S 54 Ayat 1 to 2

قوله تعالى:

بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ اِقْتَرَبَتِ السّٰاعَةُ وَ انْشَقَّ الْقَمَرُ* وَ إِنْ يَرَوْا آيَةً يُعْرِضُوا وَ يَقُولُوا سِحْرٌ مُسْتَمِرٌّ [1-2]

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful The hour drew nigh and the moon did rend asunder. And if they see a sign, they turn aside and say: Transient magic.

/10260 _1-علي بن إبراهيم:في قوله تعالى: اِقْتَرَبَتِ السّٰاعَةُ ،قربت القيامة،فلا يكون بعد رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)إلا القيامة،و قد انقضت النبوّة و الرسالة،و قوله تعالى: وَ انْشَقَّ الْقَمَرُ ،فإن قريشا سألت رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)،أن يريهم آية،فدعا اللّه فانشق القمر نصفين حتّى نظروا إليه،ثمّ التأم،فقالوا:هذا سحر مستمر، أي صحيح.

99-/10260 _1 ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm said regarding the verse of Allah, the Exalted: “The hour drew nigh”—the Day of Resurrection has come near; there shall be nothing after the Messenger of Allah (ṣallallāhu ʿalayhi wa ālih) except the Resurrection. Prophethood and messengership have concluded. As for His saying: “and the moon did rend asunder”—the Quraysh had asked the Messenger of Allah (ṣallallāhu ʿalayhi wa ālih) to show them a sign, so he supplicated to Allah, and the moon split into two halves, until they saw it. Then it rejoined. They said: “This is enduring magic (siḥr mustamirr),” meaning: real and lasting.

99-/10261 _2- ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:حَدَّثَنَا حَبِيبُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَبَانٍ الْآجُرِّيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ،قَالَ:قَالَ[لِي]أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «اجْتَمَعَ أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلاً أَصْحَابُ الْعَقَبَةِ لَيْلَةَ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ،فَقَالُوا لِلنَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):مَا مِنْ نَبِيٍّ إِلاَّ وَ لَهُ آيَةٌ،فَمَا آيَتُكَ فِي لَيْلَتِكَ هَذِهِ؟

99-/10261 _2 Then ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm said: Ḥabīb ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Abān al-Ājurrī narrated to us, who said: Muḥammad ibn Hishām narrated to us, from Muḥammad, who said: Yūnus narrated to us, who said: Abū ʿAbdillāh (ʿalayhis-salām) said to me: “Fourteen men from the companions of al-ʿAqabah gathered on the night of the fourteenth of Dhū al-Ḥijjah and said to the Prophet (ṣallallāhu ʿalayhi wa ālih): ‘There has never been a prophet except that he had a sign—so what is your sign on this night of yours?’”

فَقَالَ [النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)]:مَا الَّذِي تُرِيدُونَ؟فَقَالُوا:إِنْ يَكُنْ لَكَ عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ قَدْرٌ فَأْمُرِ الْقَمَرَ أَنْ يَنْقَطِعَ قِطْعَتَيْنِ.فَهَبَطَ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ قَالَ:يَا مُحَمَّدُ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلاَمَ وَ يَقُولُ لَكَ:إِنِّي قَدْ أَمَرْتُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ بِطَاعَتِكَ،فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَأَمَرَ الْقَمَرَ أَنْ يَنْقَطِعَ قِطْعَتَيْنِ،فَانْقَطَعَ قِطْعَتَيْنِ،فَسَجَدَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)شُكْراً[لِلَّهِ]،وَ سَجَدَ شِيعَتُنَا،ثُمَّ رَفَعَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)رَأْسَهُ وَ رَفَعُوا رُؤُسَهُمْ،

He [the Prophet (ṣallallāhu ʿalayhi wa ālih)] said, “What do you want?” They said, “If you truly have any standing with your Lord, then command the moon to split into two halves.” Then Jibrāʾīl (ʿalayhis-salām) descended and said, “O Muḥammad, Allah conveys His salām to you and says: I have commanded everything to obey you.”

So the Prophet raised his head and commanded the moon to split into two halves. And it split into two. Then the Prophet (ṣallallāhu ʿalayhi wa ālih) prostrated in gratitude [to Allah], and our Shīʿah prostrated as well. Then the Prophet (ṣallallāhu ʿalayhi wa ālih) raised his head, and they too raised their heads.

ثُمَّ قَالُوا:يَعُودُ كَمَا كَانَ.فَعَادَ كَمَا كَانَ،ثُمَّ قَالُوا:يَنْشَقُّ رَأْسُهُ!فَأَمَرَهُ فَانْشَقَّ، فَسَجَدَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)شُكْراً لِلَّهِ،وَ سَجَدَ شِيعَتُنَا،فَقَالُوا:يَا مُحَمَّدُ،حِينَ تَقْدَمُ سُفَّارُنَا مِنَ الشَّامِ وَ الْيَمَنِ نَسْأَلُهُمْ مَا رَأَوْا فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ،فَإِنْ يَكُونُوا رَأَوْا مِثْلَ مَا رَأَيْنَا،عَلِمْنَا أَنَّهُ مِنْ رَبِّكَ،وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَرَوْا مِثْلَ مَا رَأَيْنَا،عَلِمْنَا أَنَّهُ سِحْرٌ سَحَرْتَنَا بِهِ؛فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: اِقْتَرَبَتِ السّٰاعَةُ إِلَى آخِرِ السُّورَةِ».

Then they said, “Let it return to its original state.” So it returned to how it was. Then they said, “Let its head be split!” So he commanded it, and it split. The Prophet (ṣallallāhu ʿalayhi wa ālih) prostrated in gratitude to Allah, and our Shīʿah also prostrated.

Then they said, “O Muḥammad, when our travelers return from Syria and Yemen, we will ask them what they saw on this night. If they saw what we have seen, we will know that it is from your Lord. And if they did not see what we saw, we will know it is sorcery by which you have bewitched us.”

So Allah revealed: “The hour drew nigh and the moon did rend asunder.” — [Surat al-Qamar 54:1] to the end of the sūrah.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:340.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:341.

Page 214 in Arabic

99-/10262 _3- الشَّيْخُ فِي(أَمَالِيهِ):عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الصَّلْتِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُقْدَةَ،يَعْنِي أَحْمَدَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْحُسَيْنِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،قَالَ:

حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ جَدِّهِ،عَنْ آبَائِهِ،عَنْ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: انْشَقَّ الْقَمَرُ بِمَكَّةَ،فِلْقَتَيْنِ،فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):اِشْهَدُوا،اشْهَدُوا بِهَذَا».

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Al-Shaykh in Amālihi: From Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ṣalt, who said: Ibn ʿUqda, meaning Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Saʿīd, narrated to us, who said: ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Ḥusaynī narrated to us, who said: Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿĪsā narrated to us, who said: ʿUbaydullāh ibn ʿAlī narrated to us, from ʿAlī ibn Mūsā, from his father, from his grandfather, from his forefathers, from ʿAlī (peace be upon them), who said:

“The moon split in Mecca into two halves, so the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: Bear witness! Bear witness to this!”

99-/10263 _4- الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ حَمْدَانَ الْخَصِيبِيُّ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ،عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ،عَنِ الصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لَمَّا ظَهَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)بِالرِّسَالَةِ،وَ دَعَا النَّاسَ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى،تَحَيَّرَتْ قَبَائِلُ قُرَيْشٍ،وَ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ:

مَا تَرَوْنَ[مِنَ الرَّأْيِ فِي]مَا يَأْتِينَا مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ كَرَّةً بَعْدَ كَرَّةٍ مِمَّا لاَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِ السَّحَرَةُ وَ الْكَهَنَةُ؟

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Al-Ḥusayn ibn Ḥamdān al-Khaṣībī, through his chain from al-Mufaḍḍal ibn ʿUmar, from al-Ṣādiq (peace be upon him), said: “When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) appeared with the message and called people towards Allah the Exalted, the tribes of Quraysh were confounded. Some of them said to one another: What do you think about that which comes to us from Muḥammad time and again—things that even the magicians and soothsayers cannot manage?”

وَ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى أَنْ يَسْأَلُوهُ شَقَّ الْقَمَرِ فِي السَّمَاءِ،وَ إِنْزَالَهُ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ شُعْبَتَيْنِ،وَ قَالُوا:إِنَّ الْقَمَرَ مَا سَمِعْنَا فِي سَائِرِ النَّبِيِّينَ أَحَداً قَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ،كَمَا قَدَرَ عَلَى الشَّمْسِ،فَإِنَّهَا رُدَّتْ لِيُوشَعَ بْنِ نُونٍ وَصِيِّ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ كَانَ النَّاسُ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهَا لاَ تُرَدُّ عَنْ مَوْضِعِهَا.

وَ أَجْمَعُوا أَمْرَهُمْ وَ جَاءُوا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،

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They agreed to ask him to split the moon in the sky and bring it down to the earth in two halves. They said, “As for the moon, we have never heard of any of the other prophets having power over it—unlike the sun, which was turned back for Yūshaʿ ibn Nūn, the executor of Mūsā (peace be upon him), though people believed the sun could not be turned back from its position.”

So they reached a consensus and came to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family).

فَقَالُوا:يَا مُحَمَّدُ،اجْعَلْ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَكَ آيَةً،إِنْ أَتَيْتَ بِهَا آمَنَّا بِكَ وَ صَدَّقْنَاكَ.فَقَالَ لَهُمْ:سَلُوا،فَإِنِّي آتِيكُمْ بِكُلِّ مَا تَخْتَارُونَ.فَقَالُوا:اَلْوَعْدُ بَيْنَنَا وَ بَيْنَكَ سَوَادُ اللَّيْلِ وَ طُلُوعُ الْقَمَرِ،وَ أَنْ تَقِفَ بَيْنَ الْمَشْعَرَيْنِ،فَتَسْأَلَ رَبَّكَ الَّذِي تَقُولُ إِنَّهُ أَرْسَلَكَ رَسُولاً،أَنْ يَشُقَّ الْقَمَرَ شُعْبَتَيْنِ وَ يُنْزِلَهُ،مِنَ السَّمَاءِ حَتَّى يَنْقَسِمَ قِسْمَيْنِ،وَ يَقَعَ قِسْمٌ عَلَى الْمَشْعَرَيْنِ وَ قَسْمٌ عَلَى الصَّفَا.

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They said, “O Muhammad, place a sign between us and you—if you bring it, we will believe in you and confirm your truthfulness.” He said to them, “Ask whatever you wish, for I will bring to you whatever you choose.” They said, “Our agreement with you will be during the darkness of the night and the rising of the moon. You shall stand between the two sacred landmarks (al-Mashʿarayn) and ask your Lord—whom you claim has sent you as a messenger—to split the moon into two parts and cause it to descend from the sky until it divides in two, with one part landing on the two sacred landmarks and the other part on al-Ṣafā.”

فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ،أَنَا وَفِيُّ بِالْعَهْدِ،فَهَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُوفُونَ بِمَا قُلْتُمْ إِنَّكُمْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ؟ قَالُوا:نَعَمْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ.وَ تَسَامَعَ النَّاسُ،ثُمَّ تَوَاعَدُوا سَوَادَ اللَّيْلِ.وَ أَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ يُهْرَعُونَ إِلَى الْبَيْتِ وَ حَوْلَهُ حَتَّى أَقْبَلَ اللَّيْلُ وَ اسْوَدَّ،وَ طَلَعَ الْقَمَرُ وَ أَنَارَ،وَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ،يُصَلُّونَ خَلْفَ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ يَطُوفُونَ بِالْبَيْتِ.

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The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said, “Allāhu Akbar! I am one who fulfills the covenant. Will you fulfill what you said—that you will believe in Allah and His Messenger?” They replied, “Yes, O Muhammad.” News spread among the people, and they agreed upon meeting in the darkness of night. People began rushing toward the Kaʿbah and around it until the night arrived and darkened, and the moon rose and shone brightly. The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), along with those who believed in Allah and His Messenger, were praying behind the Prophet and circumambulating the Kaʿbah.

وَ أَقْبَلَ أَبُو لَهَبٍ وَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ وَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَقَالُوا:اَلْآنَ يَبْطُلُ سِحْرُكَ وَ كِهَانَتُكَ وَ حِيلَتُكَ،هَذَا الْقَمَرُ،فَأَوْفِ بِوَعْدِكَ.فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):قُمْ-يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ-فَقِفْ بِجَانِبِ الصَّفَا،وَ هَرْوِلْ إِلَى الْمَشْعَرَيْنِ،وَ نَادِ نِدَاءً ظَاهِراً،وَ قُلْ فِي نِدَائِكَ:اَللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ الْبَيْتِ الْحَرَامِ،وَ الْبَلَدِ الْحَرَامِ،وَ زَمْزَمَ وَ الْمَقَامِ،وَ مُرْسِلَ الرَّسُولِ التِّهَامِيِّ،ائْذَنْ لِلْقَمَرِ أَنْ يَنْشَقَّ وَ يَنْزِلَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ،فَيَقَعَ نِصْفُهُ عَلَى الصَّفَا وَ نِصْفُهُ عَلَى الْمَشْعَرَيْنِ،فَقَدْ سَمِعْتَ سِرَّنَا وَ نَجْوَانَا وَ أَنْتَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ.

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Then Abū Lahab, Abū Jahl, and Abū Sufyān approached the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and said, “Now your sorcery, soothsaying, and trickery will be proven false—here is the moon, so fulfill your promise!” The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said, “Rise—O Abū al-Ḥasan—and stand beside al-Ṣafā, and hasten to the two mashʿars, and call out loudly. In your call say: O Allah, Lord of the Sacred House, the Sacred Land, Zamzam and the Maqām, and the Sender of the Tihāmī Messenger, permit the moon to split and descend to the earth, so that half of it lands on al-Ṣafā and half of it on the two mashʿars. Indeed, You have heard our secret and our private speech, and You are All-Knowing of everything.”

قَالَ:فَتَضَاحَكَتْ قُرَيْشٌ فَقَالُوا:إِنَّ مُحَمَّداً قَدِ اسْتَشْفَعَ بِعَلِيٍّ،لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَبْلُغِ الْحُلُمَ وَ لاَ ذَنْبَ لَهُ،وَ قَالَ أَبُو لَهَبٍ:

لَقَدْ أَشْمَتَنِيَ اللَّهُ بِكَ-يَا بْنَ أَخِي-فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ.فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):اِخْسَأْ،يَا مَنْ أَتَبَّ اللَّهُ يَدَيْهِ،وَ لَمْ يَنْفَعْهُ مَالُهُ،وَ تَبَوَّأَ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ.قَالَ أَبُو لَهَبٍ:لَأَفْضَحَنَّكَ فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ بِالْقَمَرِ وَ شَقِّهِ وَ إِنْزَالِهِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ،وَ إِلاَّ أَلَّفْتَ كَلاَمَكَ هَذَا وَ جَعَلْتَهُ سُورَةً،وَ قُلْتَ:هَذَا أُوحِيَ إِلَيَّ فِي أَبِي لَهَبٍ.

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He said: So Quraysh burst into laughter and said, “Indeed, Muhammad has sought intercession through ʿAlī, because he has not yet reached puberty and bears no sin.” Abū Lahab said, “Indeed, Allah has humiliated you—O son of my brother—on this night.” The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said, “Be silenced, O one whose hands Allah has doomed, whose wealth did not avail him, and who has taken his seat in the Fire.”

Abū Lahab said, “I will surely disgrace you tonight over this moon and its splitting and its descent to the earth. Otherwise, you have fabricated this statement and made it a sūrah, and claimed, ‘This was revealed to me regarding Abū Lahab.’”

_3) -الأمالي 1:351.

_4) -الهداية الكبرى:24/70.

Page 215 in Arabic

فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):اِمْضِ يَا عَلِيُّ فِيمَا أَمَرْتُكَ وَ اسْتَعِذْ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الْجَاهِلِينَ.وَ هَرْوَلَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مِنَ الصَّفَا إِلَى الْمَشْعَرَيْنِ،وَ نَادَى وَ أَسْمَعَ وَ دَعَا،فَمَا اسْتَتَمَّ كَلاَمَهُ حَتَّى كَادَتِ الْأَرْضُ أَنْ تَسِيخَ بِأَهْلِهَا،وَ السَّمَاءُ أَنْ تَقَعَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ،فَقَالُوا:يَا مُحَمَّدُ،حَيْثُ أَعْجَزَكَ شَقُّ الْقَمَرِ أَتَيْتَنَا بِسِحْرِكَ لِتَفْتِنَّا بِهِ.فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):هَانَ عَلَيْكُمْ مَا دَعَوْتُ اللَّهَ بِهِ.فَإِنَّ السَّمَاءَ وَ الْأَرْضَ لاَ يَهُونُ عَلَيْهِمَا ذَلِكَ،وَ لاَ يُطِيقَانِ سَمَاعَهُ،فَقِفُوا بِأَمَاكِنِكُمْ وَ انْظُرُوا إِلَى الْقَمَرِ.

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Then the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said, “Go forth, O ʿAlī, with what I have commanded you, and seek refuge with Allah from the ignorant.” So ʿAlī (peace be upon him) hurried from al-Ṣafā to the Mashʿarayn, and he called out, made it audible, and supplicated. He had not even completed his words when the earth nearly sank with its people, and the sky almost collapsed onto the earth.

They said, “O Muhammad, since you were unable to split the moon, you have brought your magic to bewilder us with it.” The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said, “So easily you regard what I have invoked Allah with—while the heavens and the earth do not regard it lightly, nor can they bear to hear it. Remain in your places and look at the moon.”

قَالَ:ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْقَمَرَ انْشَقَّ نِصْفَيْنِ،قِسْمٌ وَقَعَ عَلَى الصَّفَا،وَ قِسْمٌ وَقَعَ عَلَى الْمَشْعَرَيْنِ،فَأَضَاءَتْ دَوَاخِلُ مَكَّةَ وَ أَوْدِيَتُهَا وَ شِعَابُهَا،وَ صَاحَ النَّاسُ مِنْ كُلِّ جَانِبٍ آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ.وَ صَاحَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ:أَهْلَكْتَنَا بِسِحْرِكَ فَافْعَلْ مَا تَشَاءُ،فَلَنْ نُؤْمِنَ لَكَ بِمَا جِئْتَنَا بِهِ،ثُمَّ رَجَعَ الْقَمَرُ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ مِنَ الْفَلَكِ،وَ أَصْبَحَ النَّاسُ يَلُومُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضاً،وَ يَقُولُونَ لِكُبَرَائِهِمْ:وَ اللَّهِ لَنُؤْمِنُنَّ بِمُحَمَّدٍ،وَ لَنَقَاتِلَنَّكُمْ مَعَهُ مُؤْمِنِينَ بِهِ،فَقَدْ سَقَطَتِ الْحُجَّةُ وَ تَبَيَّنَتِ الْأَعْذَارُ،وَ تَبَيَّنَ الْحَقُّ.

99-/10263 (continued)

He said: Then the moon split into two halves—one part fell upon al-Ṣafā, and the other fell upon the Mashʿarayn—so the inner parts of Mecca, its valleys, and its mountain passes were illuminated. The people cried out from every side, “We believe in Allah and His Messenger!” And the hypocrites shouted, “You have ruined us with your sorcery—so do as you wish, for we will never believe in what you have brought us.”

Then the moon returned to its place in the sky, and the people awoke blaming one another, saying to their leaders, “By Allah, we will surely believe in Muhammad, and we will surely fight you alongside him as believers in him—for the proof has become clear, the excuses have been exhausted, and the truth has been made evident.”

وَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ سُورَةَ أَبِي لَهَبٍ وَ اتَّصَلَتْ بِهِ.فَقَالَ:آهٍ لِمُحَمَّدٍ،نَظَرَ مَا قُلْتُهُ لَهُ فِي تَأْلِيفِهِ هَذَا الْكَلاَمَ، وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ مُحَمَّداً لَيُعَادِينِي لِكُفْرِي بِهِ وَ تَكْذِيبِي لَهُ [لِسَبَبِ الْعَبَّاسِ] ،فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ أَوْلاَدِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ،لَمَّا أَتَتْ أُمُّهُ بِتِلْكَ الْفَاحِشَةِ وَ حَرَّقَهَا أَبُونَا عَبْدُ الْمُطَّلِبِ عَلَى الصَّفَا،وَ كَانَ أَشَدَّهُمْ لَهُ جَحْداً الْحَارِثُ وَ الزُّبَيْرُ وَ أَبُو لَهَبٍ،فَحَلَفْتُ بِاللاَّتِ وَ الْعُزَّى أَنَّهُ مِنْ أَبِينَا عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ حَتَّى أَلْحَقْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ [اَلْعَبَّاسَ] بِالنَّسَبِ [1]،فَمِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ شَعَرَ وَ أَلَّفَ هَذَا الَّذِي زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ سُورَةٌ أَنْزَلَهَا اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فِيَّ،فَوَ حَقِّ اللاَّتِ وَ الْعُزَّى لَوْ أَتَى مُحَمَّدٌ بِمَا يَمْلَأُ الْأُفُقَ فِيَّ مِنْ مَدْحٍ مَا آمَنْتُ بِهِ،وَ حَسْبِي أَنْ أُبَايِنَ مُحَمَّداً مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ فِيمَا جَاءَ بِهِ،وَ لَوْ عَذَّبَنِي رَبُّ الْكَعْبَةِ بِالنَّارِ.

99-/10263 (continued)

And Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed on that very day Sūrat Abī Lahab (Surah al-Masad), and it became attached to him. Then he said, “Woe to Muhammad! Look at what he fabricated in his composition because of what I said to him. By Allah, Muhammad shows enmity toward me because of my disbelief in him and my denial of him—[because of the affair of al-ʿAbbās]. He is not from the descendants of ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, since his mother committed that indecency, and our father ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib burned her on al-Ṣafā.”

The ones who were most obstinate against the Prophet were al-Ḥārith, al-Zubayr, and Abū Lahab. Abū Lahab continued, “I swore by al-Lāt and al-ʿUzzā that [al-ʿAbbās] is not from our father ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib until I forced [ʿAbd Allāh]—[al-ʿAbbās]—into the lineage. That is why he (Muhammad) took offense and composed this which he claimed to be a sūrah revealed by Allah about me.

By al-Lāt and al-ʿUzzā, even if Muhammad were to bring what would fill the horizon in my praise, I would never believe in him. It is enough for me to dissociate from Muhammad and his household regarding what he has brought—even if the Lord of the Kaʿbah punishes me with the Fire.”

فَآمَنَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ سِتُّمِائَةٍ وَ اثْنَا عَشَرَ رَجُلاً أَسَرَّ أَكْثَرُهُمْ إِيمَانَهُ وَ كَتَمَهُ إِلَى أَنْ هَاجَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)، وَ مَاتَ أَبُو لَهَبٍ عَلَى كُفْرِهِ،وَ قُتِلَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ،وَ آمَنَ [2]أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَ مُعَاوِيَةُ وَ عُتْبَةُ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ،وَ الْعَبَّاسُ وَ زَيْدُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ وَ عَقِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ،وَ آمَنَ كَثِيرٌ مِنْهُمْ تَحْتَ الْقَتْلِ،ثَمَانُونَ رَجُلاً،وَ كَانُوا طُلَقَاءَ وَ لَمْ يَنْفَعْهُمْ إِيمَانُهُمْ».

99-/10263 (continued)

On that day, six hundred and twelve men believed, most of whom kept their faith hidden and concealed it until the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) migrated. Abū Lahab died a disbeliever, Abū Jahl was killed, and Abū Sufyān, Muʿāwiyah, and ʿUtbah believed on the day of the Conquest. Al-ʿAbbās, Zayd ibn al-Khaṭṭāb, and ʿAqīl ibn Abī Ṭālib also accepted faith. Many among them believed under the sword—eighty men—yet they were considered among the ṭulaqāʾ (those freed by the Prophet), and their belief did not benefit them.

/10264 _5-عمر بن إبراهيم الأوسي،قال:قال ابن عبّاس:سألوا أهل مكّة رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)أن يريهم أكبر الآيات،فأراهم القمر فرقتين حتّى رأوا حراء بينهما.

قال:و قال ابن مسعود:انشقاق القمر لرسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)،و ردّ الشمس لعلي بن أبي طالب(عليه السلام)، لأن كل فضل أعطى اللّه لنبيه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)أعطى مثله لوليه إلاّ النبوّة.و قيل:هذا خاتم النبيين،و هذا خاتم الوصيين.

99-/10264 _5

ʿUmar ibn Ibrāhīm al-Awsī said: Ibn ʿAbbās said: The people of Mecca asked the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) to show them the greatest of signs, so he showed them the moon split in two until they saw Mount Ḥirāʾ between the two parts.

And Ibn Masʿūd said: The splitting of the moon was for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family), and the return of the sun was for ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib (peace be upon him), for every excellence that Allah granted to His Prophet (peace be upon him and his family), He granted its like to his walī (successor), except for prophethood. And it was said: "This is the seal of the prophets, and this is the seal of the successors."

_5) -.......

[1] في المصدر:و تكذيبي له من بين بني عبد المطلب،و خاصّة لسبب العبّاس،فإنّه أنكره أولاد عبد المطلب لمّا أتت أمّه بتلك الفاحشة،و أحرقها أبونا عبد المطلب على الصفا،و كان أشدهم له جحدا الحارث و الزبير و أبو طالب و عبد اللّه،فحلفت باللاّت و العزّى أنّه من أبناء عبد المطلب حتّى ألحقت العبّاس بالنسب.

[2] في«ج»و المصدر،و«ط»نسخة بدل:و أسر.

[1] In the source: “and my rejection of him from among the sons of ‘Abd al-Muttalib, especially due to al-‘Abbas, for the sons of ‘Abd al-Muttalib denied him when his mother committed that immoral act, and our father ‘Abd al-Muttalib burned her on al-Safa. The most vehement in their denial of him were al-Harith, al-Zubayr, Abu Talib, and ‘Abdullah. So I swore by al-Lat and al-‘Uzza that he is from the sons of ‘Abd al-Muttalib until I attributed al-‘Abbas to the lineage.”

[2] In “J” and the source, and in the “T” version: alternative reading: “and he concealed” instead of “and he believed.”

Page 216 in Arabic

/10265 _6-ابن شهر آشوب،قال:أجمع المفسرون و المحدّثون سوى عطاء و الحسن و البلخيّ،في قوله تعالى: اِقْتَرَبَتِ السّٰاعَةُ وَ انْشَقَّ الْقَمَرُ

أَنَّهُ[قَدِ]اجْتَمَعَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ لَيْلَةَ بَدْرٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فَقَالُوا:إِنْ كُنْتَ صَادِقاً فَشُقَّ لَنَا الْقَمَرَ فِرْقَتَيْنِ.فَقَالَ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):«إِنْ فَعَلْتُ تُؤْمِنُونَ؟»قَالُوا:نَعَمْ.فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ بِإِصْبَعِهِ،فَانْشَقَّ شِقَّتَيْنِ.

99-/10265

Ibn Shahr Ashub said: The exegetes and hadith scholars—except for ‘Ata’, al-Hasan, and al-Balkhi—are unanimously agreed that regarding His saying, “The hour drew nigh and the moon was rent asunder” [Qur’an 54:1], the polytheists gathered on the night of Badr to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and said: “If you are truthful, then split the moon for us into two parts.” So he (peace be upon him and his family) said: “If I do that, will you then believe?” They said: “Yes.” So he pointed at it with his finger, and it split into two halves.

و فِي رِوَايَةٍ: نِصْفاً عَلَى أَبِي قُبَيْسٍ،وَ نِصْفاً عَلَى قُعَيْقِعَانِ. و فِي رِوَايَةٍ: نِصْفاً عَلَى الصَّفَا،وَ نِصْفاً عَلَى الْمَرْوَةِ.

فَقَالَ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): «اشْهَدُوا اشْهَدُوا»فَقَالَ نَاسٌ:سَحَرَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ،فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ:إِنْ كَانَ سَحَرَكُمْ فَلَمْ يَسْحَرِ النَّاسَ كُلَّهُمْ ؛

And in one narration: [the moon split]—one half upon Abū Qubays and the other half upon Qu‘ayqi‘ān. And in another narration: one half upon al-Ṣafā, and the other half upon al-Marwah.

Then the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: “Bear witness! Bear witness!”

Some people said: “Muḥammad has bewitched us.”

But one man said: “If he has bewitched you, then he has not bewitched all the people.”

[و كان]ذلك قبل الهجرة،و بقي قدر ما بين العصر إلى الليل و هم ينظرون إليه،و يقولون:هذا سحر مستمر.فنزل وَ إِنْ يَرَوْا آيَةً يُعْرِضُوا وَ يَقُولُوا سِحْرٌ مُسْتَمِرٌّ الآيات.

و فِي رِوَايَةٍ: أَنَّهُ قَدِمَ السُّفَّارُ مِنْ كُلِّ وَجْهٍ،فَمَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ قَدِمَ إِلاَّ أَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ رَأَوْا مِثْلَ مَا رَأَوْا.

And that occurred before the Hijrah, and [the moon remained split] for about the length of time between ʿAṣr and nightfall, while they were looking at it and saying: "This is persistent magic." Then the verse was revealed: "And if they see a sign, they turn away and say: Persistent magic." ([Qur’an 54:2], M. H. Shakir translation).

And in another narration: messengers and travelers came from every direction, and not a single one among them arrived except that he informed them that they had seen the same thing as they did.

99-/10266 _7- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ النُعْمَانِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْسُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ النَّاشِرِيُّ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَبَلَةَ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) وَ قَدْ سَأَلَهُ عُمَارَةُ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ،فَقَالَ[لَهُ]:أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ،إِنَّ نَاساً يُعَيِّرُونَنَا وَ يَقُولُونَ:إِنَّكُمْ تَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُ سَيَكُونُ صَوْتٌ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ.

99-/10266 Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Nuʿmānī said: Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Saʿīd narrated to us, saying: al-Qāsim ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn Ḥāzim narrated to us, saying: ʿUbays ibn Hishām al-Nāshirī narrated to us, from ʿAbd Allāh ibn Jabalah, from ʿAbd al-Ṣamad ibn Bashīr, from Abū ʿAbd Allāh Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad (peace be upon them), and ʿUmārah al-Hamdanī had asked him, saying: “May God rectify you — there are people who reproach us and say: You claim that a cry will be heard from the sky.”

فَقَالَ لَهُ:«لاَ تَرْوِ عَنِّي،وَ ارْوِ عَنْ أَبِي،كَانَ أَبِي يَقُولُ:هُوَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنْ نَشَأْ نُنَزِّلْ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ السَّمٰاءِ آيَةً فَظَلَّتْ أَعْنٰاقُهُمْ لَهٰا خٰاضِعِينَ [1]فَيُؤْمِنُ أَهْلُ الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعاً لِلصَّوْتِ[الْأَوَّلِ]،فَإِذَا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ صَعِدَ إِبْلِيسُ اللَّعِينُ حَتَّى يَتَوَارَى فِي جَوِّ السَّمَاءِ،ثُمَّ يُنَادِي:أَلاَ إِنَّ عُثْمَانَ قُتِلَ مَظْلُوماً،فَاطْلُبُوا بِدَمِهِ،فَيَرْجِعُ مَنْ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهِ شَرّاً،وَ يَقُولُونَ هَذَا سِحْرُ الشِّيعَةِ،وَ حَتَّى يَتَنَاوَلُونَّا،وَ يَقُولُونَ:هُوَ مِنْ سِحْرِهِمْ،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ إِنْ يَرَوْا آيَةً يُعْرِضُوا وَ يَقُولُوا سِحْرٌ مُسْتَمِرٌّ ».

99-/10266 (continued) He said to him: “Do not narrate it from me; rather, narrate it from my father. My father used to say: It is in the Book of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic — ‘If We please, We should send down to them a sign from the heaven so that their necks would remain humbled to it’ (Quran 26:4). Then all the people of the earth will believe in the first cry. But the next day, the accursed Iblis will ascend until he disappears into the sky’s atmosphere, and he will cry out: ‘Indeed, ʿUthmān was killed unjustly — seek vengeance for his blood!’ Then those for whom Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, wills evil will turn back and say: ‘This is the magic of the Shīʿa!’ and they will begin to speak against us, saying, ‘It is from their sorcery.’ And this is the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: ‘And if they see a sign, they turn aside and say: A magic continuous’ (Quran 54:2).”

99-/10267 _8- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ التَّيْمُلِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ،قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَسَمِعْتُ رَجُلاً مِنْ هَمْدَانَ يَقُولُ[لَهُ]:إِنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ الْعَامَّةَ يُعَيِّرُونَّا،وَ يَقُولُونَ لَنَا:إِنَّكُمْ تَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ مُنَادِياً يُنَادِي مِنَ السَّمَاءِ بِاسْمِ صَاحِبِ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ؛وَ كَانَ مُتَّكِئاً،فَغَضِبَ وَ جَلَسَ،

99-/10267 And from him, he said: Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Sa‘id narrated to us, who said: ‘Ali ibn al-Hasan al-Taymuli narrated to us, who said: ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman narrated to us, from al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from ‘Abdullah ibn Sinan, who said:

I was with Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) when I heard a man from Hamdan say to him: “These common people reproach us and say to us: You claim that a caller will call out from the sky with the name of the master of this affair.” He (the Imam) was reclining, but he became angry and sat upright.

ثُمَّ قَالَ:«لاَ تَرْوُوهُ عَنِّي وَ ارْوُوهُ عَنْ أَبِي،وَ لاَ حَرَجَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ، أَشْهَدُ أَنِّي[قَدْ]سَمِعْتُ أَبِي(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ:وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ لَبَيِّنٌ حَيْثُ يَقُولُ: إِنْ نَشَأْ نُنَزِّلْ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ السَّمٰاءِ آيَةً فَظَلَّتْ أَعْنٰاقُهُمْ لَهٰا خٰاضِعِينَ [2]،فَلاَ يَبْقَى فِي الْأَرْضِ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَحَدٌ إِلاَّ خَضَعَ وَ ذَلَّتْ رَقَبَتُهُ [لَهَا]،فَيُؤْمِنُ أَهْلُ الْأَرْضِ إِذَا سَمِعُوا الصَّوْتَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ:أَلاَ إِنَّ الْحَقَّ فِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ شِيعَتِهِ.

99-/10267 Then he said: “Do not narrate it from me; narrate it from my father, and there is no harm upon you in that. I bear witness that I indeed heard my father (peace be upon him) say: By Allah, it is clearly stated in the Book of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, where He says: ‘If We please, We can send down upon them a sign from the heaven so that their necks would remain bowed before it’ [Qur’an 26:4]. On that day, there will not remain a single person on the earth except that he will humble himself and his neck will yield to it. The people of the earth will believe when they hear the voice from the sky: ‘Indeed, the truth is with ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) and his Shi‘ah.’”

_6) -المناقب 1:122.

_7) -الغيبة:20/261.

_8) -الغيبة:19/260.

[1] الشعراء 26:4.

[2] الشعراء 26:4.

Page 217 in Arabic

قَالَ :فَإِذَا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ صَعِدَ إِبْلِيسُ فِي الْهَوَاءِ حَتَّى يَتَوَارَى عَنْ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ،ثُمَّ يُنَادِي:أَلاَ إِنَّ الْحَقَّ فِي عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ [وَ شِيعَتِهِ]،فَإِنَّهُ قُتِلَ مَظْلُوماً،فَاطْلُبُوا بِدَمِهِ-قَالَ:-فَيُثْبِتُ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِالْقَوْلِ الثَّابِتِ عَلَى الْحَقِّ،وَ هُوَ النِّدَاءُ الْأَوَّلُ،وَ يَرْتَابُ يَوْمَئِذٍ الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ،وَ الْمَرَضُ وَ اللَّهِ عَدَاوَتُنَا.فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ يَبْرَءُونَ مِنَّا وَ يَتَنَاوَلُونَّا،وَ يَقُولُونَ: إِنَّ الْمُنَادِيَ الْأَوَّلَ سِحْرٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ».ثُمَّ تَلاَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَوْلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ إِنْ يَرَوْا آيَةً يُعْرِضُوا وَ يَقُولُوا سِحْرٌ مُسْتَمِرٌّ .

99-/10267 He said: “Then, on the next day, Iblis ascends into the atmosphere until he is hidden from the people of the earth, then he calls out: ‘Behold! The truth is with ‘Uthman ibn ‘Affan [and his supporters], for he was killed wrongfully—so seek revenge for his blood.’”

He said: “So Allah will make firm those who believe with the firm word upon the truth—and that is the first call—and those in whose hearts is a disease will doubt. And by Allah, the disease is enmity toward us. At that moment, they will disassociate from us and speak against us, saying: ‘Indeed, the first caller was a sorcerer from the people of this house.’”

Then Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) recited the words of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: “And if they see a sign, they turn away and say: Transient magic.”

وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ سَعْدَانُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ،وَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ،وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْقَطَوَانِيُّ،جَمِيعاً،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ،مِثْلَهُ سَوَاءً بِلَفْظِهِ.

99-/10268 And from him: He said: Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Sa‘id narrated to us, saying: Muhammad ibn al-Mufaddal ibn Ibrahim, Sa‘dan ibn Ishaq, Ahmad ibn al-Husayn ibn ‘Abd al-Malik, and Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn al-Hasan al-Qattawani—all of them—narrated to us from al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from ‘Abdullah ibn Sinan, with the same narration, word for word.