S 2 A 104

عَصَاهُ.

فَمَكَثُوا سَنَةً يَبْنُونَ وَ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِ،وَ يُدَانُونَ لَهُ،وَ يَعْمَلُونَ حَتَّى بَعَثَ اللَّهُ الْأَرَضَةَ،فَأَكَلَتْ مِنْسَأَتَهُ-وَ هِيَ الْعَصَا-فَلَمَّا خَرَّ تَبَيَّنَتِ الْإِنْسُ أَنْ لَوْ كَانَ الْجِنُّ يَعْلَمُونَ الْغَيْبَ،مَا لَبِثُوا سَنَةً فِي الْعَذَابِ الْمُهِينِ،فَالْجِنُّ تَشْكُرُ الْأَرَضَةَ بِمَا عَمِلَتْ بِعَصَا سُلَيْمَانَ،فَلاَ تَكَادُ تَرَاهَا فِي مَكَانٍ إِلاَّ وُجِدَ عِنْدَهَا مَاءٌ وَ طِينٌ.

فَلَمَّا هَلَكَ سُلَيْمَانُ وَضَعَ إِبْلِيسُ السِّحْرَ وَ كَتَبَهُ فِي كِتَابٍ،ثُمَّ طَوَاهُ وَ كَتَبَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ:هَذَا مَا وَضَعَ آصَفُ بْنُ بَرْخِيَا لِلْمَلِكِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ مِنْ ذَخَائِرِ كُنُوزِ الْعِلْمِ،وَ مَنْ أَرَادَ كَذَا وَ كَذَا فَلْيَفْعَلْ [1] كَذَا وَ كَذَا،ثُمَّ دَفَنَهُ تَحْتَ السَّرِيرِ، ثُمَّ اسْتَثَارَهُ لَهُمْ فَقَرَأَهُ؛فَقَالَ الْكَافِرُونَ:مَا كَانَ سُلَيْمَانُ يَغْلِبُنَا إِلاَّ بِهَذَا،وَ قَالَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ:بَلْ هُوَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَ نَبِيُّهُ،فَقَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ: وَ اتَّبَعُوا مٰا تَتْلُوا الشَّيٰاطِينُ عَلىٰ مُلْكِ سُلَيْمٰانَ وَ مٰا كَفَرَ سُلَيْمٰانُ وَ لٰكِنَّ الشَّيٰاطِينَ كَفَرُوا يُعَلِّمُونَ النّٰاسَ السِّحْرَ وَ مٰا أُنْزِلَ عَلَى الْمَلَكَيْنِ بِبٰابِلَ هٰارُوتَ وَ مٰارُوتَ -إِلَى قَوْلِهِ-: فَيَتَعَلَّمُونَ مِنْهُمٰا مٰا يُفَرِّقُونَ بِهِ بَيْنَ الْمَرْءِ وَ زَوْجِهِ وَ مٰا هُمْ بِضٰارِّينَ بِهِ مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلاّٰ بِإِذْنِ اللّٰهِ ».

الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِعَيْنِهِ [2].

Translation:

His staff.

So they remained for a year building and looking at him, submitting to him, and working, until Allah sent the termite, and it ate his staff—which is the rod. When he fell down, human beings realized that if the jinn had known the unseen, they would not have tarried a year in the humiliating punishment. So the jinn thank the termite for what it did to Solomon’s staff; you hardly see it in any place without finding water and mud near it.

When Solomon perished, Iblis deposited sorcery and wrote it in a book, then folded it and wrote on its back: “This is what Asif son of Barkhiyā set down for King Solomon son of David from the treasures of the stores of knowledge; and whoever wants such-and-such, let him do [1] such-and-such.” Then he buried it under the throne, then stirred it up for them, and they read it. The unbelievers said, “Solomon only dominated us by means of this,” but the believers said, “Rather, he is the servant of Allah and His prophet.” So Allah—glorious is His remembrance—said: “And they followed what the devils recited against Solomon’s kingdom; and Solomon did not disbelieve, but the devils disbelieved, teaching men magic, and that which was sent down to the two angels at Babel—Hārūt and Mārūt—… to His words: ‘So they learn from them that by which they cause separation between a man and his wife; and they cannot hurt with it any one except with Allah’s permission’.” [Qur’an 2:102, see complete verse below]

Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Abū Basīr, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), and he mentioned the very same report [2].

الآية: وَاتَّبَعُوا مَا تَتْلُوا الشَّيَاطِينُ عَلَىٰ مُلْكِ سُلَيْمَانَ ۖ وَمَا كَفَرَ سُلَيْمَانُ وَلَٰكِنَّ الشَّيَاطِينَ كَفَرُوا يُعَلِّمُونَ النَّاسَ السِّحْرَ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَى الْمَلَكَيْنِ بِبَابِلَ هَارُوتَ وَمَارُوتَ ۚ وَمَا يُعَلِّمَانِ مِنْ أَحَدٍ حَتَّىٰ يَقُولَا إِنَّمَا نَحْنُ فِتْنَةٌ فَلَا تَكْفُرْ ۖ فَيَتَعَلَّمُونَ مِنْهُمَا مَا يُفَرِّقُونَ بِهِ بَيْنَ الْمَرْءِ وَزَوْجِهِ ۚ وَمَا هُم بِضَارِّينَ بِهِ مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ ۚ وَيَتَعَلَّمُونَ مَا يَضُرُّهُمْ وَلَا يَنفَعُهُمْ ۚ وَلَقَدْ عَلِمُوا لَمَنِ اشْتَرَاهُ مَا لَهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ خَلَاقٍ ۚ وَلَبِئْسَ مَا شَرَوْا بِهِ أَنفُسَهُمْ ۖ لَوْ كَانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ [البقرة 2:102]

Translation (M. H. Shakir):

And they followed what the Shaitans chanted of sorcery in the reign of Sulaiman, and Sulaiman was not an unbeliever, but the Shaitans disbelieved, they taught men sorcery and that which was sent down to the two angels at Babel, Harut and Marut, and they both taught no man until they had said, Surely we are only a trial, therefore do not be a disbeliever. So they learn from them that by which they cause separation between man and his wife, and they cannot hurt with it any one except with Allah’s permission, and they learn what harms them and does not profit them, and certainly they know that he who buys it shall have no share in the hereafter, and evil is the thing for which they sold their souls; had they but known!

قوله تعالى:

يٰا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لاٰ تَقُولُوا رٰاعِنٰا وَ قُولُوا انْظُرْنٰا وَ اسْمَعُوا وَ لِلْكٰافِرِينَ عَذٰابٌ أَلِيمٌ[104]

Translation (M. H. Shakir) [Al-Baqarah 2:104]:

O you who believe! do not say Ra‘ina and say Unzurna, and listen; and for the unbelievers there is a painful chastisement.

99-/572 _1- قَالَ الْإِمَامُ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«قَالَ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ): إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)لَمَّا قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ كَثُرَ حَوْلَهُ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَ الْأَنْصَارُ،وَ كَثُرَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْمَسَائِلُ،وَ كَانُوا يُخَاطِبُونَهُ بِالْخِطَابِ الشَّرِيفِ الْعَظِيمِ الَّذِي يَلِيقُ بِهِ،وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى كَانَ قَالَ لَهُمْ: يٰا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لاٰ تَرْفَعُوا أَصْوٰاتَكُمْ فَوْقَ صَوْتِ النَّبِيِّ وَ لاٰ تَجْهَرُوا لَهُ بِالْقَوْلِ كَجَهْرِ بَعْضِكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ أَنْ تَحْبَطَ أَعْمٰالُكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ لاٰ تَشْعُرُونَ [3].

وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)بِهِمْ رَحِيماً،وَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَطُوفاً،وَ فِي إِزَالَةِ الْآثَامِ عَنْهُمْ مُجْتَهِداً،حَتَّى إِنَّهُ كَانَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى كُلِّ مَنْ كَانَ يُخَاطِبُهُ فَيَعْمِدُ [4] عَلَى أَنْ يَكُونَ صَوْتُهُ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مُرْتَفِعاً عَلَى صَوْتِهِ،لِيُزِيلَ عَنْهُ مَا تَوَعَّدَهُ اللَّهُ بِهِ مِنْ إِحْبَاطِ أَعْمَالِهِ،حَتَّى إِنَّ رَجُلاً أَعْرَابِيّاً نَادَاهُ يَوْماً وَ هُوَ خَلْفَ حَائِطٍ بِصَوْتٍ لَهُ جَهْوَرِيٍّ:يَا مُحَمَّدُ،فَأَجَابَهُ بِأَرْفَعَ مِنْ

[1] في«ط»نسخة بدل:فليعمل.

[2] تفسير العيّاشي 1:74/52.

[3] الحجرات 49:2.

[4] في المصدر:فيعمل.

Translation:

99-/572 _1- Imam al-‘Askari (peace be upon him) said: “Musa son of Ja‘far (peace be upon them) said: When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) arrived in Medina, the Emigrants and Helpers thronged around him, and the questions to him increased. They used to address him with the noble, exalted form of address that befits him, for Allah, exalted is He, had said to them: ‘O you who believe! do not raise your voices above the Prophet’s voice, and do not speak loud to him as you speak loud to one another, lest your deeds become null while you do not perceive’ [3].

The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) was merciful to them, compassionate toward them, and diligent in removing sins from them, to the extent that he would look at everyone who addressed him and make sure [4] that his (may Allah bless him and his family) voice was raised above that person’s voice, in order to remove from him what Allah had threatened him with—namely, the nullification of his deeds. Indeed, one day a Bedouin called out to him while he was behind a wall in a stentorian voice, ‘O Muhammad!’ So he answered him in a voice louder than his, desiring that the Bedouin not incur sin by raising his voice.

The Bedouin said to him: Inform me about repentance—until when is it accepted? The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said: O brother of the Arabs, its door is open for the son of Adam and will not be shut until the sun rises from its setting-place; and that is His saying, Mighty and Majestic: ‘What do they wait for then but that the angels should come to them, or that your Lord should come, or that some of the signs of your Lord should come? On the day when some of the signs of your Lord shall come—(whose meaning is) the sun rising from its setting-place—its faith shall not profit a soul which did not believe before, or earn good by its faith’ [1].

And Musa son of Ja‘far (peace be upon them) said: This expression rā‘inā was among the expressions of the Muslims with which they addressed the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family). They would say, ‘Rā‘inā,’ meaning, ‘Consider our state, and hear from us as we hear from you.’ But in the language of the Jews its meaning was: ‘Listen—may you never be made to listen!’

When the Jews heard the Muslims addressing the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) with it, saying ‘Rā‘inā,’ and addressing him with it, they said [2]: Until now we have insulted Muhammad secretly; come now, let us insult him openly. So they would address the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) and say ‘Rā‘inā,’ intending thereby to insult him.

Sa‘d b. Mu‘ādh al-Ansari [3] perceived what they were doing and said: O enemies of Allah, may Allah’s curse be upon you! I see that you intend to abuse the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family), while making us imagine that you are following our way in addressing him. By Allah, I will not hear it from any of you except that I strike his neck. And were it not that I dislike to take action against you before seeking permission for it from him and from his brother and successor, ‘Ali b. Abi Talib (peace be upon him), the custodian of the community’s affairs and his deputy therein, I would have struck the neck of whoever among you I have heard say this.

Then Allah revealed: ‘Among the Jews are those who alter words from their places and say: We have heard and we disobey; and “Hear,” as one who does not hear; and “Rā‘inā,” twisting their tongues and slandering the religion; and had they said: We have heard and we obey, and “Hear,” and “Unzurnā,” it would have been better for them and more upright; but Allah has cursed them for their unbelief, so they do not believe except a few’ [4].

And He revealed: ‘O you who believe! do not say Rā‘inā, for it is a word by which your enemies among the Jews gain a means to insult the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) and to insult you; but say Unzurnā, that is, use this word and not the word Rā‘inā, for it does not contain what your saying [1] Rā‘inā contains, nor can they use it as a means to abuse, as they can with your saying: Rā‘inā. And listen when the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) speaks a statement to you, and obey.

And for the unbelievers—meaning the Jews who abuse the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family)—there is a painful and grievous punishment in this world if they return to their abuse, and in the Hereafter by abiding in the Fire.’”

الآية: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَرْفَعُوا أَصْوَاتَكُمْ فَوْقَ صَوْتِ النَّبِيِّ وَلَا تَجْهَرُوا لَهُ بِالْقَوْلِ كَجَهْرِ بَعْضِكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ أَنْ تَحْبَطَ أَعْمَالُكُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ لَا تَشْعُرُونَ [الحجرات 49:2]

Translation (M. H. Shakir):

O you who believe! do not raise your voices above the Prophet’s voice, and do not speak loud to him as you speak loud to one another, lest your deeds become null while you do not perceive.

الآية: هَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَأْتِيَهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ أَوْ يَأْتِيَ رَبُّكَ أَوْ يَأْتِيَ بَعْضُ آيَاتِ رَبِّكَ ۗ يَوْمَ يَأْتِي بَعْضُ آيَاتِ رَبِّكَ لَا يَنْفَعُ نَفْسًا إِيمَانُهَا لَمْ تَكُنْ آمَنَتْ مِنْ قَبْلُ أَوْ كَسَبَتْ فِي إِيمَانِهَا خَيْرًا [الأنعام 6:158]

Translation (M. H. Shakir):

What do they wait for then but that the angels should come to them, or that your Lord should come, or that some of the signs of your Lord should come? On the day when some of the signs of your Lord shall come, its faith shall not profit a soul which did not believe before, or earn good by its faith.

الآية: مِنَ الَّذِينَ هَادُوا يُحَرِّفُونَ الْكَلِمَ عَنْ مَوَاضِعِهِ وَيَقُولُونَ سَمِعْنَا وَعَصَيْنَا وَاسْمَعْ غَيْرَ مُسْمَعٍ وَرَاعِنَا لَيًّا بِأَلْسِنَتِهِمْ وَطَعْنًا فِي الدِّينِ ۚ وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا وَاسْمَعْ وَانْظُرْنَا لَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُمْ وَأَقْوَمَ وَلَٰكِنْ لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِكُفْرِهِمْ فَلَا يُؤْمِنُونَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا [النساء 4:46]

Translation (M. H. Shakir):

Of those who are Jews there are those who alter words from their places and say: We have heard and we disobey; and “Hear,” as one who does not hear, and “Rā‘inā,” twisting their tongues and slandering the religion; and if they had said: We have heard and we obey, and “Hear,” and “Unzurnā,” it would have been better for them and more upright; but Allah has cursed them for their unbelief, so they do not believe except a few.

قوله تعالى:

مٰا يَوَدُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتٰابِ وَ لاَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَنْ يُنَزَّلَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ خَيْرٍ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَ اللّٰهُ يَخْتَصُّ بِرَحْمَتِهِ مَنْ يَشٰاءُ وَ اللّٰهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ[105]

Translation (M. H. Shakir) [Al-Baqarah 2:105]:

Those who disbelieve from among the followers of the Book and the polytheists do not like that any good should be sent down to you from your Lord, and Allah chooses especially whom He pleases for His mercy, and Allah is the Lord of mighty grace.

99-/573 _1- قَالَ الْإِمَامُ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى ذَمَّ الْيَهُودَ [وَ النَّصَارَى]وَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَ النَّوَاصِبَ فَقَالَ: مٰا يَوَدُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتٰابِ الْيَهُودُ وَ النَّصَارَى وَ لاَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَ لاَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ الَّذِينَ هُمْ نَوَاصِبُ،يَغْتَاظُونَ لِذِكْرِ اللَّهِ وَ ذِكْرِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ فَضَائِلِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)، وَ إِبَانَتِهِ عَنْ شَرِيفِ فَضْلِهِ وَ مَحَلِّهِ أَنْ يُنَزَّلَ عَلَيْكُمْ لاَ يَوَدُّونَ أَنْ يُنَزَّلَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ خَيْرٍ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ مِنَ الْآيَاتِ الزَّائِدَاتِ فِي شَرَفِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ آلِهِمَا الطَّيِّبِينَ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ لاَ يَوَدُّونَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ دَلِيلٌ مُعْجِزٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ يُبَيِّنُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ آلِهِمَا.

فَهُمْ لِأَجْلِ ذَلِكَ يَمْنَعُونَ أَهْلَ دِينِهِمْ مِنْ أَنْ يُحَاجُّوكَ،مَخَافَةَ أَنْ تَبْهَرَهُمْ حُجَّتُكَ،وَ تُفْحِمَهُمْ مُعْجِزَتُكَ، فَيُؤْمِنَ بِكَ عَوَامُّهُمْ،أَوْ يَضْطَرِبُونَ عَلَى رُؤَسَائِهِمْ،فَلِذَلِكَ يَصُدُّونَ مَنْ يُرِيدُ لِقَاءَكَ-يَا مُحَمَّدُ-لِيَعْرِفَ أَمْرَكَ،بِأَنَّهُ لَطِيفٌ خَلاَّقٌ سَاحِرُ اللِّسَانِ،لاَ تَرَاهُ وَ لاَ يَرَاكَ خَيْرٌ لَكَ،وَ أَسْلَمُ لِدِينِكَ وَ دُنْيَاكَ،فَهُمْ بِمِثْلِ هَذَا يَصُدُّونَ الْعَوَامَّ عَنْكَ.

ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ اللّٰهُ يَخْتَصُّ بِرَحْمَتِهِ وَ تَوْفِيقِهِ لِدِينِ الْإِسْلاَمِ،وَ مُوَالاَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) مَنْ يَشٰاءُ وَ اللّٰهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ عَلَى مَنْ يُوَفِّقُهُ لِدِينِهِ،وَ يَهْدِيهِ لِمُوَالاَتِكَ وَ مُوَالاَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».

قَالَ:«فَلَمَّا قَرَّعَهُمْ [2] بِهَذَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،حَضَرَهُ مِنْهُمْ جَمَاعَةٌ فَعَانَدُوهُ،وَ قَالُوا:يَا مُحَمَّدُ،إِنَّكَ تَدَّعِي عَلَى قُلُوبِنَا خِلاَفَ مَا فِيهَا،مَا نَكْرَهُ أَنْ تَنْزِلَ عَلَيْكَ حُجَّةٌ تُلْزِمُ الاِنْقِيَادَ لَهَا فَنَنْقَادَ.

Translation:

99-/573 _1- Imam al-‘Askari (peace be upon him) said: “‘Ali b. Musa al-Rida (peace be upon him) said: Verily Allah, exalted is He, censured the Jews [and the Christians] and the polytheists and the nāsibīs, and said: ‘Those who disbelieve from among the People of the Book—the Jews and the Christians—and the polytheists, and also among the polytheists those who are nāsibīs, who are angered by the remembrance of Allah and the mention of Muhammad and the virtues of ‘Ali (peace be upon them), and the clarification of his noble merit and rank, do not wish that there be sent down upon you— they do not like that there be sent down upon you—from your Lord any good in the form of additional signs that increase the honor of Muhammad and ‘Ali and their pure Family (peace be upon them), nor do they like that there descend a miraculous proof from heaven that makes clear about Muhammad and ‘Ali and their Family.

For that reason they prevent the people of their religion from debating you, fearing that your proof will dazzle them and your miracle will silence them, so that their common folk would believe in you or they would revolt against their chiefs. Therefore they bar those who wish to meet you, O Muhammad, to learn about your affair, by saying: He is a smooth deceiver, a beguiler, a sorcerer of tongue; neither see him nor let him see you—this is better for you, and safer for your religion and your worldly life. In this way they turn the masses away from you.

Then Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: ‘And Allah chooses especially for His mercy and His enabling grace for the religion of Islam, and for the loyalty to Muhammad and ‘Ali (peace be upon them), whom He wills; and Allah is the Lord of mighty grace toward whomever He grants success to His religion and guides to be loyal to you and to be loyal to ‘Ali b. Abi Talib (peace be upon him).’”

He said: “When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) rebuked them [2] with this, a group of them came to him and stubbornly opposed him, saying: O Muhammad, you claim against our hearts what is contrary to what is in them. We do not dislike that a proof should descend upon you that obligates submission to it so that we submit.”

Footnotes (Arabic, then transliteration):

_1) -التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):305/477.

_al-tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-imām al-‘Askarī (alayhi al-salām): 305/477.

[1] في«ط»نسخة بدل:فليعمل.

_fī “Ṭā”: nuskha badal: fal-ya‘mal.

[2] تفسير العيّاشي 1:74/52.

_Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:74/52.

[3] الحجرات 49:2.

_al-Ḥujurāt 49:2.

[4] في المصدر:فيعمل.

_fī al-maṣdar: fa-ya‘mal.

[1] الأنعام 6:158.

_al-An‘ām 6:158.

[2] في المصدر زيادة:إنّا.

_fī al-maṣdar ziyāda: innā.

[3] سعد بن معاذ بن النّعمان بن امرئ القيس بن زيد بن عبد الأشهل بن جشم بن الحارث بن الخزرج.أسلم بالمدينة بين العقبة الأولى و الثّانية على يدي مصعب بن عمير،و شهد بدرا و أحدا و الخندق،و رمي يوم الخندق بسهم فعاش بعد ذلك شهرا ثمّ مات على أثر الجرح،و الّذي رماه بالسّهم حبّان بن العرقة،و قال:خذها و أنا ابن العرقة.فقال رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله):«عرّق اللّه وجهه في النّار».تهذيب الكمال 10:300،سير أعلام النّبلاء 1:279.

_Sa‘d ibn Mu‘ādh ibn al-Nu‘mān ibn Imri’ al-Qays ibn Zayd ibn ‘Abd al-Ashhal ibn Jashm ibn al-Ḥārith ibn al-Khazraj. Aslama bi-l-Madīna bayna al-‘Aqaba al-ūlā wa-th-thāniya ‘alā yaday Muṣ‘ab ibn ‘Umayr, wa shahida Badran wa Uḥudan wa al-Khandaq, wa rumiya yawma al-Khandaq bi-sahm fa ‘āsha ba‘da dhālika shahran thumma māta ‘alā athar al-jarḥ, wa alladhī ramāhu bi-l-sahm Ḥabbān ibn al-‘Arqa, wa qāl: khudh-hā wa anā ibn al-‘Arqa. Fa-qāla Rasūl Allāh (ṣallā Allāhu ‘alayhi wa ālih): “‘arraqa Allāhu wajhahu fī al-nār.” Tahdhīb al-Kamāl 10:300, Siyar A‘lām al-Nubalā’ 1:279.

[4] النّساء 4:46.

_al-Nisā’ 4:46.

[1] في المصدر:بقولهم.

_fī al-maṣdar: bi-qawlihim.

[2] قرّعت الرجل:إذا وبخته و عذلته.«لسان العرب-قرع-8:266».

_qarra‘ta al-rajul: idhā wabbaḫtahu wa ‘adaltahu. “Lisān al-‘Arab – q-r-‘ – 8:266.”