S 3 A 14

كدأب آل فرعون: أي فعل آل فرعون.

As the manner of the people of Pharaoh: that is, the action of the people of Pharaoh.

قَالَ: قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: قُلْ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا سَتُغْلَبُونَ وَ تُحْشَرُونَ إِلىٰ جَهَنَّمَ وَ بِئْسَ الْمِهٰادُ: إِنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ بَعْدَ بَدْرٍ، لَمَّا رَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) مِنْ بَدْرٍ أَتَى بَنِي قَيْنُقَاعَ وَ هُوَ يُنَادِيهِمْ، وَ كَانَ بِهَا سُوقٌ يُسَمَّى بِسُوقِ النَّبَطِ، فَأَتَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) فَقَالَ: «يَا مَعْشَرَ الْيَهُودِ، قَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ مَا نَزَلَ بِقُرَيْشٍ وَ هُمْ أَكْثَرُ عَدَداً وَ سِلاَحاً وَ كُرَاعاً مِنْكُمْ، فَادْخُلُوا فِي الْإِسْلاَمِ». فَقَالُوا: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، إِنَّكَ تَحْسَبُ حَرْبَنَا مِثْلَ حَرْبِ قَوْمِكَ، وَ اللَّهِ لَوْ لَقِيتَنَا لَلَقِيتَ رِجَالاً. فَنَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ قُلْ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا سَتُغْلَبُونَ وَ تُحْشَرُونَ إِلىٰ جَهَنَّمَ وَ بِئْسَ الْمِهٰادُ قَدْ كٰانَ لَكُمْ آيَةٌ فِي فِئَتَيْنِ الْتَقَتٰا فِئَةٌ تُقٰاتِلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ وَ أُخْرىٰ كٰافِرَةٌ يَرَوْنَهُمْ مِثْلَيْهِمْ رَأْيَ الْعَيْنِ أَيْ لَوْ كَانُوا مِثْلَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ اللّٰهُ يُؤَيِّدُ بِنَصْرِهِ مَنْ يَشٰاءُ يَعْنِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَعِبْرَةً لِأُولِي الْأَبْصٰارِ.

He said: His statement, Most High: Say to those who disbelieve: You shall be vanquished and driven together to hell; and evil is the resting-place. It was revealed after Badr. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) returned from Badr, he came to Banu Qaynuqa‘ while calling out to them, and there was in their area a market called Suq al-Nabat. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) came to them and said: “O assembly of Jews, you know what befell Quraysh while they were more numerous than you in men, arms, and cavalry; so enter into Islam.” They said: “O Muhammad, you reckon that our fighting is like the fighting of your people; by Allah, if you meet us, you will meet real men.” Then Gabriel (peace be upon him) descended to him and said: “O Muhammad, Say to those who disbelieve: You shall be vanquished and driven together to hell; and evil is the resting-place. Certainly there was a sign for you in the two hosts (which) met together: one party fighting in the way of Allah, and another unbelieving, whom they saw twice as many as themselves with the sight of the eye; and Allah strengthens with His aid whom He pleases—meaning the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) on the day of Badr. Most surely there is a lesson in this for those who have sight.”

قل للذين كفروا ستغلبون وتحشرون إلى جهنم وبئس المهاد [3:12]

Say to those who disbelieve: You shall be vanquished and driven together to hell; and evil is the resting-place. (Quran 3:12, M. H. Shakir)

قد كان لكم آية في فئتين التقتا فئة تقاتل في سبيل الله وأخرى كافرة يَرَوْنَهُمْ مِثْلَيْهِمْ رَأْيَ الْعَيْنِ وَاللَّهُ يُؤَيِّدُ بِنَصْرِهِ مَنْ يَشَاءُ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَعِبْرَةً لِأُولِي الْأَبْصَارِ [3:13]

Indeed there was a sign for you in the two hosts (which) met together: one party fighting in the way of Allah, and another unbelieving, whom they saw twice as many as themselves with the sight of the eye; and Allah strengthens with His aid whom He pleases; most surely there is a lesson in this for those who have sight. (Quran 3:13, M. H. Shakir)

زُيِّنَ لِلنّٰاسِ حُبُّ الشَّهَوٰاتِ مِنَ النِّسٰاءِ وَ الْبَنِينَ وَ الْقَنٰاطِيرِ الْمُقَنْطَرَةِ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ وَ الْفِضَّةِ وَ الْخَيْلِ الْمُسَوَّمَةِ وَ الْأَنْعٰامِ وَ الْحَرْثِ ذٰلِكَ مَتٰاعُ الْحَيٰاةِ الدُّنْيٰا وَ اللّٰهُ عِنْدَهُ حُسْنُ الْمَآبِ [3:14]

The love of desires, of women and sons and hoarded treasures of gold and silver and well-bred horses and cattle and tilth, is made to seem fair to men; this is the provision of the life of this world; and Allah is He with Whom is the good goal (of life). (Quran 3:14, M. H. Shakir)

99-/1616 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَرْقِيِّ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ، عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «مَا تَلَذَّذَ النَّاسُ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ بِلَذَّةٍ أَكْثَرَ لَهُمْ مِنْ لَذَّةِ النِّسَاءِ، وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: زُيِّنَ لِلنّٰاسِ حُبُّ الشَّهَوٰاتِ مِنَ النِّسٰاءِ وَ الْبَنِينَ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ -ثُمَّ قَالَ-: وَ إِنَّ أَهْلَ الْجَنَّةِ مَا يَتَلَذَّذُونَ بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ أَشْهَى عِنْدَهُمْ مِنَ النِّكَاحِ، لاَ طَعَامٍ وَ لاَ شَرَابٍ».

Al-Kulayni: from several of our companions, from Ahmad b. Abi ‘Abdillah al-Barqi, from al-Hasan b. Abi Qatada, from a man, from Jamil b. Darraj, who said: Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) said: “People have not enjoyed in this world and the next any pleasure more abundant for them than the pleasure of women, and that is the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: Adorned for men is the love of desires—of women and sons—to the end of the verse. Then he said: And indeed the people of Paradise do not delight in anything of Paradise that is more delectable to them than intercourse, not food and not drink.”

الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «مَا تَلَذَّذَ النَّاسُ...» وَ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِعَيْنِهِ [1].

Al-‘Ayyashi: from Jamil b. Darraj, who said: Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) said: “People have not enjoyed...” and he reported the very same hadith [1].

99-/1617 _2- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ: الْقِنْطَارُ: مِلْءُ مِسْكِ ثَوْرٍ ذَهَباً. وَ هُوَ الْمَرْوِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ).

Abu ‘Ali al-Tabrisi: “Al-qintar is a bull’s hide filled with gold.” And this is narrated from Abu Ja‘far and Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon them both).

/1618 _3- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: الْقَنَاطِيرُ: جُلُودُ الثِّيرَانِ مَمْلُوءَةً ذَهَباً وَ الْخَيْلِ الْمُسَوَّمَةِ يعني الراعية

‘Ali b. Ibrahim said: “Al-qanatir are bull hides filled with gold; and al-khayl al-musawwama means the grazing (marked) horses.”

_1) الكافي 5:10/321.

al-Kafi 5:10/321.

_2) مجمع البيان 2:712.

Majma‘ al-Bayan 2:712.

_3) تفسير القمّيّ 1:97.

Tafsir al-Qummi 1:97.

[1] تفسير العيّاشي 1:10/164.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:10/164.

وَ الْأَنْعٰامِ وَ الْحَرْثِ يعني الزرع وَ اللّٰهُ عِنْدَهُ حُسْنُ الْمَآبِ أي حسن المرجع إليه.

And the cattle and the tillage, meaning crops; and with Allah is the best place of return, that is, a fair return unto Him.

قُلْ أَ أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِخَيْرٍ مِنْ ذٰلِكُمْ لِلَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ الْقٰانِتِينَ وَ الْمُنْفِقِينَ وَ الْمُسْتَغْفِرِينَ بِالْأَسْحٰارِ [3:15-17]

Say: Shall I tell you of what is better than these? For those who guard (against evil) are gardens with their Lord, beneath which rivers flow, to abide in them, and pure mates and Allah’s pleasure; and Allah sees the servants. Those who say: Our Lord! surely we believe, therefore forgive us our faults and guard us against the chastisement of the fire. The patient, and the truthful, and the obedient, and those who spend (benevolently) and those who ask forgiveness in the morning times. (Quran 3:15-17, M. H. Shakir)

/1619 _1- من طريق المخالفين، عن ابن عبّاس، في قوله تعالى: قُلْ أَ أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِخَيْرٍ مِنْ ذٰلِكُمْ الآيات: نزلت في علي و حمزة و عبيدة بن الحارث.

From the route of the opponents (Sunnis), from Ibn ‘Abbas, regarding His saying, Most High: Say: Shall I tell you of what is better than these?—the verses: it was revealed about ‘Ali, Hamza, and ‘Ubayda b. al-Harith.

/1620 _2- علي بن إبراهيم: قال: أَ أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِخَيْرٍ مِنْ ذٰلِكُمْ لِلَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ جَنّٰاتٌ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهٰارُ خٰالِدِينَ فِيهٰا ثم أخبر أن هذا للذين يقولون: رَبَّنٰا إِنَّنٰا آمَنّٰا فَاغْفِرْ لَنٰا ذُنُوبَنٰا وَ قِنٰا عَذٰابَ النّٰارِ -إلى قوله- وَ الْمُسْتَغْفِرِينَ بِالْأَسْحٰارِ ثم أخبر أن هؤلاء هم اَلصّٰابِرِينَ وَ الصّٰادِقِينَ وَ الْقٰانِتِينَ وَ الْمُنْفِقِينَ وَ الْمُسْتَغْفِرِينَ بِالْأَسْحٰارِ وَ هُمُ الدَّعَّاءُونَ.

‘Ali b. Ibrahim said: “‘Shall I tell you of what is better than these? For those who are Godwary, with their Lord are gardens beneath which rivers flow, abiding therein’—then He informed that this is for those who say: ‘Our Lord, surely we believe, so forgive us our sins and guard us from the punishment of the Fire’—to His saying: ‘and those who ask forgiveness at dawn.’ Then He informed that these are the patient, the truthful, the devoutly obedient, the spenders, and the seekers of forgiveness at dawn—and they are the ones who supplicate.”

99-/1621 _3- الشَّيْخُ: بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ فَضَالَةَ، عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: اَلْمُسْتَغْفِرِينَ بِالْأَسْحَارِ؟ فقال: «اسْتَغْفَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) فِي وَتْرِهِ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً».

The Shaykh, through his isnad, from al-Husayn b. Sa‘id, from Fadala, from Husayn b. ‘Uthman, from Sama‘a, from Abu Basir, who said: I said to him: “‘Those who ask forgiveness at dawn’?” He said: “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) sought forgiveness in his witr seventy times.”

99-/1622 _4- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ: بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) قَالَ: «مَنْ قَالَ فِي وَتْرِهِ إِذَا أَوْتَرَ: أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ وَ أَتُوبُ إِلَيْهِ، سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً، وَ وَاظَبَ [1] عَلَى ذَلِكَ حَتَّى تَمْضِيَ سَنَةٌ، كَتَبَهُ اللَّهُ مِنَ الْمُسْتَغْفِرِينَ بِالْأَسْحَارِ، وَ وَجَبَتِ الْمَغْفِرَةُ لَهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ».

Ibn Babawayh, through his isnad, from ‘Umar b. Yazid, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), said: “Whoever says in his witr when he performs witr: ‘I seek forgiveness of Allah and I turn to Him in repentance,’ seventy times, and persists [1] upon that until a year passes, Allah will write him among those who seek forgiveness at dawn, and forgiveness becomes incumbent for him from Allah, Mighty and Majestic.”

99-/1623 _5- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: فِيهٰا وَ أَزْوٰاجٌ مُطَهَّرَةٌ [2]. قَالَ: «لاَ يَحِضْنَ وَ لاَ يُحْدِثْنَ».

Al-‘Ayyashi: from Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding Allah’s saying: “Therein are pure spouses” [2]. He said: “They do not menstruate, nor do they pass discharge.”

99-/1624 _6- عَنْ زُرَارَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «مَنْ دَاوَمَ عَلَى صَلاَةِ اللَّيْلِ وَ الْوِتْرِ، وَ اسْتَغْفَرَ اللَّهَ فِي كُلِّ

From Zurarah, who said: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: “Whoever maintains the night prayer and witr, and seeks forgiveness of Allah in every—”

_1) تفسير الحبري: 11/245.

Tafsir al-Hubari: 11/245.

_2) تفسير القمّيّ 1:97.

Tafsir al-Qummi 1:97.

_3) التهذيب 2:501/130.

al-Tahdhib 2:501/130.

_4) الخصال: 3/581.

al-Khisal: 3:581.

_5) تفسير العيّاشي 1:11/164.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:11/164.

_6) تفسير العيّاشي 1:12/165.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:12/165.

[1] في المصدر: مرة و هو قائم، فواظب.

fi al-masdar: marratan wa huwa qa’im, fawazaba.

[2] البقرة 2:25، النّساء 4:57.

al-Baqara 2:25, al-Nisa’ 4:57.