S 2 A 275-276

99-/1511 _6- وَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ الْمُخَالِفِينَ،مَا رَوَاهُ مُوَفَّقُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ فِي كِتَابِ(الْمَنَاقِبِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ بْنِ مُجَاهِدٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،قَالَ: كَانَ لِعَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَرْبَعَةُ دَرَاهِمَ فَأَنْفَقَهَا،وَاحِداً لَيْلاً،وَ وَاحِداً نَهَاراً،وَ وَاحِداً سِرّاً،وَ وَاحِداً عَلاَنِيَةً،فَنَزَلَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: اَلَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوٰالَهُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ النَّهٰارِ سِرًّا وَ عَلاٰنِيَةً فَلَهُمْ أَجْرُهُمْ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ وَ لاٰ خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لاٰ هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ ».

English: And from the path of the opponents, as narrated by Muwafaq b. Ahmad in his book al-Manaqib, with his chain from ‘Abd al-Wahhab b. Mujahid, from his father, who said: Ali (peace be upon him) had four dirhams. He spent one at night, one in the day, one secretly, and one openly. Then the saying of the Exalted was revealed: “Those who spend their property by night and day, secretly and openly, their reward is with their Lord, and they shall have no fear, nor shall they grieve.” (Quran 2:274, M. H. Shakir)

99-/1512 _7- و من طريقهم ما رواه ابن المغازلي،يرفعه إلى ابن عبّاس،في قوله تعالى: اَلَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوٰالَهُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ النَّهٰارِ سِرًّا وَ عَلاٰنِيَةً .قال:هو عليّ بن أبي طالب،كان له أربعة دراهم،فأنفق درهما سرا، و درهما علانية،و درهما بالليل،و درهما بالنهار.

و من(تفسير الثعلبي) مثل هذا.

English: And from their sources, what Ibn al-Maghazili narrated, raising it to Ibn ‘Abbas regarding His saying, “Those who spend their property by night and day, secretly and openly.” He said: It is Ali b. Abi Talib. He had four dirhams; he gave a dirham in secret, a dirham openly, a dirham at night, and a dirham by day. And in Tafsir al-Tha‘labi there is something similar.

99-/1513 _8- ابْنُ شَهْرَآشُوبَ فِي(الْمَنَاقِبِ):عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ،وَ السُّدِّيِّ،وَ مُجَاهِدٍ،وَ الْكَلْبِيِّ،وَ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، وَ الْوَاحِدِيِّ،وَ الطُّوسِيِّ،وَ الثَّعْلَبِيِّ،وَ الطَّبْرِسِيِّ،وَ الْمَاوَرْدِيِّ،وَ الْقُشَيْرِيِّ،وَ الثُّمَالِيِّ،وَ النَّقَّاشِ،وَ الْفَتَّالِ،وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَرْبٍ الطَّائِيِّ فِي تَفَاسِيرِهِمْ: أَنَّهُ كَانَ عِنْدَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَرْبَعَةُ دَرَاهِمَ فِضَّةً، فَتَصَدَّقَ بِوَاحِدٍ لَيْلاً،وَ بِوَاحِدٍ نَهَاراً،وَ بِوَاحِدٍ سِرّاً،وَ بِوَاحِدٍ عَلاَنِيَةً،فَنَزَلَ: اَلَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوٰالَهُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ النَّهٰارِ سِرًّا وَ عَلاٰنِيَةً فَسَمَّى كُلَّ دِرْهَمٍ مَالاً،وَ بَشَّرَهُ بِالْقَبُولِ.

رَوَاهُ النَّطَنْزِيُّ فِي(الْخَصَائِصِ).

English: Ibn Shahrashub in al-Manaqib reports from Ibn ‘Abbas, al-Suddi, Mujahid, al-Kalbi, Abu Salih, al-Wahidi, al-Tusi, al-Tha‘labi, al-Tabarsi, al-Mawardi, al-Qushairi, al-Thumali, al-Naqqash, al-Fattal, ‘Abd Allah b. al-Husayn, and ‘Ali b. Harb al-Ta’i, in their tafsirs: Ali b. Abi Talib (peace be upon him) had four silver dirhams. He gave one in alms by night, one by day, one secretly, and one openly. Then was revealed: “Those who spend their property by night and day, secretly and openly...” Thus He called each dirham “property” and gave him glad tidings of acceptance. It was also narrated by al-Natanzi in al-Khasa’is.

99-/1514 _9- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ: سَبَبُ النُّزُولِ،عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ:نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، كَانَتْ مَعَهُ أَرْبَعَةُ دَرَاهِمَ فَتَصَدَّقَ بِوَاحِدٍ لَيْلاً،وَ بِوَاحِدٍ نَهَاراً،وَ بِوَاحِدٍ سِرّاً،وَ بِوَاحِدٍ عَلاَنِيَةً. قَالَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ:

وَ هُوَ الْمَرْوِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ).

English: Abu ‘Ali al-Tabrisi (may Allah have mercy on him) said regarding the reason for revelation, from Ibn ‘Abbas: This verse was revealed about Ali (peace be upon him). He had four dirhams; he gave one in alms at night, one in the day, one secretly, and one openly. Abu ‘Ali al-Tabrisi said: And this is also narrated from Abu Ja‘far and Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon them both).

قوله تعالى:

اَلَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ الرِّبٰا لاٰ يَقُومُونَ إِلاّٰ كَمٰا يَقُومُ الَّذِي يَتَخَبَّطُهُ الشَّيْطٰانُ مِنَ الْمَسِّ [275]

English (Quran 2:275, M. H. Shakir): Those who swallow down usury cannot arise except as one whom the Satan has prostrated by (his) touch does rise.

_6) - مناقب الخوارزمي:198،مجمع الزوائد 6:324،ينابيع المودة:92.

Transliteration: Manāqib al-Khawārazmī: 198; Majma‘ al-Zawā’id 6:324; Yanābī‘ al-Mawadda: 92.

_7) - مناقب ابن المغازلي:325/280،فرائد السمطين 1:282/356،ينابيع المودة:290.

Transliteration: Manāqib Ibn al-Maghāzilī: 325/280; Farā’id al-Simṭayn 1:282/356; Yanābī‘ al-Mawadda: 290.

_8) - المناقب 2:71.

Transliteration: al-Manāqib 2:71.

_9) - مجمع البيان 2:667.

Transliteration: Majma‘ al-Bayān 2:667.

[1] تحفة الأبرار في مناقب الأئمة الأطهار:111 «مخطوط».

Transliteration: Tuhfat al-Abrār fī Manāqib al-A’immat al-Aṭhār: 111 “makhṭūṭ”.

[2] في المصدر:و عبيد اللّه.

Transliteration: Fī al-maṣdar: wa ‘Ubayd Allāh.

99-/1515 _1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ هِشَامٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:

«قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): لَمَّا أُسْرِيَ بِي إِلَى السَّمَاءِ رَأَيْتُ قَوْماً يُرِيدُ أَحَدُهُمْ أَنْ يَقُومَ فَلاَ يَقْدِرُ أَنْ يَقُومَ مِنْ عِظَمِ بَطْنِهِ،فَقُلْتُ:مَنْ هَؤُلاَءِ يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ؟».قَالَ هَؤُلاَءِ: اَلَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ الرِّبٰا لاٰ يَقُومُونَ إِلاّٰ كَمٰا يَقُومُ الَّذِي يَتَخَبَّطُهُ الشَّيْطٰانُ مِنَ الْمَسِّ وَ إِذَا هُمْ بِسَبِيلِ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ،يُعْرَضُونَ عَلَى النَّارِ غُدُوّاً وَ عَشِيّاً،وَ يَقُولُونَ:رَبَّنَا مَتَى تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ؟».

English: ‘Ali b. Ibrahim said: My father narrated to me, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Hisham, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said: When I was taken by night to the heaven, I saw a people; one of them wanted to stand up but could not rise because of the enormity of his belly. I asked, “Who are these, O Jibril?” He said: These are “those who swallow down usury cannot arise except as one whom the Satan has prostrated by (his) touch does rise” (Quran 2:275, M. H. Shakir). And they were on the path of the House of Pharaoh, presented to the Fire morning and evening, and saying: “Our Lord, when will the Hour arise?”

99-/1516 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ شِهَابِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: «آكِلُ الرِّبَا لاَ يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى يَتَخَبَّطَهُ الشَّيْطَانُ».

English: Al-‘Ayyashi: from Shihab b. ‘Abd Rabbih, who said: I heard Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him) say: “The usury-eater does not depart this world until Satan confounds him.”

قوله تعالى:

ذٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قٰالُوا إِنَّمَا الْبَيْعُ مِثْلُ الرِّبٰا وَ أَحَلَّ اللّٰهُ الْبَيْعَ وَ حَرَّمَ الرِّبٰا فَمَنْ جٰاءَهُ مَوْعِظَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِ فَانْتَهىٰ فَلَهُ مٰا سَلَفَ وَ أَمْرُهُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ وَ مَنْ عٰادَ فَأُولٰئِكَ أَصْحٰابُ النّٰارِ هُمْ فِيهٰا خٰالِدُونَ* يَمْحَقُ اللّٰهُ الرِّبٰا وَ يُرْبِي الصَّدَقٰاتِ وَ اللّٰهُ لاٰ يُحِبُّ كُلَّ كَفّٰارٍ أَثِيمٍ [275-276]

English (Quran 2:275-276, M. H. Shakir): That is because they say, Trading is only like usury; and Allah has allowed trading and forbidden usury. To whomsoever then the admonition has come from his Lord, then he desists, he shall have what has already passed, and his affair is in the hands of Allah; and whoever returns (to it) — these are the inmates of the fire; they shall abide in it. Allah does not bless usury, and He causes charitable deeds to prosper, and Allah does not love any ungrateful sinner.

99-/1517 _3- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ فِي(الْفَقِيهِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بَيَّاعِ السَّابِرِيِّ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):

جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،إِنَّ النَّاسَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ الرِّبْحَ عَلَى الْمُضْطَرِّ حَرَامٌ وَ هُوَ مِنَ الرِّبَا؟فَقَالَ:«وَ هَلْ رَأَيْتَ أَحَداً اشْتَرَى-غَنِيّاً أَوْ فَقِيراً-إِلاَّ مِنْ ضَرُورَةٍ؟يَا عُمَرُ،قَدْ أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ الْبَيْعَ وَ حَرَّمَ الرِّبَا،فَارْبَحْ وَ لاَ تُرْبِ».

قُلْتُ:وَ مَا الرِّبَا؟قَالَ:«دَرَاهِمُ بِدَرَاهِمَ،مِثْلاَنِ بِمِثْلٍ».

وَ رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ الشَّيْخُ فِي(التَّهْذِيبِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بَيَّاعِ السَّابِرِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ ذَكَرَ مِثْلَهُ،إِلاَّ أَنَّ فِي آخِرِهِ:قُلْتُ:وَ مَا الرِّبَا؟قَالَ:«دَرَاهِمُ بِدَرَاهِمَ،مِثْلَيْنِ بِمِثْلٍ،وَ حِنْطَةٌ بِحِنْطَةٍ،مِثْلَيْنِ بِمِثْلٍ».

English: Ibn Babawayh in al-Faqih, with his chain from ‘Umar b. Yazid, the seller of fine cloth, who said: I said to Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him): May I be your ransom, people claim that taking profit from the one in necessity is unlawful and that it is usury. He said: Have you ever seen anyone buy—rich or poor—except out of some need? O ‘Umar, Allah has permitted sale and forbidden usury, so profit but do not practice usury. I said: And what is usury? He said: Dirhams for dirhams, equal for equal. And the Shaykh narrated this hadith in al-Tahdhib with his chain from ‘Umar b. Yazid, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), and mentioned similarly, except that at its end: I said: And what is usury? He said: Dirhams for dirhams, two equal amounts; and wheat for wheat, two equal amounts.

99-/1518 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْخَزَّازِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَمَنْ جٰاءَهُ مَوْعِظَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِ فَانْتَهىٰ فَلَهُ مٰا سَلَفَ .

قَالَ:«الْمَوْعِظَةُ:اَلتَّوْبَةُ».

English: Muhammad b. Ya‘qub: from ‘Ali b. Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Abu Ayyub al-Khazzaz, from Muhammad b. Muslim, from one of the two (peace be upon them) regarding the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: “To whomsoever the admonition has come from his Lord, then he desists, he shall have what has already passed” (Quran 2:275, M. H. Shakir). He said: The admonition is repentance.

99-/1519 _3- عَنْهُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لاَ يَكُونُ الرِّبَا إِلاَّ فِيمَا يُكَالُ أَوْ يُوزَنُ».

English: From him, with his chain from ‘Ubayd b. Zurara, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: “Usury occurs only in what is measured by volume or by weight.”

99-/1520 _4- الشَّيْخُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،مِنْ أَهْلِ خُرَاسَانَ،قَدْ عَمِلَ بِالرِّبَا حَتَّى كَثُرَ مَالُهُ،ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ سَأَلَ الْفُقَهَاءَ، فَقَالُوا:لَيْسَ يُقْبَلُ مِنْكَ شَيْءٌ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَرُدَّهُ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ،فَجَاءَ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَقَصَّ عَلَيْهِ قِصَّتَهُ،فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«مَخْرَجُكَ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَمَنْ جٰاءَهُ مَوْعِظَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِ فَانْتَهىٰ فَلَهُ مٰا سَلَفَ وَ أَمْرُهُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ وَ الْمَوْعِظَةُ:اَلتَّوْبَةُ».

English: The Shaykh, with his chain from al-Husayn b. Sa‘id, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Abu Ayyub, from Muhammad b. Muslim, who said: A man from Khurasan who had practiced usury until his wealth increased entered upon Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him). He had asked the jurists, and they told him: Nothing will be accepted from you except that you return it to its owners. He came to Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) and related his story. Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said to him: Your way out is in the Book of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: “To whomsoever then the admonition has come from his Lord, then he desists, he shall have what has already passed, and his affair is in the hands of Allah” (Quran 2:275, M. H. Shakir). And the admonition is repentance.

99-/1521 _5- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: فَمَنْ جٰاءَهُ مَوْعِظَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِ فَانْتَهىٰ فَلَهُ مَا سَلَفَ وَ أَمْرُهُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ .قَالَ:«الْمَوْعِظَةُ:اَلتَّوْبَةُ».

English: Al-‘Ayyashi: from Muhammad b. Muslim, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), regarding Allah’s saying: “To whomsoever then the admonition has come from his Lord, then he desists, he shall have what has already passed, and his affair is in the hands of Allah” (Quran 2:275, M. H. Shakir). He said: The admonition is repentance.

99-/1522 _6- عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «لاَ يَكُونُ الرِّبَا إِلاَّ فِيمَا يُكَالُ أَوْ يُوزَنُ».

English: From Zurara, who said: Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him) said: “Usury occurs only in what is measured by volume or by weight.”

99-/1523 _7- عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ: أَنَّ رَجُلاً سَأَلَ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ قَدْ عَمِلَ بِالرِّبَا حَتَّى كَثُرَ مَالُهُ،بَعْدَ أَنْ سَأَلَ غَيْرَهُ مِنَ الْفُقَهَاءِ،فَقَالُوا لَهُ:لَيْسَ يُقْبَلُ مِنْكَ شَيْءٌ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَرُدَّهُ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ.فَلَمَّا قَصَّ عَلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ،قَالَ لَهُ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«مَخْرَجُكَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى قَوْلُهُ: فَمَنْ جٰاءَهُ مَوْعِظَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِ فَانْتَهىٰ فَلَهُ مَا سَلَفَ وَ أَمْرُهُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ وَ الْمَوْعِظَةُ:اَلتَّوْبَةُ».

English: From Muhammad b. Muslim: A man asked Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him). He had practiced usury until his wealth increased, after he had asked other jurists who told him: Nothing will be accepted from you except to return it to its owners. When he related this to Abu Ja‘far, he said to him: Your way out is in the Book of Allah, the Exalted, His saying: “To whomsoever then the admonition has come from his Lord, then he desists, he shall have what has already passed, and his affair is in the hands of Allah.” And the admonition is repentance. (Quran 2:275, M. H. Shakir)

99-/1524 _8- الشَّيْخُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)

قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ:سَمِعْتُ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ: يَمْحَقُ اللّٰهُ الرِّبٰا وَ يُرْبِي الصَّدَقٰاتِ ،وَ قَدْ أَرَى مَنْ يَأْكُلُ الرِّبَا يَرْبُو مَالُهُ! فَقَالَ:«أَيُّ مَحْقٍ أَمْحَقُ مِنْ دِرْهَمِ الرِّبَا،يَمْحَقُ الدِّينَ،وَ إِنْ تَابَ مِنْهُ ذَهَبَ مَالُهُ وَ افْتَقَرَ».

English: The Shaykh, with his chain from Ahmad b. Muhammad, from ‘Uthman b. ‘Isa, from Zurara, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him): He said: I said to him: I heard Allah say, “Allah does not bless usury, and He causes charitable deeds to prosper” (Quran 2:276, M. H. Shakir), yet I see the wealth of the usury-eater increase! He replied: “What effacement is more effacing than a dirham of usury? It effaces religion; and if he repents from it, his wealth will go and he will become poor.”

99-/1525 _9- عَنْهُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ،قَالَ:

قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):سَمِعْتُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ: يَمْحَقُ اللّٰهُ الرِّبٰا وَ يُرْبِي الصَّدَقٰاتِ ،وَ قَدْ أَرَى مَنْ يَأْكُلُ الرِّبَا يَرْبُو مَالُهُ! فَقَالَ:«فَأَيُّ مَحْقٍ أَمْحَقُ مِنْ دِرْهَمِ الرِّبَا،يَمْحَقُ الدِّينَ،وَ إِنْ تَابَ ذَهَبَ مَالُهُ وَ افْتَقَرَ».

English: From him, with his chain from Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-Saffar, from Muhammad b. ‘Isa, from Sama‘ah b. Mihran, who said: I said to Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him): I heard Allah, Mighty and Majestic, say in His Book, “Allah does not bless usury, and He causes charitable deeds to prosper” (Quran 2:276, M. H. Shakir), yet I see the wealth of the usury-eater increase! He said: “So what effacement is more effacing than a dirham of usury? It effaces religion; and if he repents, his wealth will go and he will become poor.”

99-/1526 _10- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي حَفْصَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ:لَيْسَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلاَّ وَكَّلْتُ بِهِ مَنْ يَقْبِضُهُ غَيْرِي،إِلاَّ الصَّدَقَةَ فَإِنِّي أَتَلَقَّفُهَا بِيَدِي تَلَقُّفاً،حَتَّى إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ وَ الْمَرْأَةَ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِالتَّمْرَةِ وَ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ،فَأُرْبِيهَا لَهُ كَمَا يُرْبِي الرَّجُلُ فَلُوَّهُ وَ فَصِيلَهُ،فَيَلْقَانِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ هِيَ مِثْلُ أُحُدٍ،وَ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ أُحُدٍ».

English: Al-‘Ayyashi: from Salim b. Abi Hafsah, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: “Indeed Allah says: There is nothing except that I have appointed over it one who takes it, other than Me—except for charity; for I personally receive it with My hand. Even when a man or a woman gives a date or half a date in charity, I nurture it for him as a man nurtures his colt and his young camel, until he meets Me on the Day of Resurrection and it is like Uhud, and greater than Uhud.”

99-/1527 _11- عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَمَّامِ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،عَنِ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيُرْبِي لِأَحَدِكُمُ الصَّدَقَةَ كَمَا يُرْبِي أَحَدُكُمْ وَلَدَهُ،حَتَّى يَلْقَاهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ هِيَ مِثْلُ أُحُدٍ».

English: From Muhammad al-Qammam, from ‘Ali b. al-Husayn (peace be upon him), from the Prophet (may Allah bless him and his family), who said: “Allah surely nurtures one of your charities as one of you nurtures his child, until he meets it on the Day of Resurrection and it is like Uhud.”

99-/1528 _12- عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى:أَنَا خَالِقُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ،وَكَّلْتُ بِالْأَشْيَاءِ غَيْرِي إِلاَّ الصَّدَقَةَ،فَإِنِّي أَقْبِضُهَا بِيَدِي،حَتَّى إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ وَ الْمَرْأَةَ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِشِقِّ التَّمْرَةِ،فَأُرْبِيهَا لَهُ كَمَا يُرْبِي الرَّجُلُ مِنْكُمْ فَصِيلَهُ وَ فَلُوَّهُ،حَتَّى أَتْرُكَهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَعْظَمَ مِنْ أُحُدٍ».

English: From Abu Hamzah, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “Allah, Blessed and Exalted, said: I am the Creator of everything. I have appointed others over things besides Me, except charity—for I take it with My own hand. Indeed, a man or a woman gives half a date in charity, and I nurture it for him as one of you nurtures his young camel and his colt, until I leave it on the Day of Resurrection greater than Uhud.”

99-/1529 _13- عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَخِيهِ مُوسَى،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:«قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ شَيْءٌ إِلاَّ وَ قَدْ وُكِّلَ بِهِ مَلَكٌ،غَيْرَ الصَّدَقَةِ،فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْخُذُهَا بِيَدِهِ وَ يُرْبِيهَا،كَمَا يُرَبِّي أَحَدُكُمْ وَلَدَهُ،حَتَّى يَلْقَاهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ هِيَ مِثْلُ أُحُدٍ».

English: From ‘Ali b. Ja‘far, from his brother Musa, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said: “There is nothing except that an angel is appointed over it, except charity; for Allah takes it with His hand and nurtures it as one of you nurtures his child, until he meets it on the Day of Resurrection and it is like Uhud.”

99-/1530 _14- الشَّيْخُ فِي(أَمَالِيهِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،عَنِ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ: أَنَّهُ تَلاَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ:

فَأُولٰئِكَ أَصْحٰابُ النّٰارِ هُمْ فِيهٰا خَالِدُونَ قِيلَ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ؟قَالَ:«مَنْ قَاتَلَ عَلِيّاً بَعْدِي فَأُولَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ مَعَ الْكُفَّارِ،فَقَدْ كَفَرُوا بِالْحَقِّ لَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ،وَ إِنَّ عَلِيّاً بَضْعَةٌ مِنِّي،فَمَنْ حَارَبَهُ فَقَدْ حَارَبَنِي، وَ أَسْخَطَ رَبِّي».

English: The Shaykh in his Amali, with his chain from ‘Ali (peace be upon him), from the Prophet (may Allah bless him and his family): He recited this verse: “...these are the inmates of the fire; they shall abide in it” (Quran 2:275, M. H. Shakir). It was asked: O Messenger of Allah, who are the inmates of the Fire? He said: “Those who fight Ali after me—those are the inmates of the Fire along with the unbelievers. They disbelieved in the truth when it came to them. Indeed, Ali is a part of me; whoever fights him has fought me, and angered my Lord.” Then he called Ali (peace be upon him) and said: “O Ali, your war is my war, and your peace is my peace; and you are the standard between me and my community after me.”

قوله تعالى:

يٰا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ وَ ذَرُوا مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الرِّبَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ* فَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا فَأْذَنُوا بِحَرْبٍ مِنَ اللّٰهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ وَ إِنْ تُبْتُمْ فَلَكُمْ رُؤُسُ أَمْوَالِكُمْ لَا تَظْلِمُونَ وَ لَا تُظْلَمُونَ [278-279]

English (Quran 2:278-279, M. H. Shakir): O you who believe! be careful of (your duty to) Allah and relinquish what remains (due) from usury, if you are believers. But if you do (it) not, then be apprised of war from Allah and His Apostle; and if you repent, then you shall have your capital; neither shall you make (the debtor) suffer loss, nor shall you be made to suffer loss.

99-/1531 _1- الشَّيْخُ فِي(التَّهْذِيبِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنْ فَضَالَةَ،عَنْ أَبَانٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)؛وَ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ حَمَّادٍ،عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،أَنَّهُمَا قَالاَ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ الدَّيْنُ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى،فَيَأْتِيهِ غَرِيمُهُ،فَيَقُولُ لَهُ:اُنْقُدْ لِي مِنَ الَّذِي لِي كَذَا وَ كَذَا،وَ أَضَعُ عَنْكَ بَقِيَّتَهُ،أَوْ يَقُولُ:اُنْقُدْ لِي بَعْضاً،وَ أَمُدُّ لَكَ فِي الْأَجَلِ فِيمَا بَقِيَ.

قَالَ:«لاَ أَرَى بِهِ بَأْساً،مَا لَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَى رَأْسِ مَالِهِ شَيْئاً،يَقُولُ اللَّهُ: فَلَكُمْ رُؤُسُ أَمْوَالِكُمْ لاَ تَظْلِمُونَ وَ لاَ تُظْلَمُونَ ».

ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ فِي(الْفَقِيهِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،مِثْلَهُ.

English: The Shaykh in al-Tahdhib, with his chain from al-Husayn b. Sa‘id, from Fadala, from Aban, from Muhammad b. Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him); and from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Hammad, from al-Halabi, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him): both said regarding a man who owes a debt to a specified term, and his creditor comes and says: Pay me such-and-such of what you owe and I will waive the rest; or he says: Pay me some now and I will extend the term for what remains. He said: “I see no harm in it, so long as he does not increase anything over his principal. Allah says: ‘Then you shall have your capital; neither shall you make (the debtor) suffer loss, nor shall you be made to suffer loss’” (Quran 2:279, M. H. Shakir). Ibn Babawayh in al-Faqih narrates similarly with his chain from Aban, from Muhammad b. Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him).

99-/1532 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ الدَّيْنُ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى فَيَأْتِيهِ غَرِيمُهُ،فَيَقُولُ:اُنْقُدْ لِي.

فَقَالَ:«لاَ أَرَى بِهِ بَأْساً،لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَى رَأْسِ مَالِهِ،وَ قَالَ اللَّهُ: فَلَكُمْ رُؤُسُ أَمْوَالِكُمْ لاَ تَظْلِمُونَ وَ لاَ تُظْلَمُونَ ».

English: Al-‘Ayyashi: from al-Halabi, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), regarding a man who owes a debt to a specified term and his creditor comes and says: Pay me. He said: “I see no harm in it, because he does not increase over his principal. And Allah said: ‘Then you shall have your capital; neither shall you make (the debtor) suffer loss, nor shall you be made to suffer loss’” (Quran 2:279, M. H. Shakir).

99-/1533 _3- عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرٍو الزُّبَيْرِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «إِنَّ التَّوْبَةَ مُطَهِّرَةٌ مِنْ دَنَسِ الْخَطِيئَةِ، قَالَ تَعَالَى: يٰا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ وَ ذَرُوا مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الرِّبَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ -إِلَى قَوْلِهِ:- تَظْلِمُونَ فَهَذَا مَا دَعَا اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ عِبَادَهُ مِنَ التَّوْبَةِ،وَ وَعَدَ عَلَيْهَا مِنْ ثَوَابِهِ،فَمَنْ خَالَفَ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ مِنَ التَّوْبَةِ سَخِطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ،وَ كَانَتِ النَّارُ أَوْلَى بِهِ وَ أَحَقَّ».

English: From Abu ‘Amr al-Zubayri, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: “Repentance purifies from the filth of sin. The Exalted said: ‘O you who believe! be careful of (your duty to) Allah and relinquish what remains (due) from usury, if you are believers ... then you shall have your capital; neither shall you make (the debtor) suffer loss, nor shall you be made to suffer loss’” (Quran 2:278–279, M. H. Shakir). “This is what Allah has called His servants to—repentance—and He has promised His reward for it. Whoever opposes what Allah has commanded of repentance, Allah is angered with him, and the Fire has more right to him and is most fitting.”

_1) - تفسير القمّيّ 1:93.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:93.

_2) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:503/152.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:503/152.

_3) - من لا يحضره الفقيه 3:793/176.

Transliteration: Man lā yaḥḍuruhu al-Faqīh 3:793/176.

[1] ما بعد الآية ليس في المصدر المطبوع،و مثبت في الطبعة الحجرية:50.

Transliteration: Mā ba‘d al-āyah laysa fī al-maṣdar al-maṭbū‘, wa muthbatan fī al-ṭab‘ah al-ḥajarīyah: 50.

_2) - الكافي 2:2/314.

Transliteration: al-Kāfī 2:2/314.

_3) - الكافي 5:10/146.

Transliteration: al-Kāfī 5:10/146.

_4) - التهذيب 7:68/15.

Transliteration: al-Tahdhīb 7:68/15.

_5) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:505/152.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:505/152.

_6) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:504/152.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:504/152.

_7) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:506/152.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:506/152.

_8) - التهذيب 7:65/15.

Transliteration: al-Tahdhīb 7:65/15.

[1] التهذيب 7:78/18.

Transliteration: al-Tahdhīb 7:78/18.

[2] في المصدر:يقيك.

Transliteration: Fī al-maṣdar: yaqīka.

[3] في «ط»:قصّ أبا جعفر.

Transliteration: Fī “Ṭ”: qaṣṣa Abā Ja‘far.

_9) - التهذيب 7:83/19.

Transliteration: al-Tahdhīb 7:83/19.

_10) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:507/152.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:507/152.

_11) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:508/153.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:508/153.

_12) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:509/153.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:509/153.

_13) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:510/153.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:510/153.

_14) - الأمالي 1:374،مناقب ابن المغازلي:73/50«قطعة منه».

Transliteration: al-Amālī 1:374; Manāqib Ibn al-Maghāzilī: 73/50 “qiṭ‘ah minhu”.

_1) - التهذيب 6:475/207.

Transliteration: al-Tahdhīb 6:475/207.

_2) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:511/153.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:511/153.

_3) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:512/153.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:512/153.

[1] من لا يحضره الفقيه 3:55/21.

Transliteration: Man lā yaḥḍuruhu al-Faqīh 3:55/21.