Al-Anbiya Ayah 3-6

قوله تعالى:

بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

اِقْتَرَبَ لِلنّٰاسِ حِسٰابُهُمْ وَهُمْ فِي غَفْلَةٍ مُعْرِضُونَ. مَا يَأْتِيهِمْ مِنْ ذِكْرٍ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ مُحْدَثٍ إِلَّا اسْتَمَعُوهُ وَهُمْ يَلْعَبُونَ [الأنبياء 1-2]

Their reckoning has drawn near to men, and in heedlessness they turn aside. There comes not to them a new reminder from their Lord but they hear it while they sport. [Qur’an 21:1-2; M. H. Shakir]

/7098 _1- علي بن إبراهيم، في قوله تعالى: اِقْتَرَبَ لِلنّٰاسِ حِسٰابُهُمْ وَهُمْ فِي غَفْلَةٍ مُعْرِضُونَ، قال: قَرُبَتِ القيامةُ والساعةُ والحسابُ، ثمّ كنى عن قريش، فقال: مَا يَأْتِيهِمْ مِنْ ذِكْرٍ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ مُحْدَثٍ إِلَّا اسْتَمَعُوهُ وَهُمْ يَلْعَبُونَ قال: من التلهي.

/7098 - Ali ibn Ibrahim, regarding His saying: Iqtaraba li-l-nāsi ḥisābuhum wa hum fī ghaflatin mu‘riḍūn, said: The Resurrection, the Hour, and the Reckoning have drawn near. Then He used a euphemism for Quraysh, saying: Mā ya’tīhim min dhikrin min rabbihim muḥdathin illā istama‘ūhu wa hum yal‘abūn — meaning, out of diversion and play.

قوله تعالى:

وَأَسَرُّوا النَّجْوَى الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا هَلْ هَذَا إِلَّا بَشَرٌ مِثْلُكُمْ أَفَتَأْتُونَ السِّحْرَ وَأَنْتُمْ تُبْصِرُونَ. قَالَ رَبِّي يَعْلَمُ الْقَوْلَ فِي السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ. بَلْ قَالُوا أَضْغَاثُ أَحْلَامٍ بَلِ افْتَرَاهُ بَلْ هُوَ شَاعِرٌ فَلْيَأْتِنَا بِآيَةٍ كَمَا أُرْسِلَ الْأَوَّلُونَ. مَا آمَنَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنَاهَا أَفَهُمْ يُؤْمِنُونَ [الأنبياء 3-6]

And they say their secrets in secret: The unjust say: Is this aught but a mortal like yourselves? Will you then yield to enchantment while you see? He said: My Lord knows what is spoken in the heaven and the earth, and He is the Hearing, the Knowing. Nay, they say: Medleys of dreams; nay, he has forged it; nay, he is a poet; so let him bring to us a sign as the former were sent. There did not believe before them any town which We destroyed, will they then believe? [Qur’an 21:3-6; M. H. Shakir]

99-/7099 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ السَّيَّارِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ الْأَزْدِيِّ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: وَأَسَرُّوا النَّجْوَى الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا، قَالَ: «الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ (عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ) حَقَّهُمْ».

99-/7099 - Muhammad ibn al-‘Abbas said: Muhammad ibn al-Qasim narrated to us, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Sayyari, from Muhammad ibn Khalid al-Barqi, from Muhammad ibn ‘Ali, from ‘Ali ibn Hammad al-Azdi, from ‘Amr ibn Shimr, from Jabir, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) regarding His saying, Mighty and Majestic: Wa asarrū al-najwā alladhīna ẓalamū (And they say their secrets in secret: the unjust), he said: “They are those who wronged the Family of Muhammad (peace be upon them) of their right.”

99-/7100 _3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ)، قَالَ: يَقُولُ: «مَا أَلْقَوْهُ فِي صُدُورِهِمْ مِنَ الْعَدَاوَةِ لِأَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ وَالظُّلْمِ بَعْدَكَ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: وَأَسَرُّوا النَّجْوَى الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا هَلْ هَذَا إِلَّا بَشَرٌ مِثْلُكُمْ أَفَتَأْتُونَ السِّحْرَ وَأَنْتُمْ تُبْصِرُونَ».

99-/7100 - Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub: from ‘Ali ibn Muhammad, from ‘Ali ibn al-‘Abbas, from ‘Ali ibn Hammad, from ‘Amr ibn Shimr, from Jabir, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), said: “It means what they harbored in their breasts of enmity toward your Household and wrongdoing after you; and it is the saying of God, Mighty and Majestic: Wa asarrū al-najwā alladhīna ẓalamū hal hādhā illā basharun mithlukum a-fa-ta’tūna al-siḥra wa antum tubṣirūn.”

_1) - تفسير القمّيّ 2:67.

_1) - Tafsīru al-Qummī 2:67.

_2) - تأويل الآيات 1:1/324.

_2) - Ta’wīlu al-Āyāt 1:1/324.

_3) - الكافي 8:574/379.

_3) - al-Kāfī 8:574/379.

/7101 _1- علي بن إبراهيم: قوله تعالى: أَفَتَأْتُونَ السِّحْرَ وَأَنْتُمْ تُبْصِرُونَ: أي تأتون محمداً (صلّى اللّه عليه وآله) وهو ساحر، ثم قال: قل لهم، يا محمد: رَبِّي يَعْلَمُ الْقَوْلَ فِي السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ أي ما يُقال في السماء والأرض، ثم حكى الله قول قريش، فقال: بَلْ قَالُوا أَضْغَاثُ أَحْلَامٍ بَلِ افْتَرَاهُ أي هذا الذي يخبرنا به محمد يراه في النوم، وقال بعضهم: بل افتراه، أي يكذب، وقال بعضهم: بَلْ هُوَ شَاعِرٌ فَلْيَأْتِنَا بِآيَةٍ كَمَا أُرْسِلَ الْأَوَّلُونَ، فردّ الله عليهم، فقال: مَا آمَنَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنَاهَا أَفَهُمْ يُؤْمِنُونَ قال: كيف يؤمنون ولم يؤمن من كان قبلهم بالآيات حتى هلكوا!

/7101 - ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim: Regarding His saying: A-fa-ta’tūna al-siḥra wa antum tubṣirūn (Will you then yield to enchantment while you see?): that is, “Will you approach Muhammad (may God bless him and his family) as if he were a sorcerer?” Then He said: Say to them, O Muhammad: Rabbī ya‘lamu al-qawla fī al-samā’i wa al-arḍ (My Lord knows what is spoken in the heaven and the earth), meaning, what is said in the heaven and the earth. Then God related the saying of Quraysh: Bal qālū aḍghāthu aḥlām, bal iftarāhu — “This which Muhammad tells us he sees in sleep,” and some said, “Rather, he has forged it,” meaning, he lies; and some said, “Rather, he is a poet; so let him bring us a sign as the former were sent.” So God refuted them, saying: Mā āmanat qablahum min qaryatin ahlaknāhā a-fahum yu’minūn (There did not believe before them any town which We destroyed; will they then believe?). He said: How will they believe, when those before them did not believe in the signs until they perished!

قوله تعالى:

فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ [الأنبياء 7]

So ask the followers of the Reminder if you do not know. [Qur’an 21:7; M. H. Shakir]

/7102 _2- علي بن إبراهيم، قال: آلُ محمد (عليهم السلام) هم أهلُ الذِّكر.

/7102 - ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: The Family of Muhammad (peace be upon them) are the People of the Reminder.

/7103 _3- ثُمَّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي دَاوُدَ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ، عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ)، فِي قَوْلِهِ: فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ مَنِ الْمَعْنُونَ بِذَلِكَ؟ فَقَالَ: «نَحْنُ وَاللَّهِ». فَقُلْتُ: فَأَنْتُمُ الْمَسْؤُولُونَ؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ». قُلْتُ: وَنَحْنُ السَّائِلُونَ؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ». قُلْتُ: فَعَلَيْنَا أَنْ نَسْأَلَكُمْ؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ». قُلْتُ: وَعَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ تُجِيبُونَا؟ قَالَ: «لَا، ذَاكَ إِلَيْنَا، إِنْ شِئْنَا فَعَلْنَا، وَإِنْ شِئْنَا تَرَكْنَا - ثُمَّ قَالَ - هَذَا عَطَاؤُنَا فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ [1]».

99-/7103 - Then he said: Muhammad ibn Ja‘far narrated to us, he said: ‘Abdullah ibn Muhammad narrated to us, from Abu Dawud Sulayman ibn Sufyan, from Tha‘labah, from Zurārah, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying: Fas’alū ahla al-dhikri in kuntum lā ta‘lamūn — who are those addressed by that? He said: “By God, it is we.” I said: So you are the ones to be asked? He said: “Yes.” I said: And we are the questioners? He said: “Yes.” I said: So it is upon us to ask you? He said: “Yes.” I said: And it is upon you to answer us? He said: “No; that is up to us: if we wish, we do so, and if we wish, we leave it.” Then he said: Hādhā ‘aṭā’unā fa-mnun aw amsik bighayri ḥisāb [1].

99-/7104 _4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ الْحُصَيْنِ بْنِ مُخَارِقٍ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ طَرِيفٍ، عَنِ الْأَصْبَغِ بْنِ نُبَاتَةَ، عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ)، فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ. قَالَ: «نَحْنُ أَهْلُ الذِّكْرِ».

99-/7104 - Muhammad ibn al-‘Abbas said: Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Sa‘id narrated to us, from Ahmad ibn al-Hasan, from his father, from al-Husayn ibn Mukhāriq, from Sa‘d ibn Ṭarīf, from al-Aṣbagh ibn Nubātah, from the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, Mighty and Majestic: Fas’alū ahla al-dhikri in kuntum lā ta‘lamūn. He said: “We are the People of the Reminder.”

_1) - تفسير القمّيّ 2:67.

_1) - Tafsīru al-Qummī 2:67.

_2) - تفسير القمّيّ 2:68.

_2) - Tafsīru al-Qummī 2:68.

_3) - تفسير القمّيّ 2:68.

_3) - Tafsīru al-Qummī 2:68.

_4) - تأويل الآيات 1:2/324، شواهد التنزيل 1:463/336 «نحوه»، ينابيع المودة:119.

_4) - Ta’wīlu al-Āyāt 1:2/324, Shawāhid al-Tanzīl 1:463/336 “nahwahu”, Yanābī‘ al-Mawadda: 119.

[1] سورة ص 38:39.

[1] Surah Ṣād 38:39.