Al-Hajj Ayah 50-51
عِنْدِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،فَإِذَا عَلِمَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قِبَلِهِ لَمْ يَسْأَلِ اللَّهَ شَيْئاً إِلاَّ أَعْطَاهُ؛أَلاَ فَحَاسِبُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُحَاسَبُوا،فَإِنَّ فِي الْقِيَامَةِ خَمْسِينَ مَوْقِفاً،كُلُّ مَوْقِفٍ[مِثْلُ]أَلْفِ سَنَةٍ مِمَّا تَعُدُّونَ-ثُمَّ تَلاَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ- فِي يَوْمٍ كٰانَ مِقْدٰارُهُ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ [1].
In the presence of Allah, Mighty and Majestic. So when Allah knows that from him, he will not ask Allah for anything except that He gives it to him. So take yourselves to account before you are taken to account; for on the Day of Resurrection there are fifty stations, each station is like a thousand years of what you count—then he recited this verse—Fi yawmin kana miqdāruhu khamsīna alfa sanah [Quran 70:4]. M. H. Shakir: To Him ascend the angels and the Spirit in a day the measure of which is fifty thousand years.
وَ رَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً،عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ،عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«إِذَا أَرَادَ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ لاَ يَسْأَلَ رَبَّهُ شَيْئاً إِلاَّ أَعْطَاهُ»وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى آخِرِهِ،إِلاَّ أَنَّ فِيهِ:«مِقْدَارُهُ أَلْفُ سَنَةٍ»ثُمَّ تَلاَ،إِلَى آخِرِهِ [2].
And it was narrated by Muhammad b. Ya‘qub: from ‘Ali b. Ibrahim, from his father, and ‘Ali b. Muhammad together, from al-Qasim b. Muhammad, from Sulayman b. Dawud al-Minqari, from Hafs b. Ghiyath, who said: Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) said: “If one of you wants that he not ask his Lord for anything except that He grants it,” and he narrated the hadith to the end—except that in it is: “its measure is a thousand years”—then he recited to the end [2].
و سيأتي-إن شاء اللّه تعالى-في قوله تعالى: فِي يَوْمٍ كٰانَ مِقْدٰارُهُ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ من سورة المعارج [3].
And it will come—God willing, Most High—under His saying: Fi yawmin kana miqdāruhu khamsīna alfa sanah, from Surat al-Ma‘arij [3].
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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ،عَنْهُمْ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،فِي حَدِيثِ مَا وَعَظَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ عِيسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ فِيهِ: «يَا عِيسَى،تُبْ إِلَيَّ،فَإِنِّي لاَ يَتَعَاظَمُنِي ذَنْبٌ أَنْ أَغْفِرَهُ،وَ أَنَا أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ:اِعْمَلْ لِنَفْسِكَ فِي مُهْلَةٍ مِنْ أَجَلِكَ،قَبْلَ أَنْ لاَ تَعْمَلَ لَهَا،وَ اعْبُدْنِي لِيَوْمٍ كَأَلْفِ سَنَةٍ مِمَّا تَعُدُّونَ، فِيهِ أَجْزِي بِالْحَسَنَةِ أَضْعَافَهَا،وَ إِنَّ السَّيِّئَةَ تُوبِقُ صَاحِبَهَا».
Muhammad b. Ya‘qub: from ‘Ali b. Ibrahim, from his father, from ‘Ali b. Asbat, from them (peace be upon them), in the report of what Allah, Mighty and Majestic, admonished ‘Isa (peace be upon him), and in it: “O Jesus, turn to Me in repentance, for no sin is too great for Me to forgive, and I am the Most Merciful of the merciful. Work for yourself during the respite of your term before you are unable to work for it, and worship Me for a Day like a thousand years of what you count. In it I recompense the good deed with multiples of it, and surely the evil deed destroys its doer.” [4]
قوله تعالى:
فَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ عَمِلُوا الصّٰالِحٰاتِ لَهُمْ مَغْفِرَةٌ وَ رِزْقٌ كَرِيمٌ* وَ الَّذِينَ سَعَوْا فِي آيٰاتِنٰا مُعٰاجِزِينَ أُولٰئِكَ أَصْحٰابُ الْجَحِيمِ [50-51]
His saying, Most High:
Fa-alladhīna āmanū wa ‘amilū al-sālihāt lahum maghfiratun wa rizqun karīm • Wa alladhīna sa‘aw fī āyātinā mu‘ājizīn ulā’ika as-hābu al-jahīm [Quran 22:50-51]. M. H. Shakir: Therefore (as for) those who believe and do good, they shall have forgiveness and an honorable sustenance. And (as for) those who strive in opposing Our communications, they shall be the inmates of the flaming fire.
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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَمَّامٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْعَلَوِيِّ،عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ دَاوُدَ،عَنِ الْإِمَامِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ عَمِلُوا الصّٰالِحٰاتِ لَهُمْ مَغْفِرَةٌ وَ رِزْقٌ كَرِيمٌ .
قَالَ:«أُولَئِكَ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ)،وَ الَّذِينَ سَعَوْا فِي قَطْعِ مَوَدَّةِ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)مُعَاجِزِينَ أُولَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ الْجَحِيمِ-قَالَ-هُمُ الْأَرْبَعَةُ نَفَرٍ:اَلتَّيْمِيُّ،وَ الْعَدَوِيُّ،وَ الْأُمَوِيَّانِ».
Muhammad b. al-‘Abbas said: Muhammad b. Hammam related to us, from Muhammad b. Isma‘il al-‘Alawi, from ‘Isa b. Dawud, from Imam Musa b. Ja‘far, from his father (peace be upon them both), regarding His saying, Mighty and Majestic: Fa-alladhīna āmanū wa ‘amilū al-sālihāt lahum maghfiratun wa rizqun karīm. He said: “Those are the Family of Muhammad (may Allah’s blessings be upon them all); and those who strive to sever the love of the Family of Muhammad (peace be upon them) in opposition—they are the people of the Blaze.” He said: “They are the four persons: the Taymi, the ‘Adawi, and the two Umayyads.”
قوله تعالى:
وَ مٰا أَرْسَلْنٰا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ وَ لاٰ نَبِيٍّ -إلى قوله تعالى- عَذٰابُ يَوْمٍ عَقِيمٍ [52-55]
His saying, Most High:
Wa mā arsalnā min qablika min rasūlin walā nabiyyin — up to His saying — ‘adhābu yawmin ‘aqīm [Quran 22:52-55]. M. H. Shakir (selected phrases as cited): And We did not send before you any messenger or prophet, but when he desired, the Shaitan made a suggestion respecting his desire; but Allah annuls that which the Shaitan casts, then does Allah establish His communications, and Allah is Knowing, Wise. That He may make what the Shaitan casts a trial for those in whose hearts is a disease and the hard-hearted. … And those who disbelieve will not cease to be in doubt of it until the Hour comes upon them all of a sudden, or there comes to them the chastisement of a destructive day.
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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:إِنَّ الْعَامَّةَ رَوَوْا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)كَانَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ،فَقَرَأَ سُورَةَ النَّجْمِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ،وَ قُرَيْشٌ يَسْتَمِعُونَ لِقِرَاءَتِهِ،فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ: أَ فَرَأَيْتُمُ اللاّٰتَ وَ الْعُزّٰى* وَ مَنٰاةَ الثّٰالِثَةَ الْأُخْرىٰ [1]أَجْرَى إِبْلِيسُ عَلَى لِسَانِهِ:فَإِنَّهَا لَلْغَرَانِيقُ الْأُولَى،وَ إِنَّ شَفَاعَتَهُنَّ لَتُرْجَى.فَفَرِحَتْ قُرَيْشٌ،وَ سَجَدُوا، وَ كَانَ فِي الْقَوْمِ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ وَ هُوَ شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ،فَأَخَذَ كَفّاً مِنْ حَصًى،فَسَجَدَ عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ قَاعِدٌ،وَ قَالَتْ قُرَيْشٌ:قَدْ أَقَرَّ مُحَمَّدٌ بِشَفَاعَةِ اللاَّتِ وَ الْعُزَّى،قَالَ:فَنَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ لَهُ:قَدْ قَرَأْتَ مَا لَمْ أَنْزِلْ بِهِ عَلَيْكَ، وَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ: وَ مٰا أَرْسَلْنٰا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ وَ لاٰ نَبِيٍّ إِلاّٰ إِذٰا تَمَنّٰى أَلْقَى الشَّيْطٰانُ فِي أُمْنِيَّتِهِ فَيَنْسَخُ اللّٰهُ مٰا يُلْقِي الشَّيْطٰانُ .
و
أَمَّا الْخَاصَّةُ فَإِنَّهُمْ رَوَوْا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَصَابَتْهُ خَصَاصَةٌ،فَجَاءَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ،فَقَالَ لَهُ:هَلْ عِنْدَكَ مِنْ طَعَامٍ؟فَقَالَ:نَعَمْ،يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ.وَ ذَبَحَ لَهُ عَنَاقاً،وَ شَوَاهُ،فَلَمَّا أَدْنَاهُ مِنْهُ تَمَنَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَنْ يَكُونَ مَعَهُ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ،وَ الْحُسَيْنُ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ).
فَجَاءَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ،ثُمَّ جَاءَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بَعْدَهُمَا،فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ: وَ مٰا أَرْسَلْنٰا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ وَ لاٰ نَبِيٍّ وَ لاَ مُحَدَّثٍ إِلاّٰ إِذٰا تَمَنّٰى أَلْقَى الشَّيْطٰانُ فِي أُمْنِيَّتِهِ يَعْنِي فُلاَناً وَ فُلاَناً فَيَنْسَخُ اللّٰهُ مٰا يُلْقِي الشَّيْطٰانُ يَعْنِي لَمَّا جَاءَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بَعْدَهُمَا ثُمَّ يُحْكِمُ اللّٰهُ آيٰاتِهِ يَعْنِي بِنُصْرَةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».
ثُمَّ قَالَ: لِيَجْعَلَ مٰا يُلْقِي الشَّيْطٰانُ فِتْنَةً يَعْنِي فُلاَناً وَ فُلاَناً لِلَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ قَالَ:اَلشَّكُّ وَ الْقٰاسِيَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: إِلىٰ صِرٰاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ يَعْنِي إِلَى الْإِمَامِ الْمُسْتَقِيمِ.ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَ لاٰ يَزٰالُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فِي مِرْيَةٍ مِنْهُ أَيْ فِي شَكٍّ مِنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) حَتّٰى تَأْتِيَهُمُ السّٰاعَةُ بَغْتَةً أَوْ يَأْتِيَهُمْ عَذٰابُ يَوْمٍ عَقِيمٍ قَالَ:اَلْعَقِيمُ:اَلَّذِي لاَ مِثْلَ لَهُ فِي الْأَيَّامِ.
‘Ali b. Ibrahim: The common folk have related that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his Family) was in prayer and recited Surat al-Najm in the Sacred Mosque, and Quraysh were listening to his recitation. When he reached this verse: A-fa-ra’aytumu al-Lāta wa al-‘Uzzā • Wa Manāta al-thālithata al-ukhrā [Quran 53:19-20]. M. H. Shakir: Have you then considered the Lat and the Uzza, and Manat, the third, the last? Iblis made to flow upon his tongue: “Indeed they are the exalted cranes, and their intercession is hoped for.” Quraysh rejoiced and prostrated. Among the people was al-Walid b. al-Mughirah al-Makhzumi, an elderly man; he took a handful of pebbles and prostrated on them while seated. Quraysh said: “Muhammad has acknowledged the intercession of al-Lat and al-‘Uzza.” He said: Then Gabriel (peace be upon him) descended and said to him: “You have recited what I did not bring down upon you,” and He sent down to him: Wa mā arsalnā min qablika min rasūlin walā nabiyyin illā idhā tamannā alqā al-shaytānu fī umniyyatih fayansakhu Allāhu mā yulqī al-shaytān [Quran 22:52]. M. H. Shakir: And We did not send before you any messenger or prophet, but when he desired, the Shaitan made a suggestion respecting his desire; but Allah annuls that which the Shaitan casts.
As for the elect, they have related from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): “The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his Family) was afflicted by need, so he came to a man from the Ansar and said to him: ‘Do you have any food?’ He said: ‘Yes, O Messenger of Allah.’ He slaughtered for him a young she-goat and roasted it. When he brought it near to him, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his Family) wished that ‘Ali and Fatimah and al-Hasan and al-Husayn (peace be upon them) were with him. Then Abu Bakr and ‘Umar came, and then ‘Ali (peace be upon him) came after them. So Allah sent down regarding that: Wa mā arsalnā min qablika min rasūlin walā nabiyyin walā muḥaddathin illā idhā tamannā alqā al-shaytānu fī umniyyatih—meaning so-and-so and so-and-so—fayansakhu Allāhu mā yulqī al-shayṭān—meaning: when ‘Ali (peace be upon him) came after them—thumma yuḥkimu Allāhu āyātih—meaning: by the support of the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him).”
Then he said: Li-yaj‘ala mā yulqī al-shayṭānu fitnatan—meaning so-and-so and so-and-so—lilladhīna fī qulūbihim maraḍ—he said: doubt—and al-qāsiyati qulūbuhum—up to His saying: ilā ṣirāṭin mustaqīm—meaning: to the straight Imam. Then he said: Wa lā yazālu alladhīna kafarū fī miryatin minhu—meaning: in doubt regarding the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him)—ḥattā ta’tiyahumu al-sā‘atu baghtatan aw ya’tiyahum ‘adhābu yawmin ‘aqīm—he said: “al-‘aqīm: that which has no like among the days.” [Quran 22:53-55, M. H. Shakir excerpts as cited: That He may make what the Shaitan casts a trial for those in whose hearts is a disease and the hard-hearted… And those who disbelieve will not cease to be in doubt of it until the Hour comes upon them all of a sudden, or there comes to them the chastisement of a destructive day.]
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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ حَمَّادِ
Muhammad b. al-‘Abbas said: Muhammad b. al-Hasan b. ‘Ali related to us; he said: My father related to me, from his father, from Hammad…
_3) -الكافي 8:103/131.
_1) -تأويل الآيات 1:29/345.
[1] المعارج 70:4.
[2] الكافي 2:2/119.
[3] يأتي في الحديث(13)من تفسير الآية(4)من سورة المعارج.
[4] في المصدر:لا يعمل لها غيرك.
- al-kāfī 8:103/131.
- ta’wīl al-āyāt 1:29/345.
[1] al-Ma‘ārij 70:4.
[2] al-Kāfī 2:2/119.
[3] ya’tī fī al-ḥadīth (13) min tafsīr al-āyah (4) min Sūrat al-Ma‘ārij.
[4] fī al-maṣdar: lā ya‘malu lahā ghayruk.
_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:85.
_2) -تأويل الآيات 1:33/347.
[1] الآية:19 و 20.
[2] العناق:بالفتح،الأنثى من ولد المعز قبل استكمالها الحول.«مجمع البحرين-عنق-5:219».
- tafsīr al-Qummī 2:85.
- ta’wīl al-āyāt 1:33/347.
[1] al-āyah: 19 wa 20.
[2] al-‘anāq: bil-fatḥ, al-unthā min walad al-ma‘z qabla istikmālihā al-ḥawl. “Majma‘ al-Baḥrayn — ‘unuq — 5:219.”