50. The Chain of Transmission (Sanad) of Ziyarat Ashura

50. ﺳﻨﺪ زﯾﺎرت ﻋﺎﺷﻮرا

ﻣﺘﻦ زﯾﺎرت ﻋﺎﺷﻮرا و دﻋﺎي ﻋﻠﻘﻤﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ در ﮐﺘﺎب »ﻣﺼﺒﺎح اﻟﻤﺘﻬﺠّﺪ« ﺷﯿﺦ ﻃﻮﺳﯽ از ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺧﺎﻟﺪ ﻃﯿﺎﻟﺴﯽ، از ﺳﯿﻒ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﯿﺮه، از ﺻـﻔﻮان ﺑﻦ ﻣﻬﺮان، از اﻣـﺎم ﺻـﺎدق ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴـﻼم و از ﻋﻠﻘﻤﻪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤـﺪ ﺣﻀـﺮﻣﯽ از اﻣـﺎم ﺑﺎﻗﺮ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴـﻼم رواﯾﺖ ﺷـﺪه اﺳﺖ(1).

ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﺑﺰرﮔﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺼﯿﻞ ﭘﯿﺮاﻣﻮن ﺳﻨﺪ زﯾﺎرت ﻋﺎﺷﻮرا ﺑﺤﺚ ﮐﺮده، ﺻﺤّﺖ ﺳﻨﺪ آن را ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺷﻔّﺎف اﺛﺒﺎت ﮐﺮده اﻧﺪ:

(1 ﻣﺮﺣﻮم ﺣﺎج ﻣﯿﺮزا اﺑﻮاﻟﻔﻀﻞ ﺗﻬﺮاﻧﯽ، ﻣﺘﻮﻓﺎي 131s ق، در ﮐﺘﺎب »ﺷﻔﺎء اﻟﺼّﺪور« ﮐﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻮم ﻣﯿﺮزاي ﺷﯿﺮازي 1230) - 1320 ق( آن را ﺳـﺘﻮده و در ﺗﻘﺮﯾـﻆ ﺧـﻮد ﺑﺮ آن، آن را ﺑﯽ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ﺗﻮﺻـﯿﻒ ﮐﺮده(2) ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺼـﯿﻞ در اﺛﺒﺎت ﺻـﺤﺖ ﺳﻨﺪ آن ﺳﺨﻦ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ(3).

(2 ﻣﺮﺣﻮم آﯾﻪ اﻟﻠّﻪ ﺣﺎج ﻣﯿﺮزا ﻧﺼـﺮ اﻟﻠّﻪ ﺷﺒﺴﺘﺮي 1333) - 1424 ق( در ﮐﺘﺎب ارزﺷـﻤﻨﺪ »اﻟّﻠﻮءﻟﻮء اﻟﻨّﻀﯿﺪ« در ﺣﺪود 50 ﺻﻔﺤﻪ در اﺛﺒﺎت ﺻﺤّﺖ ﺳﻨﺪ آن ﺑﺤﺚ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. (4)

91 :ص

-1 .1 ﺷﯿﺦ ﻃﻮﺳﯽ، ﻫﻤﺎن، ص 777 و .772 -2 .2 ﺗﻬﺮاﻧﯽ، ﺷﻔﺎء اﻟﺼّﺪور، ج 1، ص .20 -3 .3 ﻫﻤﺎن، ص 30 - .42

-4 .4 ﺷﺒﺴﺘﺮي، اﻟّﻠﻮءﻟﻮء اﻟﻨّﻀﯿﺪ، ص 23 - .71

(3 آﯾﻪ اﻟﻠّﻪ ﺣﺎج ﺳـﯿﺪ ﻣﻮﺳـﯽ ﺷﺒﯿﺮي زﻧﺠﺎﻧﯽ، از ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ ﺗﻘﻠﯿﺪ، در ﭘﺎﺳﺦ اﺳـﺘﻔﺘﺎء از ﺳﻨﺪ زﯾﺎرت ﻋﺎﺷﻮرا، ﺑﻪ ﺧﻂ ﺷﺮﯾﻒ ﺧﻮد، در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ 28 رﺑﯿﻊ اﻻول 1428 ق، ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﺼﯿﻞ ﺑﺤﺚ ﮐﺮده، ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺷﯿﺦ ﻃﻮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺧﺎﻟﺪ ﻃﯿﺎﻟﺴﯽ را

ﺻﺤﯿﺢ، ﻣﻮرد وﺛﻮق و ﻫﻤﻪ ي ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ي راوﯾﺎن را از ﺑﺰرﮔﺎن اﻣﺎﻣﯿّﻪ و ﺳﻨﺪ را در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺻﺤّﺖ داﻧﺴﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ(1).

50. The Chain of Transmission (Sanad) of Ziyarat Ashura

The text of Ziyarat Ashura and the Du‘a of Alqamah is transmitted with a reliable chain of narration in the book Misbah al-Mutahajjid of Shaykh Tusi, from Muhammad ibn Khalid al-Tayalisi, from Sayf ibn Umayrah, from Safwan ibn Mihran, from Imam al-Sadiq (a.s.), and from Alqamah ibn Muhammad al-Hadrami, from Imam al-Baqir (a.s.).

Many great scholars have discussed in detail the chain of transmission of Ziyarat Ashura and have clearly proven its authenticity:

1.         The late Haj Mirza Abu’l-Fadl Tehrani (d. 1316 AH), in his book Shifa’ al-Sudur, praised by the late Mirza Shirazi (1230–1320 AH) who described it in his approbation as unparalleled, has thoroughly spoken about proving the authenticity of its chain of narration.

2.         The late Ayatollah Haj Mirza Nasrullah Shabestari (1333–1424 AH) in his valuable book Al-Lu’lu’ al-Nadhid has devoted nearly 50 pages to establishing the authenticity of its chain of narration.

3.         Ayatollah Haj Sayyid Musa Shubayri Zanjani, a leading jurist (marja‘), in response to an istifta’ (legal query) regarding the chain of Ziyarat Ashura, in his own handwriting dated 28 Rabi‘ al-Awwal 1428 AH, discussed it in detail and affirmed that the transmission of Shaykh Tusi from the book of Muhammad ibn Khalid al-Tayalisi is correct, trustworthy, and that the entire chain of narrators consists of the great scholars of the Imamiyyah, deeming it ultimately authentic.