S 91 Ayat 1 to 15

قوله تعالى:

بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ وَ الشَّمْسِ وَ ضُحٰاهٰا -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ لاٰ يَخٰافُ عُقْبٰاهٰا [1-15]

In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. By the sun and its brightness, And the moon when it follows it, And the day when it reveals it, And the night when it draws a veil over it, And the heaven and Him Who made it, And the earth and Him Who extended it, And the soul and Him Who made it perfect, Then He inspired it to understand what is right and wrong for it; He will indeed be successful who purifies it, And he will indeed fail who corrupts it. Thamud gave the lie (to the truth) in their inordinacy, When the most unfortunate of them broke forth with mischief— So Allah's messenger said to them: (Leave) alone Allah's she-camel, and (give) her (to) drink. But they rejected him and slew her. So their Lord crushed them for their sin and levelled them (with the ground). And He fears not its consequence.

99-/11659 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ جَمَاعَةٍ،عَنْ سَهْلٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ الشَّمْسِ وَ ضُحٰاهٰا ،قَالَ:«الشَّمْسُ:رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،بِهِ أَوْضَحَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِلنَّاسِ دِينَهُمْ».

99-/11659 _1 Muhammad ibn Ya‘qūb: from a group (of our companions), from Sahl, from Muḥammad, from his father, from Abū Muḥammad, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him), who said: I asked him about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: “By the sun and its brightness”, He said: “The sun is the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family); through him, Allah the Mighty and Majestic clarified His religion for the people.”

قَالَ:قُلْتُ: وَ الْقَمَرِ إِذٰا تَلاٰهٰا ؟قَالَ:«ذَاكَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،تَلاَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ نَفَثَهُ بِالْعِلْمِ نَفْثاً».

قَالَ:قُلْتُ: وَ اللَّيْلِ إِذٰا يَغْشٰاهٰا ؟قَالَ:«ذَاكَ أَئِمَّةُ الْجَوْرِ الَّذِينَ اسْتَبَدُّوا بِالْأَمْرِ دُونَ آلِ الرَّسُولِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ جَلَسُوا مَجْلِساً كَانَ آلُ الرَّسُولِ أَوْلَى بِهِ مِنْهُمْ،فَغَشُوا دِينَ اللَّهِ بِالْجَوْرِ وَ الظُّلْمِ،فَحَكَى اللَّهُ فِعْلَهُمْ،فَقَالَ: وَ اللَّيْلِ إِذٰا يَغْشٰاهٰا ».

He said: I asked: “And [by] the moon when it follows it?” He said: “That is the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him); he followed the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and he was infused with knowledge in a single breath.”

He said: I asked: “And [by] the night when it covers it?” He said: “That refers to the unjust Imams who seized power without the authority of the family of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and who sat in a position that the family of the Messenger was more entitled to than them. So they covered the religion of Allah with tyranny and injustice. Allah described their actions, saying: ‘And [by] the night when it covers it.’”

قَالَ:فَقُلْتُ: وَ النَّهٰارِ إِذٰا جَلاّٰهٰا ؟قَالَ:«ذَاكَ الْإِمَامُ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّةِ فَاطِمَةَ(عَلَيْهَا السَّلاَمُ)،يَسْأَلُ عَنْ دِينِ رَسُولِ [1]اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَيُجَلِّيهِ لِمَنْ يَسْأَلُ،فَحَكَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَوْلَهُ [2]: وَ النَّهٰارِ إِذٰا جَلاّٰهٰا ».

He said: I asked, “And [by] the day when it reveals it?” He said: “That is the Imam from the progeny of Fāṭimah (peace be upon her). He is asked about the religion of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), and he clarifies it to the one who asks. So Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, described his role, saying: ‘And [by] the day when it reveals it.’”

99-/11660 _2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ الدَّيْلَمِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ الشَّمْسِ وَ ضُحٰاهٰا ،قَالَ:«الشَّمْسُ:رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،أَوْضَحَ اللَّهُ بِهِ لِلنَّاسِ دِينَهُمْ».

99-/11660 _2- ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm said: My father informed me, from Sulaymān al-Daylamī, from Abū Baṣīr, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him), who said:

I asked him about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: “By the sun and its brightness” — He said: “The sun is the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family); through him, Allah clarified His religion for the people.”

_1) -الكافي 8:12/50.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:424.

[1] (رسول)لس في«ج،ي».

[2] زاد في المصدر:فقال.

[1] (رسول) is not found in manuscripts “ج” and “ي”.

[2] The phrase “فقال” (so He said) is added in the source.

Page 670 in Arabic

قُلْتُ: وَ الْقَمَرِ إِذٰا تَلاٰهٰا ؟قَالَ:«ذَاكَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».

قُلْتُ: وَ اللَّيْلِ إِذٰا يَغْشٰاهٰا ؟قَالَ:«ذَاكَ أَئِمَّةُ الْجَوْرِ،الَّذِينَ اسْتَبَدُّوا بِالْأَمْرِ دُونَ آلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)، وَ جَلَسُوا مَجْلِساً كَانَ آلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَوْلَى بِهِ مِنْهُمْ،فَغَشُوا دِينَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)بِالظُّلْمِ وَ الْجَوْرِ، وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ: وَ اللَّيْلِ إِذٰا يَغْشٰاهٰا ».قَالَ:«يَغْشَى ظُلْمُهُمْ ضَوْءَ النَّهَارِ».

99-/11660 _2 – ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm said: My father narrated to me from Sulaymān al-Daylamī from Abū Baṣīr, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him), who said:

I asked him about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: "By the sun and its brightness". He said: "The sun is the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his progeny). Through him, Allah clarified His religion to the people."

I said: "And [by] the moon when it follows it?" He said: "That is the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him)."

I said: "And [by] the night when it covers it?" He said: "That refers to the oppressive Imāms who seized authority in place of the family of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his progeny), and sat in a position to which the family of the Messenger of Allah were more entitled than them. Thus, they covered the religion of the Messenger of Allah with oppression and injustice. And it is His saying: 'And [by] the night when it covers it.'"

He said: "Their darkness covers the light of the day."

قُلْتُ: وَ النَّهٰارِ إِذٰا جَلاّٰهٰا ؟قَالَ:«ذَاكَ الْإِمَامُ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّةِ فَاطِمَةَ(عَلَيْهَا السَّلاَمُ)،يَسْأَلُ عَنْ دِينِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَيُجَلَّى لِمَنْ يَسْأَلُهُ،فَحَكَى اللَّهُ قَوْلَهُ: وَ النَّهٰارِ إِذٰا جَلاّٰهٰا ».

I said: "And [by] the day when it reveals it?" He said: "That is the Imām from the descendants of Fāṭimah (peace be upon her). He is asked about the religion of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his progeny), and he clarifies it for whoever asks him. So Allah, the Exalted, expressed this by His saying: 'And [by] the day when it reveals it.'"

99-/11661 _3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ،عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ [1]،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ [2]، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْقُمِّيِّ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ،عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ الدَّيْلَمِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ الشَّمْسِ وَ ضُحٰاهٰا ،قَالَ:«الشَّمْسُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَوْضَحَ لِلنَّاسِ دِينَهُمْ».

99-/11661 _3- Muḥammad ibn al-ʿAbbās, from Muḥammad ibn al-Qāsim, from Jaʿfar ibn ʿAbd Allāh, from Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh, from Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, from Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh, from Abū Jaʿfar al-Qummī, from Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar, from Sulaymān al-Daylamī, from Abū ʿAbd Allāh (peace be upon him), who said:

I asked him about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: “By the sun and its brightness” [Qur’an 91:1], and he said: "The sun is the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), through whom Allah made His religion clear to the people."

قُلْتُ: وَ الْقَمَرِ إِذٰا تَلاٰهٰا ؟قَالَ:«ذَاكَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،تَلاَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)». قُلْتُ: وَ النَّهٰارِ إِذٰا جَلاّٰهٰا ؟قَالَ:«ذَاكَ الْإِمَامُ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّةِ فَاطِمَةَ نَسْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَيُجَلِّي ظَلاَمَ الْجَوْرِ وَ الظُّلْمِ،فَحَكَى اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ عَنْهُ،فَقَالَ: وَ النَّهٰارِ إِذٰا جَلاّٰهٰا يَعْنِي بِهِ الْقَائِمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».

99-/11661 _3- (continued) I said: “And by the moon when it follows it?” He said: “That is the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), who followed the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family).”

I said: “And by the day when it reveals it?” He said: “That is the Imam from the progeny of Fāṭimah, the descendant of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), who will dispel the darkness of tyranny and injustice. So Allah, Glorified be He, spoke about him, saying: ‘And by the day when it reveals it’—that means the Qāʾim (peace be upon him).”

قُلْتُ: وَ اللَّيْلِ إِذٰا يَغْشٰاهٰا ؟قَالَ:«ذَاكَ أَئِمَّةُ الْجَوْرِ،الَّذِينَ اسْتَبَدُّوا بِالْأُمُورِ دُونَ آلِ الرَّسُولِ وَ جَلَسُوا مَجْلِساً كَانَ آلُ الرَّسُولِ أَوْلَى بِهِ مِنْهُمْ،فَغَشُوا دِينَ اللَّهِ بِالْجَوْرِ وَ الظُّلْمِ،فَحَكَى اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ فِعْلَهُمْ فَقَالَ: وَ اللَّيْلِ إِذٰا يَغْشٰاهٰا ».

I said: “And by the night when it enshrouds it?” He said: “That refers to the tyrant leaders who usurped authority away from the family of the Messenger (peace be upon them), and sat in a position which the family of the Messenger were more entitled to. So they covered the religion of Allah with oppression and injustice. Therefore, Allah, Glorified be He, described their action and said: ‘And by the night when it enshrouds it.’”

99-/11662 _4- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْكَاتِبِ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ بَهْرَامَ،عَنْ لَيْثٍ،عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ،قَالَ:قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): «مَثَلِي فِيكُمْ مَثَلُ الشَّمْسِ،وَ مَثَلُ عَلِيٍّ مَثَلُ الْقَمَرِ،فَإِذَا غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَاهْتَدُوا بِالْقَمَرِ».

99-/11662 _4- And from him: from Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Kātib, from al-Ḥusayn ibn Bahrām, from Layth, from Mujāhid, from Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: "My example among you is like the sun, and the example of ʿAlī is like the moon. So when the sun disappears, seek guidance through the moon."

/11663 _5-و عنه:عن أحمد بن محمّد،عن الحسن بن حماد،بإسناده إلى مجاهد،عن ابن عبّاس،في قول اللّه عزّ و جلّ: وَ الشَّمْسِ وَ ضُحٰاهٰا ،قال:هو النبيّ(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله) وَ الْقَمَرِ إِذٰا تَلاٰهٰا ،قال:عليّ بن أبي طالب(عليه السلام) وَ النَّهٰارِ إِذٰا جَلاّٰهٰا ،[قال]:الحسن و الحسين(عليهما السلام) وَ اللَّيْلِ إِذٰا يَغْشٰاهٰا بنو أميّة.

/11663 _5- And from him: from Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad, from al-Ḥasan ibn Ḥammād, with his chain to Mujāhid, from Ibn ʿAbbās, regarding the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: "By the sun and its brightness" — he said: It is the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family). "And the moon when it follows it" — he said: ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib (peace be upon him). "And the day when it makes it manifest" — he said: al-Ḥasan and al-Ḥusayn (peace be upon them). "And the night when it covers it" — he said: the Banū Umayyah.

ثم قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ:قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): «بَعَثَنِي اللَّهُ نَبِيّاً،فَأَتَيْتُ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ،فَقُلْتُ:يَا بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ،إِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ،قَالُوا:كَذَبْتَ،مَا أَنْتَ بِرَسُولٍ،ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ،

Then Ibn ʿAbbās said: The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: “Allah sent me as a Prophet, so I went to the Banū Umayyah and said: O Banū Umayyah, I am the Messenger of Allah to you.” They said: “You have lied, you are not a Messenger.” Then I went to the Banū Hāshim.”

فَقُلْتُ:إِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ،فَآمَنَ بِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)سِرّاً وَ جَهْراً،وَ حَمَانِي أَبُو طَالِبٍ جَهْراً،وَ آمَنَ بِي سِرّاً،ثُمَّ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ جَبْرَئِيلَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بِلِوَائِهِ، فَرَكَزَهُ فِي بَنِي هَاشِمٍ،وَ بَعَثَ إِبْلِيسُ بِلِوَائِهِ فَرَكَزَهُ فِي بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ،فَلاَ يَزَالُونَ أَعْدَاءَنَا،وَ شِيعَتُهُمْ أَعْدَاءُ شِيعَتِنَا إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ».

So I said: “Indeed, I am the Messenger of Allah to you.” Then ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib (peace be upon him) believed in me—both in secret and openly. And Abū Ṭālib supported me openly, and he believed in me secretly.

Then Allah sent Jibrāʾīl (peace be upon him) with His banner, and he planted it among Banū Hāshim. And Iblīs sent his banner and planted it among Banū Umayyah.

They shall continue to be our enemies, and their followers shall be enemies of our followers until the Day of Judgment.

_3) -تأويل الآيات 2:3/805.

_4) -تأويل الآيات 2:5/806.

_5) -تأويل الآيات 2:6/806.

[1] في«ج»:جعفر بن محمّد بن عبد اللّه.

[2] (عن محمّد بن عبد اللّه)ليس في«ج،ي».

[1] In manuscript “J”: Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh.

[2] The phrase (ʿan Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh) is not found in manuscripts “J” and “Y”.

Page 671 in Arabic

99-/11664 _6- شَرَفُ الدِّينِ النَّجَفِيُّ،قَالَ:رَوَى عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ،عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ،وَ رَوَاهُ أَيْضاً عَلِيُّ ابْنُ الْحَكَمِ،عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ،عَنِ الْفَضْلِ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،أَنَّهُ قَالَ: وَ الشَّمْسِ وَ ضُحٰاهٰا :«

99-/11664 _6- Sharaf al-Dīn al-Najafī narrated: ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad reported from Abī Jamīlah, from al-Ḥalabī; and it was also narrated by ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥakam from Abān ibn ʿUthmān, from al-Faḍl Abū al-ʿAbbās, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him), that he said regarding: “By the sun and its brightness”:

«The sun refers to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family), by whom Allah made His religion clear to the people.»

الشَّمْسُ:أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ ضُحَاهَا:قِيَامُ الْقَائِمِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ قَالَ: وَ أَنْ يُحْشَرَ النّٰاسُ ضُحًى [1]، وَ الْقَمَرِ إِذٰا تَلاٰهٰا الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) وَ النَّهٰارِ إِذٰا جَلاّٰهٰا هُوَ قِيَامُ الْقَائِمِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ اللَّيْلِ إِذٰا يَغْشٰاهٰا حَبْتَرٌ وَ دَوْلَتُهُ،قَدْ غَشَّى عَلَيْهِ الْحَقَّ».

The sun is Amīr al-Mu’minīn (peace be upon him), and its brightness is the rising of the Qāʾim (peace be upon him), because Allah, the Exalted, said: “And that the people shall be gathered at the forenoon” [Qur’an 20:59]. And “by the moon when it follows it” refers to al-Ḥasan and al-Ḥusayn (peace be upon them both). And “by the day when it reveals it” – this is the rising of the Qāʾim (peace be upon him). And “by the night when it covers it” – that is Ḥabtar and his rule, which has veiled the truth.

وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: وَ السَّمٰاءِ وَ مٰا بَنٰاهٰا ،قَالَ:«هُوَ مُحَمَّدٌ(عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ السَّلاَمُ)،هُوَ السَّمَاءُ الَّذِي يَسْمُو إِلَيْهِ الْخَلْقُ فِي الْعِلْمِ»وَ قَوْلُهُ: وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ مٰا طَحٰاهٰا ،قَالَ:«الْأَرْضُ:اَلشِّيعَةُ» وَ نَفْسٍ وَ مٰا سَوّٰاهٰا ،قَالَ:«هُوَ الْمُؤْمِنُ الْمَسْتُورُ وَ هُوَ عَلَى الْحَقِّ»وَ قَوْلُهُ: فَأَلْهَمَهٰا فُجُورَهٰا وَ تَقْوٰاهٰا ،قَالَ:«عَرَفَتِ [2]الْحَقَّ مِنَ الْبَاطِلِ،فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ: وَ نَفْسٍ وَ مٰا سَوّٰاهٰا » قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ زَكّٰاهٰا ،قَالَ:«قَدْ أَفْلَحَتْ نَفْسٌ زَكَّاهَا اللَّهُ وَ قَدْ خٰابَ مَنْ دَسّٰاهٰا اللَّهُ».

And as for His saying: “By the heaven and Him Who made it” – he said: “It is Muḥammad (peace be upon him and his family); he is the heaven, to whom creation ascends for knowledge.” And His saying: “And the earth and Him Who spread it” – he said: “The earth is the Shīʿa.” And His saying: “And the soul and Him Who made it perfect” – he said: “It is the concealed believer who is upon the truth.” And His saying: “Then He inspired it to understand what is wrong for it and what is right for it” – he said: “It recognized truth from falsehood, and that is the meaning of His saying: ‘And the soul and Him Who made it perfect.’” He said: “He will indeed be successful who purifies it” – he said: “The soul that Allah has purified has indeed succeeded.” And: “And he will indeed fail who corrupts it” – he said: “The one whom Allah causes to go astray has indeed failed.”

وَ قَوْلُهُ: كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِطَغْوٰاهٰا ،قَالَ:«ثَمُودُ:رَهْطٌ مِنَ الشِّيعَةِ،فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ يَقُولُ: وَ أَمّٰا ثَمُودُ فَهَدَيْنٰاهُمْ فَاسْتَحَبُّوا الْعَمىٰ عَلَى الْهُدىٰ فَأَخَذَتْهُمْ صٰاعِقَةُ الْعَذٰابِ الْهُونِ [3]وَ هُوَ السَّيْفُ إِذَا قَامَ الْقَائِمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: فَقٰالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللّٰهِ [هُوَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)]». نٰاقَةَ اللّٰهِ وَ سُقْيٰاهٰا ،

And His saying: “Thamūd denied [the truth] in their inordinate transgression” – he said: “Thamūd refers to a group from among the Shīʿa, for indeed Allah, the Exalted, says: ‘And as for Thamūd, We guided them, but they preferred blindness to guidance; so the punishment of an abasing chastisement overtook them’ [Fussilat 41:17] – and this refers to the sword when the Qāʾim (peace be upon him) arises.” And His saying, the Exalted: “So the messenger of Allah said to them” – [he said:] “It is the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family)” ‘[Leave alone] the she-camel of Allah and [let her drink] her portion of water.’

قَالَ: «النَّاقَةُ:اَلْإِمَامُ الَّذِي فَهِمَ عَنِ اللَّهِ[وَ فَهِمَ عَنْ رَسُولِهِ]،وَ سُقْيَاهَا،أَيْ عِنْدَهُ مُسْتَقَى الْعِلْمِ». فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَعَقَرُوهٰا فَدَمْدَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ بِذَنْبِهِمْ فَسَوّٰاهٰا قَالَ:«فِي الرَّجْعَةِ» وَ لاٰ يَخٰافُ عُقْبٰاهٰا ،قَالَ:«لاَ يَخَافُ مِنْ مِثْلِهَا إِذَا رَجَعَ».

He said: “The she-camel is the Imam who has understood from Allah [and understood from His Messenger], and her portion of water means: he possesses the source of knowledge.” “But they called him a liar and slaughtered her, so their Lord crushed them for their sin and leveled them.” – he said: “That is in the Rajʿah (the Return).” “And He fears not its consequence.” – he said: “He does not fear anything similar when He causes them to return.”

/11665 _7-علي بن إبراهيم:قوله: وَ نَفْسٍ وَ مٰا سَوّٰاهٰا ،قال:خلقها و صورها،و قوله: فَأَلْهَمَهٰا فُجُورَهٰا وَ تَقْوٰاهٰا أي عرفها و ألهمها ثمّ خيرها فاختارت.

99-/11665 _7- ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm: Regarding His saying: “And the soul and Him Who made it perfect”, he said: He created it and fashioned it. And regarding His saying: “Then He inspired it to understand what is wrong for it and what is right for it” — that is, He made it know and inspired it, then gave it the choice, and it chose.

99-/11666 _8- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ،عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ،عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الطَّيَّارِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: فَأَلْهَمَهٰا فُجُورَهٰا وَ تَقْوٰاهٰا ،قَالَ:

«بَيَّنَ لَهَا مَا تَأْتِي وَ مَا تَتْرُكُ».

99-/11666 _8- Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb: From a group of our companions, from Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Khālid, from Ibn Faḍḍāl, from Thaʿlabah ibn Maymūn, from Ḥamzah ibn Muḥammad al-Ṭayyār, from Abū ʿAbd Allāh (peace be upon him), who said regarding the verse “Then He inspired it to understand what is wrong for it and what is right for it”:

“He made clear to it what to do and what to refrain from.”

_6) -تأويل الآيات 2:1/803.

_7) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:424.

_8) -الكافي 1:3/124.

[1] طه 20:59.

[2] في المصدر:عرفه.

[3] فصّلت 41:17.

Page 672 in Arabic

/11667 _9-علي بن إبراهيم: قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ زَكّٰاهٰا يعني نفسه،طهرها وَ قَدْ خٰابَ مَنْ دَسّٰاهٰا أي أغواها.

99-/11667 _9- ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm: “He will indeed be successful who purifies it” — that is, purifies his own soul. “And he will indeed fail who corrupts it” — meaning, he led it astray.

99-/11668 _10- ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ الْفَارِسِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ زَكّٰاهٰا ،قَالَ:«أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)زَكَّاهُ رَبُّهُ». وَ قَدْ خٰابَ مَنْ دَسّٰاهٰا ،قَالَ:«هُوَ الْأَوَّلُ وَ الثَّانِي فِي بَيْعَتِهِمَا إِيَّاهُ [1]».

99-/11668 _10- Then ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm said: Muḥammad ibn al-Qāsim ibn ʿUbayd Allāh narrated to us, he said: al-Ḥasan ibn Jaʿfar narrated to us, he said: ʿUthmān ibn ʿAbd Allāh narrated to us, he said: ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUbayd Allāh al-Fārisī narrated to us, he said: Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī narrated from Abū ʿAbd Allāh (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of the Exalted: "He will indeed be successful who purifies it" — he said: “The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) — his Lord purified him.” "And he will indeed fail who corrupts it" — he said: “They are the first and the second for giving him (i.e., the Caliphate) their allegiance.”

99-/11669 _11- ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى : كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِطَغْوٰاهٰا يَقُولُ:«الطُّغْيَانُ حَمَلَهُ [2]عَلَى التَّكْذِيبِ».

99-/11669 _11- Then ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm said: In the narration of Abū al-Jārūd from Abū Jaʿfar (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of the Exalted: "Thamūd denied (the truth) in their inordinate transgression" — he said: “Transgression led him to denial.”

/11670 _12-و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم،في قوله تعالى: كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِطَغْوٰاهٰا* إِذِ انْبَعَثَ أَشْقٰاهٰا ،قال : الذي عقر الناقة، قوله: فَدَمْدَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ بِذَنْبِهِمْ فَسَوّٰاهٰا ،قال:أخذهم بغتة و غفلة بالليل وَ لاٰ يَخٰافُ عُقْبٰاهٰا ،قال:من بعد هؤلاء الذين أهلكناهم لا تخافوا.

/11670 _12- And ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm said, regarding the saying of the Exalted: “Thamūd denied (the truth) in their inordinate transgression when the most wretched of them was roused” — he said: It was the one who hamstrung the she-camel. As for His saying: “So their Lord crushed them for their sin and leveled them” — he said: He seized them suddenly and unexpectedly during the night. And His saying: “And He fears not its consequence” — he said: As for those who were destroyed, do not fear anything after them.

99-/11671 _13- ابْنُ شَهْرِ آشُوبَ:عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ مَرْدَوَيْهِ فِي(فَضَائِلِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الشِّيرَازِيُّ فِي(نُزُولِ الْقُرْآنِ):أَنَّهُ قَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ: كَانَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقْرَأُ« إِذِ انْبَعَثَ أَشْقٰاهٰا فَوَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَتُخْضَبَنَّ هَذِهِ مِنْ هَذَا [3]».

99-/11671 _13- Ibn Shahr Ashub narrated from Abū Bakr ibn Mardawayh in "Faḍāʾil Amīr al-Muʾminīn (ʿalayhi al-salām)", and Abū Bakr al-Shīrāzī in "Nuzūl al-Qurʾān", that Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyib said:

ʿAlī (ʿalayhi al-salām) used to recite: "When the most wretched of them was roused" and then would say, “By Him in Whose hand is my soul, surely this (i.e., my beard) will be stained with this (i.e., my blood).”

99-/11672 _14- وَ رَوَى الثَّعْلَبِيُّ وَ الْوَاحِدِيُّ،بِإِسْنَادِهِمَا،عَنْ عَمَّارٍ وَ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنُ صُهَيْبٍ،وَ عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ، وَ رَوَى ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ،عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ،وَ عَنْ صُهَيْبٍ،وَ عَنْ عَمَّارٍ،وَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَدِيٍّ،وَ عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ،وَ رَوَى الْخَطِيبُ فِي(التَّارِيخِ)عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ،وَ رَوَى الطَّبَرِيُّ وَ الْمَوْصِلِيُّ،عَنْ عَمَّارٍ،وَ رَوَى أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ،عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ،أَنَّهُ قَالَ:قَالَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): «يَا عَلِيُّ،أَشْقَى الْأَوَّلِينَ عَاقِرُ النَّاقَةِ،وَ أَشْقَى الْآخِرِينَ قَاتِلُكَ» و فِي رِوَايَةٍ: «مَنْ يَخْضِبُ هَذِهِ مِنْ هَذَا».

99-/11672 _14- Al-Thaʿlabī and al-Wāḥidī narrated, through their respective chains of transmission, from ʿAmmār, from ʿUthmān ibn Ṣuhayb, and from al-Ḍaḥḥāk. And Ibn Mardawayh also narrated through his chain from Jābir ibn Samura, from Ṣuhayb, from ʿAmmār, from Ibn ʿAdī, and from al-Ḍaḥḥāk. And al-Khaṭīb narrated in al-Tārīkh from Jābir ibn Samura. Al-Ṭabarī and al-Mawṣilī narrated from ʿAmmār, and Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal narrated from al-Ḍaḥḥāk — that the Prophet (ṣallallāhu ʿalayhi wa ālih) said:

“O ʿAlī! The most wretched of the former peoples was the one who hamstrung the she-camel, and the most wretched of the latter ones is the one who will kill you.”

And in another narration: “The one who will dye this (i.e., your beard) with this (i.e., your blood).”

_9) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:424.

_10) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:424.

_11) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:424.

_12) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:424.

_13) -المناقب 3:309.

_14) -المناقب 3:309.

_15) -المناقب 3:309.

[1] زاد في«ط»و المصدر:حيث مسح على كفه.

[2] في المصدر:حملها.

[3] زاد في المصدر:و أشار إليه لحيته.

[1] Added in "Ṭ" and the source: when he wiped over his palm.

[2] In the source: it (the transgression) drove him.

[3] Added in the source: and he pointed to his beard.

Page 673 in Arabic

/11673 _15-ابن عبّاس،قال:كان عبد الرحمن بن ملجم من ولد قدار عاقر ناقة صالح،و قصتهما واحدة، لأن قدار عشق امرأة يقال لها رباب،كما عشق ابن ملجم قطام.

99-/11673 _15- Ibn ʿAbbās said: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muljam was from the descendants of Qidār, the one who hamstrung the she-camel of Ṣāliḥ, and their stories are the same—for Qidār fell in love with a woman named Rabāb, just as Ibn Muljam fell in love with Qaṭām.

99-/11674 _16- وَ فِي حَدِيثٍ،قَالَ لَهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «هَلْ أَخْبَرَتْكَ أُمُّكَ أَنَّهَا حَمَلَتْ بِكَ وَ هِيَ طَامِثٌ»؟.قَالَ:نَعَمْ.قَالَ:«بَايِعْ»فَبَايَعَ،ثُمَّ قَالَ:«خَلُّوا سَبِيلَهُ»وَ قَدْ سَمِعَهُ،وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ:لَأَضْرِبَنَّ عَلِيّاً بِسَيْفِي هَذَا [1].

99-/11674 _16- And in a narration, the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) said to him: “Did your mother tell you that she was menstruating when she conceived you?” He replied, “Yes.” He said, “Pledge allegiance.” So he pledged allegiance. Then he said: “Let him go.” And he had heard him saying, “I will surely strike ʿAlī with this sword of mine.”

99-/11675 _17- الشَّيْخُ فِي(التَّهْذِيبِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنْ مُصَدِّقِ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ،عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ مُوسَى،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي الرَّجُلِ يَنْسَى حَرْفاً مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ،فَذَكَرَ وَ هُوَ رَاكِعٌ،هَلْ يَجُوزُ لَهُ أَنْ يَقْرَأَ؟قَالَ:«لاَ،وَ لَكِنْ إِذَا سَجَدَ فَلْيَقْرَأْهُ».

99-/11675 _17- Al-Shaykh in al-Tahdhīb, through his chain of narration from Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Yaḥyā, from Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥusayn, from ʿAmrū ibn Saʿīd, from Muṣaddiq ibn Ṣadaqah, from ʿAmmār ibn Mūsā, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him) — regarding a man who forgets a verse of the Qur’an and then remembers it while he is in rukūʿ (bowing) — is it permissible for him to recite it (in that state)? He said: “No, but if he prostrates (i.e., goes into sujūd), then he may recite it.”

وَ قَالَ:«الرَّجُلُ إِذَا قَرَأَ: وَ الشَّمْسِ وَ ضُحٰاهٰا فَيَخْتِمُهَا أَنْ يَقُولَ:صَدَقَ اللَّهُ وَ صَدَقَ رَسُولُهُ،وَ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا قَرَأَ:اَللَّهُ خَيْرٌ أَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ [2]أَنْ يَقُولَ:اَللَّهُ خَيْرٌ،اللَّهُ خَيْرٌ،اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ،وَ إِذَا قَرَأَ: ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِرَبِّهِمْ يَعْدِلُونَ [3]يَقُولُ:كَذَبَ الْعَادِلُونَ بِاللَّهِ،وَ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا قَرَأَ اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ الَّذِي لَمْ يَتَّخِذْ وَلَداً وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ شَرِيكٌ فِي الْمُلْكِ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَلِيٌّ مِنَ الذُّلِّ وَ كَبِّرْهُ تَكْبِيراً [4]،أَنْ يَقُولَ:اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ،اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ،اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ».

He (peace be upon him) said: “When a man recites {By the sun and its brightness} [Qur'an 91:1] and reaches the end of it, he should say: ‘Ṣadaqa Allāhu wa ṣadaqa Rasūluh — Allah has spoken the truth and His Messenger has spoken the truth.’

And when a man recites: {Is Allah better, or what they associate [with Him]?} [Qur'an 27:59], he should say: ‘Allah is better, Allah is better, Allah is greater.’

And when he recites: {Then those who disbelieve set up equals with their Lord} [Qur'an 6:1], he should say: ‘The ones who equated [others] with Allah have lied.’

And when a man recites: {Praise be to Allah, Who has not taken a son and has no partner in the dominion, nor has He any protector out of weakness, and magnify Him with great magnification} [Qur'an 17:111], he should say: ‘Allāhu akbar, Allāhu akbar, Allāhu akbar — Allah is the greatest.’”

قُلْتُ:فَإِنْ لَمْ يَقُلِ الرَّجُلُ شَيْئاً مِنْ هَذَا،إِذَا قَرَأَ؟قَالَ:«لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ».

I said: “And if a man does not say anything from this when he recites [these verses]?” He said: “There is nothing upon him.”

_16) -المناقب 3:310.

_17) -التهذيب 2:1195/297.

[1] (و قد سمعه...بسيقي هذا)ليس في المصدر.

[2] النمل 27:59.

[3] الأنعام 6:1.

[4] الإسراء 17:111.

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