Al-Hajj Ayah 52-55

أُولَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ الْجَحِيمِ-قَالَ-هُمُ الْأَرْبَعَةُ نَفَرٍ:اَلتَّيْمِيُّ،وَ الْعَدَوِيُّ،وَ الْأُمَوِيَّانِ».

Those are the companions of the blazing Fire—he said: they are the four men: the Taymī, the ‘Adawī, and the two Umayyads.

قوله تعالى:

وَ مٰا أَرْسَلْنٰا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ وَ لاٰ نَبِيٍّ -إلى قوله تعالى- عَذٰابُ يَوْمٍ عَقِيمٍ [52-55]

His saying, the Exalted: And We did not send before you any messenger or prophet ... to His saying: the chastisement of a barren day. [Hajj 22:52–55]

Translation (M. H. Shakir):

22:52 And We did not send before you any messenger or prophet, but when he desired, the Shaitan made a suggestion respecting his desire; but Allah annuls that which the Shaitan casts, then does Allah establish His communications, and Allah is Knowing, Wise.

22:53 So that He may make what the Shaitan casts a trial for those in whose hearts is disease and those whose hearts are hard; and most surely the unjust are in a great opposition,

22:54 And that those who have been given the knowledge may know that it is the truth from your Lord, so that they may believe in it and their hearts may be lowly before it; and most surely Allah is the Guide of those who believe into a right path.

22:55 And those who disbelieve shall not cease to be in doubt concerning it until the hour comes upon them suddenly, or there comes upon them the chastisement of a destructive day.

99-/7383 _1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:إِنَّ الْعَامَّةَ رَوَوْا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)كَانَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ،فَقَرَأَ سُورَةَ النَّجْمِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ،وَ قُرَيْشٌ يَسْتَمِعُونَ لِقِرَاءَتِهِ،فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ: أَ فَرَأَيْتُمُ اللاّٰتَ وَ الْعُزّٰى* وَ مَنٰاةَ الثّٰالِثَةَ الْأُخْرىٰ [1]أَجْرَى إِبْلِيسُ عَلَى لِسَانِهِ:فَإِنَّهَا لَلْغَرَانِيقُ الْأُولَى،وَ إِنَّ شَفَاعَتَهُنَّ لَتُرْجَى.فَفَرِحَتْ قُرَيْشٌ،وَ سَجَدُوا، وَ كَانَ فِي الْقَوْمِ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ وَ هُوَ شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ،فَأَخَذَ كَفّاً مِنْ حَصًى،فَسَجَدَ عَلَيْهِ وَ هُوَ قَاعِدٌ،وَ قَالَتْ قُرَيْشٌ:قَدْ أَقَرَّ مُحَمَّدٌ بِشَفَاعَةِ اللاَّتِ وَ الْعُزَّى،قَالَ:فَنَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ لَهُ:قَدْ قَرَأْتَ مَا لَمْ أَنْزِلْ بِهِ عَلَيْكَ، وَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ: وَ مٰا أَرْسَلْنٰا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ وَ لاٰ نَبِيٍّ إِلاّٰ إِذٰا تَمَنّٰى أَلْقَى الشَّيْطٰانُ فِي أُمْنِيَّتِهِ فَيَنْسَخُ اللّٰهُ مٰا يُلْقِي الشَّيْطٰانُ .

99-/7383 - Ali ibn Ibrahim: The general populace have narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) was in prayer, and he recited Surat al-Najm in the Sacred Mosque while Quraysh were listening to his recitation. When he reached this verse: Have you then considered the Lat and the Uzza, and Manat, the third, the last [Najm 53:19–20], Iblis ran upon his tongue: “Indeed, they are the exalted cranes, and their intercession is hoped for.” Quraysh rejoiced and prostrated. Among the people was al-Walid ibn al-Mughirah al-Makhzumi, an old man; he took a handful of pebbles and prostrated upon them while he was seated. Quraysh said, “Muhammad has acknowledged the intercession of al-Lat and al-‘Uzza.” Then Gabriel (peace be upon him) descended and said to him, “You have recited that which I did not send down to you,” and He sent down to him: And We did not send before you any messenger or prophet but when he desired, the Shaitan made a suggestion respecting his desire; but Allah annuls that which the Shaitan casts. [Hajj 22:52]

أَ فَرَأَيْتُمُ اللاّٰتَ وَ الْعُزّٰى* وَ مَنٰاةَ الثّٰالِثَةَ الْأُخْرىٰ [Najm 53:19–20]

Translation (M. H. Shakir): Have you then considered the Lat and the Uzza, And Manat, the third, the last?

و

أَمَّا الْخَاصَّةُ فَإِنَّهُمْ رَوَوْا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَصَابَتْهُ خَصَاصَةٌ،فَجَاءَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ،فَقَالَ لَهُ:هَلْ عِنْدَكَ مِنْ طَعَامٍ؟فَقَالَ:نَعَمْ،يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ.وَ ذَبَحَ لَهُ عَنَاقاً [2]،وَ شَوَاهُ،فَلَمَّا أَدْنَاهُ مِنْهُ تَمَنَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَنْ يَكُونَ مَعَهُ عَلِيٌّ وَ فَاطِمَةُ وَ الْحَسَنُ،وَ الْحُسَيْنُ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ).

فَجَاءَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَ عُمَرُ،ثُمَّ جَاءَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بَعْدَهُمَا،فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ: وَ مٰا أَرْسَلْنٰا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ وَ لاٰ نَبِيٍّ وَ لاَ مُحَدَّثٍ إِلاّٰ إِذٰا تَمَنّٰى أَلْقَى الشَّيْطٰانُ فِي أُمْنِيَّتِهِ يَعْنِي فُلاَناً وَ فُلاَناً فَيَنْسَخُ اللّٰهُ مٰا يُلْقِي الشَّيْطٰانُ يَعْنِي لَمَّا جَاءَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بَعْدَهُمَا ثُمَّ يُحْكِمُ اللّٰهُ آيٰاتِهِ يَعْنِي بِنُصْرَةِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».

ثُمَّ قَالَ: لِيَجْعَلَ مٰا يُلْقِي الشَّيْطٰانُ فِتْنَةً يَعْنِي فُلاَناً وَ فُلاَناً لِلَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ قَالَ:اَلشَّكُّ وَ الْقٰاسِيَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: إِلىٰ صِرٰاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ يَعْنِي إِلَى الْإِمَامِ الْمُسْتَقِيمِ.ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَ لاٰ يَزٰالُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فِي مِرْيَةٍ مِنْهُ أَيْ فِي شَكٍّ مِنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) حَتّٰى تَأْتِيَهُمُ السّٰاعَةُ بَغْتَةً أَوْ يَأْتِيَهُمْ عَذٰابُ يَوْمٍ عَقِيمٍ قَالَ:اَلْعَقِيمُ:اَلَّذِي لاَ مِثْلَ لَهُ فِي الْأَيَّامِ.

And as for the elect, they have narrated from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) suffered want, so he went to a man from the Ansar and said to him, ‘Do you have any food?’ He said, ‘Yes, O Messenger of Allah,’ and he slaughtered for him a young she-goat and roasted it. When he brought it near to him, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) wished that ‘Ali and Fatimah and al-Hasan and al-Husayn (peace be upon them) were with him. Then Abu Bakr and ‘Umar came, and after them ‘Ali (peace be upon him) came. So Allah sent down regarding that: And We did not send before you any messenger, nor a prophet, nor a one spoken to (muhaddath), but when he desired, the Shaitan made a suggestion respecting his desire—meaning So-and-so and So-and-so—then Allah annuls that which the Shaitan casts—meaning when ‘Ali (peace be upon him) came after them—then Allah establishes His signs—meaning by the help of the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him).’ Then he said: So that He may make what the Shaitan casts a trial—meaning So-and-so and So-and-so—for those in whose hearts is a disease, meaning doubt, and for those whose hearts are hard, up to His saying: to a straight path, meaning to the right-acting Imam. Then he said: And those who disbelieve shall not cease to be in doubt concerning it—i.e., in doubt about the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him)—until the Hour comes upon them suddenly, or there comes upon them the chastisement of a barren day. He said: ‘Barren’ means: the one that has no like among the days.”

99-/7384 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ حَرِيزٍ،عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ مٰا أَرْسَلْنٰا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ وَ لاٰ نَبِيٍّ إِلاّٰ إِذٰا تَمَنّٰى أَلْقَى الشَّيْطٰانُ فِي أُمْنِيَّتِهِ فَيَنْسَخُ اللّٰهُ مٰا يُلْقِي الشَّيْطٰانُ الْآيَةَ.

قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ قَدْ أَصَابَهُ جُوعٌ شَدِيدٌ،فَأَتَى رَجُلاً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ، فَذَبَحَ لَهُ عَنَاقاً،وَ قَطَعَ لَهُ عِذْقَ بُسْرٍ وَ رُطَبٍ،فَتَمَنَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ قَالَ:يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْكُمْ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ»قَالَ:«فَجَاءَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ،ثُمَّ جَاءَ عُمَرُ،ثُمَّ جَاءَ عُثْمَانُ،ثُمَّ جَاءَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ: وَ مٰا أَرْسَلْنٰا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ وَ لاٰ نَبِيٍّ إِلاّٰ إِذٰا تَمَنّٰى أَلْقَى الشَّيْطٰانُ فِي أُمْنِيَّتِهِ فَيَنْسَخُ اللّٰهُ مٰا يُلْقِي الشَّيْطٰانُ ثُمَّ يُحْكِمُ اللّٰهُ آيٰاتِهِ وَ اللّٰهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ ».

99-/7384 - Muhammad ibn al-‘Abbas, said: Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn ‘Ali narrated to us, he said: My father narrated to me, from his father, from Hammad ibn ‘Isa, from Hariz, from Zurara, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, Mighty and Majestic: And We did not send before you any messenger nor a prophet but when he desired, the Shaitan made a suggestion respecting his desire; but Allah annuls that which the Shaitan casts... He said: “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) went out afflicted by severe hunger, and came to a man from the Ansar, who slaughtered for him a young she-goat and cut for him a cluster of unripe and ripe dates. The Messenger of Allah wished for ‘Ali (peace be upon him), and said, ‘A man from the people of Paradise will enter upon you.’ Then Abu Bakr came, then ‘Umar came, then ‘Uthman came, then ‘Ali (peace be upon him) came. Then this verse was sent down: And We did not send before you any messenger nor a prophet but when he desired, the Shaitan made a suggestion respecting his desire; but Allah annuls that which the Shaitan casts; then Allah establishes His communications; and Allah is Knowing, Wise.” [Hajj 22:52–53, translation per M. H. Shakir as above]

99-/7385 _3- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنِيُّ،عَنْ إِدْرِيسَ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ،عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ سُوقَةَ،عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ عُتَيْبَةَ،قَالَ:قَالَ لِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ): «يَا حَكَمُ،هَلْ تَدْرِي مَا كَانَتِ الْآيَةُ الَّتِي كَانَ يَعْرِفُ بِهَا عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،صَاحِبَ قَتْلِهِ،وَ يَعْرِفُ بِهَا الْأُمُورَ الْعِظَامَ الَّتِي كَانَ يُحَدِّثُ بِهَا النَّاسَ؟»قَالَ:قُلْتُ:لاَ وَ اللَّهِ.فَأَخْبِرْنِي بِهَا،يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ.قَالَ:«هِيَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ مٰا أَرْسَلْنٰا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ وَ لاٰ نَبِيٍّ وَ لاَ مُحَدَّثٍ».

قُلْتُ:فَكَانَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مُحَدَّثاً؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ،وَ كُلُّ إِمَامٍ مِنَّا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتَ مُحَدَّثٌ».

99-/7385 - And from him, he said: Ja‘far ibn Muhammad al-Hasani narrated to us, from Idris ibn Ziyad, from al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Jamil ibn Salih, from Ziyad ibn Suqah, from al-Hakam ibn ‘Utaybah, who said: ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn (peace be upon them) said to me: “O Hakam, do you know the verse by which ‘Ali (peace be upon him) recognized his killer, and by which he knew the great matters of which he would speak to the people?” I said, “No, by Allah. Inform me of it, O son of the Messenger of Allah.” He said: “It is the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: And We did not send before you any messenger, nor a prophet, nor a one spoken to (muhaddath).” I said, “So was ‘Ali (peace be upon him) a one spoken to (muhaddath)?” He said: “Yes, and every Imam from us, the People of the House, is a muhaddath.”

99-/7386 _4- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ،عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ،عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ النَّصْرِيِّ،قَالَ: قَالَ لِيَ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ عُتَيْبَةَ:إِنَّ مَوْلاَيَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ لِي:«إِنَّمَا عِلْمُ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)كُلُّهُ فِي آيَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ».قَالَ:فَخَرَجَ عِمْرَانُ بْنُ أَعْيَنَ لِيَسْأَلَهُ،فَوَجَدَ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَدْ قُبِضَ،فَقَالَ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):إِنَّ الْحَكَمَ حَدَّثَنَا عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)أَنَّهُ قَالَ:«إِنَّ عِلْمَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)كُلَّهُ فِي آيَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ»؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«وَ مَا تَدْرِي مَا هِيَ؟»قُلْتُ:لاَ.قَالَ:«هِيَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَ مٰا أَرْسَلْنٰا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ وَ لاٰ نَبِيٍّ وَ لاَ مُحَدَّثٍ،ثُمَّ أَبَانَ شَأْنَ الرَّسُولِ،وَ النَّبِيِّ،وَ الْمُحَدَّثِ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ)».

99-/7386 - And from him, he said: al-Husayn ibn ‘Amir, from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn ibn Abi al-Khattab, from Safwan ibn Yahya, from Dawud ibn Farqad, from al-Harith ibn al-Mughira al-Nasri, said: Al-Hakam ibn ‘Utaybah said to me: My master ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn (peace be upon him) said to me, “Indeed, all of ‘Ali’s knowledge (peace be upon him) is in one verse.” ‘Imran ibn A‘yan set out to ask him, but found that ‘Ali (peace be upon him) had passed away; so he said to Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), “Al-Hakam related to us from ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn (peace be upon them) that he said, ‘Indeed, all of ‘Ali’s knowledge is in one verse’?” Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said, “And do you know which it is?” I said, “No.” He said, “It is His saying, Most High: And We did not send before you any messenger, nor a prophet, nor a one spoken to (muhaddath).” Then he explained the rank of the messenger, the prophet, and the muhaddath (may Allah’s blessings be upon them all).

99-/7387 _5- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ،عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ الْعِجْلِيِّ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،عَنِ الرَّسُولِ،وَ النَّبِيِّ،وَ الْمُحَدَّثِ.

فَقَالَ:«الرَّسُولُ:اَلَّذِي تَأْتِيهِ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ،وَ يُعَايِنُهُمْ،وَ تُبْلِغُهُ الرِّسَالَةَ مِنَ اللَّهِ.وَ النَّبِيُّ:اَلَّذِي يَرَى فِي الْمَنَامِ،فَمَا رَأَى فَهُوَ كَمَا رَأَى،وَ الْمُحَدَّثُ:اَلَّذِي يَسْمَعُ صَوْتَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ وَ حَدِيثَهُمْ،وَ لاَ يَرَى شَيْئاً،بَلْ يُنْقَرُ فِي أُذُنَيْهِ،وَ يُنْكَتُ فِي قَلْبِهِ».

99-/7387 - And from him, he said: al-Husayn ibn Ahmad, from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa, from al-Qasim ibn ‘Urwah, from Burayd al-‘Ijli, said: I asked Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) about the messenger, the prophet, and the one spoken to (muhaddath). He said: “The messenger is the one to whom the angels come, whom he beholds, and they convey to him the message from Allah. The prophet is the one who sees in sleep; what he sees is as he saw. And the muhaddath is the one who hears the voice of the angels and their speech but sees nothing; rather, it is tapped into his ears and inscribed in his heart.”

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:85.

_1) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:85.

_2) -تأويل الآيات 1:33/347.

_2) -Ta’wīl al-Āyāt 1:33/347.

[1] الآية:19 و 20.

[1] al-āyah: 19 wa 20.

[2] العناق:بالفتح،الأنثى من ولد المعز قبل استكمالها الحول.«مجمع البحرين-عنق-5:219».

[2] al-‘anāq: bil-fath, al-unthā min walad al-ma‘z qabl istikmālihā al-hawl. “Majma‘ al-Bahrayn - ‘unuq - 5:219”.

99-/7388 _6- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي عُبَيْسُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا كَرَّامُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْخَثْعَمِيُّ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي يَعْفُورٍ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):أَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يُنْكَتُ فِي قَلْبِهِ،أَوْ يُوقَرُ فِي صَدْرِهِ وَ أُذُنِهِ؟قَالَ:«إِنَّ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)كَانَ مُحَدَّثاً».

قَالَ:فَلَمَّا أَكْثَرْتُ عَلَيْهِ،قَالَ:«إِنَّ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَوْمَ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ وَ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ كَانَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ،وَ مِيكَائِيلُ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ،يُحَدِّثَانِهِ».

99-/7388 - Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffar, from al-Hasan ibn ‘Ali, said: ‘Ubayys ibn Hisham narrated to me, he said: Karram ibn ‘Amr al-Khath‘ami narrated to us, from ‘Abdullah ibn Abi Ya‘fur, who said: I said to Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), “Was ‘Ali (peace be upon him) one into whose heart it was inscribed, or upon whose chest and ears it was made to rest?” He said, “‘Ali (peace be upon him) was a muhaddath.” He said: When I pressed him much, he said: “‘Ali (peace be upon him) on the day of Banu Qurayzah and Banu al-Nadir—Gabriel was on his right and Michael on his left, both speaking to him.”

99-/7389 _7- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ،عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ،عَنْ حُمْرَانَ،قَالَ:

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَكَمُ بْنُ عُتَيْبَةَ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «إِنَّ عِلْمَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي آيَةٍ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ»قَالَ:

وَ كَتَمْنَا الْآيَةَ.

قَالَ:فَكُنَّا نَجْتَمِعُ فَنَتَدَارَسُ الْقُرْآنَ فَلاَ نَعْرِفُ الْآيَةَ-قَالَ-فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقُلْتُ لَهُ:إِنَّ الْحَكَمَ بْنَ عُتَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«أَنَّ عِلْمَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي آيَةٍ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ»وَ كَتَمْنَا الْآيَةَ.

قَالَ:«اقْرَأْ يَا حُمْرَانُ»فَقَرَأْتُ: وَ مٰا أَرْسَلْنٰا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ وَ لاٰ نَبِيٍّ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«وَ مَا أَرْسَلْنَا مِنْ رَسُولٍ وَ لاَ نَبِيٍّ وَ لاَ مُحَدَّثٍ»قُلْتُ:وَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مُحَدَّثاً؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ».

فَجِئْتُ إِلَى أَصْحَابِنَا،فَقُلْتُ:قَدْ أَصَبْتُ الَّذِي كَانَ الْحَكَمُ يَكْتُمُنَا.قَالَ:قُلْتُ:قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«كَانَ يَقُولُ:عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مُحَدَّثٌ».فَقَالُوا لِي:مَا صَنَعْتَ شَيْئاً،أَلاَّ كُنْتَ تَسْأَلُهُ مَنْ يُحَدِّثُهُ؟ [قَالَ:فَبَعْدَ ذَلِكَ إِنِّي أَتَيْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَقُلْتُ:أَ لَيْسَ حَدَّثْتَنِي أَنَّ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)كَانَ مُحَدَّثاً؟قَالَ:

«بَلَى»]قُلْتُ:مَنْ يُحَدِّثُهُ؟قَالَ:«مَلَكٌ يُحَدِّثُهُ».

قَالَ:قُلْتُ:أَقُولُ إِنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ،أَوْ رَسُولٌ؟قَالَ:«لاَ،وَ لَكِنْ قُلْ:مَثَلُهُ مَثَلُ صَاحِبِ سُلَيْمَانَ،وَ صَاحِبِ مُوسَى،وَ مَثَلُهُ مَثَلُ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ».

99-/7389 - And from him: from ‘Ali ibn Isma‘il, from Safwan ibn Yahya, from al-Harith ibn al-Mughira, from Humran, who said: Al-Hakam ibn ‘Utaybah related to us from ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn (peace be upon him) that he said: “Indeed, ‘Ali’s knowledge (peace be upon him) is in a verse from the Qur’an.” He said: and we concealed the verse. He said: We would gather and review the Qur’an, but we would not know the verse. He said: I entered upon Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) and said to him: Al-Hakam ibn ‘Utaybah related to us from ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn (peace be upon him): “Indeed, ‘Ali’s knowledge is in a verse from the Qur’an,” and we concealed the verse. He said: “Recite, O Humran.” So I recited: And We did not send before you any messenger nor a prophet. Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: “And We did not send a messenger, nor a prophet, nor a one spoken to (muhaddath).” I said: “And was ‘Ali (peace be upon him) a muhaddath?” He said: “Yes.” I went to our companions and said: “I have obtained what al-Hakam used to conceal from us.” I said: “Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: ‘He used to say: ‘Ali (peace be upon him) is a muhaddath.’” They said to me: “You have done nothing; why did you not ask him, who speaks to him?” [He said: After that I came to Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) and said: “Did you not narrate to me that ‘Ali (peace be upon him) was a muhaddath?” He said, “Yes.”] I said: “Who speaks to him?” He said: “An angel speaks to him.” I said: “Shall I say that he is a prophet or a messenger?” He said: “No; rather say: His likeness is the likeness of the companion of Sulayman, and the companion of Musa, and his likeness is the likeness of Dhu’l-Qarnayn.”

99-/7390 _8- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) يَقُولُ: الْأَئِمَّةُ عُلَمَاءُ صَادِقُونَ،مُفَهَّمُونَ،مُحَدَّثُونَ».

99-/7390 - And from him: from Ya‘qub ibn Yazid, from Muhammad ibn Isma‘il ibn Bazi‘, who said: I heard Abu’l-Hasan (peace be upon him) say: “The Imams are scholars, truthful, given understanding, ones spoken to (muhaddathun).”

99-/7391 _9- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ أَبِي طَالِبٍ،عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ،قَالَ: كُنْتُ أَنَا،وَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ،وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِمْرَانَ نَنْزِلُ بِمَكَّةَ،فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِمْرَانَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ«نَحْنُ اثْنَا عَشَرَ مُحَدَّثاً»فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ:وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ سَمِعْتَ مِنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)؟قَالَ:فَحَلَّفَهُ مَرَّةً أَوْ مَرَّتَيْنِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَهُ.فَقَالَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ:كَذَا سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ.

99-/7391 - And from him: from Abu Talib, from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa, from Sama‘ah, who said: I, and Abu Basir, and Muhammad ibn ‘Imran were staying in Mecca. Muhammad ibn ‘Imran said: I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) say, “We are twelve muhaddathun.” Abu Basir said to him, “By Allah, did you indeed hear that from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him)?” He made him swear once or twice that he had heard it. Abu Basir said: “Thus I heard Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) say.”

_6) -بصائر الدرجات:2/341.

_6) -Baṣā’ir al-Darajāt 2:341.

_7) -بصائر الدرجات:10/343 و 11.

_7) -Baṣā’ir al-Darajāt 10/343 wa 11.

_8) -بصائر الدرجات:1/339.

_8) -Baṣā’ir al-Darajāt 1:339.

_9) -بصائر الدرجات:2/339.

_9) -Baṣā’ir al-Darajāt 2:339.

[1] وقر في قلبي كذا:وقع و بقي أثره.«أقرب الموارد-وقر-2:1474».و في المصدر:ينقر.

[1] waqara fī qalbī kadhā: waqa‘a wa baqiya atharuhu. “Aqrab al-Mawārid - waqara - 2:1474.” Wa fī al-maṣdar: yunqar.

99-/7392 _10-و عنه:عن عبد اللّه بن محمّد،عن إبراهيم بن محمّد الثقفي،عن أحمد بن محمّد الثقفي،عن أحمد بن يونس الحجال،عن أيوب بن حسن،عن قتادة،أنه كان يقرأ:«و ما أرسلنا من قبلك من رسول و لا نبي و لا محدث» [1].

99-/7392 - And from him: from ‘Abdullah ibn Muhammad, from Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Thaqafi, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Thaqafi, from Ahmad ibn Yunus al-Hijjal, from Ayyub ibn Hasan, from Qatadah, that he used to recite: “And We did not send before you any messenger, nor prophet, nor one spoken to (muhaddath).”

99-/7393 _11- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ،عَنْ صَفْوَانَ،عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ،عَنْ حُمْرَانَ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):أَ لَسْتَ أَخْبَرْتَنِي أَنَّ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)كَانَ مُحَدَّثاً؟قَالَ:«بَلَى»قُلْتُ:مَنْ يُحَدِّثُهُ؟قَالَ:«مَلَكٌ يُحَدِّثُهُ».

قُلْتُ:فَأَقُولُ إِنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ،أَوْ رَسُولٌ؟قَالَ:«لاَ،بَلْ مَثَلُهُ مَثَلُ صَاحِبِ سُلَيْمَانَ،وَ مَثَلُ صَاحِبِ مُوسَى،وَ مَثَلُ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ،أَمَا بَلَغَكَ أَنَّ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)سُئِلَ عَنْ ذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ،فَقِيلَ:كَانَ نَبِيّاً؟فَقَالَ:لاَ،بَلْ كَانَ عَبْداً أَحَبَّ اللَّهَ فَأَحَبَّهُ، وَ نَصَحَ لِلَّهِ فَنَصَحَهُ.فَهَذَا مَثَلُهُ».

99-/7393 - And from him: from ‘Ali ibn Isma‘il, from Safwan, from al-Harith ibn al-Mughira, from Humran, who said: I said to Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), “Did you not inform me that ‘Ali (peace be upon him) was a muhaddath?” He said, “Yes.” I said, “Who speaks to him?” He said, “An angel speaks to him.” I said, “Shall I say that he is a prophet or a messenger?” He said, “No; rather, his likeness is the likeness of the companion of Sulayman, and the companion of Musa, and the likeness of Dhu’l-Qarnayn. Has it not reached you that ‘Ali (peace be upon him) was asked about Dhu’l-Qarnayn and it was said: Was he a prophet? He said: No; he was a servant who loved Allah, so Allah loved him; and he was sincere to Allah, so Allah was sincere to him. That is his likeness.”

99-/7394 _12- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ،عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ،عَنْ حُمْرَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «إِنَّ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)كَانَ مُحَدَّثاً».

قُلْتُ:فَيَكُونُ نَبِيّاً؟قَالَ:فَحَرَّكَ يَدَهُ هَكَذَا،ثُمَّ قَالَ:«أَوْ كَصَاحِبِ سُلَيْمَانَ،أَوْ كَصَاحِبِ مُوسَى،أَوْ كَذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ، أَ وَ مَا بَلَغَكُمْ أَنَّهُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ:وَ فِيكُمْ مِثْلُهُ؟».

99-/7394 - And from him: from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id, from Hammad ibn ‘Isa, from al-Husayn ibn al-Mukhtar, from al-Harith ibn al-Mughira, from Humran, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “‘Ali (peace be upon him) was a muhaddath.” I said: “Then is he a prophet?” He waved his hand thus, then said: “Or like the companion of Sulayman, or like the companion of Musa, or like Dhu’l-Qarnayn. Has it not reached you that he (peace be upon him) said: ‘And among you is one like him?’”

99-/7395 _13- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ،عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ،عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ كٰانَ رَسُولاً نَبِيًّا [2]مَا الرَّسُولُ،وَ مَا النَّبِيُّ؟قَالَ:«النَّبِيُّ:اَلَّذِي يَرَى فِي مَنَامِهِ،وَ يَسْمَعُ الصَّوْتَ،وَ لاَ يُعَايِنُ الْمَلَكَ،وَ الرَّسُولُ:اَلَّذِي يَسْمَعُ الصَّوْتَ،وَ يَرَى فِي الْمَنَامِ،وَ يُعَايِنُ الْمَلَكَ».

قُلْتُ:اَلْإِمَامُ،مَا مَنْزِلَتُهُ؟قَالَ:«يَسْمَعُ الصَّوْتَ،وَ لاَ يَرَى،وَ لاَ يُعَايِنُ الْمَلَكَ»ثُمَّ تَلاَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ:«وَ مَا أَرْسَلْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ وَ لاَ نَبِيٍّ وَ لاَ مُحَدَّثٍ».

99-/7395 - Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub: from a number of our companions, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr, from Tha‘labah ibn Maymun, from Zurara, who said: I asked Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: And he was an apostle, a prophet [Maryam 19:51, 54]; what is the messenger and what is the prophet? He said: “The prophet is the one who sees in his sleep and hears the voice, but does not behold the angel; and the messenger is the one who hears the voice, and sees in his sleep, and beholds the angel.” I said: “The Imam—what is his station?” He said: “He hears the voice, but does not see, nor behold the angel.” Then he recited this verse: “And We did not send before you any messenger nor prophet nor one spoken to (muhaddath).”

وَ كٰانَ رَسُولاً نَبِيًّا [Maryam 19:51, 54]

Translation (M. H. Shakir): And he was one held in honor, an apostle, a prophet. [19:51 about Musa; similarly 19:54 about Isma‘il]

99-/7396 _14- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ،قَالَ: كَتَبَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ الْمَعْرُوفِيُّ إِلَى الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،أَخْبِرْنِي:مَا الْفَرْقُ بَيْنَ الرَّسُولِ،وَ النَّبِيِّ،وَ الْإِمَامِ؟ فَكَتَبَ-أَوْ قَالَ-:«الْفَرْقُ بَيْنَ الرَّسُولِ وَ النَّبِيِّ وَ الْإِمَامِ،أَنَّ الرَّسُولَ:اَلَّذِي يَنْزِلُ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ فَيَرَاهُ،وَ يَسْمَعُ

كَلاَمَهُ،وَ يَنْزِلُ عَلَيْهِ الْوَحْيُ،وَ رُبَّمَا رَأَى فِي مَنَامِهِ نَحْوَ رُؤْيَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ النَّبِيُّ:رُبَّمَا سَمِعَ الْكَلاَمَ،وَ رُبَّمَا رَأَى الشَّخْصَ وَ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ.وَ الْإِمَامُ:هُوَ الَّذِي يَسْمَعُ الْكَلاَمَ،وَ لاَ يَرَى الشَّخْصَ».

99-/7396 - And from him: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Isma‘il ibn Marrar, who said: Al-Hasan ibn al-‘Abbas al-Ma‘rufi wrote to al-Rida (peace be upon him): “May I be your ransom, inform me: what is the difference between the messenger, the prophet, and the Imam?” So he wrote—or said: “The difference between the messenger, the prophet, and the Imam is that the messenger is the one to whom Gabriel descends, so he sees him and hears his speech, and revelation descends upon him; and he may also see in his sleep, like the vision of Ibrahim (peace be upon him). The prophet may hear the speech, and may see the person but not hear. And the Imam is the one who hears the speech but does not see the person.”

99-/7397 _15- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنِ الْأَحْوَلِ،قَالَ:

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنِ الرَّسُولِ،وَ النَّبِيِّ،وَ الْمُحَدَّثِ؟ فَقَالَ:«الرَّسُولُ:اَلَّذِي يَأْتِيهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ قُبُلاً فَيَرَاهُ،وَ يُكَلِّمُهُ،فَهَذَا الرَّسُولُ،وَ أَمَّا النَّبِيُّ:فَهُوَ الَّذِي يَرَى فِي مَنَامِهِ، نَحْوَ رُؤْيَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ نَحْوَ مَا كَانَ رَأَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مِنْ أَسْبَابِ النُّبُوَّةِ قَبْلَ الْوَحْيِ،حَتَّى أَتَاهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ بِالرِّسَالَةِ،وَ كَانَ مُحَمَّدٌ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)حِينَ جُمِعَ لَهُ النُّبُوَّةُ،وَ يَرَى فِي مَنَامِهِ،وَ يَأْتِيهِ الرُّوحُ، وَ يُكَلِّمُهُ،وَ يُحَدِّثُهُ،مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَكُونَ يَرَاهُ فِي الْيَقَظَةِ.وَ أَمَّا الْمُحَدَّثُ:فَهُوَ الَّذِي يُحَدَّثُ،فَيَسْمَعُ،وَ لاَ يُعَايِنُ،وَ لاَ يَرَى فِي مَنَامِهِ».

99-/7397 - And from him: from Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from al-Ahwal, who said: I asked Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) about the messenger, the prophet, and the muhaddath. He said: “The messenger is the one to whom Gabriel comes openly, so he sees him and speaks to him—this is the messenger. As for the prophet: he is the one who sees in his sleep, like the vision of Ibrahim (peace be upon him), and like what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) saw of the causes of prophethood before revelation—until Gabriel (peace be upon him) came to him from Allah with the message. And Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) when prophethood was combined for him, he would see in his sleep, and the Spirit would come to him, speak to him, and converse with him, without him seeing it in wakefulness. As for the muhaddath: he is the one to whom it is spoken, and he hears, but he does not behold, and he does not see in his sleep.”

99-/7398 _16- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ،عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ،قَالَ: أَرْسَلَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)إِلَى زُرَارَةَ أَنْ يُعْلِمَ الْحَكَمَ بْنَ عُتَيْبَةَ،أَنَّ أَوْصِيَاءَ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِ وَ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ) مُحَدَّثُونَ.

99-/7398 - And from him: from Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from al-Hajjal, from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad, from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurara, who said: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) sent to Zurara that he inform al-Hakam ibn ‘Utaybah that the trustees (awsiya’) of Muhammad (peace be upon him and upon them) are muhaddathun.

99-/7399 _17- وَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ،عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ سُوقَةَ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ عُتَيْبَةَ،قَالَ:دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)يَوْماً،فَقَالَ: «يَا حَكَمُ،هَلْ تَدْرِي الْآيَةَ الَّتِي كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَعْرِفُ قَاتِلَهُ بِهَا،وَ يَعْلَمُ بِهَا الْأُمُورَ الْعِظَامَ الَّتِي كَانَ يُحَدِّثُ بِهَا النَّاسَ؟».

قَالَ الْحَكَمُ:فَقُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي:قَدْ وَقَعْتُ عَلَى عِلْمٍ مِنْ عِلْمِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،أَعْلَمُ بِذَلِكَ تِلْكَ الْأُمُورَ الْعِظَامَ.قَالَ:فَقُلْتُ:لاَ وَ اللَّهِ،لاَ أَعْلَمُ.قَالَ:ثُمَّ قُلْتُ:اَلْآيَةُ،تُخْبِرُنِي بِهَا،يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ؟قَالَ:«هُوَ-وَ اللَّهِ-قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ: وَ مٰا أَرْسَلْنٰا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ وَ لاٰ نَبِيٍّ وَ لاَ مُحَدَّثٍ،وَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مُحَدَّثاً».

فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ:عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ زَيْدٍ،كَانَ أَخَا عَلِيٍّ لِأُمِّهِ:سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ،مُحَدَّثاً؟!كَأَنَّهُ يُنْكِرُ ذَلِكَ.فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ:«أَمَا وَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ ابْنَ أُمِّكَ بَعْدُ قَدْ كَانَ يَعْرِفُ ذَلِكَ».قَالَ:فَلَمَّا قَالَ ذَلِكَ سَكَتَ الرَّجُلُ،فَقَالَ:

«هِيَ الَّتِي هَلَكَ فِيهَا أَبُو الْخَطَّابِ،فَلَمْ يَدْرِ مَا تَأْوِيلُ الْمُحَدَّثِ وَ النَّبِيِّ».

99-/7399 - And from Muhammad: from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Ibn Mahbub, from Jamil ibn Salih, from Ziyad ibn Suqah, from al-Hakam ibn ‘Utaybah, who said: I entered one day upon ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn (peace be upon them), and he said: “O Hakam, do you know the verse by which ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) used to recognize his killer, and by which he knew the great matters of which he would speak to the people?” Al-Hakam said: I said in myself, I have come upon knowledge from the knowledge of ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn (peace be upon them); by that I will know those great matters. He said: I said, “No, by Allah, I do not know.” Then I said, “The verse—will you inform me of it, O son of the Messenger of Allah?” He said: “By Allah, it is the saying of Allah, Mighty is His remembrance: And We did not send before you any messenger, nor a prophet, nor a one spoken to (muhaddath); and ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) was a muhaddath.” A man called ‘Abdullah ibn Zayd—he was ‘Ali’s brother by his mother—said to him: “Glory be to Allah, a muhaddath?!” as if rejecting that. Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) turned to him and said: “Surely, by Allah, your mother’s son indeed used to know that.” When he said that, the man fell silent. Then he said: “It is concerning this that Abu’l-Khattab perished—he did not understand the interpretation of the muhaddath and the prophet.”

99-/7400 _18- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ،عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: «الْأَئِمَّةُ عُلَمَاءُ،صَادِقُونَ،مُفَهَّمُونَ،مُحَدَّثُونَ».

99-/7400 - And from him: from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, and Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Muhammad ibn al-Hasan, from Ya‘qub ibn Yazid, from Muhammad ibn Isma‘il, who said: I heard Abu’l-Hasan (peace be upon him) say: “The Imams are scholars, truthful, given understanding, ones spoken to (muhaddathun).”

_10) -بصائر الدرجات:8/341.

_10) -Baṣā’ir al-Darajāt 8:341.

_11) -بصائر الدرجات:6/386.

_11) -Baṣā’ir al-Darajāt 6:386.

_12) -بصائر الدرجات:2/386.

_12) -Baṣā’ir al-Darajāt 2:386.

_13) -الكافي 1:1/134.

_13) -al-Kāfī 1:1/134.

_14) -الكافي 1:2/134.

_14) -al-Kāfī 1:2/134.

[1] و رويت هذه القراءة عن عبد اللّه بن عبّاس و سعد بن إبراهيم بن عبد الرحمن بن عوف،كما في الدّر المنثور 6:65.

[1] wa ruwayat hādhihi al-qirā’ah ‘an ‘Abdillāh ibn ‘Abbās wa Sa‘d ibn Ibrāhīm ibn ‘Abd al-Raḥmān ibn ‘Awf, kamā fī al-Durr al-Manthūr 6:65.

[2] مريم 19:51 و 54.

[2] Maryam 19:51 wa 54.

99-/7401 _19- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ يُونُسَ،عَنْ رَجُلٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ:ذُكِرَ الْمُحَدَّثُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ: «إِنَّهُ يَسْمَعُ الصَّوْتَ وَ لاَ يَرَى الشَّخْصَ».

فَقُلْتُ لَهُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،كَيْفَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ كَلاَمُ الْمَلَكِ؟قَالَ:«إِنَّهُ يُعْطَى السَّكِينَةَ وَ الْوَقَارَ حَتَّى يَعْلَمَ أَنَّهُ كَلاَمُ الْمَلَكِ».

99-/7401 - And from him: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa, from Yunus, from a man, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, who said: The muhaddath was mentioned in the presence of Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), and he said: “He hears the voice but does not see the person.” I said to him: “May I be your ransom, how does he know that it is the speech of the angel?” He said: “He is given tranquility and dignity until he knows that it is the speech of the angel.”

99-/7402 _20- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ،عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ،عَنْ حُمْرَانَ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «إِنَّ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)كَانَ مُحَدَّثاً».

فَخَرَجْتُ إِلَى أَصْحَابِي،فَقُلْتُ:جِئْتُكُمْ بِعَجِيبَةٍ.فَقَالُوا:وَ مَا هِيَ؟قُلْتُ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ:

«كَانَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مُحَدَّثاً»فَقَالُوا:مَا صَنَعْتَ شَيْئاً،أَلاَّ سَأَلْتَهُ مَنْ كَانَ يُحَدِّثُهُ؟ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَيْهِ،فَقُلْتُ:إِنِّي حَدَّثْتُ أَصْحَابِي بِمَا حَدَّثْتَنِي،فَقَالُوا:مَا صَنَعْتَ شَيْئاً،أَلاَّ سَأَلْتَهُ مَنْ كَانَ يُحَدِّثُهُ؟ فَقَالَ لِي:«يُحَدِّثُهُ مَلَكٌ»قُلْتُ:تَقُولُ:«إِنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ؟»قَالَ:فَحَرَّكَ يَدَهُ هَكَذَا:«أَوْ كَصَاحِبِ سُلَيْمَانَ،أَوْ كَصَاحِبِ مُوسَى، أَوْ كَذِي الْقَرْنَيْنِ،أَ وَ مَا بَلَغَكُمْ أَنَّهُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ:وَ فِيكُمْ مِثْلُهُ؟».

99-/7402 - And from him: from Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id, from Hammad ibn ‘Isa, from al-Husayn ibn al-Mukhtar, from al-Harith ibn al-Mughira, from Humran ibn A‘yan, who said: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: “‘Ali (peace be upon him) was a muhaddath.” I went out to my companions and said: “I have brought you something amazing.” They said: “What is it?” I said: “I heard Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) say: ‘Ali (peace be upon him) was a muhaddath.’” They said: “You have done nothing; why did you not ask him who used to speak to him?” So I returned to him and said: “I related to my companions what you narrated to me, and they said: You have done nothing; why did you not ask him who used to speak to him?” He said to me: “An angel speaks to him.” I said: “Do you say that he is a prophet?” He waved his hand thus, [and said]: “Or like the companion of Sulayman, or like the companion of Musa, or like Dhu’l-Qarnayn. Has it not reached you that he (peace be upon him) said: ‘And among you is one like him?’”

99-/7403 _21- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ، عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ الْهَاشِمِيِّ،عَنْ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ،وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ:«وَ مَا أَرْسَلْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ وَ لاَ نَبِيٍّ وَ لاَ مُحَدَّثٍ».

قُلْتُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،لَيْسَ هَذِهِ قِرَاءَتَنَا،فَمَا الرَّسُولُ،وَ النَّبِيُّ،وَ الْمُحَدَّثُ؟قَالَ:«الرَّسُولُ:اَلَّذِي يَظْهَرُ لَهُ الْمَلَكُ،وَ يُكَلِّمُهُ.وَ النَّبِيُّ:هُوَ الَّذِي يَرَى فِي مَنَامِهِ،وَ رُبَّمَا اجْتَمَعَتِ النُّبُوَّةُ وَ الرِّسَالَةُ لِوَاحِدٍ.وَ الْمُحَدَّثُ:اَلَّذِي يَسْمَعُ الصَّوْتَ وَ لاَ يَرَى الصُّورَةَ».

قَالَ:قُلْتُ:أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ،كَيْفَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ الَّذِي رَأَى فِي النَّوْمِ حَقٌّ،وَ أَنَّهُ مِنَ الْمَلَكِ؟قَالَ:«يُوَفَّقُ لِذَلِكَ [1] حَتَّى يَعْرِفَهُ،وَ لَقَدْ خَتَمَ اللَّهُ بِكِتَابِكُمُ الْكُتُبَ،وَ خَتَمَ بِنَبِيِّكُمُ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ».

99-/7403 - And from him: from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, and Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn, from ‘Ali ibn Hassan, from ibn Faddal, from ‘Ali ibn Ya‘qub al-Hashimi, from Marwan ibn Muslim, from Burayd, from Abu Ja‘far and Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon them) regarding His saying, Mighty and Majestic: “And We did not send before you any messenger, nor prophet, nor one spoken to (muhaddath).” I said: “May Allah set you right, this is not our recitation; so what is the messenger, the prophet, and the muhaddath?” He said: “The messenger is the one to whom the angel appears and speaks to him. The prophet is the one who sees in his sleep; and prophethood and messengership may be combined in one person. And the muhaddath is the one who hears the voice but does not see the form.” He said: I said: “May Allah set you right, how does he know that what he saw in sleep is true and that it is from the angel?” He said: “He is granted success for that until he recognizes it. And indeed Allah has sealed with your Book the books, and sealed with your Prophet the prophets.”

أحاديث الشيخ المفيد في(الإختصاص)

The narrations of al-Shaykh al-Mufid in (al-Ikhtisas)

99-/7404 _22- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى:عَنْ أَبِيهِ،وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ،وَ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ،عَنِ

99-/7404 - Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa: from his father, and Muhammad ibn Khalid al-Barqi, and al-‘Abbas ibn Ma‘ruf, from …

_19) -الكافي 1:4/213.

_19) -al-Kāfī 1:4/213.

_20) -الكافي 1:5/213.

_20) -al-Kāfī 1:5/213.

_21) -الكافي 1:4/135.

_21) -al-Kāfī 1:4/135.

_22) -الاختصال:328.

_22) -al-Ikhtiṣāṣ: 328.