Maryam Ayah 37

مريم آيه 37

حَدَّثَنَا كَثِيرُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ الْقَطَّانُ،عَنْ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ زِيَادِ بْنِ الْمُنْذِرِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْبَاقِرِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لَمَّا وُلِدَ عِيسَى بْنُ مَرْيَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)كَانَ ابْنَ يَوْمٍ كَأَنَّهُ ابْنُ شَهْرَيْنِ،فَلَمَّا كَانَ ابْنَ سَبْعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ،أَخَذَتْ وَالِدَتُهُ بِيَدِهِ وَ جَاءَتْ بِهِ إِلَى الْكُتَّابِ،فَأَقْعَدَتْهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْمُؤَدِّبِ،فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمُؤَدِّبُ:قُلْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ.فَقَالَ عِيسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ.فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمُؤَدِّبُ:قُلْ أَبْجَدْ فَرَفَعَ عِيسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)رَأْسَهُ،فَقَالَ:وَ هَلْ تَدْرِي مَا أَبْجَدْ؟فَعَلاَهُ بِالدِّرَّةِ لِيَضْرِبَهُ،فَقَالَ:يَا مُؤَدِّبُ،لاَ تَضْرِبْنِي إِنْ كُنْتَ تَدْرِي،وَ إِلاَّ فَسَلْنِي حَتَّى أُفَسِّرَ لَكَ.قَالَ: فَسِّرْهُ لِي. فَقَالَ:عِيسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):اَلْأَلِفُ:آلاَءُ اللَّهِ،وَ الْبَاءُ:بَهْجَةُ اللَّهِ،وَ الْجِيمُ:جَمَالُ اللَّهِ،وَ الدَّالُ:دِينُ اللَّهِ،هَوَّزْ،الْهَاءُ: هَوْلُ جَهَنَّمَ،وَ الْوَاوُ:وَيْلٌ لِأَهْلِ النَّارِ،وَ الزَّايُ:زَفِيرُ جَهَنَّمَ،حُطِّي:حُطَّتِ الْخَطَايَا عَنِ الْمُسْتَغْفِرِينَ،كَلَمَنْ:كَلاَمُ اللَّهِ لاَ مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِمَاتِهِ،سَعْفَصْ:صَاعٌ وَ الْجَزَاءُ بِالْجَزَاءِ،قَرَشَتْ:قَرَشَهُمْ فَحَشَرَهُمْ. فَقَالَ الْمُؤَدِّبُ:أَيَّتُهَا الْمَرْأَةُ خُذِي بِيَدِ ابْنِكِ فَقَدْ عُلِّمَ وَ لاَ حَاجَةَ لَهُ فِي الْمُؤَدِّبِ».

He reported to us Kathir b. ‘Ayyash al-Qattan, from Abu al-Jarud Ziyad b. al-Mundhir, from Abu Ja‘far Muhammad b. ‘Ali al-Baqir (peace be upon him), who said: When Jesus son of Mary (peace be upon him) was born, on the first day he was like a child of two months. When he was seven months old, his mother took him by the hand and brought him to the kuttab (elementary school), and sat him before the tutor. The tutor said to him, “Say: In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.” Jesus (peace be upon him) said: “In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.” The tutor said to him, “Say: abjad.” Jesus (peace be upon him) raised his head and said, “Do you know what abjad is?” The tutor lifted the rod to strike him. He said, “O tutor, do not strike me. If you know it, then [fine]; otherwise ask me so that I may explain it to you.” He said, “Explain it to me.” Jesus (peace be upon him) said: “Alif: the favors of Allah; ba’: the splendor of Allah; jim: the beauty of Allah; dal: the religion of Allah. Hawwaz: ha’: the terror of Hell; waw: woe to the people of the Fire; zay: the roaring of Hell. Hutti: the sins are lifted from those who seek forgiveness. Kalaman: the speech of Allah—there is no changer of His words. Sa‘fas: a measure, and recompense with like recompense. Qarashat: He gathered them and mustered them.” The tutor said, “Woman, take your son by the hand, for he has been taught and has no need of a tutor.”

قوله تعالى: فَاخْتَلَفَ الْأَحْزَابُ مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ فَوَيْلٌ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ مَشْهَدِ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ [37]

[Qur’an 19:37] M. H. Shakir: But the parties from among them disagreed, so woe to those who disbelieve because of presence on a great day.

99-/6883 _1- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ جَابِرٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،يَقُولُ: «الْزَمِ الْأَرْضَ لاَ تُحَرِّكْ يَدَكَ وَ لاَ رِجْلَكَ أَبَداً حَتَّى تَرَى عَلاَمَاتٍ أَذْكُرُهَا لَكَ فِي سَنَةٍ،وَ تَرَى مُنَادِياً يُنَادِي بِدِمَشْقَ،وَ خَسْفاً بِقَرْيَةٍ مِنْ قُرَاهَا،وَ تَسْقُطُ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْ مَسْجِدِهَا،فَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ التُّرْكَ جَازُوهَا،فَأَقْبَلَتِ التُّرْكُ حَتَّى نَزَلَتِ الْجَزِيرَةَ،وَ أَقْبَلَ الرُّومُ حَتَّى نَزَلَتِ الرَّمْلَةَ، وَ هِيَ سَنَةُ اخْتِلاَفٍ فِي كُلِّ أَرْضٍ مِنْ أَرْضِ الْعَرَبِ [1]،وَ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الشَّامِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى ثَلاَثِ رَايَاتٍ: الْأَصْهَبِ [2]،وَ الْأَبْقَعِ،وَ السُّفْيَانِيِّ،مَعَ بَنِي ذَنَبِ الْحِمَارِ مُضَرُ،وَ مَعَ السُّفْيَانِيِّ أَخْوَالُهُ مِنْ كَلْبٍ،فَيَظْهَرُ السُّفْيَانِيُّ، وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ عَلَى بَنِي ذَنَبِ الْحِمَارِ،حَتَّى يَقْتُلُوا قَتْلاً لَمْ يَقْتُلْهُ شَيْءٌ قَطُّ وَ يَحْضُرُ رَجُلٌ بِدِمَشْقَ،فَيُقْتَلُ هُوَ وَ مَنْ مَعَهُ قَتْلاً لَمْ يَقْتُلْهُ شَيْءٌ قَطُّ،وَ هُوَ مِنْ بَنِي ذَنَبِ الْحِمَارِ،وَ هِيَ الْآيَةُ الَّتِي يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: فَاخْتَلَفَ الْأَحْزَابُ مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ إِلَى آخِرِهِ [3].

99-/6883 _1- Al-‘Ayyashi: from Jabir al-Ju‘fi, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who says: “Stick to the ground; never move your hand or your foot until you see signs that I will mention to you within a year: you will see a caller calling in Damascus, and a swallowing of the earth in one of its villages, and a section of its mosque collapsing. When you see the Turks crossing it, the Turks will advance until they encamp in al-Jazirah, and the Romans will advance until they encamp in al-Ramlah. It will be a year of discord in every land of the land of the Arabs [1]. The people of al-Sham will then differ under three banners: the fair-haired (al-as’hab) [2], the piebald (al-abqa‘), and the Sufyani, along with Banu Dhanab al-Himar of Mudar; and with the Sufyani will be his maternal uncles from Kalb. The Sufyani and those with him will prevail over Banu Dhanab al-Himar, and they will kill with a slaughter the like of which nothing has ever killed. A man will appear in Damascus, and he and those with him will be killed with a slaughter the like of which nothing has ever killed; he is of Banu Dhanab al-Himar. This is the sign about which Allah, Blessed and Exalted, says: ‘But the parties from among them disagreed …’ to the end [3].”

_1) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:117/64.

_1) - tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:117/64.

[1] في «ي،ط»: المغرب.

[1] fi «Y, Ṭ»: al-maghrib.

[2] في «ي»: الأشهب.

[2] fi «Y»: al-ashhab.

[3] تقدّم في الحديث (10) من تفسير الآية (148) من سورة البقرة.

[3] taqaddama fi al-hadith (10) min tafsir al-ayah (148) min Surat al-Baqarah.

قوله تعالى: وَ أَنْذِرْهُمْ يَوْمَ الْحَسْرَةِ إِذْ قُضِيَ الْأَمْرُ وَ هُمْ فِي غَفْلَةٍ وَ هُمْ لاٰ يُؤْمِنُونَ [39]

[Qur’an 19:39] M. H. Shakir: And warn them of the day of intense regret, when the matter shall have been decided; and they are (now) in negligence and they do not believe.

99-/6884 _1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ الْحَنَّاطِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ أَنْذِرْهُمْ يَوْمَ الْحَسْرَةِ . قَالَ:«يُنَادِي مُنَادٍ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ،وَ ذَلِكَ بَعْدَ مَا صَارَ أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ أَهْلُ النَّارِ فِي النَّارِ:يَا أَهْلَ الْجَنَّةِ،وَ يَا أَهْلَ النَّارِ،هَلْ تَعْرِفُونَ الْمَوْتَ فِي صُورَةٍ مِنَ الصُّوَرِ؟فَيَقُولُونَ:لاَ؛فَيُؤْتَى بِالْمَوْتِ فِي صُورَةِ كَبْشٍ أَمْلَحَ فَيُوقَفُ بَيْنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَ النَّارِ،ثُمَّ يُنَادَوْنَ جَمِيعاً:أَشْرِفُوا وَ انْظُرُوا إِلَى الْمَوْتِ،فَيُشْرِفُونَ،ثُمَّ يَأْمُرُ اللَّهُ بِهِ فَيُذْبَحُ،ثُمَّ يُقَالُ:يَا أَهْلَ الْجَنَّةِ خُلُودٌ فَلاَ مَوْتَ أَبَداً،وَ يَا أَهْلَ النَّارِ خُلُودٌ فَلاَ مَوْتَ أَبَداً،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى وَ أَنْذِرْهُمْ يَوْمَ الْحَسْرَةِ إِذْ قُضِيَ الْأَمْرُ وَ هُمْ فِي غَفْلَةٍ أَيْ قُضِيَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ بِالْخُلُودِ فِيهَا،وَ عَلَى أَهْلِ النَّارِ بِالْخُلُودِ فِيهَا».

99-/6884 _1- ‘Ali b. Ibrahim said: My father narrated to me, from al-Hasan b. Mahbub, from Abu Walad al-Hannat, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him). He was asked about His saying, exalted is He: “And warn them of the day of intense regret.” He said: “A caller will call from the presence of Allah—after the people of Paradise have entered Paradise and the people of the Fire have entered the Fire—‘O people of Paradise, and O people of the Fire, do you recognize death in any form?’ They will say, ‘No.’ Then death will be brought in the form of a white-and-black speckled ram and will be stationed between Paradise and the Fire. Then all will be called out: ‘Look out and behold death!’ They will look out. Then Allah will command it, and it will be slaughtered. Then it will be said: ‘O people of Paradise, eternity—there is no death ever. And O people of the Fire, eternity—there is no death ever.’ And that is His saying, exalted is He: ‘And warn them of the day of intense regret, when the matter shall have been decided and they are in negligence’—that is, it has been decreed for the people of Paradise to abide therein forever, and for the people of the Fire to abide therein forever.”

_1) - تفسير القمّيّ 2:50.

_1) - tafsir al-Qummi 2:50.

99-/6885 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ،عَنْ عَنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:«قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)-فِي حَدِيثٍ- إِنَّ الْمَوْتَ فَخَرَ فِي نَفْسِهِ،فَقَالَ تَعَالَى: لاَ تَفْخَرْ فَإِنِّي ذَابِحُكَ بَيْنَ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ:أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ،ثُمَّ لاَ أُحْيِيكَ أَبَداً فَتُرْجَى أَوْ تُخَافُ».

99-/6885 _2- Muhammad b. Ya‘qub: from ‘Ali b. Ibrahim, from his father, from Harun b. Muslim, from Mas‘adah b. Sadaqah, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said—in a hadith—‘Death boasted in itself, so He, exalted is He, said: Do not boast, for I am slaughtering you between the two groups—the people of Paradise and the people of the Fire—then I will never bring you to life again so that you might be hoped for or feared.’”

_2) - الكافي 8:129/149.

_2) - al-Kafi 8:129/149.

99-/6886 _3- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ:عَنْ أَبِيهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَصْبَهَانِيِّ،عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ،عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «يَوْمَ التَّلاَقِ:يَوْمَ يَلْتَقِي أَهْلُ السَّمَاءِ وَ أَهْلُ الْأَرْضِ، وَ يَوْمَ التَّنَادِ:يَوْمَ يُنَادِي أَهْلُ النَّارِ أَهْلَ الْجَنَّةِ: أَنْ أَفِيضُوا عَلَيْنٰا مِنَ الْمٰاءِ أَوْ مِمّٰا رَزَقَكُمُ اللّٰهُ [1]،وَ يَوْمُ التَّغَابُنِ: يَوْمُ يَغْبِنُ أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ أَهْلَ النَّارِ،وَ يَوْمُ الْحَسْرَةِ:يَوْمٌ يُؤْتَى بِالْمَوْتِ فَيُذْبَحُ».

99-/6886 _3- Ibn Babawayh: from his father, who said: Sa‘d b. ‘Abdillah narrated to us, from al-Qasim b. Muhammad al-Asbahani, from Sulayman b. Dawud, from Hafs b. Ghiyath, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “The Day of Meeting (yawm al-ta laqi): the day the people of heaven and the people of earth meet. And the Day of Calling (yawm al-tanadi): the day the people of the Fire call out to the people of Paradise: ‘Pour upon us some water or of that which Allah has provided you’ [1]. And the Day of Mutual Loss and Gain (yawm al-taghabun): the day the people of Paradise outgain the people of the Fire. And the Day of Regret (yawm al-hasrah): the day when death is brought and slaughtered.”

_3) - معاني الأخبار:1/156.

_3) - Ma‘ani al-Akhbar: 1/156.

[1] الأعراف 7:50.

[1] al-A‘raf 7:50.

قوله تعالى: إِنّٰا نَحْنُ نَرِثُ الْأَرْضَ وَ مَنْ عَلَيْهٰا وَ إِلَيْنٰا يُرْجَعُونَ - إِلى قوله تعالى - صِدِّيقاً نَبِيًّا [40-41]

[Qur’an 19:40] M. H. Shakir: Surely We inherit the earth and all those who are on it, and to Us they shall be returned.

[Qur’an 19:41] M. H. Shakir: And mention Idris in the Book; surely he was a truthful man, a prophet.

99-/6887 _4- علي بن إبراهيم،قال:كل شيء خلقه اللّه يرثه اللّه يوم القيامة.

99-/6887 _4- ‘Ali b. Ibrahim said: Everything that Allah has created—Allah will inherit it on the Day of Resurrection.

_4) - تفسير القمّيّ 2:51.

_4) - tafsir al-Qummi 2:51.