Maryam Ayah 68-72

وَيَقُولُ الْإِنْسَانُ أَإِذَا مَا مِتُّ لَسَوْفَ أُخْرَجُ حَيًّا. أَوَلَا يَذْكُرُ الْإِنسَانُ أَنَّا خَلَقْنَاهُ مِن قَبْلُ وَلَمْ يَكُ شَيْئًا

Quran 19:66-67 (M. H. Shakir): And man says: What! when I am dead shall I certainly be brought to life? Does not man remember that We created him before, when he was nothing?

99-/6920 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَسَنِيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ، عَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) عَنْ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: أَوَلَا يَذْكُرُ الْإِنْسَانُ أَنَّا خَلَقْنَاهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَلَمْ يَكُ شَيْئًا. فَقَالَ: «لَا مُقَدَّرًا، وَلَا مُكَوَّنًا». قَالَ: وَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ: هَلْ أَتَىٰ عَلَى الْإِنْسَانِ حِينٌ مِنَ الدَّهْرِ لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْئًا مَذْكُورًا [1] قَالَ: «كَانَ مُقَدَّرًا غَيْرَ مَذْكُورٍ».

99-/6920: Malik al-Juhani said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about His saying, “Does not man remember that We created him before, when he was nothing.” He said: “He was neither measured out nor brought into being.” He said: And I asked him about His saying, “There surely came over man a period of time when he was a thing not worth mentioning.” He said: “He was measured (in decree) but not mentioned.”

99-/6921 _3- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْبَرْقِيُّ: عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، عَنْ حُمْرَانَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: هَلْ أَتَىٰ عَلَى الْإِنْسَانِ حِينٌ مِنَ الدَّهْرِ لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْئًا مَذْكُورًا [2] فَقَالَ: «كَانَ شَيْئًا، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ مَذْكُورًا». قُلْتُ: فَقَوْلُهُ: أَوَلَا يَذْكُرُ الْإِنْسَانُ أَنَّا خَلَقْنَاهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَلَمْ يَكُ شَيْئًا؟ قَالَ: «لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْئًا فِي كِتَابٍ، وَلَا عِلْمٍ».

99-/6921: Humran said: I asked Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, “There surely came over man a period of time when he was a thing not worth mentioning.” He said: “He was a thing, but he was not mentioned.” I said: Then His saying, “Does not man remember that We created him before, when he was nothing?” He said: “He was nothing in any book nor in any knowledge.”

فَوَرَبِّكَ لَنَحْشُرَنَّهُمْ وَالشَّيَاطِينَ ثُمَّ لَنُحْضِرَنَّهُمْ حَوْلَ جَهَنَّمَ جِثِيًّا. ثُمَّ لَنَنزِعَنَّ مِن كُلِّ شِيعَةٍ أَيُّهُمْ أَشَدُّ عَلَى الرَّحْمَٰنِ عِتِيًّا. ثُمَّ لَنَحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِالَّذِينَ هُمْ أَوْلَىٰ بِهَا صِلِيًّا. وَإِن مِّنكُمْ إِلَّا وَارِدُهَا كَانَ عَلَىٰ رَبِّكَ حَتْمًا مَقْضِيًّا. ثُمَّ نُنَجِّي الَّذِينَ اتَّقَوا وَنَذَرُ الظَّالِمِينَ فِيهَا جِثِيًّا

Quran 19:68-72 (M. H. Shakir): So by your Lord! We will most certainly gather them together and the devils, then We will most certainly bring them round hell on their knees. Then We will most certainly draw forth from every sect him who is most rebellious against the Beneficent God. Again We do know best those who deserve most to be burned therein. And there is not one of you but shall come to it; this is an unavoidable decree of your Lord. And We will deliver those who guarded (against evil), and We will leave the unjust therein on their knees.

99-/6922 _1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: ثُمَّ أَقْسَمَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِنَفْسِهِ، فَقَالَ: فَوَرَبِّكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ لَنَحْشُرَنَّهُمْ وَالشَّيَاطِينَ ثُمَّ لَنُحْضِرَنَّهُمْ حَوْلَ جَهَنَّمَ جِثِيًّا قَالَ: عَلَى رُكَبِهِمْ. قَالَ: قَوْلُهُ: وَإِن مِّنكُمْ إِلَّا وَارِدُهَا كَانَ عَلَىٰ رَبِّكَ حَتْمًا مَقْضِيًّا. ثُمَّ نُنَجِّي الَّذِينَ اتَّقَوا وَنَذَرُ الظَّالِمِينَ فِيهَا جِثِيًّا يَعْنِي فِي الْبِحَارِ إِذَا تَحَوَّلَتْ نِيرَانًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ. وَفِي حَدِيثٍ آخَرَ بِأَنَّهَا مَنْسُوخَةٌ بِقَوْلِهِ: إِنَّ الَّذِينَ سَبَقَتْ لَهُم مِّنَّا الْحُسْنَىٰ أُولَٰئِكَ عَنْهَا مُبْعَدُونَ [3].

99-/6922: ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: Then the Mighty and Majestic swore by Himself, saying: “So by your Lord, O Muhammad, We will surely gather them and the devils, then We will surely bring them around Hell on their knees”—he said: on their knees. He said regarding His word, “And there is not one of you but shall come to it, this is an unavoidable decree of your Lord. Then We will deliver those who guarded (against evil), and We will leave the unjust therein on their knees”: that is in the seas when they are transformed into fire on the Day of Resurrection. And in another hadith: it is abrogated by His saying, “Surely those for whom the good has already gone forth from Us, they shall be kept far off from it.”

99-/6923 _2- ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلَاءِ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَإِن مِّنكُمْ إِلَّا وَارِدُهَا. قَالَ: «أَمَا تَسْمَعُ الرَّجُلَ يَقُولُ: وَرَدْنَا مَاءَ بَنِي فُلَانٍ، فَهُوَ الْوُرُودُ [1]، وَلَمْ يَدْخُلْهُ».

99-/6923: Then ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: Ahmad ibn Idris informed us, he said: Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa narrated to me, from ‘Ali ibn al-Hakam, from al-Husayn ibn Abi al-‘Ala’, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, “And there is not one of you but shall come to it.” He said: “Do you not hear a man say, ‘We came to the water of the clan of so-and-so’? That is the ورود (coming to), without entering it.”

وَإِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُنَا بَيِّنَاتٍ قَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَيُّ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ خَيْرٌ مَّقَامًا وَأَحْسَنُ نَدِيًّا

Quran 19:73 (M. H. Shakir): And when Our clear communications are recited to them, those who disbelieve say to those who believe: Which of the two parties is best in abiding and best in assembly?

قُلْ مَن كَانَ فِي الضَّلَالَةِ فَلْيَمْدُدْ لَهُ الرَّحْمَٰنُ مَدًّا حَتَّىٰ إِذَا رَأَوْا مَا يُوعَدُونَ إِمَّا الْعَذَابَ وَإِمَّا السَّاعَةَ فَسَيَعْلَمُونَ مَنْ هُوَ شَرٌّ مَّكَانًا وَأَضْعَفُ جُندًا

Quran 19:75 (M. H. Shakir): Say: As for him who remains in error, the Beneficent God will prolong his span of life, until, when they see what they were threatened with, either the chastisement or the hour, then they shall know who is worse in position and weaker in forces.

وَكَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا قَبْلَهُم مِّن قَرْنٍ هَلْ تُحِسُّ مِنْهُم مِّنْ أَحَدٍ أَوْ تَسْمَعُ لَهُمْ رِكْزًا

Quran 19:98 (M. H. Shakir): And how many a generation have We destroyed before them! Do you see any one of them or hear from them a sound?

99-/6924 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: وَإِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُنَا بَيِّنَاتٍ قَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَيُّ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ خَيْرٌ مَّقَامًا وَأَحْسَنُ نَدِيًّا. قَالَ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ) دَعَا قُرَيْشًا إِلَى وَلَايَتِنَا، فَنَفَرُوا وَأَنْكَرُوا، قَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا، الَّذِينَ أَقَرُّوا لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ) وَلَنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ: أَيُّ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ خَيْرٌ مَّقَامًا وَأَحْسَنُ نَدِيًّا، تَعْيِيرًا مِنْهُمْ، فَقَالَ اللَّهُ رَدًّا عَلَيْهِمْ: وَكَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا قَبْلَهُم مِّن قَرْنٍ مِنَ الْأُمَمِ السَّالِفَةِ هُمْ أَحْسَنُ أَثَاثًا وَرِئْيًا». قُلْتُ: قَوْلُهُ: قُلْ مَن كَانَ فِي الضَّلَالَةِ فَلْيَمْدُدْ لَهُ الرَّحْمَٰنُ مَدًّا؟ قَالَ: «كُلُّهُمْ كَانُوا فِي الضَّلَالَةِ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِوَلَايَةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ)، وَلَا بِوَلَايَتِنَا، فَكَانُوا ضَالِّينَ مُضِلِّينَ، فَيَمُدُّ لَهُمْ فِي ضَلَالَتِهِمْ وَطُغْيَانِهِمْ حَتَّى يَمُوتُوا، فَيُصَيِّرُهُمْ شَرًّا مَكَانًا وَأَضْعَفَ جُنْدًا». قُلْتُ: قَوْلُهُ: حَتَّىٰ إِذَا رَأَوْا مَا يُوعَدُونَ إِمَّا الْعَذَابَ وَإِمَّا السَّاعَةَ فَسَيَعْلَمُونَ مَنْ هُوَ شَرٌّ مَكَانًا وَأَضْعَفُ جُنْدًا؟ قَالَ: «أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: حَتَّىٰ إِذَا رَأَوْا مَا يُوعَدُونَ فَهُوَ خُرُوجُ الْقَائِمِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ)، وَالسَّاعَةُ، فَسَيَعْلَمُونَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ، وَمَا نَزَلَ بِهِمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَلَى يَدَيْ وَلِيِّهِ [2]، فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ: مَنْ هُوَ شَرٌّ مَكَانًا يَعْنِي عِنْدَ الْقَائِمِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ) وَأَضْعَفُ جُنْدًا».

99-/6924: Abu Basir narrates from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, “And when Our clear communications are recited to them, those who disbelieve say to those who believe: Which of the two parties is best in abiding and best in assembly.” He said: “The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) called Quraysh to our wilayah, but they recoiled and denied. Those who disbelieved among Quraysh said to those who believed—those who affirmed for the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) and for us, the People of the House—‘Which of the two parties is best in abiding and best in assembly,’ as a taunt from them. So Allah replied to them: ‘And how many a generation We destroyed before them from past nations—they were more splendid in furnishings and appearance.’” I said: His saying, “Say: As for him who remains in error, the Beneficent will prolong for him...” He said: “All of them were in error; they did not believe in the wilayah of the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) nor in our wilayah. They were astray and leading astray. So He extends for them in their misguidance and rebellion until they die, then He makes them worse in position and weaker in forces.” I said: His saying, “Until, when they see what they were promised, either the chastisement or the Hour, then they shall know who is worse in position and weaker in forces?” He said: “As for His saying, ‘until they see what they were promised,’ it is the emergence of al-Qa’im (peace be upon him), and the Hour. They will know that day what has come upon them from Allah at the hands of His wali. That is His saying, ‘who is worse in position,’ meaning before al-Qa’im (peace be upon him), and ‘weaker in forces.’”

_2) الكافي 1:5/114.

_2) al-Kāfī 1:5/114.

_3) المحاسن:234/243.

_3) al-Maḥāsin: 234/243.

_1) تفسير القمّيّ:266 الطبعة الحجرية.

_1) Tafsīr al-Qummī: 266, al-ṭab‘ah al-ḥajarīyah.

[1] الدهر 76:1.

[1] al-Dahr 76:1.

[2] الدهر 76:1.

[2] al-Dahr 76:1.

[3] الأنبياء 21:101.

[3] al-Anbiyā’ 21:101.

[1] في المصدر: الورد.

[1] fī al-maṣdar: al-ward.

[2] في المصدر، و«ط»نسخة بدل: قائمه.

[2] fī al-maṣdar, wa “Ṭ” nuskhat badal: qā’imihi.