Yunus Ayah 65-71

يونس آيه 71-65

Yunus, verses 65–71

يَرَاهَا الْمُؤْمِنُ،وَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ الْجَنَّةُ مِمَّا أَعَدَّهُ اللَّهُ لَهُ مِنَ النِّعَمِ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: اَلَّذِينَ تَتَوَفّٰاهُمُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ طَيِّبِينَ يَقُولُونَ سَلاٰمٌ عَلَيْكُمْ ادْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ [1] أَبَداً ثَمَّ فِي الْجَنَّةِ».

The believer sees it; and in the Hereafter, the Garden is among what Allah has prepared for him of blessings at death. This is the saying of Allah, the Exalted: “Those whom the angels cause to die in a good state, saying: Peace be on you; enter the garden for what you did.” [Qur’an 16:32, M. H. Shakir]

99-/4938 _15- الطَّبْرِسِيُّ:فِي مَعْنَى أَوْلِيٰاءَ اللّٰهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «أَنَّهُمُ الَّذِينَ أَدَّوْا فَرَائِضَ اللَّهِ،وَ أَخَذُوا بِسُنَنِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ تَوَرَّعُوا عَنْ مَحَارِمِ اللَّهِ،وَ زَهِدُوا فِي عَاجِلِ هَذِهِ الدُّنْيَا،وَ رَغِبُوا فِيمَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ،وَ اكْتَسَبُوا الطَّيِّبَ مِنْ رِزْقِ اللَّهِ لِمَعَاشِهِمْ،لاَ يُرِيدُونَ بِهِ التَّكَاثُرَ وَ التَّفَاخُرَ،ثُمَّ أَنْفَقُوهُ فِيمَا يَلْزَمُهُمْ مِنَ الْحُقُوقِ الْوَاجِبَةِ،فَأُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ يُبَارِكُ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ فِيمَا اكْتَسَبُوا،وَ يُثَابُونَ عَلَى مَا قَدَّمُوا مِنْهُ لِآخِرَتِهِمْ».

99-/4938 _15- Al-Tabrisi: On the meaning of the friends of Allah, from ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn (peace be upon him): “They are those who have performed the obligations of Allah, adhered to the practices of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family), kept themselves from the forbidden things of Allah, showed detachment from the immediacies of this world, desired what is with Allah, and earned the lawful of Allah’s provision for their livelihoods without seeking by it increase and boasting; then they spent it on what was incumbent on them of obligatory rights. Those are the ones whom Allah blesses in what they have earned, and they are rewarded for what they sent ahead of it for their Hereafter.”

/4939 _16-و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم،في معنى الآية،قال:البشرى في الحياة الدنيا هي الرؤيا الصالحة [2] يراها المؤمن،و في الآخرة الجنة عند الموت،و هو قول اللّه: اَلَّذِينَ تَتَوَفّٰاهُمُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ طَيِّبِينَ يَقُولُونَ سَلاٰمٌ عَلَيْكُمْ ادْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ [3].

ثمّ قال:و قوله: لاٰ تَبْدِيلَ لِكَلِمٰاتِ اللّٰهِ أي لا تغيير للإمامة،و الدليل على أن الكلمات الإمامة،قوله:

وَ جَعَلَهٰا كَلِمَةً بٰاقِيَةً فِي عَقِبِهِ [4] يعني الإمامة.

/4939 _16- And ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said, regarding the meaning of the verse: The good news in the life of this world is the righteous dream [2] that the believer sees, and in the Hereafter it is the Garden at death. This is the saying of Allah: “Those whom the angels cause to die in a good state, saying: Peace be on you; enter the garden for what you did.” [Qur’an 16:32, M. H. Shakir] Then he said: And His saying, “There is no altering the words of Allah,” means there is no change in the Imamate; and the proof that “the words” are the Imamate is His saying: “And he made it a word to continue in his descendants” [Qur’an 43:28, M. H. Shakir], meaning the Imamate.

قوله تعالى:

وَ لاٰ يَحْزُنْكَ قَوْلُهُمْ إِنَّ الْعِزَّةَ لِلّٰهِ جَمِيعاً -إلى قوله تعالى- ثُمَّ لاٰ يَكُنْ أَمْرُكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ غُمَّةً ثُمَّ اقْضُوا إِلَيَّ وَ لاٰ تُنْظِرُونِ [65-71]

His saying, the Exalted:

“And let not their speech grieve you; surely might is wholly Allah’s … then let not your affair be a matter of doubt to you; then have recourse to me, and give me no respite.” [Yunus 10:65–71; translation note: cited contextually in the commentary below]

/4940 _1-علي بن إبراهيم قال في قوله: وَ لاٰ يَحْزُنْكَ قَوْلُهُمْ إِنَّ الْعِزَّةَ لِلّٰهِ جَمِيعاً إلى قوله تعالى بِمٰا كٰانُوا يَكْفُرُونَ فإنه محكم ،و قوله: وَ اتْلُ عَلَيْهِمْ مخاطبة لمحمّد(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله) نَبَأَ نُوحٍ أي خبر نوح إِذْ قٰالَ لِقَوْمِهِ يٰا قَوْمِ إِنْ كٰانَ كَبُرَ عَلَيْكُمْ مَقٰامِي وَ تَذْكِيرِي بِآيٰاتِ اللّٰهِ فَعَلَى اللّٰهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ فَأَجْمِعُوا أَمْرَكُمْ وَ شُرَكٰاءَكُمْ الذين تعبدون ثُمَّ لاٰ يَكُنْ أَمْرُكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ غُمَّةً أي لا تغتموا ثُمَّ اقْضُوا إِلَيَّ أي ادعوا علي وَ لاٰ تُنْظِرُونِ .

99-/4940 _1- ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said regarding His saying: “And let not their speech grieve you; surely might is wholly Allah’s … up to His saying … because they used to disbelieve”—that it is muhkam (decisive). And His saying: “And recite to them” addresses Muhammad (may Allah bless him and his family): “the story of Nuh,” meaning the account of Nuh—“when he said to his people: O my people! if my stay and my reminding (you) by the communications of Allah is hard on you, yet on Allah do I rely; so resolve upon your affair and (gather) your associates [i.e., those you worship] together, then let not your affair be a matter of doubt to you, then have it executed against me and give me no respite” [Qur’an 10:65–71 (context); the quoted challenge is from 10:71, M. H. Shakir]. “Then let not your affair be a matter of doubt to you” means: do not be distressed; “then have it executed against me” means: call against me; “and give me no respite.”

قوله تعالى:

ثُمَّ بَعَثْنٰا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ رُسُلاً -إلى قوله تعالى- فَمٰا كٰانُوا لِيُؤْمِنُوا بِمٰا كَذَّبُوا بِهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ [74]

His saying, the Exalted:

“Then We raised up after him messengers … so they were not such as should believe in what they rejected before.” [Yunus 10:74, M. H. Shakir]

99-/4941 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ،عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ وَ عُقْبَةَ جَمِيعاً،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ خَلَقَ الْخَلْقَ،فَخَلَقَ مَنْ أَحَبَّ،مِمَّا أَحَبَّ،وَ كَانَ مَا أَحَبَّ أَنْ خَلَقَهُ مِنْ طِينَةِ الْجَنَّةِ.وَ خَلَقَ مَنْ أَبْغَضَ مِمَّا أَبْغَضَ،وَ كَانَ مَا أَبْغَضَ أَنْ خَلَقَهُ مِنْ طِينَةِ النَّارِ،ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُمْ فِي الظِّلاَلِ».

فَقُلْتُ:وَ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ الظِّلاَلُ؟فَقَالَ:«أَ لَمَ تَرَ إِلَى ظِلِّكَ فِي الشَّمْسِ شَيْئاً وَ لَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ؟ثُمَّ بَعَثَ مِنْهُمُ النَّبِيِّينَ، فَدَعَوْهُمْ إِلَى الْإِقْرَارِ بِاللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لَئِنْ سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَنْ خَلَقَهُمْ لَيَقُولُنَّ اللّٰهُ [1]،ثُمَّ دَعَوْهُمْ إِلَى الْإِقْرَارِ بِالنَّبِيِّينَ،فَأَقَرَّ بَعْضٌ وَ أَنْكَرَ بَعْضٌ،ثُمَّ دَعَوْهُمْ إِلَى وَلاَيَتِنَا،فَأَقَرَّ بِهَا وَ اللَّهِ مَنْ أَحَبَّ،وَ أَنْكَرَهَا مَنْ أَبْغَضَ،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ: فَمٰا كٰانُوا لِيُؤْمِنُوا بِمٰا كَذَّبُوا بِهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ ».ثُمَّ قَالَ:أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«كَانَ التَّكْذِيبُ ثَمَّ» [2].

وَ رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ فِي(الْعِلَلِ):عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ،بِبَاقِي السَّنَدِ وَ الْمَتْنِ [3].

99-/4941 _1- Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub: from Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn, from Muhammad ibn Isma‘il, from Salih ibn ‘Uqbah, from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad al-Ju‘fi and ‘Uqbah together, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “Surely Allah, Mighty and Majestic, created the creation, so He created whom He loved from what He loved, and what He loved was that He created him from the clay of the Garden; and He created whom He abhorred from what He abhorred, and what He abhorred was that He created him from the clay of the Fire. Then He dispatched them in the shadows.” I said: And what are the shadows? He said: “Have you not seen your shadow in the sun—something, yet it is not a thing? Then He sent among them the prophets, and they called them to confess Allah, Mighty and Majestic—and it is His saying, Mighty and Majestic, ‘And if you ask them who created them, they would certainly say: Allah’ [Qur’an 43:87, M. H. Shakir]—then they called them to confess the prophets; some acknowledged and some denied. Then they called them to our wilayah; by Allah, those whom He loved acknowledged it, and those whom He abhorred denied it—and it is His saying: ‘So they were not such as should believe in what they rejected before’ [Qur’an 10:74, M. H. Shakir].” Then Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: “The denial was there [2].” And Ibn Babawayh narrated this hadith in (al-‘Ilal) from his father, from Sa‘d ibn ‘Abd Allah, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Muhammad ibn Isma‘il ibn Bazī‘, with the remainder of the chain and text [3].

99-/4942 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ زُرَارَةَ وَ حُمْرَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،قَالاَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ الْخَلْقَ وَ هِيَ أَظِلَّةٌ،فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ مُحَمَّداً(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ آمَنَ بِهِ،وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَذَّبَهُ،ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُ فِي الْخَلْقِ الْآخَرِ فَآمَنَ بِهِ مَنْ كَانَ آمَنَ بِهِ فِي الْأَظِلَّةِ،وَ جَحَدَهُ مَنْ جَحَدَ بِهِ يَوْمَئِذٍ،فَقَالَ: فَمٰا كٰانُوا لِيُؤْمِنُوا بِمٰا كَذَّبُوا بِهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ ».

99-/4942 _2- Al-‘Ayyashi: from Zurārah and Humrān, from Abu Ja‘far and Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon them both), who said: “Allah created the creation while they were shadows; then He sent His Messenger Muhammad (may Allah bless him and his family). Among them were those who believed in him and among them were those who denied him. Then He sent him among the other creation, so the one who had believed in him among the shadows believed in him, and the one who had denied him then denied him; so He said: ‘So they were not such as should believe in what they rejected before.’” [Qur’an 10:74, M. H. Shakir]

99-/4943 _3- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ: ثُمَّ بَعَثْنٰا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ رُسُلاً إِلىٰ قَوْمِهِمْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ بِمٰا كَذَّبُوا بِهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ ،قَالَ:«بَعَثَ اللَّهُ الرُّسُلَ إِلَى الْخَلْقِ وَ هُمْ فِي أَصْلاَبِ الرِّجَالِ وَ أَرْحَامِ النِّسَاءِ،فَمَنْ صَدَّقَ حِينَئِذٍ صَدَّقَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ،وَ مَنْ كَذَّبَ حِينَئِذٍ كَذَّبَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ».

99-/4943 _3- From Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, “Then We raised up after him messengers to their people … up to His saying … ‘what they rejected before’”: He said: “Allah sent the messengers to the creation while they were in the loins of men and the wombs of women. Whoever affirmed then, affirmed thereafter; and whoever denied then, denied thereafter.” [Alluding to Qur’an 10:74, M. H. Shakir]

99-/4944 _4- عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ الْخَلْقَ،فَخَلَقَ مَنْ

99-/4944 _4- From ‘Abd Allah ibn Muhammad al-Ju‘fi, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: “Indeed Allah created the creation, so He created whom …” [Text truncated in the source.]

الهوامش:

_15) -مجمع البيان 5:181.

_15) -Majma‘ al-Bayān 5:181.

_16) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:314.

_16) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:314.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:314.

_1) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:314.

[1] النحل 16:32.

[1] al-Nahl 16:32.

[2] في المصدر:الحسنة.

[2] fī al-maṣdar: al-ḥasanah.

[3] النحل 16:32.

[3] al-Nahl 16:32.

[4] الزخرف 43:28.

[4] al-Zukhruf 43:28.

الهوامش:

_1) -الكافي 2:3/8.

_1) -al-Kāfī 2:3/8.

_2) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:35/126.

_2) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:35/126.

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:36/126.

_3) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:36/126.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:37/126.

_4) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:37/126.

[1] الزخرف 43:87.

[1] al-Zukhruf 43:87.

[2] ثمّ هنا:ظرف لا يتصرّف،بمعنى هنالك.

[2] thumma hunā: ẓarf lā yataṣarruf, bi-ma‘nā hunālika.

[3] علل الشرائع:3/118.

[3] ‘Ilal al-Sharā’i‘ 3:118.