Maryam Ayah 16-34

يَكُونُ هَذَا الْخَلْقُ فِي ثَلاَثَةِ مَوَاطِنَ: يَوْمَ وُلِدَ وَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ فَيَرَى الدُّنْيَا، وَ يَوْمَ يَمُوتُ فَيُعَايِنُ الْآخِرَةَ وَ أَهْلَهَا، وَ يَوْمَ يُبْعَثُ حَيّاً فَيَرَى أَحْكَاماً لَمْ يَرَهَا فِي دَارِ الدُّنْيَا، وَ قَدْ سَلَّمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَى يَحْيَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي هَذِهِ الثَّلاَثَةِ مَوَاطِنَ وَ آمَنَ رَوْعَتَهُ، فَقَالَ: وَ سَلاٰمٌ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ وُلِدَ وَ يَوْمَ يَمُوتُ وَ يَوْمَ يُبْعَثُ حَيًّا وَ قَدْ سَلَّمَ عِيسَى بْنُ مَرْيَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فِي هَذِهِ الثَّلاَثَةِ مَوَاطِنَ، فَقَالَ: وَ السَّلاٰمُ عَلَيَّ يَوْمَ وُلِدْتُ وَ يَوْمَ أَمُوتُ وَ يَوْمَ أُبْعَثُ حَيًّا [1]».

English: This creation has three stations: the day he is born and emerges from his mother's womb and sees the world; the day he dies and beholds the Hereafter and its people; and the day he is resurrected alive and witnesses rulings he had not seen in the abode of this world. God, Mighty and Majestic, bestowed peace upon Yahya (peace be upon him) in these three stations and secured him from fear, saying: “And peace be on him the day he was born, and the day he dies, and the day he shall be raised to life.” And ‘Isa son of Mary (peace be upon him) bestowed peace upon himself in these three stations, saying: “And peace on me the day I was born, and the day I die, and the day I am raised to life.” [1]

[1] مريم 19:33

“And peace on me the day I was born, and the day I die, and the day I am raised to life.”

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ، قَالَ: خَرَجَ إِلَيَّ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)، فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى رَأْسِهِ وَ رِجْلَيْهِ لِأَصِفَ قَامَتَهُ لِأَصْحَابِنَا بِمِصْرَ، فَبَيْنَمَا أَنَا كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى قَعَدَ، وَ قَالَ: «يَا عَلِيُّ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ احْتَجَّ فِي الْإِمَامَةِ بِمِثْلِ مَا احْتَجَّ بِهِ فِي النُّبُوَّةِ، فَقَالَ: وَ آتَيْنٰاهُ الْحُكْمَ صَبِيًّا وَ قَالَ: فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ وَ بَلَغَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً [2] فَقَدْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُعْطَى الْحُكْمَ صَبِيّاً، وَ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُعْطَاهَا وَ هُوَ ابْنُ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً».

English: Muhammad b. Ya‘qub, from al-Husayn b. Muhammad, from al-Mu‘alla b. Muhammad, from ‘Ali b. Asbat, said: Muhammad b. ‘Ali al-Rida (peace be upon them) came out to me, and I looked at his head and feet so that I might describe his stature to our companions in Egypt. While I was doing that, he sat down and said: “O ‘Ali, surely God has argued for the Imamate with the like of that with which He argued for prophethood. He said: ‘And We granted him wisdom while yet a child,’ and He said: ‘Until when he attains his maturity and reaches forty years’ [2]. Thus it may occur that one is given wisdom as a child, and it may occur that one is given it at forty years.”

[2] الأحقاف 46:15

“Until when he attains his maturity and reaches forty years...” (excerpt)

قوله تعالى:

وَ اذْكُرْ فِي الْكِتٰابِ مَرْيَمَ إِذِ انْتَبَذَتْ مِنْ أَهْلِهٰا مَكٰاناً شَرْقِيًّا -إلى قوله تعالى- ذٰلِكَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ قَوْلَ الْحَقِّ الَّذِي فِيهِ يَمْتَرُونَ [16-34]

English (M. H. Shakir): And mention Marium in the Book when she drew aside from her family to an eastern place; So she took a veil (to screen herself) from them; then We sent to her Our spirit, and there appeared to her a well-made man. She said: Surely I fly for refuge from you to the Beneficent Allah, if you are one guarding (against evil). He said: I am only a messenger of your Lord: That I will give you a pure boy. She said: When shall I have a boy and no mortal has yet touched me, nor have I been unchaste? He said: Even so; your Lord says: It is easy to Me: and that We may make him a sign to men and a mercy from Us, and it is a matter which has been decreed. So she conceived him; then withdrew herself with him to a remote place. And the throes (of childbirth) compelled her to betake herself to the trunk of a palm-tree. She said: Oh, would that I had died before this, and had been a thing quite forgotten! Then (the child) called out to her from beneath her: Grieve not, surely your Lord has made a stream to flow beneath you; And shake towards you the trunk of the palmtree, it will drop on you fresh ripe dates: So eat and drink and refresh the eye. Then if you see any mortal, say: Surely I have vowed a fast to the Beneficent Allah, so I shall not speak to any man today. And she came to her people with him, carrying him (with her). They said: O Marium! surely you have done a strange thing. O sister of Haroun! your father was not a bad man, nor, was your mother an unchaste woman. But she pointed to him. They said: How should we speak to one who was a child in the cradle? He said: Surely I am a servant of Allah; He has given me the Book and made me a prophet; And He has made me blessed wherever I may be, and He has enjoined on me prayer and poor-rate so long as I live; And dutiful to my mother, and He has not made me insolent, unblessed; And peace on me on the day I was born, and on the day I die, and on the day I am raised to life. Such is Isa, son of Marium; (this is) the saying of truth about which they dispute.

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قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: ثُمَّ قَصَّ اللّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَبَرَ مَرْيَمَ بِنْتِ عِمْرَانَ(عَلَيْهَا السَّلاَمُ)، فَقَالَ: وَ اذْكُرْ فِي الْكِتٰابِ مَرْيَمَ إِذِ انْتَبَذَتْ مِنْ أَهْلِهٰا مَكٰاناً شَرْقِيًّا قال: خرجت إلى النخلة اليابسة فَاتَّخَذَتْ مِنْ دُونِهِمْ حِجٰاباً قال: في محرابها فَأَرْسَلْنٰا إِلَيْهٰا رُوحَنٰا يعني جبرئيل(عليه السلام) فَتَمَثَّلَ لَهٰا بَشَراً سَوِيًّا قٰالَتْ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِالرَّحْمٰنِ مِنْكَ إِنْ كُنْتَ تَقِيًّا يعني إن كنت ممن يتقي اللّه. قال لها جبرئيل(عليه السلام): إِنَّمٰا أَنَا رَسُولُ رَبِّكِ لِأَهَبَ لَكِ غُلاٰماً زَكِيًّا فأنكرت ذلك، لأنّها لم يكن في العادة أن تحمل المرأة من غير فحل، فقالت: أَنّٰى يَكُونُ لِي غُلاٰمٌ وَ لَمْ يَمْسَسْنِي بَشَرٌ وَ لَمْ أَكُ بَغِيًّا و لم يعلم جبرئيل(عليه السلام) أيضا كيفية القدرة، فقال لها: كَذٰلِكِ قٰالَ رَبُّكِ هُوَ عَلَيَّ هَيِّنٌ وَ لِنَجْعَلَهُ آيَةً لِلنّٰاسِ وَ رَحْمَةً مِنّٰا وَ كٰانَ أَمْراً مَقْضِيًّا. قال: فنفخ في جيبها، فحملت بعيسى(عليه السلام) بالليل و وضعته بالغداة، و كان حملها تسع ساعات من النهار، جعل اللّه لها الشهور ساعات...

English: ‘Ali b. Ibrahim said: Then God, Mighty and Majestic, recounted the story of Mary daughter of ‘Imran (peace be upon her), saying: “And mention in the Book Mary when she withdrew from her people to an eastern place...” He said: She went out to a dry palm-tree. “She took a veil apart from them,” meaning in her mihrab. “We sent to her Our Spirit,” meaning Jibril (peace be upon him), “and he appeared to her as a well-made man.” She said: “I seek refuge in the All-Merciful from you, if you are Godfearing,” meaning if you are among those who fear God. Jibril (peace be upon him) said to her: “I am only a messenger of your Lord to grant you a pure boy.” She denied that, for it was not customary for a woman to conceive without a male. She said: “How shall I have a boy when no mortal has touched me, nor have I been unchaste?” Jibril (peace be upon him) did not know the manner of (God’s) power either, so he said to her: “So has your Lord said: It is easy for Me, and that We may make him a sign for the people and a mercy from Us, and it is a matter decreed.” He said: He blew into the opening of her garment, and she conceived ‘Isa (peace be upon him) at night and delivered him in the morning. Her pregnancy was nine hours of the day—God made the months for her as hours...

... ثُمّ ناداها جبرئيل(عليه السلام): وَ هُزِّي إِلَيْكِ بِجِذْعِ النَّخْلَةِ ... فَإِمّٰا تَرَيِنَّ مِنَ الْبَشَرِ أَحَداً فَقُولِي إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لِلرَّحْمٰنِ صَوْماً ... فَلَنْ أُكَلِّمَ الْيَوْمَ إِنْسِيًّا.

English: Then Jibril (peace be upon him) called to her: “And shake towards yourself the trunk of the palm-tree... If you see any mortal, say: I have vowed a fast to the All-Merciful; so I shall not speak today to any human.”

... فَأَقْبَلَتْ وَ هُوَ فِي صَدْرِهَا ... فَقَالُوا لَهَا: يٰا مَرْيَمُ لَقَدْ جِئْتِ شَيْئاً فَرِيًّا ... فَأَشَارَتْ إِلَى عِيسَى(عليه السلام) ... فَأَنْطَقَ اللّهُ عِيسَى ... إِنِّي عَبْدُ اللّٰهِ آتٰانِيَ الْكِتٰابَ ... ذٰلِكَ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ قَوْلَ الْحَقِّ الَّذِي فِيهِ يَمْتَرُونَ.

English: ... She came carrying him at her breast. They said to her, “O Mary, you have brought an unheard-of thing!” She pointed to ‘Isa (peace be upon him), and God made him speak: “Surely I am a servant of Allah; He has given me the Book...” “Such is ‘Isa son of Mary—the word of truth about which they dispute.”

_7) -الكافي 1:7/315.

al-Kāfī 1:7/315.

[1] مريم 19:33.

Maryam 19:33.

[2] الأحقاف 46:15.

al-Ahqāf 46:15.

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قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: قَالَ الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فِي قَوْلِهِ وَ أَوْصٰانِي بِالصَّلاٰةِ وَ الزَّكٰاةِ. قَالَ: «زَكَاةُ الرُّءُوسِ، لِأَنَّ كُلَّ النَّاسِ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ أَمْوَالٌ، وَ إِنَّمَا الْفِطْرَةُ عَلَى الْفَقِيرِ وَ الْغَنِيِّ وَ الصَّغِيرِ وَ الْكَبِيرِ».

English: ‘Ali b. Ibrahim said: Al-Sadiq (peace be upon him), regarding His saying “and He has enjoined on me prayer and zakat,” said: “It is the zakat of persons (heads), because not all people possess wealth; rather, the fitrah is upon the poor and the rich, the small and the great.”

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:50.

Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:50.

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الشَّيْخُ فِي (التَّهْذِيبِ): عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هَمَّامٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الزُّهْرِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا بَكْرُ بْنُ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)، فِي قَوْلِهِ: فَحَمَلَتْهُ فَانْتَبَذَتْ بِهِ مَكٰاناً قَصِيًّا. قَالَ: «خَرَجَتْ مِنْ دِمَشْقَ حَتَّى أَتَتْ كَرْبَلاَءَ، فَوَضَعَتْهُ فِي مَوْضِعِ قَبْرِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، ثُمَّ رَجَعَتْ مِنْ لَيْلَتِهَا».

English: Al-Shaykh in (al-Tahdhib), from Muhammad b. Ahmad b. Dawud, from Muhammad b. Hammam, who said: Ja‘far b. Muhammad b. Malik narrated to us, saying: Sa‘d b. ‘Amru al-Zuhri narrated to us, saying: Bakr b. Salim, from his father, from Abu Hamzah al-Thumali, from ‘Ali b. al-Husayn (peace be upon them), regarding His saying: “So she conceived him, then withdrew with him to a remote place.” He said: “She went out from Damascus until she reached Karbala, and she delivered him at the place of al-Husayn’s grave (peace be upon him), then returned that very night.”

_3) -التهذيب 6:139/73.

al-Tahdhīb 6:139/73.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ، عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ، قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) يَتَخَلَّلُ بَسَاتِينَ الْكُوفَةِ، فَانْتَهَى إِلَى نَخْلَةٍ، فَتَوَضَّأَ عِنْدَهَا، ثُمَّ رَكَعَ وَ سَجَدَ، فَأَحْصَيْتُ فِي سُجُودِهِ خَمْسَمِائَةِ تَسْبِيحَةٍ، ثُمَّ اسْتَنَدَ إِلَى النَّخْلَةِ، فَدَعَا بِدَعَوَاتٍ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «يَا حَفْصُ، إِنَّهَا-وَ اللَّهِ-اَلنَّخْلَةُ الَّتِي قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِمَرْيَمَ: وَ هُزِّي إِلَيْكِ بِجِذْعِ النَّخْلَةِ تُسٰاقِطْ عَلَيْكِ رُطَباً جَنِيًّا».

English: Muhammad b. Ya‘qub, from ‘Ali b. Ibrahim, from his father and ‘Ali b. Muhammad together, from al-Qasim b. Muhammad, from Sulayman b. Dawud al-Minqari, from Hafs b. Ghiyath, said: I saw Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) passing through the orchards of Kufa. He came to a palm-tree, performed ablution there, then bowed and prostrated. I counted in his prostration five hundred tasbihs. Then he leaned against the palm-tree, supplicated with invocations, and said: “O Hafs, by God, this is the very palm-tree of which God, Mighty and Majestic, said to Mary: ‘And shake towards yourself the trunk of the palm-tree: it will drop upon you fresh ripe dates.’”

_4) -الكافي 8:111/143.

al-Kāfī 8:111/143.

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وَ عَنْهُ: عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ سَالِمٍ، رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: «قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): لِيَكُنْ أَوَّلُ مَا تَأْكُلُ النُّفَسَاءُ الرُّطَبَ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ لِمَرْيَمَ(عَلَيْهَا السَّلاَمُ) وَ هُزِّي إِلَيْكِ بِجِذْعِ النَّخْلَةِ تُسٰاقِطْ عَلَيْكِ رُطَباً جَنِيًّا. قِيلَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَوَانُ الرُّطَبِ؟ قَالَ: سَبْعَ تَمَرَاتٍ مِنْ تَمْرِ الْمَدِينَةِ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فَسَبْعَ تَمَرَاتٍ مِنْ تَمُورُ أَمْصَارِكُمْ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: وَ عِزَّتِي وَ جَلاَلِي وَ عَظَمَتِي وَ ارْتِفَاعِ مَكَانِي، لاَ تَأْكُلُ النُّفَسَاءُ يَوْمَ تَلِدُ الرُّطَبَ، فَيَكُونُ غُلاَماً إِلاَّ كَانَ حَلِيماً، فَإِنْ كَانَتْ جَارِيَةً كَانَتْ حَلِيمَةً».

English: And from him: from several of our companions, from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Khalid, from several of our companions, from ‘Ali b. Asbat, from his uncle Ya‘qub b. Salim, raising it to the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), who said: “The Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: Let the first thing a woman in childbed eats be fresh dates, for indeed God, Mighty and Majestic, said to Mary (peace be upon her): ‘And shake towards yourself the trunk of the palm-tree; it will drop upon you fresh ripe dates.’ It was asked: O Messenger of God, what if it is not the season of fresh dates? He said: Seven dates from the dates of Medina; and if not, then seven dates from the dates of your cities. For surely God, Mighty and Majestic, says: By My might, My majesty, My greatness, and the loftiness of My station: no woman in childbed eats fresh dates on the day she bears a boy except that he will be forbearing; and if it is a girl, she will be forbearing.”

_5) -الكافي 6:4/22.

al-Kāfī 6:4/22.

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وَ عَنْهُ: بِإِسْنَادِهِ، عَنْ أَبَانٍ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: «إِنَّ مَرْيَمَ(عَلَيْهَا السَّلاَمُ) حَمَلَتْ بِعِيسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) تِسْعَ سَاعَاتٍ، كُلُّ سَاعَةٍ شَهْرٌ».

English: And from him, with his isnad, from Aban, from a man, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “Mary (peace be upon her) carried ‘Isa (peace be upon him) for nine hours; each hour was a month.”

_6) -الكافي 8:516/332.

al-Kāfī 8:516/332.

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وَ عَنْهُ: عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الزَّيَّاتِ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: «لَمْ يُولَدْ لِسِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ إِلاَّ عِيسَى بْنُ مَرْيَمَ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)».

English: And from him: from Muhammad b. Yahya, from ‘Ali b. Isma‘il, from Muhammad b. ‘Amru the oilman, from a man among our companions, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “None was born at six months except ‘Isa son of Mary and al-Husayn son of ‘Ali (peace be upon them).”

_7) -الكافي 1:386 ذيل الحديث 4.

al-Kāfī 1:386, end of hadith 4.

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وَ عَنْهُ: عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ، وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ جَمِيعاً، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ، عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، إِذْ أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ نَصْرَانِيٌّ وَ نَحْنُ مَعَهُ بِالْعُرَيْضِ —وَ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ— إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) لِلنَّصْرَانِيِّ: «أُعَجِّلُكَ أَيْضاً خَبَراً لاَ يَعْرِفُهُ إِلاَّ قَلِيلٌ مِمَّنْ قَرَأَ الْكُتُبَ: أَخْبِرْنِي مَا اسْمُ أُمِّ مَرْيَمَ، وَ أَيُّ يَوْمٍ نُفِخَتْ فِيهِ مَرْيَمُ، وَ لِكَمْ سَاعَةٍ مِنَ النَّهَارِ، وَ أَيُّ يَوْمٍ وَضَعَتْ فِيهِ مَرْيَمُ عِيسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، وَ لِكَمْ سَاعَةٍ مِنَ النَّهَارِ؟». فَقَالَ النَّصْرَانِيُّ: لاَ أَدْرِي. فَقَالَ أَبُو إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «أَمَّا أُمُّ مَرْيَمَ، فَاسْمُهَا مَرْثَى، وَ هِيَ وَهِيبَةُ بِالْعَرَبِيَّةِ، وَ أَمَّا الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي حَمَلَتْ فِيهِ مَرْيَمُ، فَهُوَ يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ عِنْدَ الزَّوَالِ، وَ هُوَ الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي هَبَطَ فِيهِ الرُّوحُ الْأَمِينُ، وَ لَيْسَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عِيدٌ أَوْلَى مِنْهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ ... وَ أَمَّا الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي وَلَدَتْ فِيهِ مَرْيَمُ، فَهُوَ يَوْمُ الثُّلاَثَاءِ لِأَرْبَعِ سَاعَاتٍ وَ نِصْفٍ مِنَ النَّهَارِ. وَ النَّهَرُ الَّذِي وَلَدَتْ عَلَيْهِ مَرْيَمُ عِيسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ... قَالَ: «هُوَ الْفُرَاتُ، وَ عَلَيْهِ شَجَرُ النَّخْلِ وَ الْكَرْمِ ... فَأَمَّا الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي حَجَبَتْ فِيهِ لِسَانَهَا، وَ نَادَى قَيْدُوسُ وُلْدَهُ وَ أَشْيَاعَهُ ...» الحديث، و يأتي بتمامه في سورة الدخان حم ... فِيهٰا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ.

English: And from him: from Ahmad b. Mihran and ‘Ali b. Ibrahim together, from Muhammad b. ‘Ali, from al-Hasan b. Rashid, from Ya‘qub b. Ja‘far b. Ibrahim, who said: I was with Abu al-Hasan Musa (peace be upon him) when a Christian man came to him while we were at al-‘Urayd. He mentioned the long hadith—until Abu al-Hasan (peace be upon him) said to the Christian: “I shall hasten for you also a report known only to a few who have read the scriptures: Tell me, what was the name of Mary’s mother; on which day was Mary breathed into; at what hour of the day; and on which day did Mary give birth to ‘Isa (peace be upon him), and at what hour of the day?” The Christian said: I do not know. Abu Ibrahim (peace be upon him) said: “As for Mary’s mother, her name was Martha, which is Wahiba in Arabic. As for the day Mary conceived, it was Friday at noon— the day on which the Trustworthy Spirit descended; no festival of the Muslims is more deserving with God, exalted is He; Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) magnified it and was commanded to make it a festival; it is Friday. And as for the day Mary gave birth, it was Tuesday at four and a half hours into the day. The river upon which Mary bore ‘Isa (peace be upon him)—do you know it?” He said: No. He said: “It is the Euphrates, and upon it are the palm and the vine; nothing equals the Euphrates for vines and palms. As for the day she held her tongue, and Qaydus called his sons and followers, who aided him, and they brought out the family of ‘Imran to look upon Mary, and said to her what God has recounted to you in His Book and to us in His Book...” The report, and its completion comes under Surat al-Dukhan: “Ha Mim. By the Book that makes manifest... Therein is made distinct every wise affair.”

_8) -الكافي 1:4/398.

al-Kāfī 1:4/398.

[2] العُرَيض: وادٍ بالمدينة. «معجم البلدان 4:114».

al-‘Urayḍ: a valley in Medina. “Mu‘jam al-Buldān 4:114”.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ جَرَّاحٍ الْمَدَائِنِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) قَالَ: «إِنَّ الصِّيَامَ لَيْسَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَ الشَّرَابِ وَحْدَهُ — ثُمَّ قَالَ — قَالَتْ مَرْيَمُ: إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لِلرَّحْمٰنِ صَوْماً أَيْ صَمْتاً».

English: Muhammad b. Ya‘qub: from several of our companions, from Ahmad b. Muhammad, from al-Husayn b. Sa‘id, from al-Nadr b. Suwayd, from al-Qasim b. Sulayman, from Jarrah al-Mada’ini, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “Fasting is not (merely) from food and drink alone.” Then he said: “Mary said: ‘I have vowed a fast to the All-Merciful,’ meaning silence.”

_9) -الكافي 4:3/87.

al-Kāfī 4:3/87.

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الطَّبْرِسِيُّ فِي (الْإِحْتِجَاجِ): عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) —فِي حَدِيثٍ— قَالَ: فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ صَلاَةٍ مَفْرُوضَةٍ تُصَلَّى بِغَيْرِ وُضُوءٍ، وَ عَنْ صَوْمٍ لاَ يَحْجُزُ عَنْ أَكْلٍ وَ لاَ شُرْبٍ؟ قَالَ: «أَمَّا الصَّلاَةُ بِغَيْرِ وُضُوءٍ، فَالصَّلاَةُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ وَ آلِهِ، وَ أَمَّا الصَّوْمُ، فَقَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لِلرَّحْمٰنِ صَوْماً فَلَنْ أُكَلِّمَ الْيَوْمَ إِنْسِيًّا...».

English: Al-Tabrisi in (al-Ihtijaj), from Abu Basir, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him)—in a hadith—said: “Tell me about a prescribed prayer performed without ablution, and about a fast that does not prevent from eating or drinking?” He said: “As for the prayer without ablution, it is sending blessings upon the Prophet and his family; and as for the fast, it is the saying of God, Mighty and Majestic: ‘I have vowed a fast to the All-Merciful, so I shall not speak today to any human.’...”

_10) -الإحتجاج:329.

al-Iḥtijāj: 329.

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ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ: عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ، عَنْ هَمْدَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ نُوحِ بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ، عَنِ الصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) —فِي حَدِيثٍ— قَالَ فِيهِ: «أَ لَمْ يَنْسُبُوا مَرْيَمَ بِنْتَ عِمْرَانَ(عَلَيْهَا السَّلاَمُ) إِلَى أَنَّهَا حَمَلَتْ بِعِيسَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ نَجَّارٍ اسْمُهُ يُوسُفُ؟!».

English: Ibn Babawayh: from his father, who said: ‘Ali b. Muhammad b. Qutaybah narrated to us, from Hamdan b. Sulayman, from Nuh b. Shu‘ayb, from Muhammad b. Isma‘il, from Salih b. ‘Uqbah, from ‘Alqamah, from al-Sadiq (peace be upon him)—in a hadith—in which he said: “Did they not attribute to Mary daughter of ‘Imran (peace be upon her) that she conceived ‘Isa from a carpenter man named Yusuf?!”

_11) -أمالي الصدوق:3/92.

Amālī al-Ṣadūq: 3/92.

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السّيّد المرتضى في كتاب (الغرر و الدرر)، قال: ... ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَ يُقَوِّي هَذَا الْقَوْلَ مَا رَوَاهُ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ، قَالَ: لَمَّا أَرْسَلَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) إِلَى أَهْلِ نَجْرَانَ، قَالَ لِي أَهْلُهَا: أَ لَيْسَ نَبِيُّكُمْ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ هَارُونَ أَخُو مُوسَى، وَ قَدْ عَلِمَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى مَا كَانَ بَيْنَ مُوسَى وَ عِيسَى مِنَ السِّنِينَ؟ فَلَمْ أَدْرِ مَا أَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِمْ، حَتَّى رَجَعْتُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ لِي: «فَهَلاَّ قُلْتَ: إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يُدْعَوْنَ بِأَنْبِيَائِهِمْ وَ الصَّالِحِينَ قَبْلَهُمْ». ... ثمّ قال مقاتل: و تأويل يٰا أُخْتَ هٰارُونَ يا من هي من نسل هارون...

English: Al-Sayyid al-Murtada in the book (al-Ghurar wa al-Durar) said: ... Then he said: What strengthens this view is what al-Mughira b. Shu‘bah narrated: When the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) sent me to the people of Najran, its people said to me: Does not your Prophet claim that Harun is the brother of Musa, while God knows the years between Musa and ‘Isa? I did not know what to reply, until I returned to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and mentioned that to him. He said to me: “Should you not have said: They used to be called by their prophets and the righteous before them.” ... Then Maqatil said: The interpretation of “O sister of Harun” is: O one who is of the progeny of Harun...

قوله تعالى: فَأَشٰارَتْ إِلَيْهِ قٰالُوا كَيْفَ نُكَلِّمُ مَنْ كٰانَ فِي الْمَهْدِ صَبِيًّا* قٰالَ إِنِّي عَبْدُ اللّٰهِ آتٰانِيَ الْكِتٰابَ وَ جَعَلَنِي نَبِيًّا* وَ جَعَلَنِي مُبٰارَكاً أَيْنَ مٰا كُنْتُ وَ أَوْصٰانِي بِالصَّلاٰةِ وَ الزَّكٰاةِ مٰا دُمْتُ حَيًّا.

English (M. H. Shakir): So she pointed to him. They said: How should we speak to one who was a child in the cradle? He said: Surely I am a servant of Allah; He has given me the Book and made me a prophet; And He has made me blessed wherever I may be, and He has enjoined on me prayer and poor-rate so long as I live.

_12) -أمالي المرتضى 2:197.

Amālī al-Murtaḍā 2:197.

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى، عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ الْكُنَاسِيِّ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): أَ كَانَ عِيسَى بْنُ مَرْيَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) حِينَ تَكَلَّمَ فِي الْمَهْدِ حُجَّةً لِلَّهِ عَلَى أَهْلِ زَمَانِهِ؟ فَقَالَ: «كَانَ يَوْمَئِذٍ نَبِيّاً حُجَّةً لِلَّهِ غَيْرَ مُرْسَلٍ ... ثُمَّ صَمَتَ فَلَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ حَتَّى مَضَتْ لَهُ سَنَتَانِ ... ثُمَّ مَاتَ زَكَرِيَّا ... فَوَرِثَهُ ابْنُهُ يَحْيَى ... يٰا يَحْيىٰ خُذِ الْكِتٰابَ بِقُوَّةٍ وَ آتَيْنٰاهُ الْحُكْمَ صَبِيًّا ... فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ عِيسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) سَبْعَ سِنِينَ تَكَلَّمَ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ وَ الرِّسَالَةِ ... وَلَيْسَ تَبْقَى الْأَرْضُ — يَا أَبَا خَالِدٍ — يَوْماً وَاحِداً بِغَيْرِ حُجَّةٍ لِلَّهِ...». ... قُلْتُ: أَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) حُجَّةً ...؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ ...».

English: Muhammad b. Ya‘qub: from several of our companions, from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. ‘Isa, from Ibn Mahbub, from Hisham b. Salim, from Yazid al-Kunasi, said: I asked Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him): Was ‘Isa son of Mary (peace be upon him), when he spoke in the cradle, a proof (hujjah) of God over the people of his time? He said: “On that day he was a prophet, a proof of God, not (yet) sent. ... Then he fell silent and did not speak until two years had passed. ... Then Zakariya died, and his son Yahya inherited the Book and wisdom while a small child — ‘O Yahya, take hold of the Book with strength,’ ‘and We gave him wisdom as a child.’ When ‘Isa (peace be upon him) reached seven years, he spoke with prophethood and messengership when God revealed to him; then ‘Isa (peace be upon him) was the proof over Yahya and over all people. And the earth, O Abu Khalid, does not remain for a single day without a proof of God since the day God created Adam...” I said: Was ‘Ali (peace be upon him) a proof from God and His Messenger over this community during the life of the Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him and his family)? He said: “Yes...”

_13) -الكافي 1:1/313.

al-Kāfī 1:1/313.

[1] مريم 19:12.

Maryam 19:12.

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وَ عَنْهُ: عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): ... فَإِنْ كَانَ كَوْنٌ فَإِلَى مَنْ؟ فَأَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ... فَقُلْتُ: هَذَا ابْنُ ثَلاَثِ سِنِينَ؟ قَالَ: «وَ مَا يَضُرُّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، قَدْ قَامَ عِيسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، بِالْحُجَّةِ وَ هُوَ ابْنُ ثَلاَثِ سِنِينَ».

English: And from him: from Muhammad b. Yahya, from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. ‘Isa, from Safwan b. Yahya, said: I said to al-Rida (peace be upon him): ... If something happens (to you), then to whom? He pointed with his hand to Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who was standing before him. I said: This one is three years old? He said: “What harm is in that? ‘Isa (peace be upon him) stood with the proof while three years old.”

_14) -الكافي 1:2/314.

al-Kāfī 1:2/314.

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وَ عَنْهُ: عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَبَلَةَ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ جَعَلَنِي مُبٰارَكاً أَيْنَ مٰا كُنْتُ. قَالَ: «نَفَّاعاً».

English: And from him: from several of our companions, from Sahl b. Ziyad, from Yahya b. al-Mubarak, from ‘Abdullah b. Jabalāh, from a man, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding God’s saying, “And He has made me blessed wherever I may be.” He said: “Beneficial.”

_15) -الكافي 2:11/132.

al-Kāfī 2:11/132.

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وَ عَنْهُ: عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) عَنْ أَفْضَلِ مَا يَتَقَرَّبُ بِهِ الْعِبَادُ إِلَى رَبِّهِمْ ... فَقَالَ: «مَا أَعْلَمُ شَيْئاً بَعْدَ الْمَعْرِفَةِ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الصَّلاَةِ، أَ لاَ تَرَى أَنَّ الْعَبْدَ الصَّالِحَ عِيسَى بْنَ مَرْيَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: وَ أَوْصٰانِي بِالصَّلاٰةِ وَ الزَّكٰاةِ مٰا دُمْتُ حَيًّا».

English: And from him: from Muhammad b. Yahya, from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. ‘Isa, from al-Hasan b. Mahbub, from Mu‘awiyah b. Wahb, said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the best act by which servants draw near to their Lord, and the most beloved to God, Mighty and Majestic. He said: “I know of nothing after knowledge better than this prayer. Do you not see that the righteous servant, ‘Isa son of Mary (peace be upon him), said: ‘And He has enjoined on me prayer and poor-rate so long as I live’?”

_16) -الكافي 3:1/264.

al-Kāfī 3:1/264.

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وَ عَنْهُ: عَنْ عِدَّةٍ عَنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ شَرِيفِ بْنِ سَابِقٍ، عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ أَبِي قُرَّةَ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: «قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): مَرَّ عِيسَى بْنُ مَرْيَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) بِقَبْرٍ يُعَذَّبُ صَاحِبُهُ ... فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ: أَنَّهُ أَدْرَكَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ صَالِحٌ فَأَصْلَحَ طَرِيقاً وَ آوَى يَتِيماً، فَلِهَذَا غَفَرْتُ لَهُ بِمَا فَعَلَ ابْنُهُ ... ثُمَّ تَلاَ ... رَبِّ فَهَبْ لِي ...».

English: And from him: from several of our companions, from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Khalid, from Sharif b. Sabiq, from al-Fadl b. Abi Qurrah, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “The Messenger of God (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: ‘Isa son of Mary (peace be upon him) passed by a grave whose occupant was being punished. He passed by it the following year, and lo! he was not being punished. He said: ‘My Lord, I passed this grave last year and its occupant was being punished; I passed it this year and he is not being punished.’ God revealed to him: ‘A righteous child of his has reached (maturity): he repaired a road and sheltered an orphan; for this I forgave him due to what his son did.’ Then the Messenger of God recited the verse of Zakariya (peace be upon him): ‘My Lord! grant me from Thyself a successor; who should inherit me and inherit from the children of Yaqoub, and make him, my Lord, one in whom Thou art well pleased.’”

_17) -الكافي 6:12/3.

al-Kāfī 6:12/3.

[1] مريم 19:5-6.

Maryam 19:5-6.

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَبَلَةَ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَ جَعَلَنِي مُبٰارَكاً أَيْنَ مٰا كُنْتُ. قَالَ: «نَفَّاعاً».

English: ‘Ali b. Ibrahim: from Muhammad b. Ja‘far, who said: Muhammad b. Ahmad narrated to me, from Ya‘qub b. Yazid, from Yahya b. al-Mubarak, from ‘Abdullah b. Jabalāh, from a man, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, “And He has made me blessed wherever I may be.” He said: “Beneficial.”

_18) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:50.

Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:50.

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ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ: قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَبَلَةَ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ جَعَلَنِي مُبٰارَكاً أَيْنَ مٰا كُنْتُ، قَالَ: «نَفَّاعاً».

English: Ibn Babawayh said: My father narrated to us, from Sa‘d b. ‘Abdillah, from Ya‘qub b. Yazid, from Yahya b. al-Mubarak, from ‘Abdullah b. Jabalāh, from a man, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding God’s saying: “And He has made me blessed wherever I may be,” he said: “Beneficial.”

_19) -معاني الأخبار:1/212.

Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār 1:212.

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وَ عَنْهُ: بِإِسْنَادِهِ، عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ الْيَمَانِيِّ، قَالَ: إِنَّ يَهُودِيّاً سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)، فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، أَ كُنْتَ فِي أُمِّ الْكِتَابِ نَبِيّاً قَبْلَ أَنْ تُخْلَقَ؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ». ... قَالَ: فَمَا شَأْنُكَ لَمْ تَتَكَلَّمْ بِالْحِكْمَةِ حِينَ خَرَجْتَ ... كَمَا تَكَلَّمَ عِيسَى ...؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): «إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ أَمْرِي كَأَمْرِ عِيسَى بْنِ مَرْيَمَ ... وَلَوْ أَنَّ عِيسَى ... لَمْ يَنْطِقْ بِالْحِكْمَةِ، لَمْ يَكُنْ لِأُمِّهِ عُذْرٌ ... فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ ... مَنْطِقَهُ عُذْراً لِأُمِّهِ».

English: And from him: with his isnad, from Wahb b. Munabbih al-Yamani, who said: A Jew asked the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): O Muhammad, were you in the Mother of the Book a prophet before you were created? He said: “Yes.” ... He said: Then how is it that you did not speak wisdom when you came out of your mother’s womb as you claim ‘Isa did, given that you were already a prophet? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: “My case is not like that of ‘Isa son of Mary. ‘Isa son of Mary was created by God, Mighty and Majestic, from a mother without a father, as God created Adam without father or mother. Had ‘Isa, when he came out of his mother’s womb, not spoken wisdom, his mother would have had no excuse before the people, since she brought him forth without a father; they would have taken her as such (women) are taken among the chaste. So God made his speech an excuse for his mother.”

_20) -علل الشرائع:1/79.

‘Ilal al-Sharā’i‘ 1:79.

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وَ عَنْهُ: عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ ... عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: «لَمَّا وُلِدَ عِيسَى بْنُ مَرْيَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) كَانَ ابْنَ يَوْمٍ كَأَنَّهُ ابْنُ شَهْرَيْنِ ... فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمُؤَدِّبُ: قُلْ أَبْجَدْ ... فَسَّرَهَا ... فَقَالَ الْمُؤَدِّبُ: أَيَّتُهَا الْمَرْأَةُ خُذِي بِيَدِ ابْنِكِ فَقَدْ عُلِّمَ وَ لاَ حَاجَةَ لَهُ فِي الْمُؤَدِّبِ».

English: And from him: from Muhammad b. Ibrahim b. Ishaq, who said: Ahmad b. Muhammad al-Hamdani narrated to us... from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “When ‘Isa son of Mary (peace be upon him) was born, he was one day old as if he were two months old. ... The tutor said to him: Say ‘abjad.’ ‘Isa raised his head and said: Do you know what ‘abjad is? ... He explained it for him... The tutor said: O woman, take your son’s hand; he has been taught and has no need of a tutor.”

_21) -التوحيد:1/236.

al-Tawḥīd 1:236.

قوله تعالى:

فَاخْتَلَفَ الْأَحْزٰابُ مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ فَوَيْلٌ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ مَشْهَدِ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ [37]

English (M. H. Shakir): But parties from among them disagreed with each other, so woe to those who disbelieve because of presence on a great Day.

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الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ جَابِرٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، يَقُولُ: «الْزَمِ الْأَرْضَ لاَ تُحَرِّكْ يَدَكَ وَ لاَ رِجْلَكَ أَبَداً حَتَّى تَرَى عَلاَمَاتٍ أَذْكُرُهَا لَكَ فِي سَنَةٍ، وَ تَرَى مُنَادِياً يُنَادِي بِدِمَشْقَ، وَ خَسْفاً بِقَرْيَةٍ مِنْ قُرَاهَا، وَ تَسْقُطُ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْ مَسْجِدِهَا، فَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ التُّرْكَ جَازُوهَا ... وَ هِيَ الْآيَةُ الَّتِي يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: فَاخْتَلَفَ الْأَحْزٰابُ مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ إِلَى آخِرِهِ».

English: Al-‘Ayyashi: from Jabir al-Ju‘fi, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “Adhere to the ground; do not move your hand or your foot ever until you see signs I enumerate for you within a year: you will see a caller calling in Damascus; a sinking (of the earth) in a village of its villages; a section of its mosque collapses. When you see the Turks crossing it, the Turks will advance until they encamp in al-Jazirah, and the Romans will advance until they encamp at al-Ramlah. It will be a year of discord in every land of the Arabs. The people of al-Sham will differ then over three banners: the fair-haired, the spotted, and the Sufyani—with the sons of the donkey’s tail from Mudar, and with the Sufyani are his maternal uncles from Kalb. The Sufyani will prevail with those with him over the sons of the donkey’s tail and will kill a killing the like of which nothing has killed. A man in Damascus will attend and he and those with him will be killed a killing the like of which nothing has killed; he is from the sons of the donkey’s tail. It is the sign about which God, Blessed and Exalted, says: ‘But parties from among them disagreed with each other...’ to the end.”

_1) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:117/64.

Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:117/64.

[1] في «ي، ط»: المغرب.

fī “Ya, Ṭ”: al-maghrib.

[2] في «ي»: الأشهب.

fī “Ya”: al-ashhab.

[3] تقدّم في الحديث (10) من تفسير الآية (148) من سورة البقرة.

taqaddama fī al-ḥadīth (10) min tafsīr al-āyah (148) min Sūrat al-Baqarah.