S 2 A 246-250

وَ قَالَ: لِيُنْفِقْ ذُو سَعَةٍ مِنْ سَعَتِهِ وَ مَنْ قُدِرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقُهُ فَلْيُنْفِقْ مِمّٰا آتٰاهُ اللّٰهُ [1]وَ قَدْ أَوْسَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ كَثِيراً-يَا بُنَيَّ،فِدَاكَ أَبُوكَ-لاَ تَسْتُرْ دُونِيَ الْأُمُورَ لِحُبِّهَا [2] فَتُخْطِئَ حَظَّكَ،وَ السَّلاَمُ».

He said: Let him who has ample means spend out of his plenty, and as for him whose means of subsistence are straitened, let him spend out of that which Allah has given him. And indeed Allah has expanded for you abundantly—My son, may your father be your ransom—do not conceal matters from me out of love for them, lest you forfeit your portion. And peace.

[1] الطّلاق 65:7

at-Talāq 65:7

Quran (65:7), M. H. Shakir: Let him who has abundance spend out of his abundance and whoever has his means of subsistence straitened, let him spend out of that which Allah has given him; Allah does not lay on any soul a burden except to the extent to which He has granted it; Allah brings about ease after difficulty.

[2] في«ط»و المصدر:لا يستر في الأمور بحسبها.

fī “Ṭ” wa-l-maṣdar: lā yustaru fī l-umūr bi-ḥasabihā.

قوله تعالى:

وَ اللّٰهُ يَقْبِضُ وَ يَبْصُطُ وَ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ[245]

Quran (2:245), M. H. Shakir: Allah amplifies and straitens and to Him you shall be brought back.

99-/1349 _1- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْهَيْثَمِ الْعِجْلِيُّ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ابْنِ زَكَرِيَّا الْقَطَّانُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا بَكْرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا تَمِيمُ بْنُ بُهْلُولٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْعَبْدِيِّ،عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ اللّٰهُ يَقْبِضُ وَ يَبْصُطُ وَ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ :

«يَعْنِي يُعْطِي وَ يَمْنَعُ» [3].

99-/1349 _1- Ibn Bābawayh said: Ahmad b. Muhammad b. al-Haytham al-‘Ijlī (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated to us, who said: Ahmad b. Yahyā b. Zakariyyā al-Qaṭṭān narrated to us, who said: Bakr b. ‘Abd Allāh b. Ḥabīb narrated to us, who said: Tamīm b. Buhlūl narrated to us, from his father, from Abū al-Ḥasan al-‘Abdī, from Sulaymān b. Mihrān, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, “And Allah amplifies and straitens and to Him you shall be brought back”: It means He gives and He withholds. [3]

[3] في المصدر:يعني يعطي و يوسع و يمنع و يضيق.

fī l-maṣdar: ya‘nī yu‘ṭī wa yuwassi‘ wa yamna‘ wa yuḍayyiq.

قوله تعالى:

أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الْمَلَإِ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرٰائِيلَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مُوسىٰ إِذْ قٰالُوا لِنَبِيٍّ لَهُمُ ابْعَثْ لَنٰا مَلِكاً نُقٰاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ ثَبِّتْ أَقْدٰامَنٰا وَ انْصُرْنٰا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْكٰافِرِينَ[246-250]

Quran (2:246-250), M. H. Shakir:

246. Have you not considered the chiefs of the children of Israel after Musa, when they said to a prophet of theirs: Raise up for us a king, (that) we may fight in the way of Allah. He said: May it not be that if fighting is ordained for you, you would not fight? They said: And what reason have we that we should not fight in the way of Allah, and we have indeed been turned out of our homes and our children. But when fighting was ordained for them, they turned back, except a few of them, and Allah knows the unjust.

247. And their prophet said to them: Surely Allah has raised Talut to be a king over you. They said: How can he hold kingship over us while we have a greater right to kingship than he, and he has not been granted an abundance of wealth? He said: Surely Allah has chosen him in preference to you, and He has increased him abundantly in knowledge and physique, and Allah grants His kingdom to whom He pleases, and Allah is Amplegiving, Knowing.

248. And their prophet said to them: Surely the sign of his kingdom is, that there shall come to you the chest in which there is tranquillity from your Lord and residue (of the relics) of what the children of Musa and the children of Harun have left, the angels bearing it; most surely there is a sign in this for those who believe.

249. So when Talut departed with the forces, he said: Surely Allah will try you with a river; whoever then drinks from it, he is not of me, and whoever does not taste of it, he is surely of me, except he who takes with his hand as much of it as a hollow. But with the exception of a few of them they drank from it. So when he had crossed it, he and those who believed with him, they said: We have today no power against Jalut and his forces. Those who were sure that they would meet their Lord said: How often has a small party vanquished a numerous host by Allah’s permission, and Allah is with the patient.

250. And when they went out against Jalut and his forces they said: Our Lord, pour down upon us patience, and make our steps firm and assist us against the unbelieving people.

99-/1350 _2- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ،عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَلَمّٰا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِتٰالُ تَوَلَّوْا إِلاّٰ قَلِيلاً مِنْهُمْ .قَالَ:«كَانَ الْقَلِيلُ سِتِّينَ أَلْفاً».

99-/1350 _2- Ibn Bābawayh, from his father, said: Sa‘d b. ‘Abd Allāh narrated to us, from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. ‘Īsā, from ‘Alī b. al-Nu‘mān, from Hārūn b. Khārija, from Abū Baṣīr, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding Allah’s saying: “But when fighting was ordained for them, they turned back, except a few of them.” He said: “The few were sixty thousand.”

99-/1351 _3- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ،عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «أَنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَمِلُوا بِالْمَعَاصِي،

99-/1351 _3- ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm said: My father narrated to me, from al-Naḍr b. Suwayd, from Yaḥyā al-Ḥalabī, from Hārūn b. Khārija, from Abū Baṣīr, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him): “The Children of Israel after Moses (peace be upon him) committed acts of disobedience,

_1) -التوحيد:2/161.

al-Tawḥīd 2:161.

_2) -معاني الأخبار:1/151.

Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār 1:151.

_3) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:81،و الزيادة التي في آخر الحديث وردت في الطبعة الحجرية:403.

Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:81, wa-l-ziyāda allatī fī ākhir al-ḥadīth wuridat fī al-ṭab‘a al-ḥajarīya: 403.

[1] الطّلاق 65:7.

at-Talāq 65:7.

[2] في«ط»و المصدر:لا يستر في الأمور بحسبها.

fī “Ṭ” wa-l-maṣdar: lā yustaru fī l-umūr bi-ḥasabihā.

[3] في المصدر:يعني يعطي و يوسع و يمنع و يضيق.

fī l-maṣdar: ya‘nī yu‘ṭī wa yuwassi‘ wa yamna‘ wa yuḍayyiq.

وَ غَيَّرُوا دِينَ اللَّهِ،وَ عَتَوْا عَنْ أَمْرِ رَبِّهِمْ،وَ كَانَ فِيهِمْ نَبِيٌّ يَأْمُرُهُمْ وَ يَنْهَاهُمْ فَلَمْ يُطِيعُوهُ،وَ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ إِرْمِيَا النَّبِيُّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فَسَلَّطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ جَالُوتَ،وَ هُوَ مِنَ الْقِبْطِ،فَأَذَلَّهُمْ،وَ قَتَلَ رِجَالَهُمْ،وَ أَخْرَجَهُمْ مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ وَ أَمْوَالِهِمْ،وَ اسْتَعْبَدَ نِسَاءَهُمْ،فَفَزِعُوا إِلَى نَبِيِّهِمْ،وَ قَالُوا:سَلِ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ لَنَا مَلِكاً،نُقَاتِلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ.

They altered the religion of Allah and rebelled against the command of their Lord. There was among them a prophet who commanded and forbade them, but they did not obey him—and it is related that he was the Prophet Irmiyā’ (Jeremiah), peace be upon him. So Allah set over them Jālūt (Goliath), who was of the Copts; he abased them, killed their men, drove them out from their homes and wealth, and enslaved their women. They fled to their prophet and said: Ask Allah to raise up for us a king so that we may fight in the way of Allah.

وَ كَانَتِ النُّبُوَّةُ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فِي بَيْتٍ،وَ الْمُلْكُ وَ السُّلْطَانُ فِي بَيْتٍ آخَرَ،لَمْ يَجْمَعِ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لَهُمُ النُّبُوَّةَ وَ الْمُلْكَ فِي بَيْتٍ وَاحِدٍ،فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالُوا لِنَبِيٍّ لَهُمُ:اِبْعَثْ لَنَا مَلِكاً نُقَاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ.

Prophethood among the Children of Israel was in one lineage, and kingship and authority in another; Allah, exalted is He, did not combine prophethood and kingship for them in one house. For that reason they said to one of their prophets: Appoint for us a king that we may fight in the way of Allah.

فَقَالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ: هَلْ عَسَيْتُمْ إِنْ كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتٰالُ أَلاّٰ تُقٰاتِلُوا قٰالُوا وَ مٰا لَنٰا أَلاّٰ نُقٰاتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ وَ قَدْ أُخْرِجْنٰا مِنْ دِيٰارِنٰا وَ أَبْنٰائِنٰا وَ كَانَ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ: فَلَمّٰا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِتٰالُ تَوَلَّوْا إِلاّٰ قَلِيلاً مِنْهُمْ وَ اللّٰهُ عَلِيمٌ بِالظّٰالِمِينَ .

Their prophet said to them: Would you perhaps, if fighting were prescribed for you, refrain from fighting? They said: Why should we not fight in the way of Allah when we have indeed been driven out from our homes and our children? But it was as Allah said: When fighting was prescribed for them, they turned away, except a few of them; and Allah knows the wrongdoers.

فَقَالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ: إِنَّ اللّٰهَ قَدْ بَعَثَ لَكُمْ طٰالُوتَ مَلِكاً .فَغَضِبُوا مِنْ ذَلِكَ:وَ قَالُوا: أَنّٰى يَكُونُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ عَلَيْنٰا وَ نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِالْمُلْكِ مِنْهُ وَ لَمْ يُؤْتَ سَعَةً مِنَ الْمٰالِ وَ كَانَتِ النُّبُوَّةُ فِي وُلْدِ لاَوِي،وَ الْمُلْكَ فِي وُلْدِ يُوسُفَ، وَ كَانَ طَالُوتُ مِنْ وُلْدِ بِنْيَامِينَ أَخِي يُوسُفَ لِأُمِّهِ،لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنْ بَيْتِ النُّبُوَّةِ،وَ لاَ مِنْ بَيْتِ الْمَمْلِكَةِ.

Their prophet said to them: Indeed Allah has raised Talut as king over you. They grew angry at that and said: How can he have kingship over us while we are more entitled to kingship than he, and he has not been granted abundance of wealth? Prophethood was in the descendants of Lāwī (Levi) and kingship in the descendants of Yusuf; and Talut was of the descendants of Binyamīn, Yusuf’s brother by his mother—he was neither from the house of prophethood nor the house of kingship.

فَقَالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ: إِنَّ اللّٰهَ اصْطَفٰاهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ زٰادَهُ بَسْطَةً فِي الْعِلْمِ وَ الْجِسْمِ وَ اللّٰهُ يُؤْتِي مُلْكَهُ مَنْ يَشٰاءُ وَ اللّٰهُ وٰاسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ وَ كَانَ أَعْظَمَهُمْ جِسْماً،وَ كَانَ شُجَاعاً قَوِيّاً،وَ كَانَ أَعْلَمَهُمْ،إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ كَانَ فَقِيراً،فَعَابُوهُ بِالْفَقْرِ،فَقَالُوا:لَمْ يُؤْتَ سَعَةً مِنَ الْمَالِ، وَ قٰالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ إِنَّ آيَةَ مُلْكِهِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَكُمُ التّٰابُوتُ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمّٰا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسىٰ وَ آلُ هٰارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ .

He said to them: Indeed Allah has chosen him above you and increased him abundantly in knowledge and physique; and Allah grants His kingship to whom He wills; and Allah is All-Embracing, Knowing. He was the largest in body among them, courageous and strong, and the most learned of them; but he was poor, so they faulted him for poverty and said: He has not been granted abundance of wealth. Their prophet said to them: The sign of his kingship is that the Chest will come to you, wherein there is tranquillity from your Lord and a remnant of what the family of Musa and the family of Harun left, the angels bearing it.

وَ كَانَ التَّابُوتُ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَى مُوسَى،فَوَضَعَتْهُ فِيهِ أُمُّهُ وَ أَلْقَتْهُ فِي الْيَمِّ،فَكَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مُعَظَّماً، يَتَبَرَّكُونَ بِهِ،فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتْ مُوسَى الْوَفَاةُ وَضَعَ فِيهِ الْأَلْوَاحَ،وَ دِرْعَهُ،وَ مَا كَانَ عِنْدَهُ مِنْ آيَاتِ النُّبُوَّةِ،وَ أَوْدَعَهُ يُوشَعَ وَصِيَّهُ،فَلَمْ يَزَلِ التَّابُوتُ بَيْنَهُمْ حَتَّى اسْتَخَفُّوا بِهِ،وَ كَانَ الصِّبْيَانُ يَلْعَبُونَ بِهِ فِي الطُّرُقَاتِ.

The Chest was that which Allah sent down to Moses; his mother placed him in it and cast it into the river. It was venerated among the Children of Israel, and they sought blessings by it. When death approached Moses, he placed in it the Tablets, his coat of mail, and the signs of prophethood he had, and he entrusted it to Yūsha‘, his legatee. The Chest remained among them until they treated it lightly such that children played with it in the streets.

فَلَمْ يَزَلْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ فِي عِزٍّ وَ شَرَفٍ مَا دَامَ التَّابُوتُ عِنْدَهُمْ،فَلَمَّا عَمِلُوا بِالْمَعَاصِي،وَ اسْتَخَفُّوا بِالتَّابُوتِ، رَفَعَهُ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ،فَلَمَّا سَأَلُوا النَّبِيَّ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى طَالُوتَ عَلَيْهِمْ مَلِكاً،يُقَاتِلُ مَعَهُمْ،فَرَدَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ التَّابُوتَ؛كَمَا قَالَ:

إِنَّ آيَةَ مُلْكِهِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَكُمُ التّٰابُوتُ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمّٰا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسىٰ وَ آلُ هٰارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ -قَالَ-:اَلْبَقِيَّةُ ذُرِّيَّةُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ».

The Children of Israel remained in honor and dignity as long as the Chest was with them. But when they committed sins and treated the Chest lightly, Allah removed it from them. When they asked the prophet, Allah Most High raised Talut over them as king to fight alongside them, and He restored the Chest to them, as He said: “Indeed the sign of his kingship is that the Chest will come to you, wherein is tranquillity from your Lord and a remnant of what the family of Musa and the family of Harun left, the angels carrying it.” He said: The “remnant” is the progeny of the prophets.

99-/1352 _3-قال عليّ بن إبراهيم:و قوله: فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ فإن التابوت كان يوضع بين يدي العدو و بين المسلمين،فتخرج منه ريح طيبة،لها وجه كوجه الإنسان.

99-/1352 _3- ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm said: As for His saying “therein is tranquillity from your Lord,” the Chest used to be placed between the enemy and the believers, and from it would come a sweet breeze that had a face like the face of a human being.

99-/1353 _4- وَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ،عَنِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «السَّكِينَةُ رِيحٌ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ،لَهَا وَجْهٌ كَوَجْهِ الْإِنْسَانِ،فَكَانَ إِذَا وُضِعَ التَّابُوتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ الْكُفَّارِ؛فَإِنْ تَقَدَّمَ التَّابُوتَ

99-/1353 _4- And ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm said: My father narrated to me, from al-Ḥusayn b. Khālid, from al-Riḍā (peace be upon him), who said: “The sakīna is a wind from Paradise that has a face like the face of a human being. When the Chest was placed between the believers and the disbelievers, whoever advanced beyond the Chest would not return until he killed (the enemy) or prevailed; and whoever retreated from the Chest disbelieved, and the Imam would kill him.”

رَجُلٌ لاَ يَرْجِعُ حَتَّى يَقْتُلَ أَوْ يَغْلِبَ،وَ مَنْ رَجَعَ عَنِ التَّابُوتِ كَفَرَ،وَ قَتَلَهُ الْإِمَامُ.

If a man went ahead of the Chest, he would not return until he killed or prevailed; and whoever turned back from the Chest disbelieved, and the Imam would put him to death.

فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى نَبِيِّهِمْ:أَنَّ جَالُوتَ يَقْتُلُهُ مَنْ تَسْتَوِي عَلَيْهِ دِرْعُ مُوسَى،وَ هُوَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ وُلْدِ لاَوِي بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)اسْمُهُ دَاوُدُ بْنُ آسِي [1]،وَ كَانَ آسِي رَاعِياً،وَ كَانَ لَهُ عَشَرَةُ بَنِينَ أَصْغَرُهُمْ دَاوُدُ.فَلَمَّا بُعِثَ طَالُوتُ إِلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ،وَ جَمَعَهُمْ لِحَرْبِ جَالُوتَ،بَعَثَ إِلَى آسِي:أَنْ أَحْضِرْ وُلْدَكَ،فَلَمَّا حَضَرُوا دَعَا وَاحِداً وَاحِداً مِنْ وُلْدِهِ،فَأَلْبَسَهُ الدِّرْعَ،دِرْعَ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ طَالَتْ عَلَيْهِ،وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ قَصُرَتْ عَنْهُ.فَقَالَ لِآسِي:هَلْ خَلَّفْتَ مِنْ وُلْدِكَ أَحَداً؟قَالَ:نَعَمْ،أَصْغَرَهُمْ تَرَكْتُهُ فِي الْغَنَمِ رَاعِياً [2]،فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ[ابْنَهُ]فَجَاءَ بِهِ،فَلَمَّا دُعِيَ أَقْبَلَ وَ مَعَهُ مِقْلاَعٌ [3]-قَالَ-فَنَادَتْهُ ثَلاَثُ صَخَرَاتٍ فِي طَرِيقِهِ،قَالَتْ:يَا دَاوُدُ،خُذْنَا.فَأَخَذَهَا فِي مِخْلاَتِهِ،وَ كَانَ شَدِيدَ الْبَطْشِ، قَوِيّاً فِي بَدَنِهِ،شُجَاعاً.

Allah revealed to their prophet that Goliath would be killed by the one upon whom the armor of Moses fit evenly; he would be a man from the descendants of Lāwī b. Ya‘qūb (peace be upon him) whose name was Dāwūd b. Āsī [1]. Āsī was a shepherd and had ten sons, the youngest of whom was David. When Talut was sent to the Children of Israel and gathered them to fight Goliath, he sent to Āsī to bring his sons. When they came, he called each son in turn and clothed him with Moses’ armor; for some it hung too long, for others it fell short. He said to Āsī: Have you left any of your sons behind? He said: Yes, the youngest I left with the sheep as a shepherd [2]. He sent for him and he was brought; when he was called he came carrying a sling [3]. Three stones called out to him on his way, saying: O David, take us. He took them into his satchel. He was strong-handed, powerful in body, and courageous.

[1] كذا،و في أغلب المصادر:إيشا.

kadhā, wa fī aghlab al-maṣādir: Īshā.

[2] في المصدر:يرعاها.

fī l-maṣdar: yar‘āhā.

[3] المقلاع:الذي يرمى به الحجر.«الصحاح-قلع-3:1271».

al-miqlā‘: alladhī yurmā bihi al-ḥajar. “al-Ṣiḥāḥ – qala‘ – 3:1271”.

فَلَمَّا جَاءَ إِلَى طَالُوتَ أَلْبَسَهُ دِرْعَ مُوسَى فَاسْتَوَتْ عَلَيْهِ،فَفَصَلَ طَالُوتُ بِالْجُنُودِ،وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ:يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ مُبْتَلِيكُمْ بِنَهَرٍ،فِي هَذِهِ الْمَفَازَةِ،فَمَنْ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ فَلَيْسَ مِنْ حِزْبِ اللَّهِ،وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَشْرَبْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْ حِزْبِ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ مَنِ اغْتَرَفَ غُرْفَةً بِيَدِهِ.فَلَمَّا وَرَدُوا النَّهَرَ،أَطْلَقَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَغْرِفَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ غُرْفَةً بِيَدِهِ،فَشَرِبُوا مِنْهُ إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً مِنْهُمْ،فَالَّذِينَ شَرِبُوا مِنْهُ كَانُوا سِتِّينَ أَلْفاً،وَ هَذَا امْتِحَانٌ امْتُحِنُوا بِهِ،كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ».

When he came to Talut, he clothed him in Moses’ armor and it fit him evenly. Talut set out with the troops, and their prophet said to them: O Children of Israel, Allah will test you with a river in this wilderness; whoever drinks from it is not of the party of Allah, and whoever does not drink is of the party of Allah, except one who scoops up a handful with his hand. When they reached the river, Allah permitted each to scoop a single handful with his hand. They drank from it except a few of them; those who drank from it were sixty thousand. This was a test with which they were tried, as Allah said.

99-/1354 _5- وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «الْقَلِيلُ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَشْرَبُوا وَ لَمْ يَغْتَرِفُوا ثَلاَثُمِائَةٍ وَ ثَلاَثَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلاً،فَلَمَّا جَاوَزُوا النَّهَرَ وَ نَظَرُوا إِلَى جُنُودِ جَالُوتَ؛قَالَ الَّذِينَ شَرِبُوا مِنْهُ: لاٰ طٰاقَةَ لَنَا الْيَوْمَ بِجٰالُوتَ وَ جُنُودِهِ وَ قَالَ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَشْرَبُوا: رَبَّنٰا أَفْرِغْ عَلَيْنٰا صَبْراً وَ ثَبِّتْ أَقْدٰامَنٰا وَ انْصُرْنٰا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْكٰافِرِينَ [4].

99-/1354 _5- And it is related from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him) that he said: “The few who neither drank nor scooped were three hundred and thirteen men. When they crossed the river and saw the armies of Goliath, those who had drunk from it said: ‘We have no strength today against Goliath and his forces,’ and those who had not drunk said: ‘Our Lord, pour upon us patience, make our steps firm, and grant us victory over the disbelieving people.’” [4]

[4] ما يأتي من بقيّة هذا الحديث هو تتمّة للحديث المتقدّم آنفا.

mā ya’tī min baqiyyat hādhā al-ḥadīth huwa tatimma li-l-ḥadīth al-mutaqaddim ānfā.

فَجَاءَ دَاوُدُ حَتَّى وَقَفَ بِحِذَاءِ جَالُوتَ،وَ كَانَ جَالُوتُ عَلَى الْفِيلِ،وَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ التَّاجُ،وَ فِي جَبْهَتِهِ [5] يَاقُوتَةٌ، يَلْمَعُ نُورُهَا،وَ جُنُودُهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ.فَأَخَذَ دَاوُدُ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْأَحْجَارِ حَجَراً،فَرَمَى بِهِ فِي مَيْمَنَةِ جَالُوتَ،فَمَرَّ فِي الْهَوَاءِ وَ وَقَعَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَانْهَزَمُوا،وَ أَخَذَ حَجَراً آخَرَ،فَرَمَى بِهِ فِي مَيْسَرَةِ جَالُوتَ،فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَانْهَزَمُوا،وَ رَمَى جَالُوتَ بِحَجَرٍ ثَالِثٍ فَصَكَّ الْيَاقُوتَةَ فِي جَبْهَتِهِ،وَ وَصَلَ إِلَى دِمَاغِهِ،وَ وَقَعَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ مَيِّتاً».

David came and stood opposite Goliath. Goliath was mounted on an elephant, a crown upon his head, and in his forehead [5] was a ruby whose light shone, with his troops before him. David took one of those stones and hurled it to Goliath’s right wing; it passed through the air and fell upon them, and they fled. He took a second stone and hurled it to Goliath’s left wing; it fell upon them and they fled. Then he hurled a third stone at Goliath; it struck the ruby in his forehead, penetrated to his brain, and he fell dead to the ground.

[5] في نسخة م«ط»:و في وجهه.

fī nuskhat “Ṭ”: wa fī wajhih.

99-/1355 _6- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ،وَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ،عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنَّ اللّٰهَ قَدْ بَعَثَ لَكُمْ طٰالُوتَ مَلِكاً قٰالُوا أَنّٰى يَكُونُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ عَلَيْنٰا وَ نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِالْمُلْكِ مِنْهُ .

99-/1355 _6- Muhammad b. Ya‘qūb: from Muhammad b. Yaḥyā, from Ahmad b. Muhammad, from Muhammad b. Khālid and al-Ḥusayn b. Sa‘īd, from al-Naḍr b. Suwayd, from Yaḥyā al-Ḥalabī, from Hārūn b. Khārija, from Abū Baṣīr, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “Surely Allah has raised Talut to be a king over you. They said: How can he hold kingship over us while we have a greater right to kingship than he?” He said: “He was neither from the tribe of prophethood nor from the tribe of kingship. He said: ‘Surely Allah has chosen him over you,’ and He said: ‘Surely the sign of his kingdom is that there shall come to you the Chest in which there is tranquillity from your Lord and a remnant of what the family of Musa and the family of Harun left, the angels bearing it.’ The angels brought it carrying it.”

وَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ: إِنَّ اللّٰهَ مُبْتَلِيكُمْ بِنَهَرٍ فَمَنْ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَطْعَمْهُ فَإِنَّهُ مِنِّي إِلاّٰ مَنِ اغْتَرَفَ غُرْفَةً بِيَدِهِ فَشَرِبُوا مِنْهُ إِلاَّ ثَلاَثُمِائَةٍ وَ ثَلاَثَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلاً؛مِنْهُمْ مَنِ اغْتَرَفَ،وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ لَمْ يَشْرَبْ.فَلَمَّا بَرَزُوا،قَالَ الَّذِينَ اغْتَرَفُوا: لاٰ طٰاقَةَ لَنَا الْيَوْمَ بِجٰالُوتَ وَ جُنُودِهِ ،وَ قَالَ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَغْتَرِفُوا: كَمْ مِنْ فِئَةٍ قَلِيلَةٍ غَلَبَتْ فِئَةً كَثِيرَةً بِإِذْنِ اللّٰهِ وَ اللّٰهُ مَعَ الصّٰابِرِينَ ».

And Allah—mighty is His remembrance—said: “Surely Allah will try you with a river; so whoever drinks from it is not of me, and whoever does not taste it, he is surely of me, except he who takes with his hand a handful.” They drank from it except three hundred and thirteen men; among them were those who scooped and among them those who did not drink. When they came forth, those who scooped said: “We have no strength today against Goliath and his forces.” But those who did not scoop said: “How often has a small party overcome a numerous host by Allah’s permission; and Allah is with the patient.”

99-/1356 _7- وَ عَنْهُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ،عَنْ يَحْيَى الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِنَّ آيَةَ مُلْكِهِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَكُمُ التّٰابُوتُ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمّٰا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسىٰ وَ آلُ هٰارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ -قَالَ-:كَانَتْ تَحْمِلُهُ فِي صُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ».

99-/1356 _7- And from him, with his chain, from Ahmad b. Muhammad, from al-Ḥusayn b. Sa‘īd, from Faḍāla b. Ayyūb, from Yaḥyā al-Ḥalabī, from ‘Abd Allāh b. Sulaymān, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), that he said regarding “The sign of his kingship is that the Chest will come to you … the angels bearing it”: “They would carry it in the form of a cow.”

99-/1357 _8- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ حَرِيزٍ،عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: يَأْتِيَكُمُ التّٰابُوتُ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمّٰا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسىٰ وَ آلُ هٰارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ .قَالَ:«رَضْرَاضُ [1] الْأَلْوَاحِ فِيهَا الْعِلْمُ وَ الْحِكْمَةُ».

99-/1357 _8- And from him: from ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm, from his father, from Ḥammād b. ‘Īsā, from Ḥarīz, from someone who informed him, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding “There shall come to you the Chest …”: He said: “Fragments [1] of the Tablets, containing knowledge and wisdom.”

[1] الرضراض:ما دقّ من الحصى،و المراد هنا فتات الألواح.«الصحاح-رضض-3:1077».

al-raḍrāḍ: mā duqqa mina l-ḥaṣā, wa-l-murād hunā fatāt al-alwāḥ. “al-Ṣiḥāḥ – raḍaḍ – 3:1077”.

99-/1358 _9- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ،وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ،عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ الْبَجَلِيِّ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ،عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: قُلْنَا:أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ،مَا السَّكِينَةُ؟ قَالَ:«رِيحٌ تَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ،لَهَا صُورَةٌ كَصُورَةِ الْإِنْسَانِ،وَ رَائِحَةٌ طَيِّبَةٌ،وَ هِيَ الَّتِي نَزَلَتْ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَأَقْبَلَتْ تَدُورُ حَوْلَ أَرْكَانِ الْكَعْبَةِ [2]،وَ هُوَ يَضَعُ الْأَسَاطِينَ» [3].

99-/1358 _9- And from him: from ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm, from his father, from Ibn Asbāṭ, and Muhammad b. Aḥmad, from Mūsā b. al-Qāsim al-Bajalī, from ‘Alī b. Asbāṭ, from Abū al-Ḥasan al-Riḍā (peace be upon him). We said: May Allah set you aright, what is the sakīna? He said: “A wind that comes out from Paradise, having a form like the form of a human being and a sweet fragrance. It is that which descended upon Abraham (peace be upon him); it went around the corners of the Ka‘ba [2] while he set up the pillars [3].”

فَقِيلَ لَهُ:هِيَ [4] الَّتِي قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمّٰا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسىٰ وَ آلُ هٰارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ ؟ قَالَ:«تِلْكَ السَّكِينَةُ فِي التَّابُوتِ،وَ كَانَتْ فِيهِ طَسْتٌ تُغْسَلُ فِيهَا قُلُوبُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ،وَ كَانَ التَّابُوتُ يَدُورُ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مَعَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ».ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا،فَقَالَ:«مَا تَابُوتُكُمْ؟»قُلْنَا:اَلسِّلاَحُ،قَالَ:«صَدَقْتُمْ،هُوَ تَابُوتُكُمْ».

It was said to him: Is it [4] the one about which Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: “Therein is tranquillity from your Lord and a remnant of what the family of Musa and the family of Harun left, the angels bearing it”? He said: “That sakīna is in the Chest. In it there was a basin in which the hearts of the prophets were washed. The Chest would circulate among the Children of Israel with the prophets.” Then he turned to us and said: “What is your Chest?” We said: The weapons. He said: “You have spoken the truth; it is your Chest.”

[2] في المصدر:أركان البيت.

fī l-maṣdar: arkān al-bayt.

[3] الأساطين:جمع أسطوانة:العمود أو السارية.

al-asāṭīn: jam‘ usṭuwāna: al-‘amūd aw al-sāriyah.

[4] في المصدر زيادة:من.

fī l-maṣdar ziyāda: min.

99-/1359 _10- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ،عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ،عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ،عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ،عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:

سَأَلْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،مَا كَانَ تَابُوتُ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ كَمْ كَانَتْ سَعَتُهُ؟قَالَ:«ثَلاَثَةُ أَذْرُعٍ فِي ذِرَاعَيْنِ».

قُلْتُ:مَا كَانَ فِيهِ؟قَالَ:«عَصَا مُوسَى وَ السَّكِينَةُ».

قُلْتُ:وَ مَا السَّكِينَةُ؟قَالَ:«رُوحُ اللَّهِ يَتَكَلَّمُ،كَانُوا إِذَا اخْتَلَفُوا فِي شَيْءٍ كَلَّمَهُمْ وَ أَخْبَرَهُمْ بِبَيَانِ مَا يُرِيدُونَ».

99-/1359 _10- Ibn Bābawayh said: Muhammad b. al-Ḥasan b. Aḥmad b. al-Walīd narrated to us, who said: Muhammad b. al-Ḥasan al-Ṣaffār narrated to us, from Ibrāhīm b. Hāshim, from Ismā‘īl b. Marrār, from Yūnus b. ‘Abd al-Raḥmān, from Abū al-Ḥasan (peace be upon him). He said: I asked him: May I be your ransom, what was the Ark of Moses (peace be upon him), and what were its dimensions? He said: “Three cubits by two.” I said: What was in it? He said: “The staff of Moses and the sakīna.” I said: And what is the sakīna? He said: “The Spirit of Allah that speaks; when they differed about something, it would speak to them and inform them of the clarification they sought.”

99-/1360 _11- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الْمَلَإِ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرٰائِيلَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مُوسىٰ إِذْ قٰالُوا لِنَبِيٍّ لَهُمُ ابْعَثْ لَنٰا مَلِكاً نُقٰاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ .

99-/1360 _11- Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Muhammad al-Ḥalabī, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), regarding: “Have you not considered the chiefs of the Children of Israel after Moses when they said to a prophet of theirs, ‘Raise up for us a king that we may fight in the way of Allah’.” He said: “In that era, the king was the one who led the armies, and the prophet would set his affairs aright and inform him with news from his Lord. When they said this to their prophet, he said to them: You possess no fidelity, truthfulness, or desire for jihad. They said: We used to fear jihad, but once we are driven from our homes and children, we must needs fight and obey our Lord in fighting our enemy. He said: Indeed Allah has raised Talut as king over you. The chiefs of the Children of Israel said: What place has Talut to rule over us, when he is not from the house of prophethood or the kingdom? You know that prophethood and kingship are in the family of Lāwī and Yahudhā (Judah), and Talut is from the tribe of Binyamīn b. Ya‘qūb. He said to them: ‘Surely Allah has chosen him over you and increased him abundantly in knowledge and physique, and the kingdom is in Allah’s hand; He places it where He wills; it is not for you to choose. And indeed the sign of his kingship is that the Chest will come to you from Allah, borne by the angels; therein is tranquillity from your Lord and a remnant of what the family of Musa and the family of Harun left. It is that by which you used to rout whomever you met.’ They said: If the Chest comes, we are content and we submit.”

99-/1361 _12- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ: فَلَمّٰا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِتٰالُ تَوَلَّوْا إِلاّٰ قَلِيلاً مِنْهُمْ .

99-/1361 _12- From Abū Baṣīr, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying: “But when fighting was prescribed for them, they turned away, except a few of them.” He said: “The few were sixty thousand.”

99-/1362 _13- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: إِنَّ اللّٰهَ قَدْ بَعَثَ لَكُمْ طٰالُوتَ مَلِكاً قٰالُوا أَنّٰى يَكُونُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ عَلَيْنٰا وَ نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِالْمُلْكِ مِنْهُ .

99-/1362 _13- From Abū Baṣīr, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding Allah’s saying: “Surely Allah has raised Talut to be a king over you. They said: How can he have kingship over us while we have a greater right to kingship than he.” He said: “He was neither from the tribe of prophethood nor from the tribe of kingship. He said: ‘Surely Allah has chosen him over you.’ He said: ‘Surely the sign of his kingship is that the Chest will come to you, wherein is tranquillity from your Lord and a remnant of what the family of Musa and the family of Harun left, the angels bearing it.’ So the angels came carrying it.”

99-/1363 _14- عَنْ حَرِيزٍ،عَنْ رَجُلٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ اللَّهِ: أَنْ يَأْتِيَكُمُ التّٰابُوتُ فِيهِ سَكِينَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمّٰا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسىٰ وَ آلُ هٰارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ .

99-/1363 _14- From Ḥarīz, from a man, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding Allah’s saying: “That the Chest will come to you, wherein is tranquillity from your Lord and a remnant of what the family of Musa and the family of Harun left, the angels bearing it.” He said: “Fragments [1] of the Tablets, containing knowledge and wisdom. The knowledge came down from heaven, was written in the Tablets, and placed in the Chest.”

[1] في المصدر:رضاض.

fī l-maṣdar: riḍāḍ.

99-/1364 _15- عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ [2]،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَ بَقِيَّةٌ مِمّٰا تَرَكَ آلُ مُوسىٰ وَ آلُ هٰارُونَ تَحْمِلُهُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ .فَقَالَ:«ذُرِّيَّةُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ».

99-/1364 _15- From Abū al-Ḥasan [2], from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), that he was asked about Allah’s saying: “A remnant of what the family of Musa and the family of Harun left, the angels bearing it.” He said: “The progeny of the prophets.”

[2] في المصدر:عن أبي المحسن.

fī l-maṣdar: ‘an Abī al-Muḥsin.

99-/1365 _16- عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ هِلاَلٍ،عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُهُ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ لِلْحَسَنِ: «أَيُّ شَيْءٍ السَّكِينَةُ عِنْدَكُمْ؟»وَ قَرَأَ: فَأَنْزَلَ اللّٰهُ سَكِينَتَهُ عَلىٰ رَسُولِهِ [3].فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحَسَنُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،لاَ أَدْرِي،فَأَيُّ شَيْءٍ هِيَ؟ قَالَ:«رِيحٌ تَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ طَيِّبَةٌ،لَهَا صُورَةٌ كَصُورَةِ وَجْهِ الْإِنْسَانِ-قَالَ-:فَتَكُونُ مَعَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ».

99-/1365 _16- From al-‘Abbās b. Hilāl, from Abū al-Ḥasan al-Riḍā (peace be upon him), who said: I heard him saying to al-Ḥasan: “What do you consider the sakīna to be?” And he recited: “So Allah sent down His tranquillity upon His Messenger.” [3] Al-Ḥasan said to him: May I be your ransom, I do not know; so what is it? He said: “A pleasant wind that comes forth from Paradise, having a form like the face of a human being—it is with the prophets.” He (alīhi al-salām) was asked by ‘Alī b. Asbāṭ: Does it descend upon the prophets and the legatees? He said: “It descends upon the prophets.” He said: “It is that which descended upon Abraham (peace be upon him) when he built the Ka‘ba, and it directed like this and like that, and he built the foundation upon it.” Muhammad b. ‘Alī said to him: The saying of Allah, “therein is tranquillity from your Lord”? He said: “It is of this.” Then he turned to al-Ḥasan and said: “What is the Chest among you?” He said: The weapons. He said: “Yes, that is your Chest.” He said: What was in the Chest that was among the Children of Israel? He said: “In it were the Tablets of Moses that were broken, and the basin in which the hearts of the prophets were washed.”

[3] الفتح 48:26.

al-Fatḥ 48:26.

Quran (48:26), M. H. Shakir: When those who disbelieved harbored in their hearts zealotry, the zealotry of (the days of) ignorance, but Allah sent down His tranquillity upon His Messenger and upon the believers, and obliged them to keep the word of guarding (against evil), and they were entitled to it and worthy of it; and Allah is Cognizant of all things.

99-/1366 _17- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: إِنَّ اللّٰهَ مُبْتَلِيكُمْ بِنَهَرٍ فَمَنْ شَرِبَ مِنْهُ فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي :«فَشَرِبُوا مِنْهُ إِلاَّ ثَلاَثَمِائَةٍ وَ ثَلاَثَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلاً،مِنْهُمْ مَنِ اغْتَرَفَ،وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ لَمْ يَشْرَبْ،فَلَمَّا بَرَزُوا؛قَالَ الَّذِينَ اغْتَرَفُوا: لاٰ طٰاقَةَ لَنَا الْيَوْمَ بِجٰالُوتَ وَ جُنُودِهِ ،وَ قَالَ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَغْتَرِفُوا: كَمْ مِنْ فِئَةٍ قَلِيلَةٍ غَلَبَتْ فِئَةً كَثِيرَةً بِإِذْنِ اللّٰهِ وَ اللّٰهُ مَعَ الصّٰابِرِينَ .

99-/1366 _17- From Abū Baṣīr, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding Allah’s saying: “Surely Allah will test you with a river; whoever drinks from it is not of me”: “They drank from it except three hundred and thirteen men; among them were those who scooped, and among them those who did not drink. When they came forth, those who scooped said: ‘We have no strength today against Goliath and his forces,’ and those who did not scoop said: ‘How often has a small party overcome a numerous host by Allah’s permission; and Allah is with the patient.’”

99-/1367 _18- عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «لاَ يَخْرُجُ الْقَائِمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي أَقَلَّ مِنَ الْفِئَةِ،وَ لاَ تَكُونُ الْفِئَةُ أَقَلَّ مِنْ عَشَرَةِ آلاَفِ».

99-/1367 _18- From Ḥammād b. ‘Uthmān, who said: Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him) said: “The Qā’im (peace be upon him) will not go forth with less than a force (fi’a), and a force is not less than ten thousand.”

99-/1368 _19- عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «كَانَ دَاوُدُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ إِخْوَةٌ لَهُ أَرْبَعَةٌ وَ مَعَهُمْ أَبُوهُمْ شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ،وَ تَخَلَّفَ دَاوُدُ فِي غَنَمٍ لِأَبِيهِ،فَفَصَلَ طَالُوتُ بِالْجُنُودِ،فَدَعَا أَبُوهُمْ دَاوُدَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ هُوَ أَصْغَرُهُمْ، فَقَالَ:يَا بُنَيَّ،اذْهَبْ إِلَى إِخْوَتِكَ بِهَذَا الَّذِي قَدْ صَنَعْنَاهُ لَهُمْ،يَتَقَوَّوْنَ بِهِ عَلَى عَدُوِّهِمْ.وَ كَانَ رَجُلاً قَصِيراً أَزْرَقَ،قَلِيلَ الشَّعْرِ،طَاهِرَ الْقَلْبِ،فَخَرَجَ وَ قَدْ تَقَارَبَ الْقَوْمُ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ-فَذَكَرَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ-:فَمَرَّ دَاوُدُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَلَى حَجَرٍ،فَقَالَ:اَلْحَجَرُ:يَا دَاوُدُ،خُذْنِي فَاقْتُلْ بِي جَالُوتَ،فَإِنِّي إِنَّمَا خُلِقْتُ لِقَتْلِهِ.فَأَخَذَهُ فَوَضَعَهُ فِي مِخْلاَتِهِ الَّتِي تَكُونُ فِيهَا حِجَارَتُهُ،الَّتِي كَانَ يَرْمِي بِهَا عَنْ غَنَمِهِ بِمِقْذَافِهِ [1].

99-/1368 _19- From Muhammad al-Ḥalabī, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), who said: “David (peace be upon him) had four brothers and their father was an old man; David stayed behind with his father’s sheep. Talut set out with the troops, and their father called David (peace be upon him), the youngest of them, and said: My son, go to your brothers with this which we have prepared for them so they might strengthen themselves thereby against their enemy. He was a short, light-eyed man, with little hair, pure of heart. He set out, and the two sides had drawn near each other. It is narrated from Abū Baṣīr, who said: I heard him say: David (peace be upon him) passed by a stone. The stone said: O David, take me and kill Goliath with me, for I was only created for his killing. He took it and put it into his satchel in which were his stones that he used to sling for his flock with his thrower [1]. When he entered the camp, he heard them magnifying the matter of Goliath. David said to them: Why do you magnify his matter? By Allah, if I confront him I will surely kill him. They spread his words until he was brought before Talut. He said: Young man, what strength do you have and what have you experienced of yourself? He said: The lion would charge at a ewe from my flock, so I would catch up to it, seize it by the head, pry open its jaws, and take it out from its mouth. He said: Bring me a full coat of mail [2]. A coat was brought and thrown over his neck, and he filled it completely [3], such that Talut and those present of the Children of Israel were astonished. Talut said: By Allah, perhaps Allah will kill him by his hand.”

[1] المقذاف:أداة للقذف،يرمى بها الشيء فيبعد مداه.

al-maqdhāf: āla li-l-qadhf, yurmā bihā al-shay’ fayab‘udu madāh.

[2] سابغة:واسعة.«الصحاح-سبغ-4:1321».

sābiġa: wāsi‘a. “al-Ṣiḥāḥ – sabagha – 4:1321”.

[3] تملّأ:امتلأ.«الصحاح-ملأ-1:73».

tamalla’a: imtala’a. “al-Ṣiḥāḥ – mala’a – 1:73”.

قَالَ:«فَلَمَّا أَنْ أَصْبَحُوا وَ رَجَعُوا إِلَى طَالُوتَ وَ الْتَقَى النَّاسُ،قَالَ دَاوُدُ:أَرُونِي جَالُوتَ.فَلَمَّا رَآهُ أَخَذَ الْحَجَرَ فَجَعَلَهُ فِي مِقْذَافِهِ فَرَمَاهُ فَصَكَّ بِهِ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ فَدَمَغَهُ وَ نُكِسَ عَنْ دَابَّتِهِ.فَقَالَ النَّاسُ:قَتَلَ دَاوُدُ جَالُوتَ.وَ مَلَّكَهُ النَّاسُ حَتَّى لَمْ يَكُنْ يُسْمَعُ لِطَالُوتَ ذِكْرٌ،وَ اجْتَمَعَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ عَلَى دَاوُدَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الزَّبُورَ،وَ عَلَّمَهُ صَنْعَةَ الْحَدِيدِ فَلَيَّنَهُ لَهُ،وَ أَمَرَ الْجِبَالَ وَ الطَّيْرَ يُسَبِّحْنَ مَعَهُ-قَالَ-:وَ لَمْ يُعْطَ أَحَدٌ مِثْلَ صَوْتِهِ،فَأَقَامَ دَاوُدُ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مُسْتَخْفِياً،وَ أُعْطِيَ قُوَّةً فِي عِبَادَتِهِ».

He said: “When morning came and they returned to Talut and the people met, David said: Show me Goliath. When he saw him, he took the stone, put it in his thrower, and hurled it, striking him between the eyes, crushing his skull, and he toppled from his mount. The people said: David has killed Goliath. The people made him king, such that the name of Talut was no longer heard. The Children of Israel gathered around David (peace be upon him). Allah sent down upon him the Zabūr, taught him the craft of iron and softened it for him, and commanded the mountains and the birds to glorify along with him; and no one was given a voice like his. David dwelt among the Children of Israel in concealment, and he was given strength in his worship.”

99-/1369 _20- الطَّبْرِسِيُّ فِي(الْإِحْتِجَاجِ):عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْبَاقِرِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،وَ قَدْ سَأَلَهُ طَاوُسٌ الْيَمَانِيُّ،قَالَ:فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ شَيْءٍ قَلِيلُهُ حَلاَلٌ وَ كَثِيرُهُ حَرَامٌ،ذَكَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ؟قَالَ:«نَهَرُ طَالُوتَ؛قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِلاّٰ مَنِ اغْتَرَفَ غُرْفَةً بِيَدِهِ ».

99-/1369 _20- Al-Ṭabrisī in al-Iḥtijāj: from Abū Baṣīr, from Abū Ja‘far al-Bāqir (peace be upon him). Ṭāwūs al-Yamānī asked him: Inform me about something a little of which is lawful and much of which is unlawful, which Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has mentioned in His Book. He said: “The river of Talut; Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: ‘Except he who takes with his hand a handful.’”

99-/1370 _21- الطَّبْرِسِيُّ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ ،قِيلَ:إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ هُوَ أُشْمُوئِيلُ،وَ هُوَ بِالْعَرَبِيَّةِ إِسْمَاعِيلُ عَنْ أَكْثَرِ الْمُفَسِّرِينَ.قَالَ:

وَ هُوَ الْمَرْوِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ).

99-/1370 _21- Al-Ṭabrisī Abū ‘Alī said: It is said that the prophet (in the story) is Ushmū’īl, which in Arabic is Ismā‘īl, according to most of the exegetes. He said: And this is what is narrated from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him).

99-/1371 _22- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «كَانَ الْمَلِكُ فِي ذَلِكَ الزَّمَانِ هُوَ الَّذِي يَسِيرُ بِالجُنُودِ،وَ النَّبِيُّ يُقِيمُ لَهُ أَمْرَهُ وَ يُنْبِئُهُ بِالْخَبَرِ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّهِ».

99-/1371 _22- And from him, he said: Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him) said: “In that era, the king was the one who led the armies, and the prophet would set his affairs aright and inform him with news from his Lord.”

99-/1372 _23- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ: قِيلَ:إِنَّ السَّكِينَةَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ فِيهِ رِيحٌ هَفَّافَةٌ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ،لَهَا وَجْهٌ كَوَجْهِ الْإِنْسَانِ. عَنْ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ).

99-/1372 _23- And from him, he said: It is said that the sakīna which was in it was a gentle breeze from Paradise, having a face like the face of a human being. From ‘Alī (peace be upon him).

قوله تعالى:

وَ لَوْ لاٰ دَفْعُ اللّٰهِ النّٰاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لَفَسَدَتِ الْأَرْضُ وَ لٰكِنَّ اللّٰهَ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى الْعٰالَمِينَ[251]

Quran (2:251), M. H. Shakir: And had there not been Allah’s repelling some people by others, the earth would certainly be in a state of disorder, but Allah is Gracious to the creatures.

99-/1373 _1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ جَمِيلٍ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):

«إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَدْفَعُ بِمَنْ يُصَلِّي مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا عَمَّنْ لاَ يُصَلِّي مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا،وَ لَوِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى تَرْكِ الصَّلاَةِ لَهَلَكُوا.وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيَدْفَعُ بِمَنْ يُزَكِّي مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا عَمَّنْ لاَ يُزَكِّي مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا،وَ لَوِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى تَرْكِ الزَّكَاةِ لَهَلَكُوا.وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيَدْفَعُ بِمَنْ يَحُجُّ مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا عَمَّنْ لاَ يَحُجُّ [1]،وَ لَوِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى تَرْكِ الْحَجِّ لَهَلَكُوا؛وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ لَوْ لاٰ دَفْعُ اللّٰهِ النّٰاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لَفَسَدَتِ الْأَرْضُ وَ لٰكِنَّ اللّٰهَ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى الْعٰالَمِينَ ».

99-/1373 _1- ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm said: My father narrated to me, from Ibn Abī ‘Umayr, from Jamīl, who said: Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him) said: “Surely Allah repels (harm) by means of those of our Shī‘a who pray on behalf of those of our Shī‘a who do not pray; and had they all agreed to abandon prayer, they would have perished. And surely Allah repels by means of those of our Shī‘a who give zakāt on behalf of those of our Shī‘a who do not give zakāt; and had they all agreed to abandon zakāt, they would have perished. And surely Allah repels by means of those of our Shī‘a who perform ḥajj on behalf of those who do not [1]; and had they all agreed to abandon ḥajj, they would have perished. This is the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: ‘And had there not been Allah’s repelling some people by others, the earth would certainly be in a state of disorder; but Allah is Gracious to the creatures.’”

[1] في المصدر زيادة:من شيعتنا.

fī l-maṣdar ziyāda: min shī‘atinā.

99-/1374 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ،عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ ظَبْيَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيَدْفَعُ بِمَنْ يُصَلِّي مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا عَمَّنْ لاَ يُصَلِّي مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا،وَ لَوِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى تَرْكِ الصَّلاَةِ لَهَلَكُوا.وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيَدْفَعُ بِمَنْ يُزَكِّي مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا عَمَّنْ لاَ يُزَكِّي،وَ لَوِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى تَرْكِ الزَّكَاةِ لَهَلَكُوا.وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيَدْفَعُ بِمَنْ يَحُجُّ مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا عَمَّنْ لاَ يَحُجُّ،وَ لَوِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى تَرْكِ الْحَجِّ لَهَلَكُوا؛وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ لَوْ لاٰ دَفْعُ اللّٰهِ النّٰاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لَفَسَدَتِ الْأَرْضُ وَ لٰكِنَّ اللّٰهَ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى الْعٰالَمِينَ ،فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا نَزَلَتْ إِلاَّ فِيكُمْ،وَ لاَ عَنَى بِهَا غَيْرَكُمْ».

99-/1374 _2- Muhammad b. Ya‘qūb: from ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm, from his father, from ‘Alī b. Ma‘bad, from ‘Abd Allāh b. al-Qāsim, from Yūnus b. Ẓabiyān, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), who said: “Surely Allah repels by means of those of our Shī‘a who pray on behalf of those of our Shī‘a who do not pray; and had they all agreed to abandon prayer, they would have perished. And surely Allah repels by means of those of our Shī‘a who give zakāt on behalf of those who do not give zakāt; and had they all agreed to abandon zakāt, they would have perished. And surely Allah repels by means of those of our Shī‘a who perform ḥajj on behalf of those who do not perform ḥajj; and had they all agreed to abandon ḥajj, they would have perished. This is the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: ‘And had there not been Allah’s repelling some people by others, the earth would certainly be in a state of disorder; but Allah is Gracious to the creatures.’ By Allah, it was not revealed except about you, and He meant none other than you by it.”

99-/1375 _3- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ ظَبْيَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَدْفَعُ بِمَنْ يُصَلِّي مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا عَمَّنْ لاَ يُصَلِّي مِنْ شِيعَتِنَا،وَ لَوِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى تَرْكِ الصَّلاَةِ لَهَلَكُوا.وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيَدْفَعُ بِمَنْ يَصُومُ مِنْهُمْ عَمَّنْ لاَ

99-/1375 _3- Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Yūnus b. Ẓabiyān, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), who said: “Surely Allah repels by means of those of our Shī‘a who pray on behalf of those of our Shī‘a who do not pray; and had they all agreed to abandon prayer, they would have perished. And surely Allah repels by means of those among them who fast on behalf of those who do not …” (continued).