Al-Anbiya Ayah 73

الأنبياء آيه 73

أَيَّتُهَا الْعِيرُ إِنَّكُمْ لَسٰارِقُونَ [1] ،ثُمَّ قَالَ:وَ اللَّهِ مَا سَرَقُوا،وَ مَا كَذَبَ.ثُمَّ تَلاَ: بَلْ فَعَلَهُ كَبِيرُهُمْ هٰذٰا فَسْئَلُوهُمْ إِنْ كٰانُوا يَنْطِقُونَ .ثُمَّ قَالَ:وَ اللَّهِ مَا فَعَلُوهُ،وَ مَا كَذَبَ».

Translation: “O caravan! you are most surely thieves.” [Qur’an 12:70, M. H. Shakir]. Then he said: By Allah, they did not steal, and he did not lie. Then he recited: “He said: Nay! this was done by the biggest of them; so ask them, if they can speak.” [Qur’an 21:63, M. H. Shakir]. Then he said: By Allah, they did not do it, and he [Ibrahim] did not lie.

99-/7166 _12- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ:عَنْ أَبِيهِ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْعَطَّارُ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ،عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ،عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي قِصَّةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): قٰالَ بَلْ فَعَلَهُ كَبِيرُهُمْ هٰذٰا فَسْئَلُوهُمْ إِنْ كٰانُوا يَنْطِقُونَ .قَالَ:«مَا فَعَلَهُ كَبِيرُهُمْ،وَ مَا كَذَبَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».

قُلْتُ:وَ كَيْفَ ذَاكَ؟قَالَ:«إِنَّمَا قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): فَسْئَلُوهُمْ إِنْ كٰانُوا يَنْطِقُونَ ،إِنَّ نَطَقُوا فَكَبِيرُهُمْ فَعَلَهُ،وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَنْطِقُوا فَلَمْ يَفْعَلْ كَبِيرُهُمْ شَيْئاً،فَمَا نَطَقُوا،وَ مَا كَذَبَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».

99-/7166 _12- Translation: Ibn Bābawayh: from his father (may Allah have mercy on him), who said: Muhammad b. Yahyā al-‘Attār narrated to us, from Muhammad b. Ahmad, from Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm b. Hāshim, from Sālih b. Sa‘īd, from a man of our companions, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him). He said: I asked him about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, in the story of Ibrahim (peace be upon him): “He said: Nay! this was done by the biggest of them; so ask them, if they can speak.” [Qur’an 21:63, M. H. Shakir]. He said: “The biggest of them did not do it, and Ibrahim (peace be upon him) did not lie.” I said: And how is that? He said: “Ibrahim (peace be upon him) only said: ‘so ask them, if they can speak.’ If they speak, then their biggest did it; and if they do not speak, then their biggest did nothing. They did not speak, and Ibrahim (peace be upon him) did not lie.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ وَهَبْنٰا لَهُ إِسْحٰاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ نٰافِلَةً وَ كُلاًّ جَعَلْنٰا صٰالِحِينَ [72]

Translation: “And We gave him Isaac and Jacob, a grandson, and We made (them) all good.” [Qur’an 21:72, M. H. Shakir]

99-/7167 _1- علي بن إبراهيم،قال:ولد الولد،و هو يعقوب.

99-/7167 _1- Translation: ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm said: “The child of the child (i.e., the grandson) — and he is Ya‘qūb.”

99-/7168 _2- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ:عَنْ أَبِيهِ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ،عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ [2]،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ،عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ وَهَبْنٰا لَهُ إِسْحٰاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ نٰافِلَةً ،قَالَ:«وَلَدُ الْوَلَدِ نَافِلَةٌ».

99-/7168 _2- Translation: Ibn Bābawayh: from his father (may Allah have mercy on him), who said: Ahmad b. Idrīs narrated to us, from Muhammad b. Ahmad, from ‘Īsā b. Muhammad [2], from ‘Alī b. Mahzyār, from Ahmad b. Muhammad al-Bazantī, from Yahyā b. ‘Imrān, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “And We gave him Isaac and Jacob, a grandson” [Qur’an 21:72, M. H. Shakir], he said: “The child of the child is a ‘nāfilah’ (a further gift).”

قوله تعالى:

وَ جَعَلْنٰاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنٰا وَ أَوْحَيْنٰا إِلَيْهِمْ فِعْلَ الْخَيْرٰاتِ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ كٰانُوا لَنٰا عٰابِدِينَ [73]

Translation: “And We made them imams who guided (people) by Our command, and We revealed to them the doing of good and the keeping up of prayer and the giving of the alms, and Us (alone) did they serve.” [Qur’an 21:73, M. H. Shakir]

99-/7169 _3- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْمُفَضَّلِ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ شَاذَانَ بْنِ خَبَّابٍ [3] الْأَزْدِيُّ الْخَلاَّلُ بِالْكُوفَةِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْعُرَنِيُّ، قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ يَعْلَى الْأَسْلَمِيُّ،عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ مُوسَى الْوَجِيهِيِّ،عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،إِذْ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ،فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ يُحَدِّثُهُ إِذْ خَرَجَ أَخِي مُحَمَّدٌ مِنْ بَعْضِ الْحُجَرِ،فَأَشْخَصَ جَابِرٌ بِبَصَرِهِ نَحْوَهُ،ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ:يَا غُلاَمُ،أَقْبِلْ.فَأَقْبَلَ،ثُمَّ قَالَ:أَدْبِرْ.فَأَدْبَرَ،فَقَالَ:شَمَائِلُ كَشَمَائِلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،مَا اسْمُكَ،يَا غُلاَمُ؟قَالَ:«مُحَمَّدٌ».قَالَ:اِبْنُ مَنْ؟قَالَ:«ابْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)».قَالَ:إِذَنْ أَنْتَ الْبَاقِرُ،فَانْكَبَّ عَلَيْهِ،وَ قَبَّلَ رَأْسَهُ وَ يَدَيْهِ،ثُمَّ قَالَ:يَا مُحَمَّدُ،إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)يُقْرِئُكَ السَّلاَمَ.قَالَ:«وَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَفْضَلُ السَّلاَمِ،وَ عَلَيْكَ يَا جَابِرُ بِمَا فَعَلْتَ السَّلاَمُ».

ثُمَّ عَادَ إِلَى مُصَلاَّهُ،فَأَقْبَلَ يُحَدِّثُ أَبِي،وَ يَقُولُ:إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)قَالَ لِي يَوْماً:«يَا جَابِرُ،إِذَا أَدْرَكْتَ وَلَدِي مُحَمَّداً فَأَقْرِئْهُ مِنِّي السَّلاَمَ،أَمَا إِنَّهُ سَمِيِّي،وَ أَشْبَهُ النَّاسِ بِي،عِلْمُهُ عِلْمِي،وَ حُكْمُهُ حُكْمِي،سَبْعَةٌ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ أُمَنَاءُ مَعْصُومُونَ،أَئِمَّةٌ أَبْرَارٌ،وَ السَّابِعُ مِنْهُمْ:مَهْدِيُّهُمُ الَّذِي يَمْلَأُ الْأَرْضَ قِسْطاً وَ عَدْلاً كَمَا مُلِئَتْ جَوْراً وَ ظُلْماً».ثُمَّ تَلاَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): وَ جَعَلْنٰاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنٰا وَ أَوْحَيْنٰا إِلَيْهِمْ فِعْلَ الْخَيْرٰاتِ وَ إِقٰامَ الصَّلاٰةِ وَ إِيتٰاءَ الزَّكٰاةِ وَ كٰانُوا لَنٰا عٰابِدِينَ .

99-/7169 _3- Translation: Ibn Bābawayh said: Abū al-Mufaḍḍal (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated to us, who said: Muhammad b. ‘Alī b. Shādhān b. Khabbāb [3] al-Azdī al-Khallāl in Kūfa narrated to me, who said: al-Hasan b. Muhammad b. ‘Abd al-Wāhid narrated to me, who said: al-Hasan b. al-Husayn al-‘Urani narrated to me, who said: Yahyā b. Ya‘lā al-Aslamī narrated to me, from ‘Umar b. Mūsā al-Wajīhī, from Zayd b. ‘Alī (peace be upon him). He said: I was with my father, ‘Alī b. al-Husayn (peace be upon them), when Jābir b. ‘Abdillāh al-Ansārī entered upon him. While he was speaking to him, my brother Muhammad came out from one of the rooms. Jābir fixed his gaze toward him, then said to him: Boy, come forward. So he came forward. Then he said: Turn back. So he turned back. He said: His traits are like the traits of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family). What is your name, boy? He said: “Muhammad.” He said: Son of whom? He said: “Son of ‘Alī b. al-Husayn b. ‘Alī b. Abī Tālib (peace be upon them).” He said: Then you are al-Bāqir. He fell upon him, kissed his head and hands, and said: O Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) conveys to you his salām. He said: “Upon the Messenger of Allah be the most excellent salām, and upon you, O Jābir, peace for what you have done.”

Then he returned to his place of prayer, and he began relating to my father, saying: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said to me one day: “O Jābir, when you reach my son Muhammad, convey to him my salām. Surely he has my name and is the most resembling of people to me; his knowledge is my knowledge, and his judgment is my judgment. Seven from his progeny are trustworthy, infallible ones—righteous imams—and the seventh of them is their Mahdī who will fill the earth with equity and justice as it was filled with oppression and injustice.” Then the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) recited: “And We made them imams who guided (people) by Our command, and We revealed to them the doing of good and the keeping up of prayer and the giving of the alms, and Us (alone) did they serve.” [Qur’an 21:73, M. H. Shakir]

99-/7170 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «إِنَّ الْأَئِمَّةَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِمَامَانِ:قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَ جَعَلْنٰاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنٰا ،لاَ بِأَمْرِ النَّاسِ،يُقَدِّمُونَ أَمْرَ اللَّهِ قَبْلَ أَمْرِهِمْ،وَ حُكْمَ اللَّهِ قَبْلَ حُكْمِهِمْ.

وَ قَالَ: وَ جَعَلْنٰاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَدْعُونَ إِلَى النّٰارِ [1]يُقَدِّمُونَ أَمْرَهُمْ قَبْلَ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ،وَ حُكْمَهُمْ قَبْلَ حُكْمِ اللَّهِ، وَ يَأْخُذُونَ بِأَهْوَائِهِمْ خِلاَفَ مَا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ».

وَ رَوَاهُ الْمُفِيدُ فِي(أَمَالِيهِ)عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارِ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ،عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ،عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:«الْأَئِمَّةُ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ إِمَامَانِ» وَ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى آخِرِهِ،بِبَعْضِ التَّغْيِيرِ الْيَسِيرِ فِي بَعْضِ الْأَلْفَاظِ بِمَا لاَ يُغَيِّرُ الْمَعْنَى [2].

99-/7170 _2- Translation: Muhammad b. Ya‘qūb: from Muhammad b. Yahyā, from Ahmad b. Muhammad, and Muhammad b. al-Husayn, from Muhammad b. Yahyā, from Talhah b. Zayd, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), who said: “Verily, the imams in the Book of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, are two (kinds) of imams. Allah, the Exalted, said: ‘And We made them imams who guided (people) by Our command’ [Qur’an 21:73, M. H. Shakir], not by the command of the people. They put Allah’s command before their own command, and Allah’s judgment before their own judgment. And He said: ‘And We made them leaders who call to the fire’ [Qur’an 28:41, M. H. Shakir]. They put their own command before Allah’s command, and their own judgment before Allah’s judgment, and they follow their desires contrary to what is in the Book of Allah, Mighty and Majestic.” Al-Mufīd narrated it in (his Amālī) from Muhammad b. al-Hasan, from Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-Saffār, from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. ‘Īsā, from Muhammad b. Sinān, from Talhah b. Zayd, from Ja‘far, from his father (peace be upon them), who said: “The imams in the Book of Allah are two (kinds of) imams,” and he mentioned the hadith to its end, with slight variation in some wording that does not change the meaning [2].

99-/7171 _3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ،عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ جَعَلْنٰاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنٰا .

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«يَعْنِي الْأَئِمَّةَ مِنْ وُلْدِ فَاطِمَةَ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)يُوحَى إِلَيْهِمْ بِالرَّوْحِ فِي صُدُورِهِمْ،ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ مَا أَكْرَمَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِهِ فَقَالَ: فِعْلَ الْخَيْرٰاتِ ».

99-/7171 _3- Translation: Muhammad b. al-‘Abbās said: Ja‘far b. Muhammad b. Mālik narrated to us, from Muhammad b. al-Hasan, from Muhammad b. ‘Alī, from Muhammad b. al-Fuḍayl, from Abū Hamzah, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, Mighty and Majestic: “And We made them imams who guided (people) by Our command.” [Qur’an 21:73, M. H. Shakir]. Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: “It means the imams from the progeny of Fātimah (peace be upon them). The Spirit is inspired into their hearts;” then he mentioned what Allah honored them with and said: “the doing of good deeds.”

_12) -معاني الأخبار:1/209.

Transliteration: Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār: 1/209.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:73.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:73.

_2) -معاني الأخبار:224.

Transliteration: Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār: 224.

_3) -كفاية الأثر:297.

Transliteration: Kifāyat al-Athar: 297.

[1] يوسف 12:70.

Transliteration: Yūsuf 12:70.

[2] في المصدر:محمّد بن أحمد بن عيسى بن محمّد.

Transliteration: fī al-maṣdar: Muhammad b. Ahmad b. ‘Īsā b. Muhammad.

[3] في المصدر:ابن حباب.

Transliteration: fī al-maṣdar: Ibn Ḥabāb.

قوله تعالى:

وَ لُوطاً آتَيْنٰاهُ حُكْماً وَ عِلْماً وَ نَجَّيْنٰاهُ مِنَ الْقَرْيَةِ الَّتِي كٰانَتْ تَعْمَلُ الْخَبٰائِثَ [74]

Translation: “And (as for) Lut, We gave him wisdom and knowledge and We delivered him from the town which wrought abominations; surely they were an evil people, transgressors.” [Qur’an 21:74, M. H. Shakir]

99-/7172 _1- علي بن إبراهيم،قال:كانوا ينكحون الرجال.

99-/7172 _1- Translation: ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm said: “They used to have intercourse with men.”

تقدمت أخبار قوم لوط في سورة هود،و الحجر [1]،و ستأتي-إن شاء اللّه تعالى-أخبار في ذلك في سورة الصافّات،و غير ذلك [2].

Translation: Reports about the people of Lūṭ have already preceded in Sūrat Hūd and al-Ḥijr [1], and—Allah willing—reports about that will come in Sūrat al-Ṣāffāt and elsewhere [2].

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:73.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:73.

_2) -الكافي 5:2/301.

Transliteration: al-Kāfī 5:2/301.

[1] تقدم في تفسير الآيات(69-83)من سورة هود،و في تفسير الآيات(48-72)من سورة الحجر.

Transliteration: taqaddama fī tafsīr al-āyāt (69-83) min Sūrat Hūd, wa fī tafsīr al-āyāt (48-72) min Sūrat al-Ḥijr.

[2] يأتي في الحديث(1)من تفسير الآيتين(137،138)من سورة الصافّات،و في تفسير الآيات(27-35)من سورة العنكبوت،و في تفسير الآيات(24-47)من سورة الذاريات.

Transliteration: ya’tī fī al-ḥadīth (1) min tafsīr al-āyatayn (137, 138) min Sūrat al-Ṣāffāt, wa fī tafsīr al-āyāt (27-35) min Sūrat al-‘Ankabūt, wa fī tafsīr al-āyāt (24-47) min Sūrat al-Dhāriyāt.

قوله تعالى:

وَ دٰاوُدَ وَ سُلَيْمٰانَ إِذْ يَحْكُمٰانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ إِذْ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ الْقَوْمِ وَ كُنّٰا لِحُكْمِهِمْ شٰاهِدِينَ* فَفَهَّمْنٰاهٰا سُلَيْمٰانَ وَ كُلاًّ آتَيْنٰا حُكْماً وَ عِلْماً [78-79]

Translation: “And Dawood and Sulaiman when they gave judgment concerning the field when the sheep of a people pastured therein by night, and We were bearers of witness to their judgment. So We gave Solomon (the true) understanding of it; and to each one We gave wisdom and knowledge.” [Qur’an 21:78-79, M. H. Shakir]

99-/7173 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنِ الْمُعَلَّى أَبِي عُثْمَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ دٰاوُدَ وَ سُلَيْمٰانَ إِذْ يَحْكُمٰانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ إِذْ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ الْقَوْمِ .

فَقَالَ:«لاَ يَكُونُ النَّفْشُ إِلاَّ بِاللَّيْلِ،إِنَّ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْحَرْثِ أَنْ يَحْفَظَهُ بِالنَّهَارِ،وَ لَيْسَ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْمَاشِيَةِ حِفْظُهَا بِالنَّهَارِ،وَ إِنَّمَا رَعْيُهَا بِالنَّهَارِ وَ أَرْزَاقُهَا،فَمَا أَفْسَدَتْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهَا،وَ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْمَاشِيَةِ حِفْظُ الْمَاشِيَةِ بِاللَّيْلِ عَنْ حَرْثِ النَّاسِ،فَمَا أَفْسَدَتْ بِاللَّيْلِ فَقَدْ ضَمِنُوا،وَ هُوَ النَّفْشُ،وَ إِنَّ دَاوُدَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)حَكَمَ لِلَّذِي أَصَابَ زَرْعَهُ

99-/7173 _2- Translation: Muhammad b. Ya‘qūb: from a number of our companions, from Ahmad b. Muhammad, from al-Husayn b. Sa‘īd, from some of our companions, from al-Mu‘allā Abī ‘Uthmān, from Abū Basīr, who said: I asked Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “And Dawood and Sulaiman when they gave judgment concerning the field when the sheep of a people pastured therein by night.” [Qur’an 21:78, M. H. Shakir]. He said: “Pasturing by night (al-nafsh) occurs only at night. It is upon the owner of the field to guard it by day, and it is not upon the owner of the livestock to guard them by day; rather, their grazing by day is their provision, so what they damage (by day) is not upon them. But it is upon the owner of the livestock to guard the livestock by night from the fields of people; so whatever they damage by night, they are liable for—that is al-nafsh. And verily Dāwūd (peace be upon him) judged for the one whose crop was affected…”

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:73.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:73.

_2) -الكافي 5:2/301.

Transliteration: al-Kāfī 5:2/301.

[3] كذا،و الظاهر:أصيب.

Transliteration: kadhā, wa al-ẓāhir: uṣība.