Taha Ayah 61

طه آيه 61

الْحَدِيثَ،وَ فِيهِ-إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَ خَلاَّقِينَ [1]،فَإِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ خَلْقاً أَمَرَهُمْ فَأَخَذُوا مِنَ التُّرْبَةِ الَّتِي قَالَ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ: مِنْهٰا خَلَقْنٰاكُمْ وَ فِيهٰا نُعِيدُكُمْ وَ مِنْهٰا نُخْرِجُكُمْ تٰارَةً أُخْرىٰ ،فَعَجَنُوا النُّطْفَةَ بِتِلْكَ التُّرْبَةِ الَّتِي يَخْلُقُ مِنْهَا، بَعْدَ أَنْ أَسْكَنَهَا الرَّحِمَ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً،فَإِذَا تَمَّتْ لَهَا أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ،قَالُوا:يَا رَبِّ،نَخْلُقُ مَاذَا؟فَيَأْمُرُهُمْ بِمَا يُرِيدُ،مِنْ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى،أَبْيَضَ أَوْ أَسْوَدَ،فَإِذَا خَرَجَتِ الرُّوحُ مِنَ الْبَدَنِ،خَرَجَتْ هَذِهِ النُّطْفَةُ بِعَيْنِهَا مِنْهُ،كَائِناً مَا كَانَ،صَغِيراً أَوْ كَبِيراً، ذَكَراً أَوْ أُنْثَى،فَلِذَلِكَ يُغَسَّلُ الْمَيِّتُ غُسْلَ الْجَنَابَةِ».

Translation: …and in it: Surely Allah, exalted, created creators; so when He intends to create a creature, He commands them, and they take from the earth of which Allah said in His Book: “From it We created you and into it We shall return you and from it will We bring you forth a second time” [Quran 20:55]. Then they knead the drop with that very earth from which He creates it, after He has lodged it in the womb for forty nights. When four months are complete for it, they say: O Lord, what shall we create? He then commands them with what He wills—male or female, white or black. When the soul departs from the body, that very drop comes out of it—whatever it may be, small or great, male or female. For that reason the dead person is washed with the ritual bath of janabah.

99-/7019 _1- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ، لِمَ يُغَسَّلُ غُسْلَ الْجَنَابَةِ؟ قَالَ:«إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَعْلَى وَ أَخْلَصُ مِنْ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ الْأَشْيَاءَ بِيَدِهِ،إِنَّ لِلَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى مَلَكَيْنِ خَلاَّقَيْنِ، فَإِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ خَلْقاً أَمَرَ أُولَئِكَ الْخَلاَّقِينَ فَأَخَذُوا مِنَ التُّرْبَةِ الَّتِي قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ: مِنْهٰا خَلَقْنٰاكُمْ وَ فِيهٰا نُعِيدُكُمْ وَ مِنْهٰا نُخْرِجُكُمْ تٰارَةً أُخْرىٰ ،فَعَجَنُوهَا بِالنُّطْفَةِ الْمُسْكَنَةِ فِي الرَّحِمِ،فَإِذَا عُجِنَتِ النُّطْفَةُ بِالتُّرْبَةِ، قَالاَ:يَا رَبِّ،مَا نَخْلُقُ؟-قَالَ-:فَيُوحِي اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِمَا مَا يُرِيدُ،ذَكَراً أَوْ أُنْثَى،مُؤْمِناً أَوْ كَافِراً،أَسْوَدَ أَوْ أَبْيَضَ، شَقِيّاً أَوْ سَعِيداً،فَإِذَا مَاتَ سَالَتْ عَنْهُ تِلْكَ النُّطْفَةُ بِعَيْنِهَا،لاَ غَيْرُهَا،فَمِنْ ثُمَّ صَارَ الْمَيِّتُ يُغَسَّلُ غُسْلَ الْجَنَابَةِ».

99-/7019 _1- Translation: Ibn Bābawayh said: Al-Ḥusayn b. Aḥmad (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated to me, from his father, who said: Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. ‘Īsā narrated to me, from Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Abī Naṣr, from ‘Abd al-Raḥmān b. Ḥammād, who said: I asked Abā Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him) about the deceased: why is he washed with the ritual bath of janabah? He said: “Allah, blessed and exalted, is too exalted and too pure to dispatch things by His own Hand. Indeed, Allah, blessed and exalted, has two creating angels. When He intends to create a creature, He commands those creators, and they take from the earth about which Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said in His Book: ‘From it We created you and into it We shall return you and from it will We bring you forth a second time’ [Quran 20:55]. They knead it with the drop that has been lodged in the womb. When the drop has been kneaded with the earth, they say: ‘O Lord, what shall we create?’—He said—then Allah, blessed and exalted, reveals to them what He wills: male or female, believer or unbeliever, black or white, wretched or felicitous. When he dies, that very drop drains from him—none other—hence the dead person is washed with the ritual bath of janabah.”

قوله تعالى:

فَيُسْحِتَكُمْ بِعَذٰابٍ [61]

99-/7020 _2-علي بن إبراهيم:أي يصيبكم [2].

99-/7020 _2- Translation: ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm: that is, He will afflict you [2].

Quran 20:61

Arabic: قَالَ لَهُمْ مُوسَىٰ وَيْلَكُمْ لَا تَفْتَرُوا عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبًا فَيُسْحِتَكُم بِعَذَابٍ وَقَدْ خَابَ مَنِ ٱفْتَرَىٰ

M. H. Shakir: Musa said to them: Woe to you! do not forge a lie against Allah, lest He destroy you by a chastisement, and he who forges a lie indeed fails to attain.

قوله تعالى:

فَأَوْجَسَ فِي نَفْسِهِ خِيفَةً مُوسىٰ* قُلْنٰا لاٰ تَخَفْ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْأَعْلىٰ [67 و 68]

99-/7021 _3- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ

99-/7021 _3- Translation: Ibn Bābawayh said: Muḥammad b. Mūsā b. al-Mutawakkil (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us, who said: Muḥammad b. Ja‘far narrated to us… [report continues].

Quran 20:67

Arabic: فَأَوْجَسَ فِي نَفْسِهِ خِيفَةً مُّوسَىٰ

M. H. Shakir: So he conceived in his mind a fear.

Quran 20:68

Arabic: قُلْنَا لَا تَخَفْ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ الْأَعْلَىٰ

M. H. Shakir: We said: Fear not, surely you shall be the uppermost.

Quran 20:55 (cited in the narrations above)

Arabic: مِنْهَا خَلَقْنَاكُمْ وَفِيهَا نُعِيدُكُمْ وَمِنْهَا نُخْرِجُكُمْ تَارَةً أُخْرَىٰ

M. H. Shakir: From it We created you and into it We shall send you back and from it will We raise you a second time.

الهوامش:

_1) - علل الشرائع:5/300.

Transliteration: ‘Ilal al-Sharā’i‘: 5/300.

_2) - تفسير القمّيّ(الطبعة الحجرية):268.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-Qummī (al-ṭab‘ah al-ḥajarīyah): 268.

_3) - الأمالي 2/521.

Transliteration: al-Amālī 2/521.

[1] خَلاَّقين:أي ملائكة خلاقين،و الخلق بمعنى التقدير.«مرآة العقول 13:345».

Transliteration: Khallāqīn: ayy malā’ikah khallāqīn, wa’l-khalq bi-ma‘nā al-taqdīr. «Mir’āt al-‘Uqūl 13:345».

[2] في«ط»نسخة بدل:يفنيكم.

Transliteration: fī “Ṭ” nuskhah badal: yufniyakum.