Taha Ayah 39

مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: «كَانَ مُوسَى شَدِيدَ السُّمْرَةِ، فَأَخْرَجَ يَدَهُ مِنْ جَيْبِهِ، فَأَضَاءَتْ لَهُ الدُّنْيَا».

He [Muslim] narrates from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “Moses was intensely dark-skinned. He brought out his hand from his bosom, and the world shone for him.”

قوله تعالى:

قٰالَ رَبِّ اشْرَحْ لِي صَدْرِي وَ يَسِّرْ لِي أَمْرِي وَ احْلُلْ عُقْدَةً مِنْ لِسٰانِي -إلى قوله تعالى- إِنَّكَ كُنْتَ بِنٰا بَصِيراً [25-35]

Quran 20:25-35 (M. H. Shakir):

He said: O my Lord! Expand my breast for me,

And make my affair easy to me,

And loose the knot from my tongue,

(That) they may understand my word;

And give to me an aider from my family:

Haroun, my brother,

Strengthen my back by him,

And associate him (with me) in my affair,

So that we should glorify Thee much,

And remember Thee oft.

Surely, Thou art seeing us.

99-/7007 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْخَثْعَمِيُّ، عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ [1] بْنِ حَارِثٍ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ حُصَيْنٍ [2] التَّغْلِبِيِّ [3]، عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ عُمَيْسٍ، قَالَتْ:

رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) بِإِزَاءِ ثَبِيرٍ [4]، وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ: «أَشْرِقْ ثَبِيرُ أَشْرِقْ ثَبِيرُ، اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ مَا سَأَلَكَ أَخِي مُوسَى، أَنْ تَشْرَحَ لِي صَدْرِي، وَ أَنْ تُيَسِّرَ لِي أَمْرِي، وَ أَنْ تُحَلِّلَ عُقْدَةً مِنْ لِسَانِي يَفْقَهُوا قَوْلِي، وَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِي وَزِيراً مِنْ أَهْلِي عَلِيّاً أَخِي، اشْدُدْ بِهِ أَزْرِي، وَ أَشْرِكْهُ فِي أَمْرِي، كَيْ نُسَبِّحَكَ كَثِيراً، وَ نَذْكُرَكَ كَثِيراً، إِنَّكَ كُنْتَ بِنَا بَصِيراً».

99-/7007: Muhammad ibn al-‘Abbas said: Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Khath‘ami narrated to us, from ‘Abbad ibn Ya‘qub, from ‘Ali ibn Hashim, from ‘Umar [1] ibn Harith, from ‘Imran ibn Sulayman, from Husayn [2] al-Taghlibi [3], from Asma’ bint ‘Umays, who said: I saw the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) opposite Thabir [4], saying: “Shine, O Thabir! Shine, O Thabir! O Allah, I ask You for what my brother Moses asked of You: that You expand my breast for me, that You make my affair easy for me, and that You loosen a knot from my tongue so that they may understand my speech; and that You appoint for me, from my family, a minister—‘Ali, my brother—strengthen my back by him and associate him in my affair, so that we may glorify You much and remember You much. Surely, You have ever been Seeing of us.”

99-/7008 _2- وَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ الْمُخَالِفِينَ: مَا رَوَاهُ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ الْحَافِظُ، بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ رِجَالِهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: أَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) بِيَدِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ بِيَدِي وَ نَحْنُ بِمَكَّةَ وَ صَلَّى أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ، ثُمَّ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ، وَ قَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ، إِنَّ نَبِيَّكَ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ سَأَلَكَ، فَقَالَ: رَبِّ اشْرَحْ لِي صَدْرِي وَ يَسِّرْ لِي أَمْرِي الْآيَةَ، وَ أَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ نَبِيُّكَ أَسْأَلُكَ، رَبِّ اشْرَحْ لِي صَدْرِي، وَ يَسِّرْ لِي أَمْرِي، وَ احْلُلْ عُقْدَةً مِنْ لِسَانِي يَفْقَهُوا قَوْلِي، وَ اجْعَلْ لِي وَزِيراً مِنْ أَهْلِي، عَلِيّاً أَخِي، اشْدُدْ بِهِ أَزْرِي، وَ أَشْرِكْهُ فِي أَمْرِي». قال ابن عبّاس: فسمعت مناديا ينادي: يا أحمد، قد أوتيتَ ما سألتَ.

99-/7008: And from the path of the opponents: Abu Nu‘aym the Hafiz narrated, with his isnad from his men, from Ibn ‘Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) took the hand of ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) and my hand when we were in Mecca and he prayed four rak‘ahs, then he raised his hands to the sky and said: “O Allah, Your prophet Moses son of ‘Imran asked You and said, ‘O my Lord! Expand my breast for me and make my affair easy for me…’ [the verse]; and I, Muhammad, Your prophet, ask You: O my Lord! Expand my breast for me, and make my affair easy for me, and loose the knot from my tongue so that they may understand my speech, and appoint for me, from my family, a minister—‘Ali, my brother—strengthen my back by him and associate him in my affair.” Ibn ‘Abbas said: I heard a caller call out: “O Ahmad, you have been granted what you asked.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ أَلْقَيْتُ عَلَيْكَ مَحَبَّةً مِنِّي [39]

Quran 20:39 (M. H. Shakir):

And I cast down upon you love from Me, and that you might be brought up before My eyes.

99-/7009 _3- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) عَنْ قَوْلِهِ: فٰالِقُ الْحَبِّ وَ النَّوىٰ [5].

99-/7009: Al-‘Ayyashi, from al-Mufaddal, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about His saying: “Splitter of the grain and the date-stone” [5].

قَالَ: «الْحَبُّ: اَلْمُؤْمِنُ، وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى وَ أَلْقَيْتُ عَلَيْكَ مَحَبَّةً مِنِّي وَ النَّوَى هُوَ الْكَافِرُ الَّذِي نَأَى عَنِ الْحَقِّ، فَلَمْ يَقْبَلْهُ».

He said: “The ‘grain’ is the believer—and that is His saying, ‘And I cast down upon you love from Me’—and the ‘date-stone’ is the unbeliever who distances himself from the truth and does not accept it.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ فَتَنّٰاكَ فُتُوناً -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ لاٰ تَنِيٰا فِي ذِكْرِي [40-42]

Quran 20:40-42 (M. H. Shakir):

When your sister went and said: Shall I direct you to one who will take charge of him? So We restored you to your mother that she might be comforted and she should not grieve; and you killed a man, then We delivered you from grief and tried you with (many) trials; then you stayed for years among the people of Madyan; then you came hither as ordained, O Musa.

And I have chosen you for Myself.

Go you and your brother with My communications and be not remiss in remembering Me;

99-/7010 _1- علي بن إبراهيم: وَ فَتَنّٰاكَ فُتُوناً أي اختبرناك اختبارا، قوله تعالى: فَلَبِثْتَ سِنِينَ فِي أَهْلِ مَدْيَنَ يعني عند شعيب، و قوله تعالى: وَ اصْطَنَعْتُكَ لِنَفْسِي أي اخترتك، و قوله: اِذْهَبْ أَنْتَ وَ أَخُوكَ بِآيٰاتِي وَ لاٰ تَنِيٰا فِي ذِكْرِي أي لا تضعفا.

99-/7010: ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim: “And We tried you with many trials” means We tested you with a test. His saying, “So you stayed for years among the people of Midian,” means with Shu‘ayb. And His saying, “And I have chosen you for Myself,” means I have selected you. And His saying, “Go, you and your brother, with My signs, and be not remiss in remembering Me,” means do not weaken.

قوله تعالى:

اِذْهَبٰا إِلىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغىٰ فَقُولاٰ لَهُ قَوْلاً لَيِّناً لَعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشىٰ [43 و 44]

Quran 20:43-44 (M. H. Shakir):

Go both to Firon, surely he has become inordinate;

Then speak to him a gentle word haply he may mind or fear.

99-/7011 _2- الشَّيْخُ فِي(التَّهْذِيبِ): بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى، عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي شَيْخٌ مِنْ وُلْدِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ، وَ كَانَ مَعَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي حُرُوبِهِ، أَنَّ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) قَالَ يَوْمَ الْتَقَى هُوَ وَ مُعَاوِيَةُ بِصِفِّينَ، وَ رَفَعَ بِهَا صَوْتَهُ يُسْمِعُ أَصْحَابَهُ: «وَ اللَّهِ، لَأَقْتُلَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ وَ أَصْحَابَهُ»، ثُمَّ قَالَ فِي آخِرِ قَوْلِهِ: «إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى» خَفَضَ بِهَا صَوْتَهُ، وَ كُنْتُ قَرِيباً مِنْهُ. فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، إِنَّكَ حَلَفْتَ عَلَى مَا قُلْتَ ثُمَّ اسْتَثْنَيْتَ، فَمَا أَرَدْتَ بِذَلِكَ؟ فَقَالَ: «إِنَّ الْحَرْبَ خُدْعَةٌ، وَ أَنَا عِنْدَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ غَيْرُ كَذُوبٍ، فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ أُحَرِّضَ أَصْحَابِي عَلَيْهِمْ، لِئَلاَّ يَفْشَلُوا وَ لِكَيْ يَطْمَعُوا فِيهِمْ، فَافْهَمْ فَإِنَّكَ تَنْتَفِعُ بِهَا بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ، وَ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَالَ لِمُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، حِينَ أَرْسَلَهُ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ: فَأْتِيَاهُ فَقُولاٰ لَهُ قَوْلاً لَيِّناً لَعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشىٰ وَ قَدْ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ لاَ يَتَذَكَّرُ وَ لاَ يَخْشَى، وَ لَكِنْ لِيَكُونَ ذَلِكَ أَحْرَصَ لِمُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) عَلَى الذَّهَابِ». وَ رَوَاهُ الْكُلَيْنِيُّ: عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى آخِرِهِ، وَ فِيهِ بَعْضُ التَّغْيِيرِ

99-/7011: The Shaykh in al-Tahdhib, with his isnad from Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Yahya, from Harun ibn Muslim, from Mas‘adah ibn Sadaqah, who said: A shaykh from the descendants of ‘Adi ibn Hatim narrated to me, from his father, from his grandfather ‘Adi ibn Hatim—who was with ‘Ali (peace be upon him) in his wars—that ‘Ali (peace be upon him) said on the day he and Mu‘awiyah met at Siffin, and he raised his voice so his companions would hear: “By Allah, I will surely kill Mu‘awiyah and his followers.” Then at the end of his statement he said, “If Allah, the Exalted, wills,” lowering his voice—and I was near him. I said, “O Commander of the Faithful, you swore about what you said, then you made an exception; what did you intend by that?” He said: “War is stratagem, and I am not a liar in the sight of the believers. I wanted to incite my companions against them so they would not falter and so they would aspire to overcome them. Understand this, for you will benefit from it after today, if Allah wills. And know that Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said to Moses (peace be upon him) when He sent him to Pharaoh: ‘Then go to him and speak to him a gentle word, haply he may mind or fear,’ while He knew that he would neither take heed nor fear, but so that this would make Moses (peace be upon him) more eager to go.” Al-Kulayni also narrated it from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from Harun ibn Muslim, and he transmitted the hadith to its end, with some variation.

الهوامش والمراجع:

_1) -تأويل الآيات 1:2/310، شواهد التنزيل 1:511/369-513، ترجمة الإمام عليّ(عليه السّلام) من تاريخ ابن عساكر 1:147/120.

Ta’wil al-Ayat 1:2/310; Shawahid al-Tanzil 1:511/369-513; Tarjamat al-Imam ‘Ali (alayhi al-salam) min Tarikh Ibn ‘Asakir 1:147/120.

_2) -النور المشتعل: 37/138.

al-Nur al-Mushta‘il: 37/138.

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:65/37.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:65/37.

[1] في المصدر: عمرو.

fi al-masdar: ‘Amr.

[2] في «ط» نسخة بدل: حفص.

fi “T” nuskha badal: Hafs.

[3] في «ج،ط»: الثعلبي.

fi “J, T”: al-Tha‘labī.

[4] ثبير: جبل بمكّة. «الصحاح-ثبر-2:604».

Thabir: jabal bi-Makkah. “al-Sihah – Thabar – 2:604.”

[5] الأنعام 6:95.

al-An‘am 6:95.

المراجع التالية:

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:60.

Tafsir al-Qummi 2:60.

_2) -التهذيب 6:299/163.

al-Tahdhib 6:299/163.