Al-Isra Ayah 59

الإسراء آيه 59

/6403 _2-ابن شهر آشوب:عن أبي معاوية الضرير،عن الأعمش،عن أبي صالح،في قوله تعالى: وَ لَقَدْ فَضَّلْنٰا بَعْضَ النَّبِيِّينَ عَلىٰ بَعْضٍ قال:فضل اللّه محمّدا(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)بالعلم و العقل على جميع الرسل،و فضل عليّ بن أبي طالب(عليه السلام)على جميع الصديقين بالعلم و العقل.

99-/6403 Ibn Shahr Ashub: from Abu Mu‘āwiyah al-Darīr, from al-A‘mash, from Abu Ṣāliḥ, regarding His saying: “And certainly We have made some of the prophets to excel others,” he said: Allah preferred Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) over all the messengers by knowledge and intellect, and He preferred ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) over all the truthful ones by knowledge and intellect.

قوله تعالى:

وَ إِنْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ إِلاّٰ نَحْنُ مُهْلِكُوهٰا قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الْقِيٰامَةِ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُوهٰا عَذٰاباً شَدِيداً كٰانَ ذٰلِكَ فِي الْكِتٰابِ مَسْطُوراً [58]

Quran 17:58 — And there is not a town but We will destroy it before the day of resurrection or chastise it with a severe chastisement; this is written in the book. (M. H. Shakir)

/6404 _3-علي بن إبراهيم،قال:قوله: وَ إِنْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ إِلاّٰ نَحْنُ مُهْلِكُوهٰا أي أهلها قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الْقِيٰامَةِ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُوهٰا عَذٰاباً شَدِيداً يعني بالخسف و الموت و الهلاك كٰانَ ذٰلِكَ فِي الْكِتٰابِ مَسْطُوراً أي مكتوبا.

99-/6404 ‘Ali ibn Ibrāhīm said: His saying, “And there is not a town but We will destroy it”—that is, its people—“before the Day of Resurrection, or chastise it with a severe chastisement,” means by the swallowing of the earth, death, and destruction; “this is written in the Book,” that is, inscribed.

/6405 _4- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ:مُرْسَلاً،عَنِ الصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ إِنْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ إِلاّٰ نَحْنُ مُهْلِكُوهٰا قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الْقِيٰامَةِ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُوهٰا عَذٰاباً شَدِيداً قَالَ:«هُوَ الْفَنَاءُ بِالْمَوْتِ».

99-/6405 Ibn Bābawayh, mursal, from al-Ṣādiq (peace be upon him), that he was asked about His saying, “And there is not a town but We will destroy it before the Day of Resurrection or chastise it with a severe chastisement.” He said: “It is annihilation by death.”

/6406 _5- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ إِنْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ إِلاّٰ نَحْنُ مُهْلِكُوهٰا قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الْقِيٰامَةِ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُوهٰا عَذٰاباً شَدِيداً ،قَالَ:«إِنَّمَا أُمَّةُ مُحَمَّدٍ مِنَ الْأُمَمِ،فَمَنْ مَاتَ فَقَدْ هَلَكَ».

99-/6406 Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Muḥammad ibn Muslim, who said: I asked Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) about “And there is not a town but We will destroy it before the Day of Resurrection or chastise it with a severe chastisement.” He said: “It is only [speaking of] the Ummah of Muhammad among the nations; so whoever dies has indeed perished.”

/6407 _6- عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَ إِنْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ إِلاّٰ نَحْنُ مُهْلِكُوهٰا قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الْقِيٰامَةِ ،قَالَ:«هُوَ الْفَنَاءُ بِالْمَوْتِ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ».

99-/6407 From Ibn Sinān, from Abu ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, “And there is not a town but We will destroy it before the Day of Resurrection,” he said: “It is annihilation by death or by other than it.”

/6408 _7- وَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى،عَنْهُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): وَ إِنْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ إِلاّٰ نَحْنُ مُهْلِكُوهٰا قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الْقِيٰامَةِ . قَالَ:«بِالْقَتْلِ وَ الْمَوْتِ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ».

99-/6408 And in another narration from him (peace be upon him): “And there is not a town but We will destroy it before the Day of Resurrection.” He said: “By killing and death, or by other than it.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ مٰا مَنَعَنٰا أَنْ نُرْسِلَ بِالْآيٰاتِ إِلاّٰ أَنْ كَذَّبَ بِهَا الْأَوَّلُونَ -إلى قوله تعالى- … إِلاّٰ تَخْوِيفاً [59]

Quran 17:59 — And nothing could have hindered Us that We should send signs except that the ancients rejected them; and We gave to Thamood the she-camel—a manifest sign— but on her account they did injustice, and We do not send signs but to make men fear. (M. H. Shakir)

_2) -المناقب 3:99. — al-Manāqib 3:99.

_3) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:21. — Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:21.

_4) -من لا يحضره الفقيه 1:562/118. — Man lā yaḥḍuruhu al-Faqīh 1:562/118.

_5) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:90/297. — Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:90/297.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:91/297. — Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:91/297.

_7) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:92/297. — Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:92/297.

إِلاّٰ تَخْوِيفاً [59] /6409 _1-و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم:قوله: وَ مٰا مَنَعَنٰا أَنْ نُرْسِلَ بِالْآيٰاتِ إِلاّٰ أَنْ كَذَّبَ بِهَا الْأَوَّلُونَ نزلت في قريش،و قوله: وَ آتَيْنٰا ثَمُودَ النّٰاقَةَ مُبْصِرَةً فَظَلَمُوا بِهٰا وَ مٰا نُرْسِلُ بِالْآيٰاتِ إِلاّٰ تَخْوِيفاً فعطف على قوله: وَ مٰا مَنَعَنٰا أَنْ نُرْسِلَ بِالْآيٰاتِ .

99-/6409 “Except to cause fear” [59]. And ‘Ali ibn Ibrāhīm said: His saying, “And nothing could have hindered Us that We should send signs except that the ancients rejected them,” was revealed about Quraysh; and His saying, “And We gave to Thamūd the she-camel—a manifest sign— but on her account they did injustice, and We do not send the signs but to make men fear,” is conjoined to His saying, “And nothing could have hindered Us that We should send signs.”

/6410 _2- قَالَ:وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَ مٰا مَنَعَنٰا أَنْ نُرْسِلَ بِالْآيٰاتِ . قَالَ:«وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)سَأَلَهُ قَوْمُهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمْ بِآيَةٍ،فَنَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ:إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: وَ مٰا مَنَعَنٰا أَنْ نُرْسِلَ بِالْآيٰاتِ إِلَى قَوْمِكَ إِلاّٰ أَنْ كَذَّبَ بِهَا الْأَوَّلُونَ وَ كُنَّا إِذَا أَرْسَلْنَا إِلَى قَرْيَةٍ آيَةً فَلَمْ يُؤْمِنُوا بِهَا أَهْلَكْنَاهُمْ،فَلِذَلِكَ أَخَّرْنَا عَنْ قَوْمِكَ الْآيَاتِ».

99-/6410 He said: And in the narration of Abu al-Jārūd, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, “And nothing could have hindered Us that We should send signs”: “That was because Muhammad (may Allah bless him and his family) was asked by his people to bring them a sign. So Jibrīl (peace be upon him) descended and said: ‘Surely Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: And nothing hindered Us from sending the signs to your people except that the ancients rejected them; and whenever We sent to a town a sign and they did not believe in it, We destroyed them; and for that reason We delayed the signs from your people.’”

قوله تعالى:

وَ مٰا جَعَلْنَا الرُّؤْيَا الَّتِي أَرَيْنٰاكَ إِلاّٰ فِتْنَةً لِلنّٰاسِ وَ الشَّجَرَةَ الْمَلْعُونَةَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ وَ نُخَوِّفُهُمْ فَمٰا يَزِيدُهُمْ إِلاّٰ طُغْيٰاناً كَبِيراً [60]

Quran 17:60 — And when We said to you: Surely your Lord encompasses men; and We did not make the vision which We showed you but a trial for men and the cursed tree in the Quran; and We cause them to fear, but it only adds to their great inordinacy. (M. H. Shakir)

/6411 _3- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ حَرِيزٍ،عَمَّنْ سَمِعَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: وَ مٰا جَعَلْنَا الرُّؤْيَا الَّتِي أَرَيْنٰاكَ إِلاّٰ فِتْنَةً لَهُمْ لِيَعْمَهُوا فِيهَا وَ الشَّجَرَةَ الْمَلْعُونَةَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ يَعْنِي بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ».

99-/6411 Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Ḥarīz, from someone who heard, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “And We did not make the vision which We showed you except as a trial for them, that they might wander blindly therein; and the cursed tree in the Quran—meaning Banū Umayyah.”

/6412 _4- عَلِيُّ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ،قَالَ:كُنْتُ بِمَكَّةَ فَقَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا مَعْرُوفُ بْنُ خَرَّبُوذَ،فَقَالَ:قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «إِنَّ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ لِعُمَرَ:يَا أَبَا حَفْصٍ،أَ لاَ أُخْبِرُكَ بِمَا نَزَلَ فِي بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ؟قَالَ:بَلَى.قَالَ:فَإِنَّهُ نَزَلَ فِيهِمْ وَ الشَّجَرَةَ الْمَلْعُونَةَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ فَغَضِبَ عُمَرُ وَ قَالَ:كَذَبْتَ،بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ خَيْرٌ مِنْكَ،وَ أَوْصَلُ لِلرَّحِمِ».

99-/6412 ‘Ali ibn Sa‘īd said: I was in Mecca when Ma‘rūf ibn Kharrabūdh arrived to us. He said: Abu ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) said to me: “Indeed ‘Ali (peace be upon him) said to ‘Umar: ‘O Abu Ḥafṣ, shall I not inform you of what was revealed regarding Banū Umayyah?’ He said: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘Indeed it was revealed about them: “and the cursed tree in the Quran.”’ So ‘Umar became angry and said: ‘You have lied! Banū Umayyah are better than you and more dutiful to kinship.’”

/6413 _5- عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ حُمْرَانَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،قَالُوا: سَأَلْنَاهُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ: وَ مٰا جَعَلْنَا الرُّؤْيَا الَّتِي أَرَيْنٰاكَ . قَالَ:«إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)رَأَى أَنَّ رِجَالاً عَلَى الْمَنَابِرِ،يَرُدُّونَ النَّاسَ ضُلاَّلاً:زُرَيْقٌ،وَ زُفَرُ».

99-/6413 From al-Ḥalabī, from Zurārah, Ḥumrān, and Muḥammad ibn Muslim, who said: We asked him about His saying, “And We did not make the vision which We showed you.” He said: “The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) saw that men were upon pulpits, turning people back in misguidance: Zurayq and Zufar.”

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:21. — Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:21.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:21. — Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:21.

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:93/297. — Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:93/297.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:94/297. — Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:94/297.

_5) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:95/297. — Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:95/297.