Yunus Ayah 87

أَحَبَّ مِمَّا أَحَبَّ،وَ كَانَ مَا أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَخْلُقَهُ مِنْ طِينَةٍ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ،وَ خَلَقَ مَنْ أَبْغَضَ،مِمَّا أَبْغَضَ،وَ كَانَ مَا أَبْغَضَ أَنْ خَلَقَهُ مِنْ طِينَةٍ مِنَ النَّارِ،ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُمْ فِي الظِّلاَلِ». فَقُلْتُ:وَ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ الظِّلاَلُ؟فَقَالَ:«أَ مَا تَرَى ظِلَّكَ فِي الشَّمْسِ شَيْئاً وَ لَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ؟ثُمَّ بَعَثَ فِيهِمُ النَّبِيِّينَ يَدْعُونَهُمْ إِلَى الْإِقْرَارِ بِاللَّهِ،فَأَقَرَّ بَعْضٌ وَ أَنْكَرَ بَعْضٌ،ثُمَّ دَعَوْهُمْ إِلَى وَلاَيَتِنَا،فَأَقَرَّ بِهَا-وَ اللَّهِ-مَنْ أَحَبَّ،وَ أَنْكَرَهَا مَنْ أَبْغَضَ،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ: فَمٰا كٰانُوا لِيُؤْمِنُوا بِمٰا كَذَّبُوا بِهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ ».ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«كَانَ التَّكْذِيبُ ثَمَّ».

He loved from what He loved, and what He loved was to create those He loved from a clay of Paradise; and He created those whom He abhorred from what He abhorred, and what He abhorred was that He created them from a clay of the Fire; then He sent them forth in the shadows. I said, “What are the shadows?” He said, “Do you not see your shadow in the sun—something and yet not a thing?” Then He sent among them the prophets, calling them to acknowledge Allah; some acknowledged and some denied. Then they called them to our guardianship; by Allah, whoever was loved acknowledged it, and whoever was abhorred denied it. And that is His saying: “So they were not going to believe in what they had rejected before.” Then Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: “The denial was there [in that pre-world state].”

قوله تعالى:

وَ قٰالَ مُوسىٰ يٰا قَوْمِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ آمَنْتُمْ بِاللّٰهِ فَعَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلُوا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُسْلِمِينَ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ نَجِّنٰا بِرَحْمَتِكَ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الْكٰافِرِينَ [84-86]

(Qur’an 10:84-86, M. H. Shakir) And Musa said: O my people! if you believe in Allah, then rely on Him (alone) if you submit (to Allah). So they said: On Allah we rely: O our Lord! make us not a trial for the unjust people. And do Thou deliver us by Thy mercy from the unbelieving people.

99-/4945 _1- قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ قٰالَ مُوسىٰ يٰا قَوْمِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ آمَنْتُمْ بِاللّٰهِ فَعَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلُوا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُسْلِمِينَ* فَقٰالُوا عَلَى اللّٰهِ تَوَكَّلْنٰا رَبَّنٰا لاٰ تَجْعَلْنٰا فِتْنَةً لِلْقَوْمِ الظّٰالِمِينَ :«فَإِنَّ قَوْمَ مُوسَى اسْتَعْبَدَهُمْ آلُ فِرْعَوْنَ،وَ قَالُوا:لَوْ كَانَ لِهَؤُلاَءِ عَلَى اللَّهِ كَرَامَةٌ كَمَا يَقُولُونَ مَا سَلَّطَنَا عَلَيْهِمْ.فَقَالَ مُوسَى لِقَوْمِهِ: يٰا قَوْمِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ آمَنْتُمْ بِاللّٰهِ فَعَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلُوا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُسْلِمِينَ* فَقٰالُوا عَلَى اللّٰهِ تَوَكَّلْنٰا رَبَّنٰا لاٰ تَجْعَلْنٰا فِتْنَةً لِلْقَوْمِ الظّٰالِمِينَ* وَ نَجِّنٰا بِرَحْمَتِكَ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الْكٰافِرِينَ ».

99-/4945) ‘Ali b. Ibrāhīm said: In the narration of Abū al-Jārūd from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, “And Musa said: O my people! if you believe in Allah, then rely on Him if you are those who submit. They said: On Allah we rely. Our Lord, do not make us a trial for the wrongdoing people”: The people of Musa were enslaved by the family of Pharaoh, who said, “If these had any honor with Allah as they claim, we would not have been given power over them.” So Musa said to his people, “O my people, if you believe in Allah, then rely on Him if you submit.” They said, “On Allah we rely. Our Lord, do not make us a trial for the wrongdoing people, and deliver us by Your mercy from the unbelieving people.”

99-/4946 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ حُمْرَانَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) ،عَنْ قَوْلِهِ:

رَبَّنٰا لاٰ تَجْعَلْنٰا فِتْنَةً لِلْقَوْمِ الظّٰالِمِينَ ،قَالَ:«لاَ تُسَلِّطْهُمْ عَلَيْنَا فَتَفْتِنَهُمْ بِنَا».

99-/4946) Al-‘Ayyāshī, from Zurārah, Humrān, and Muḥammad b. Muslim, from Abū Ja‘far and Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon them), regarding “Our Lord, do not make us a trial for the wrongdoing people”: “Do not give them power over us lest they be tempted through us.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ أَوْحَيْنٰا إِلىٰ مُوسىٰ وَ أَخِيهِ أَنْ تَبَوَّءٰا لِقَوْمِكُمٰا بِمِصْرَ بُيُوتاً وَ اجْعَلُوا بُيُوتَكُمْ قِبْلَةً وَ أَقِيمُوا الصَّلاٰةَ [87]

(Qur’an 10:87, M. H. Shakir) And We revealed to Musa and his brother: Provide houses for your people in Egypt and make your houses places of worship, and keep up prayer and give good news to the believers.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:314.

_1) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:314.

_2) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:38/127.

_2) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:38/127.

[1] (من)ليس في المصدر.

[2] في المصدر زيادة:اللّه.

99-/4947 _1-علي بن إبراهيم،في قوله تعالى: وَ اجْعَلُوا بُيُوتَكُمْ قِبْلَةً ،قال:يعني بيت المقدس.

99-/4947) ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm, on His saying “and make your houses qibla”: it means Bayt al-Maqdis (Jerusalem).

99-/4948 _2- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ،عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْأَحْوَلِ،عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ،عَنْ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لَمَّا خَافَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ جَبَابِرَتَهَا،أَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى مُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) أَنْ تَبَوَّءٰا لِقَوْمِكُمٰا بِمِصْرَ بُيُوتاً وَ اجْعَلُوا بُيُوتَكُمْ قِبْلَةً -قَالَ -أُمِرُوا أَنْ يُصَلُّوا فِي بُيُوتِهِمْ».

99-/4948) And from him: He said, Muḥammad b. Ja‘far narrated to us, Ja‘far b. Muḥammad b. Mālik from ‘Abbād b. Ya‘qūb, from Muḥammad b. Ya‘qūb, from Abū Ja‘far al-Aḥwal, from Manṣūr, from Abū Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him), who said: “When the Children of Israel feared their tyrants, Allah revealed to Musa and Harun (peace be upon them), ‘Provide houses for your people in Egypt and make your houses qibla’—that is, they were commanded to pray in their houses.”

99-/4949 _3- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ شَاذَوَيْهِ الْمُؤَدِّبُ وَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْرُورٍ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا)،قَالاَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ الرَّيَّانِ بْنِ الصَّلْتِ،قَالَ: حَضَرَ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مَجْلِسَ الْمَأْمُونِ،وَ قَدِ اجْتَمَعَ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ الْعُلَمَاءِ وَ الْفُقَهَاءِ وَ الْمُتَكَلِّمِينَ،فَسَأَلَتْهُ الْعُلَمَاءُ عَنِ الْفَرْقِ بَيْنَ الْعِتْرَةِ وَ الْأُمَّةِ وَ شَرَفِ الْعِتْرَةِ،وَ ذَكَرَ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ مَوْطِناً فِي تَفْسِيرِ الاِصْطِفَاءِ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ-إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ:-«وَ أَخْرَجَ مُحَمَّدٌ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)النَّاسَ مِنْ مَسْجِدِهِ مَا خَلاَ الْعِتْرَةَ حَتَّى تَكَلَّمَ النَّاسُ فِي ذَلِكَ،وَ تَكَلَّمَ الْعَبَّاسُ، فَقَالَ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،لِمَ تَرَكْتَ عَلِيّاً وَ أَخْرَجْتَنَا؟فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):مَا أَنَا تَرَكْتُهُ وَ أَخْرَجْتُكُمْ،وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ تَرَكَهُ وَ أَخْرَجَكُمْ،وَ فِي هَذَا تِبْيَانُ قَوْلِهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)لِعَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):أَنْتَ مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى».

قَالَتِ الْعُلَمَاءُ:وَ أَيْنَ هَذَا مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ؟قَالَ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«أُوجِدُكُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ قُرْآناً وَ أَقْرَؤُهُ عَلَيْكُمْ؟»قَالُوا:

هَاتِ.قَالَ:«قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ أَوْحَيْنٰا إِلىٰ مُوسىٰ وَ أَخِيهِ أَنْ تَبَوَّءٰا لِقَوْمِكُمٰا بِمِصْرَ بُيُوتاً وَ اجْعَلُوا بُيُوتَكُمْ قِبْلَةً فَفِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ مَنْزِلَةُ هَارُونَ مِنْ مُوسَى،وَ فِيهَا أَيْضاً مَنْزِلَةُ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ مَعَ هَذَا دَلِيلٌ ظَاهِرٌ فِي قَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)حِينَ قَالَ:أَلاَ إِنَّ هَذَا الْمَسْجِدَ لاَ يَحِلُّ لِجُنُبٍ إِلاَّ لِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ».

قَالَتِ الْعُلَمَاءُ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ،هَذَا الشَّرْحُ وَ هَذَا الْبَيَانُ لاَ يُوجَدُ إِلاَّ عِنْدَكُمْ مَعْشَرَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ).فَقَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«وَ مَنْ يُنْكِرُ لَنَا ذَلِكَ،وَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ:أَنَا مَدِينَةُ الْعِلْمِ وَ عَلِيٌّ بَابُهَا،فَمَنْ أَرَادَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَلْيَأْتِهَا مِنْ بَابِهَا؟وَ فِيمَا أَوْضَحْنَا وَ شَرَحْنَا مِنَ الْفَضْلِ وَ الشَّرَفِ وَ التَّقْدِمَةِ وَ الاِصْطِفَاءِ وَ الطَّهَارَةِ،مَا لاَ يُنْكِرُهُ إِلاَّ مُعَانِدٌ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ».

99-/4949) Ibn Bābawayh said: ‘Alī b. al-Ḥusayn b. Shādhawayh al-Mu’addib and Ja‘far b. Muḥammad b. Masrūr (may Allah be pleased with them) said: Muḥammad b. ‘Abd Allāh b. Ja‘far al-Ḥimyarī narrated to us, from his father, from al-Rayyān b. al-Ṣalt: Al-Riḍā (peace be upon him) attended al-Ma’mūn’s assembly, in which a group of scholars, jurists, and theologians had gathered. The scholars asked him about the distinction between the ‘itra and the umma and the dignity of the ‘itra; he mentioned twelve loci in the Qur’an explaining “election.” He said: “Muḥammad (Allah bless him and his family) expelled the people from his mosque except the ‘itra, until people spoke about that, and al-‘Abbās spoke, saying: ‘O Messenger of Allah, why did you leave ‘Alī and expel us?’ The Messenger of Allah said: ‘It was not I who left him and expelled you; rather, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, left him and expelled you.’ And herein is the elucidation of his saying to ‘Alī: ‘You are to me as Hārūn was to Mūsā.’” The scholars said: “Where is this in the Qur’an?” Al-Riḍā (peace be upon him) said: “Shall I produce it for you from the Qur’an and recite it to you?” They said: “Bring it.” He said: “The saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: ‘And We revealed to Musa and his brother: Provide houses for your people in Egypt and make your houses qibla.’ In this verse is the station of Hārūn with respect to Mūsā, and in it also is the station of ‘Alī (peace be upon him) with respect to the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family). Together with this is an evident proof in the saying of the Messenger of Allah: ‘Behold, this mosque is not lawful for one in a state of janāba except for Muḥammad and his family.’” The scholars said: “O Abā al-Ḥasan, such exposition and clarification is found only with you, the Household of the Messenger of Allah.” He (peace be upon him) said: “And who would deny that for us, when the Messenger of Allah says: ‘I am the city of knowledge, and ‘Alī is its gate; so whoever desires the city, let him come to it by its gate’? And in what we have elucidated and explained of merit, nobility, precedence, election, and purity is that which none denies except one stubborn toward Allah, Mighty and Majestic.”

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:314.

_1) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:314.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:314.

_2) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:314.

_3) -عيون أخبار الرّضا(عليه السّلام)1:1/232.

_3) -‘Uyūn Akhbār al-Riḍā 1:1/232.

[1] في المصدر زيادة:بمرو.

[2] في المصدر:جماعة من علماء أهل العراق و خراسان.

[3] في المصدر:واضح.

99-/4950 _4- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ أَبِي رَافِعٍ،قَالَ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)خَطَبَ النَّاسَ،فَقَالَ:«أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَمَرَ مُوسَى وَ هَارُونَ أَنْ يَبْنِيَا لِقَوْمِهِمَا بِمِصْرَ بُيُوتاً،وَ أَمَرَهُمَا أَنْ لاَ يَبِيتَ فِي مَسْجِدِهِمَا جُنُبٌ،وَ لاَ يَقْرَبَ فِيهِ النِّسَاءَ إِلاَّ هَارُونُ وَ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ،وَ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ وَ ذُرِّيَّتِهِ مِنْ مُوسَى،فَلاَ يَحِلُّ لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَقْرَبَ النِّسَاءَ فِي مَسْجِدِي،وَ لاَ يَبِيتَ فِيهِ جُنُبٌ إِلاَّ عَلِيٌّ وَ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ،فَمَنْ سَاءَهُ ذَلِكَ فَهَاهُنَا».وَ أَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ نَحْوَ الشَّامِ.

99-/4950) Al-‘Ayyāshī, from Abū Rāfi‘: The Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family) addressed the people, saying: “O people, Allah commanded Mūsā and Hārūn to build for their people houses in Egypt, and He commanded them that no one in a state of janāba should spend the night in their mosque, and that none should approach women therein except Hārūn and his progeny. And ‘Alī is to me as Hārūn and his progeny were to Mūsā; thus it is not lawful for anyone to approach women in my mosque, nor for a person in janāba to spend the night therein, except ‘Alī and his progeny. Whoever is displeased by that—there is the way,” and he gestured with his hand toward al-Shām.

99-/4951 _5- وَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ الْمُخَالِفِينَ:مَا رَوَاهُ ابْنُ الْمَغَازِلِيِّ الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي(الْمَنَاقِبِ):يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ أَسِيدٍ الْغِفَارِيِّ،قَالَ: لَمَّا قَدِمَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)الْمَدِينَةَ،لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ بُيُوتٌ يَبِيتُونَ فِيهَا،فَكَانُوا يَبِيتُونَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَيَحْتَلِمُونَ،فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):«لاَ تَبِيتُوا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ،فَتَحْتَلِمُوا».ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ بَنَوْا بُيُوتاً حَوْلَ الْمَسْجِدِ،وَ جَعَلُوا أَبْوَابَهَا إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ،وَ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ،فَنَادَى أَبَا بَكْرٍ، فَقَالَ:إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَأْمُرُكَ أَنْ تُسَدَّ بَابَكَ الَّذِي فِي الْمَسْجِدِ،وَ تَخْرُجَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ.فَقَالَ:سَمْعاً وَ طَاعَةً،فَسَدَّ بَابَهُ وَ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ؛ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى عُمَرَ،فَقَالَ:إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)يَأْمُرُكَ أَنْ تُسَدَّ بَابَكَ الَّذِي فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَ تَخْرُجَ مِنْهُ،فَقَالَ:سَمْعاً وَ طَاعَةً لِلَّهِ وَ لِرَسُولِهِ،غَيْرَ أَنِّي رَاغِبٌ إِلَى اللَّهِ فِي خُوخَةٍ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ.فَأَبْلَغَهُ مُعَاذٌ مَا قَالَ عُمَرُ،ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ وَ عِنْدَهُ رُقَيَّةُ،فَقَالَ:سَمْعاً وَ طَاعَةً،فَسَدَّ بَابَهُ،وَ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ،ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى حَمْزَةَ فَسَدَّ بَابَهُ،وَ قَالَ:سَمْعاً وَ طَاعَةً لِلَّهِ وَ لِرَسُولِهِ.وَ عَلِيٌّ فِي ذَلِكَ مُتَرَدِّدٌ،لاَ يَدْرِي أَ هُوَ فِيمَنْ يُقِيمُ أَوْ فِيمَنْ يَخْرُجُ،وَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)قَدْ بَنَى لَهُ بَيْتاً فِي الْمَسْجِدِ بَيْنَ أَبْيَاتِهِ،فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):«اسْكُنْ طَاهِراً مُطَهَّراً».

فَبَلَغَ حَمْزَةَ قَوْلُ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)لِعَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ:يَا مُحَمَّدُ،تُخْرِجُنَا وَ تُمْسِكُ غِلْمَانَ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ!فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):«لَوْ كَانَ الْأَمْرُ إِلَيَّ مَا جَعَلْتُ دُونَكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ،وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ،وَ إِنَّكَ لَعَلَى خَيْرٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ،أَبْشِرْ»بَشَّرَهُ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فَقُتِلَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ شَهِيداً.

وَ نَفِسَ ذَلِكَ رِجَالٌ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَوَجَدُوا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ،وَ تَبَيَّنَ فَضْلُهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ عَلَى غَيْرِهِمْ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَقَامَ خَطِيباً،فَقَالَ:«إِنَّ رِجَالاً يَجِدُونَ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ فِي أَنِّي أَسْكَنْتَ عَلِيّاً فِي الْمَسْجِدِ،وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَخْرَجْتُهُمْ وَ لاَ أَسْكَنْتُهُ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَوْحَى إِلَى مُوسَى وَ أَخِيهِ: أَنْ تَبَوَّءٰا لِقَوْمِكُمٰا بِمِصْرَ بُيُوتاً وَ اجْعَلُوا بُيُوتَكُمْ قِبْلَةً وَ أَقِيمُوا الصَّلاٰةَ وَ أَمَرَ مُوسَى أَنْ لاَ يُسْكِنَ مَسْجِدَهُ وَ لاَ يَنْكِحَ فِيهِ وَ لاَ يَدْخُلَهُ جُنُبٌ إِلاَّ هَارُونُ وَ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ،وَ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً مِنِّي بِمَنْزِلَةِ هَارُونَ وَ مُوسَى،وَ هُوَ أَخِي دُونَ أَهْلِي،وَ لاَ يَحِلُّ

99-/4951) And from the route of the opponents: what Ibn al-Maghāzilī al-Shāfi‘ī narrated in al-Manāqib, raising it to Ḥudhayfa b. Asīd al-Ghifārī: When the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family) came to Medina they had no houses to sleep in, so they would sleep in the mosque and experience nocturnal emission. The Messenger of Allah said to them: “Do not sleep in the mosque lest you become in that state.” Then the people built houses around the mosque and made their doors open into it. The Prophet sent Mu‘ādh b. Jabal to them; he called Abū Bakr and said: “The Messenger of Allah commands you to close your door which opens into the mosque and to leave the mosque.” He said: “Hearing and obedience,” and he closed his door and left. Then he sent to ‘Umar and said: “The Messenger of Allah commands you to close your door which is in the mosque and leave it.” He said: “Hearing and obedience to Allah and His Messenger, except that I ask Allah for a small postern in the mosque.” Mu‘ādh conveyed to him what ‘Umar said. Then he sent to ‘Uthmān (while Ruqayya was with him); he said, “Hearing and obedience,” and he closed his door and left the mosque. Then he sent to Ḥamza; he closed his door and said, “Hearing and obedience to Allah and His Messenger.” ‘Alī, in the meantime, was uncertain—did he remain among those who stayed or among those who left? The Prophet had built for him a house in the mosque among his apartments, and the Prophet said to him: “Dwell therein, pure and purified.” Ḥamza heard what the Prophet said to ‘Alī and said: “O Muḥammad, you drive us out and keep the lads of Banū ‘Abd al-Muṭṭalib!” The Prophet said: “Had the matter been up to me, I would not have preferred anyone over you; by Allah, none granted him this but Allah. You are upon goodness from Allah and His Messenger—rejoice.” The Prophet gave him good news, and he was martyred on the day of Uḥud. Men envied ‘Alī (peace be upon him) on account of that, and they harbored resentment, and his virtue over them and over others of the Companions became manifest. This reached the Prophet, so he stood and addressed them, saying: “Some men harbor resentment because I housed ‘Alī in the mosque. By Allah, I did not expel them nor house him; rather, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, revealed to Mūsā and his brother: ‘Provide houses for your people in Egypt and make your houses qibla and establish prayer,’ and He commanded Mūsā that none should dwell in his mosque, marry therein, or enter it in a state of janāba except Hārūn and his progeny. And ‘Alī is to me as Hārūn was to Mūsā; he is my brother apart from my family; and it is not lawful…

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:39/127.

_4) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:39/127.

_5) -مناقب عليّ بن أبي طالب(عليه السّلام):303/254.

_5) -Manāqib ‘Alī b. Abī Ṭālib: 303/254.

[1] في«ط»:إنّ اللّه تبارك و تعالى.

[2] في«ط»:فرجة،و الخوخة:باب صغير كالنافذة الكبيرة،و تكون بين بيتين ينصب عليها باب.«النهاية 2:86».

[3] في المصدر:و عليّ على ذلك يتردّد.

[4] نفس الشيء على فلان،حسده عليه و لم يره أهلا له.

[5] وجدوا:غضبوا أو حزنوا.

مَسْجِدِي لِأَحَدٍ يَنْكِحُ فِيهِ النِّسَاءَ إِلاَّ عَلِيٌّ وَ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ،فَمَنْ سَاءَهُ فَهَاهُنَا»وَ أَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ نَحْوَ الشَّامِ.

…for anyone to marry women in my mosque except ‘Alī and his progeny. Whoever is displeased—there is the way,” and he gestured with his hand toward al-Shām.

99-/4952 _6- وَ مِنْ(مَنَاقِبِ ابْنِ الْمَغَازِلِيِّ الشَّافِعِيِّ)أَيْضاً:يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى عَدِيِّ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ،قَالَ: خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ،فَقَالَ:«إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَوْحَى إِلَى نَبِيِّهِ مُوسَى أَنِ ابْنِ لِي مَسْجِداً طَاهِراً لاَ يَسْكُنُهُ إِلاَّ أَنْتَ وَ هَارُونُ وَ ابْنَا هَارُونَ،وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَوْحَى إِلَيَّ أَنْ أَبْنِيَ مَسْجِداً طَاهِراً لاَ يَسْكُنُهُ إِلاَّ أَنَا وَ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ ابْنَا عَلِيٍّ».

99-/4952) And in (Manāqib Ibn al-Maghāzilī al-Shāfi‘ī) also, raising it to ‘Adiyy b. Thābit: The Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family) came out to the mosque and said: “Allah revealed to His prophet Mūsā: ‘Build for Me a pure mosque that none shall inhabit except you, Hārūn, and the two sons of Hārūn.’ And Allah revealed to me that I should build a pure mosque that none shall inhabit except me, ‘Alī, Fāṭima, and the two sons of ‘Alī.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ قٰالَ مُوسىٰ رَبَّنٰا إِنَّكَ -إلى قوله تعالى- سَبِيلَ الَّذِينَ لاٰ يَعْلَمُونَ [88-89]

(Qur’an 10:88-89, M. H. Shakir) And Musa said: Our Lord! surely Thou hast given to Firon and his chiefs finery and riches in this world's life, our Lord! that they may lead (people) astray from Thy way: our Lord! destroy their wealth and harden their hearts so that they do not believe until they see the painful punishment. He said: Your prayer is accepted; therefore continue in the right way and do not follow the path of those who do not know.

99-/4953 _1-و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم،في قوله تعالى: وَ قٰالَ مُوسىٰ رَبَّنٰا إِنَّكَ آتَيْتَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَ مَلَأَهُ زِينَةً أي ملكا وَ أَمْوٰالاً فِي الْحَيٰاةِ الدُّنْيٰا رَبَّنٰا لِيُضِلُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِكَ أي يفتنوا الناس بالأموال و العطايا ليعبدوه و لا يعبدوك رَبَّنَا اطْمِسْ عَلىٰ أَمْوٰالِهِمْ أي أهلكها وَ اشْدُدْ عَلىٰ قُلُوبِهِمْ فَلاٰ يُؤْمِنُوا حَتّٰى يَرَوُا الْعَذٰابَ الْأَلِيمَ فقال اللّه عزّ و جلّ: قَدْ أُجِيبَتْ دَعْوَتُكُمٰا فَاسْتَقِيمٰا وَ لاٰ تَتَّبِعٰانِّ سَبِيلَ الَّذِينَ لاٰ يَعْلَمُونَ أي لا تتبعا سبيل فرعون و أصحابه.

99-/4953) And ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm said, regarding His saying: “And Musa said: Our Lord, surely You have given Pharaoh and his chiefs finery”—that is, dominion—“and wealth in the life of this world, our Lord, that they may lead astray from Your path”—that is, that they tempt people with wealth and gifts so that they worship him and do not worship You. “Our Lord, obliterate their wealth”—that is, destroy it—“and harden their hearts so they do not believe until they see the painful punishment.” Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: “The prayer of you both has been answered, so be upright, and do not follow the path of those who do not know”—that is, do not follow the path of Pharaoh and his followers.

99-/4954 _2- قَالَ الْإِمَامُ الْحَسَنُ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)-فِي حَدِيثٍ طَوِيلٍ ،يَذْكُرُ فِيهِ أَنَّ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مِثْلَ آيَاتِ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):وَ أَمَّا الطَّمْسُ عَلَى أَمْوَالِ قَوْمِ فِرْعَوْنَ فَقَدْ كَانَ مِثْلُهُ لِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ شَيْخاً كَبِيراً جَاءَ بِابْنِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ الشَّيْخُ يَبْكِي وَ يَقُولُ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،ابْنِي هَذَا غَذَوْتُهُ صَغِيراً،وَ رَبَّيْتُهُ طِفْلاً غَرِيراً،وَ أَعَنْتُهُ بِمَالِي كَثِيراً حَتَّى اشْتَدَّ أَزْرُهُ،وَ قَوِيَ ظَهْرُهُ،وَ كَثُرَ مَالُهُ،وَ فَنِيَتْ قُوَّتِي،وَ ذَهَبَ مَالِي عَلَيْهِ،وَ صِرْتُ مِنَ الضَّعْفِ إِلَى مَا تَرَى،قَعَدَ بِي فَلاَ يُوَاسِينِي بِالْقُوتِ الْمُمْسِكِ لِرَمَقِي.

فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)لِلشَّابِّ:مَاذَا تَقُولُ؟فَقَالَ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،لاَ فَضْلَ مَعِي عَنْ قُوتِي وَ قُوتِ عِيَالِي.

فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)لِلشَّيْخِ:مَا تَقُولُ؟فَقَالَ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،إِنَّ لَهُ أَنَابِيرَ حِنْطَةٍ وَ شَعِيرٍ وَ تَمْرٍ وَ زَبِيبٍ

99-/4954) Imam al-Ḥasan al-‘Askarī (peace be upon him) said: “Amīr al-Mu’minīn (peace be upon him)—in a long narration in which he mentions that the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family) had the likes of the signs of Mūsā (peace be upon him)—[said]: As for the obliteration of the wealth of Pharaoh’s people, something like it occurred for Muḥammad and ‘Alī (peace be upon them). An old man came with his son to the Messenger of Allah while the old man wept, saying: ‘O Messenger of Allah, this son of mine—I nourished him when small, reared him as an innocent child, supported him greatly with my wealth until his support strengthened, his back grew strong, and his wealth increased, while my strength was spent and my wealth expended upon him, and I have fallen into the weakness you see; he has let me sit helpless and does not comfort me even with subsistence to keep my life.’ The Messenger of Allah said to the youth: ‘What do you say?’ He said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, I have nothing beyond my own food and the food of my dependents.’ The Messenger of Allah said to the old man: ‘What do you say?’ He said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, he has heaps of wheat and barley and dates and raisins…’”

_6) -مناقب عليّ بن أبي طالب(عليه السّلام):301/252.

_6) -Manāqib ‘Alī b. Abī Ṭālib: 301/252.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:314.

_1) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:314.

_2) -التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):288/421،289.

_2) -al-Tafsīr al-Mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī: 288/421, 289.

[1] (فاطمة)ليس في المصدر.

[2] الأنبار:أكداس البرّ واحدها:نبر،و جمعها:أنابير.