finish him?” He said: “I have struck him a blow from which he will never live.” Then Abu Sa‘id b. Abi Talhah took the banner; ‘Ali killed him and the banner fell to the ground. Then ‘Uthman b. Abi Talhah took it; ‘Ali killed him and it fell. Then Musafi‘ b. Abi Talhah took it; ‘Ali killed him and it fell. Then al-Harith b. Abi Talhah took it; ‘Ali killed him and it fell. Then Abu ‘Aziz [5] b. ‘Uthman took it; ‘Ali killed him and it fell. Then ‘Abdullah b. Jamilah b. Zuhayr took it; ‘Ali killed him and it fell. The Commander of the Faithful then killed the ninth from Banu ‘Abd al-Dar—Arta’ah b. Shurahbil—in single combat; the banner fell to the ground. Their freedman Su’ab took it; ‘Ali struck his right hand and cut it off, and it fell. He took it with his left; ‘Ali struck and cut it off, and it fell. He then hugged it with his two severed arms and said: “O Banu ‘Abd al-Dar, have I excused myself between me and you?” ‘Ali struck his head and killed him, and the banner fell. ‘Amrah bint ‘Alqamah al-Harithiyyah took it and held it. Khalid b. al-Walid swooped down upon ‘Abdullah b. Jubayr; his companions had fled, and he remained with a few men; they killed them at the mouth of the pass and then fell upon the Muslims [6], putting the sword to them. Quraysh, in their flight, saw the banner raised and rallied to it. Khalid b. al-Walid attacked the companions of the Messenger of Allah and killed them. The companions of the Messenger of Allah were routed badly, climbing the mountains and fleeing in every direction. When the Messenger of Allah saw the rout, he lifted the helmet from his head and said: “I am the Messenger of Allah! Where do you flee from Allah and His Messenger?”

99-/1901 _6- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ مَعْنَى قَوْلِ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ لَمَّا بَارَزَهُ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): يَا قَضِيمُ. قَالَ: «إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) كَانَ بِمَكَّةَ لَمْ يَجْسُرْ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدٌ لِمَوْضِعِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَأَغْرَوْا بِهِ الصِّبْيَانَ، وَ كَانُوا إِذَا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) يَرْمُونَهُ بِالْحِجَارَةِ وَ التُّرَابِ، فَشَكَا ذَلِكَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فَقَالَ: بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِذَا خَرَجْتَ فَأَخْرِجْنِي مَعَكَ. فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) وَ مَعَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فَتَعَرَّضَ الصِّبْيَانُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) كَعَادَتِهِمْ، فَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ)، وَ كَانَ يَقْضَمُهُمْ فِي وُجُوهِهِمْ وَ آنَافِهِمْ وَ آذَانِهِمْ، فَكَانَ الصِّبْيَانُ يَرْجِعُونَ بَاكِينَ إِلَى آبَائِهِمْ وَ يَقُولُونَ: قَضِمَنَا عَلِيٌّ، قَضِمَنَا عَلِيٌّ، فَسُمِّيَ لِذَلِكَ: الْقَضِيمَ».

‘Ali b. Ibrahim said, from his father, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Hisham, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), that he was asked about the meaning of Talhah b. Abi Talhah’s words when ‘Ali (peace be upon him) faced him: “O Qadīm.” He said: “In Mecca, none dared attack the Messenger of Allah due to the standing of Abu Talib, so they incited the children against him. Whenever the Messenger of Allah went out, they would pelt him with stones and dirt. He complained of this to ‘Ali (peace be upon him). He said: ‘May my father and mother be your ransom, O Messenger of Allah: when you go out, take me with you.’ So the Messenger of Allah went out with the Commander of the Faithful; the boys accosted the Messenger as usual, and the Commander of the Faithful charged at them, biting them on their faces, noses, and ears. The boys would return to their fathers crying, saying: ‘‘Ali bit us! ‘Ali bit us!’ Hence he was nicknamed al-Qadīm (the biter).”

99-/1902 _7- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ شَقِيقِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ أُمَاشِي عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ إِذْ سَمِعْتُ مِنْهُ هَمْهَمَةً، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: مَهْ، مَاذَا يَا عُمَرُ؟ فَقَالَ: وَيْحَكَ، أَ مَا تَرَى الْهِزَبْرَ [2] الْقُضَمَ بْنَ الْقُضَمِ [3]، وَ الضَّارِبَ بِالْبُهَمِ [4]، الشَّدِيدَ عَلَى مَنْ طَغَى وَ بَغَى بِالسَّيْفَيْنِ وَ الرَّايَةِ؟ فَالْتَفَتُّ فَإِذَا هُوَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ). فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: يَا عُمَرُ، هُوَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ. فَقَالَ: اُدْنُ مِنِّي حَتَّى أُحَدِّثُكَ مِنْ شَجَاعَتِهِ وَ بُطُولَتِهِ: بَايَعْنَا النَّبِيَّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ عَلَى أَنْ لاَ نَفِرَّ، وَ مَنْ فَرَّ مِنَّا فَهُوَ ضَالٌّ، وَ مَنْ قُتِلَ مِنَّا فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ، وَ النَّبِيُّ زَعِيمُهُ، إِذْ حَمَلَ عَلَيْنَا مِائَةُ صِنْدِيدٍ تَحْتَ كُلِّ صِنْدِيدٍ مِائَةُ رَجُلٍ أَوْ يَزِيدُونَ، فَأَزْعَجُونَا عَنْ طَاحُونَتِنَا [5]، فَرَأَيْتُ عَلِيّاً كَاللَّيْثِ يَتَّقِي الذَّرَّ، إِذَا حَمَلَ كَفّاً مِنْ حَصًى فَرَمَى بِهِ فِي وُجُوهِنَا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «شَاهَتِ الْوُجُوهُ وَ قُطِعَتْ [6] وَ بُطَّتْ [7] وَ لُطَّتْ [8]، إِلَى أَيْنَ تَفِرُّونَ، إِلَى النَّارِ؟!» فَلَمْ نَرْجِعْ، ثُمَّ كَرَّ عَلَيْنَا الثَّانِيَةَ وَ بِيَدِهِ صَفِيحَةٌ [9] يَقْطُرُ مِنْهَا الْمَوْتُ، فَقَالَ: «بَايَعْتُمْ ثُمَّ نَكَثْتُمْ، فَوَ اللَّهِ لَأَنْتُمْ أَوْلَى بِالْقَتْلِ مِمَّنْ أَقْتُلُ» فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى عَيْنَيْهِ كَأَنَّهُمَا سَلِيطَانِ [10] يَتَوَقَّدَانِ نَاراً، أَوْ كَالْقَدَحَيْنِ الْمَمْلُوءَيْنِ دَماً، فَمَا ظَنَنْتُ إِلاَّ وَ يَأْتِي عَلَيْنَا كُلِّنَا، فَبَادَرْتُ أَنَا إِلَيْهِ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَصْحَابِي، فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ، اللَّهَ اللَّهَ، فَإِنَّ الْعَرَبَ تَكِرُّ وَ تَفِرُّ، فَإِنَّ الْكَرَّةَ تَنْفِي الْفَرَّةَ.

‘Ali b. Ibrahim: It is related from Abu Wa’il (Shaqiq b. Salamah): I was walking with ‘Umar b. al-Khattab when I heard him muttering. I said to him: “Gently—what is it, O ‘Umar?” He said: “Woe to you! Do you not see the lion [2], the biting son of the biter [3], the one who strikes with stratagems [4], harsh against whoever transgresses and rebels, with two swords and the banner?” I turned and there was ‘Ali b. Abi Talib (peace be upon him). I said: “O ‘Umar, it is ‘Ali b. Abi Talib.” He said: “Come near so I may tell you of his courage and valor. We pledged the Prophet (blessings be upon him and his family) on the day of Uhud not to flee. Whoever among us fled was astray, and whoever was killed among us was a martyr, the Prophet being his guarantor. Then a hundred champions, each under whom were a hundred men or more, charged us and unsettled us from our position [5]. I saw ‘Ali like a lion shielding himself from the dust; he grabbed a handful of pebbles and threw them in our faces and said: ‘May your faces be disfigured, cut [6], slashed [7], and deprived [8]! Where do you flee—to the Fire?!’ We did not return. Then he attacked us a second time with a broad sword [9] dripping death, and said: ‘You pledged then broke your pledge. By Allah, you are more deserving of killing than those I kill!’ I looked at his eyes, as if two lamps [10] blazing with fire, or like two bowls filled with blood. I did not think but that he would come upon us all. I hastened ahead of my companions and said: ‘O Abu al-Hasan, for Allah’s sake—Arabs advance and retreat; a renewed charge effaces the retreat.’” He seemed ashamed and turned his face from me, but the terror in my heart never left me up to this very moment.

وَ لَمْ يَبْقَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(ص) إِلاَّ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ سِمَاكُ بْنُ خَرَشَةَ وَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(ع)، وَ كُلَّمَا حَمَلَتْ طَائِفَةٌ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(ص) اسْتَقْبَلَهُمْ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(ع) فَيَدْفَعُهُمْ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(ص) وَ يَقْتُلُهُمْ حَتَّى انْقَطَعَ سَيْفُهُ، وَ بَقِيَتْ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(ص) نُسَيْبَةُ بِنْتُ كَعْبٍ الْمَازِنِيَّةُ، … إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: «لَمَقَامُ نُسَيْبَةَ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ مَقَامِ فُلاَنٍ وَ فُلاَنٍ وَ فُلاَنٍ».

None remained with the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) except Abu Dujanah al-Ansari (Simak b. Kharashah) and the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him). Whenever a group charged the Messenger of Allah, the Commander of the Faithful would face them, ward them off from the Messenger of Allah, and kill them, until his sword broke. With the Messenger of Allah there also remained Nusaybah bint Ka‘b al-Maziniyyah; she used to go out with the Messenger of Allah in his campaigns to tend the wounded… until he said: “Nusaybah’s station (today) is superior to the station of so-and-so, so-and-so, and so-and-so.”

وَ حَمَلَ ابْنُ قَمِيئَةَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(ص) … فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(ص): «يَا نُسَيْبَةُ، خُذِي التُّرْسَ» … «لَمَقَامُ نُسَيْبَةَ أَفْضَلُ …».

Ibn Qami’ah attacked the Messenger of Allah, saying: “Show me Muhammad! If he escapes, I will not escape.” He struck him on the shoulder strap, and cried out: “I have killed Muhammad—by al-Lāt and al-‘Uzzā!” The Messenger of Allah saw a man from the Muhajirun who had thrown his shield behind his back and was in flight. He called out to him: “O shield-bearer! Throw down your shield and go to the Fire!” He threw down his shield. The Messenger of Allah said: “O Nusaybah, take the shield,” so she took it and fought the idolaters. The Messenger of Allah said: “Nusaybah’s station is superior to the station of so-and-so, so-and-so, and so-and-so.”

فَلَمَّا انْقَطَعَ سَيْفُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(ع) … فَنَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ … «لِأَنِّي مِنْهُ وَ هُوَ مِنِّي» … «وَ أَنَا مِنْكُمَا».

When the Commander of the Faithful’s sword broke, he came to the Messenger of Allah and said: “A man fights with a weapon, and my sword has broken.” The Messenger of Allah handed him his own sword, Dhu al-Fiqar, and said: “Fight with this.” No one charged the Messenger but that the Commander of the Faithful intercepted him; when they saw him, they retreated. The Messenger of Allah withdrew toward Uhud and stood firm; the fighting came from one face (front), while his companions had fled. ‘Ali continued to fight them until he had ninety wounds on his face, head, chest, abdomen, hands, and legs. They kept away from him, and they heard a caller cry out from the sky:

“There is no sword but Dhu al-Fiqar,

And no youth (hero) but ‘Ali.”

Gabriel descended to the Messenger of Allah and said: “By Allah, this is loyalty, O Muhammad.” The Messenger of Allah said: “For I am from him and he is from me.” Gabriel said: “And I am from you both.”

وَ كَانَتْ هِنْدُ بِنْتُ عُتْبَةَ … وَحْشِيّاً … فَكَمَنْتُ لِحَمْزَةَ … فَأَخَذْتُ كَبِدَهُ … «أَبَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يُدْخِلَ شَيْئاً مِنْ بَدَنِ حَمْزَةَ النَّارَ» …

Hind bint ‘Utbah was in the midst of the army; whenever a man of Quraysh fled, she would hand him a kohl-stick and a kohl container and say: “You are only a woman—apply this!” Hamzah b. ‘Abd al-Muttalib would charge the people, and whenever they saw him they fled; none would stand his ground. Hind had promised Wahshi‘: “If you kill Muhammad or ‘Ali or Hamzah, I will give you what you desire.” Wahshi‘ was a slave of Jubayr b. Mut‘im, an Abyssinian. Wahshi‘ said: “As for Muhammad, I cannot get at him; and as for ‘Ali, I saw him a wary man, much on his guard, so I did not hope for him. I lay in wait for Hamzah; I saw him smashing the people. He passed by me and stepped on the bank of a stream, which gave way; he fell. I took my spear, brandished it, and threw it at him; it struck his side and came out at his bladder, steeped in blood. He fell. I came to him, slit his belly, and took out his liver; I brought it to Hind and said: ‘This is Hamzah’s liver.’ She put it in her mouth and chewed it, but Allah made it in her mouth like a kneecap [1], so she spat it out and threw it away. Allah sent an angel who took it and returned it to its place”—Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) said: “Allah refused to admit any part of Hamzah’s body to the Fire”—“Then Hind came, cut off his privates, cut off his ears and made them into earrings, and hung them around her neck, and cut off his hands and legs.”

وَ تَرَاجَعَ النَّاسُ … اعلُ هُبَلُ … «اَللَّهُ أَعْلَى وَ أَجَلُّ» … «بَلِ اللَّهُ أَنْعَمَ عَلَيْنَا» … «لَعَنَكَ اللَّهُ … وَ اللَّهِ مَا قُتِلَ مُحَمَّدٌ، وَ هُوَ يَسْمَعُ كَلاَمَكَ».

The people gathered again and Quraysh climbed the mountain. Abu Sufyan upon the mountain said: “Exalt Hubal!” The Messenger of Allah said to the Commander of the Faithful: “Say to him: ‘Allah is Higher and More Majestic.’” Then he said: “O ‘Ali, he says: ‘He has shown us favor (an‘ama ‘alaynā).’” ‘Ali (peace be upon him) said: “Rather, Allah has shown us favor.” Then Abu Sufyan said: “O ‘Ali, I adjure you by al-Lāt and al-‘Uzzā—has Muhammad been killed?” The Commander of the Faithful said: “May Allah curse you, and may He curse al-Lāt and al-‘Uzzā with you. By Allah, Muhammad has not been killed; he hears your words.” He said: “You are more truthful. May Allah curse Ibn Qami’ah—he claimed he killed Muhammad.”

وَ كَانَ عَمْرُو بْنُ قَيْسٍ … «إِي وَ اللَّهِ شَهِيدٌ، مَا رَجُلٌ لَمْ يُصَلِّ لِلَّهِ رَكْعَةً وَ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ غَيْرُهُ».

‘Amr b. Qays had delayed Islam. When he learned the Messenger of Allah was in battle, he took his sword and shield and came like a raging lion, saying: “I testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah,” then plunged into the people and was martyred. A man from the Ansar passed by him lying slain among the dead and said: “O ‘Amr, are you upon your former religion?” He said: “No, by Allah; I testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah,” then died. A man from the companions said: “O Messenger of Allah, ‘Amr b. Qays has accepted Islam and been killed—so is he a martyr?” He said: “Indeed, by Allah, he is a martyr. No man ever entered Paradise without having prayed a single rak‘ah for Allah—other than him.”

وَ كَانَ حَنْظَلَةُ بْنُ أَبِي عَامِرٍ … فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: إِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِاللّٰهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ وَ إِذٰا كٰانُوا مَعَهُ عَلىٰ أَمْرٍ جٰامِعٍ لَمْ يَذْهَبُوا حَتّٰى يَسْتَأْذِنُوهُ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَأْذِنُونَكَ أُولٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللّٰهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ فَإِذَا اسْتَأْذَنُوكَ لِبَعْضِ شَأْنِهِمْ فَأْذَنْ لِمَنْ شِئْتَ مِنْهُمْ [5] … فَهَذَا دَلِيلٌ عَلَى أَنَّ التَّأْلِيفَ عَلَى خِلاَفِ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ.

Hanzalah b. Abi ‘Amir—a man of the Khazraj—married on the night before Uhud, to the daughter of ‘Abdullah b. Ubayy b. Salul, and consummated the marriage that night. He sought permission from the Messenger of Allah to remain with her, so Allah sent down: “Only those are believers who believe in Allah and His Messenger, and when they are with him on a matter of common importance, they do not go away until they ask his permission; surely those who ask permission from you are they who believe in Allah and His Messenger; therefore when they ask permission of you for one of their affairs, grant permission to whom you please of them” [al-Nur 24:62, M. H. Shakir]. The Messenger of Allah gave him permission. This verse is in Surat al-Nur while the reports of Uhud are in Aal ‘Imran—this is proof that the arrangement (of surahs/verses) is contrary to the order of revelation.

فَدَخَلَ حَنْظَلَةُ بِأَهْلِهِ … «رَأَيْتُ الْمَلاَئِكَةَ تَغْسِلُ حَنْظَلَةَ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ، بِمَاءِ الْمُزْنِ فِي صِحَافٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ».

Hanzalah consummated the marriage and in the morning went out in a state of major ritual impurity. His wife sent to four men of the Ansar, when he intended to leave her, and had them bear witness that he had lain with her. They said to her: “Why did you do that?” She said: “I saw in my sleep last night as if the sky opened and Hanzalah was raised therein, then it closed. I knew it was martyrdom, and I did not want to fail to bear witness.” She conceived from him. When Hanzalah attended the fighting, he saw Abu Sufyan on a horse circling between the ranks [1]. He charged him and struck the hamstring [2] of his horse; the horse collapsed [3] and Abu Sufyan fell to the ground, crying: “O people of Quraysh! I am Abu Sufyan and this is Hanzalah trying to kill me!” Abu Sufyan ran, and Hanzalah went after him. A polytheist confronted him; he speared Hanzalah, who then advanced upon him despite the spear thrust, struck him and killed him, and Hanzalah fell to the ground—between Hamzah, ‘Amr b. al-Jamuh, ‘Abdullah b. Hizam, and a group of the Ansar. The Messenger of Allah said: “I saw the angels washing Hanzalah between heaven and earth with rainwater in basins [4] of gold.” He was thereafter called “Washed by the Angels.”

99-/1903 _1- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ، قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «نَظَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) إِلَى جَبْرَئِيلَ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ عَلَى كُرْسِيٍّ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ، وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ: لاَ سَيْفَ إِلاَّ ذُو الْفَقَارِ، وَ لاَ فَتَى إِلاَّ عَلِيٌّ».

Abu ‘Ali al-Tabrisi: Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) said: “The Messenger of Allah looked at Gabriel between heaven and earth on a chair of gold, saying: ‘There is no sword but Dhu al-Fiqar, and no youth but ‘Ali.’”

قوله تعالى:

يُمْدِدْكُمْ رَبُّكُمْ بِخَمْسَةِ آلاٰفٍ مِنَ الْمَلاٰئِكَةِ مُسَوِّمِينَ [آل عمران 3:125]

Nay! if you remain patient and keep from evil and the enemy come upon you in haste, your Lord will assist you with five thousand of the havoc-making angels. (M. H. Shakir)

99-/1904 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هَمَّامٍ [5]، عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: مُسَوِّمِينَ. قَالَ: «الْعَمَائِمَ، اعْتَمَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) فَسَدَلَهَا مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ، وَ اعْتَمَّ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فَسَدَلَهَا مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ».

Muhammad b. Ya‘qub: From Muhammad b. Yahya, from Ahmad b. Muhammad, from Abu Hammam [5], from Abu al-Hasan (peace be upon him), regarding Allah’s saying “marked (musawwamīn).” He said: “It means turbans. The Messenger of Allah wrapped a turban, letting it hang in front of him and behind him; Gabriel did likewise, letting it hang in front and behind.”

99-/1905 _3- عَنْهُ: عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ، عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ …

From him: From Muhammad b. Yahya, from Ahmad b. Muhammad, from Ibn Faddal, from Abu Jamīlah, from Jabir, from … (continues).

المراجع والحواشي:

_1) - تفسير القمّيّ 1:122.

Tafsir al-Qummi 1:122.

_2) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:133/196.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:133/196.

_3) - تفسير العيّاشي 134/196.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 134/196.

_4) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:135/196.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:135/196.

_5) - تفسير القمّيّ 1:110.

Tafsir al-Qummi 1:110.

[1] مجمع البيان 2:828.

Majma‘ al-Bayān 2:828.

[2] في «ط»: القرحة.

Fi “T”: al-qurḥah.

[1] في المصدر: موضع القتال.

Fi al-masdar: mawdi‘ al-qitāl.

[2] آل عمران 3:/121-122.

Āl ‘Imrān 3:121-122.

[3] عبّأت الجيش: رتّبتهم في مواضعهم و هيأتهم للحرب. «مجمع البحرين-عبا-1:281».

‘abba’tu al-jaysh: rattabtu-hum fī mawādi‘ihim wa hayya’tu-hum lil-ḥarb. “Majma‘ al-Baḥrayn - ‘abā - 1:281.”

[4] النّصل: حديدة السّهم و الرمح و السّكّين و السيف ما لم يكن له مقبض. «مجمع البحرين-نصل-5:484».

al-naṣl: ḥadīdatu al-sahm wa al-rumḥ wa al-sikkīn wa al-sayf mā lam yakun lahu maqbiḍ. “Majma‘ al-Baḥrayn - naṣl - 5:484.”

[1] الصؤول: الشديد الصّول. «المعجم الوسيط-صول-1:529».

al-ṣa’ūl: al-shadīd al-ṣawl. “al-Mu‘jam al-Wasīṭ - ṣawl - 1:529.”

[2] فلول السيف: هي كسور في حدّه. «مجمع البحرين-فلل-5:445».

fulūl al-sayf: hiya kusūr fī ḥaddihi. “Majma‘ al-Baḥrayn - fall - 5:445.”

[3] أنظر معناها في الحديث الآتي.

Unẓur ma‘nāhā fī al-ḥadīth al-ātī.

[4] الجحفة: بالتحريك التّرس، و ذلك إذا كانت من جلود و ليس فيها خشب. «مجمع البحرين-جحف-5:35».

al-jaḥfah: bi-l-taḥrīk, al-turrs, idhā kānat min julūd wa laysa fīhā khashab. “Majma‘ al-Baḥrayn - jaḥf - 5:35.”

[5] في المصدر: أبو عذير، و الظاهر أنّها تصحيف أبو عزيز بن عمير، انظر مغازي الواقدي 1:308.

Fi al-masdar: Abū ‘Udhayr, wa al-ẓāhir annahā taṣḥīf Abū ‘Azīz b. ‘Umayr; unẓur Maghāzī al-Wāqidī 1:308.

[6] في «ط» نسخة بدل: و استقفوا، ثمّ أتى المسلمين من أدبارهم.

Fī “T” nuskhat badal: wa istaqafū, thumma atā al-muslimīn min adbārihim.

[9] الصفيحة: السيف العريض.

al-ṣafīḥah: al-sayf al-‘arīḍ.

[10] السّلط: ما يضاء به و من هذا قيل للزيت: سلط. «لسان العرب سلط-7:321».

al-salaṭ: mā yuḍā’u bihi, wa min hādhā qīla lil-zayt: salaṭ. “Lisān al-‘Arab - salaṭ - 7:321.”

[1] الدّاغصة: العظم المدوّر المتحرّك في رأس الرّكبة، «المعجم الوسيط-دغص-1:287».

al-dāghisah: al-‘aẓm al-mudawwar al-mutaḥarrik fī ra’s al-rukbah. “al-Mu‘jam al-Wasīṭ - daghaṣ - 1:287.”

[2] كان الرجل من قريش إذا أراد ابتداء أمر، عمد إلى سهمين … و كان أبو سفيان لما أراد الخروج إلى أحد استفتى هبل … و لعلّه المراد بقوله: أنعم علينا.

Kāna al-rajul min Quraysh idhā arāda ibtidā’a amr, ‘amida ilā sahmayn … wa kāna Abū Sufyān lammā arāda al-khurūj ilā Uḥud istaftā Hubal … wa la‘allahu al-murād bi-qawlihi: an‘ama ‘alaynā.

[3] الظاهر أنّه عمرو بن ثابت بن وقش. انظر أسد الغابة 4:90.

al-ẓāhir annahu ‘Amr b. Thābit b. Waqash. Unẓur Asad al-Ghābah 4:90.

[4] في المصدر: فقال معاذ الله.

Fī al-masdar: fa-qāla ma‘ādh Allāh.

[5] النور 24:62.

al-Nūr 24:62.

[1] في المصدر: العسكرين.

Fī al-masdar: al-‘askarayn.

[2] العرقوب: الوتر الذي خلف الكعبين … «النهاية 3:221».

al-‘urqūb: al-watar alladhī khalf al-ka‘bayn … “al-Nihāyah 3:221.”

[3] أي سقطت من ناحية مؤخّرها رومت به. «النهاية 4:173».

Ayy saqaṭat min nāḥiyat mu’akhkharihā rūmit bih. “al-Nihāyah 4:173.”

[4] في «س»: و الأرض على كرسيّ. و الصحاف: جمع صحفة، القصعة. و في «ط» و المصدر: صحائف.

Fī “S”: wa al-arḍ ‘alā kursī. Wa al-ṣiḥāf: jam‘ ṣaḥfah, al-qaṣ‘ah. Wa fī “T” wa al-masdar: ṣaḥā’if.

[5] و هو إسماعيل بن همّام بن عبد الرحمن البصري … راجع … رجال النجاشيّ:62/30.

Wa huwa Ismā‘īl b. Hammām b. ‘Abd al-Raḥmān al-Baṣrī … rāji‘ … Rijāl al-Najjāshī: 62/30.