S 3 A 26

قَالَ:«رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ نَبِيّاً أَوْ رَجُلاً أَمَرَ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ نَهَى عَنْ مُنْكَرٍ» ثُمَّ قَرَأَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): وَ يَقْتُلُونَ النَّبِيِّينَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ وَ يَقْتُلُونَ الَّذِينَ يَأْمُرُونَ بِالْقِسْطِ مِنَ النّٰاسِ ثُمَّ قَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «يَا أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ، قَتَلَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ ثَلاَثَةً وَ أَرْبَعِينَ نَبِيّاً مِنْ أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ فِي سَاعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ، فَقَامَ مِائَةُ رَجُلٍ وَ اثْنَا عَشَرَ رَجُلاً مِنْ عُبَّادِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، فَأَمَرَوا مَنْ قَتَلَهُمْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ نَهَوْهُمْ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ، فَقُتِلُوا جَمِيعاً فِي آخِرِ النَّهَارِ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ، وَ هُوَ الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ اللَّهُ».

Translation: He said: “A man who killed a prophet or a man who enjoined what is right or forbade what is wrong.” Then he recited: And they kill the prophets wrongfully and they kill those among men who enjoin justice. Then he said: “O Abu ‘Ubaydah, the Children of Israel killed forty-three prophets at the start of the day within a single hour. Then one hundred and twelve men from among the devotees of the Children of Israel stood up and enjoined those who had killed them to do what is right and forbade them from what is wrong; so they were all killed at the end of that same day, and this is what Allah mentioned.” (Qur’an 3:21, Al ‘Imran; Shakir)

99-/1641 _3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ ظَبْيَانَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) يَقُولُ: «قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: وَيْلٌ لِلَّذِينَ يَخْتِلُونَ الدُّنْيَا بِالدِّينِ، وَ وَيْلٌ لِلَّذِينَ يَقْتُلُونَ الَّذِينَ يَأْمُرُونَ بِالْقِسْطِ مِنَ النَّاسِ، وَ وَيْلٌ لِلَّذِينَ يَسِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنُ فِيهِمْ بِالتَّقِيَّةِ، أَبِي يَغْتَرُّونَ [1]، أَمْ عَلَيَّ يَجْتَرِءُونَ [2]؟ فَبِي حَلَفْتُ لَأَمْتَحِنَنَّهُمْ بِفِتْنَةٍ [3] تَتْرُكُ الْحَكِيمَ مِنْهُمْ حَيْراناً».

99-/1641 Translation: Muhammad b. Ya‘qub, from Muhammad b. Yahya, from Ahmad b. Muhammad, from Muhammad b. Sinan, from Isma‘il b. Jabir, from Yunus b. Zabyan, said: I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) say: “The Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family) said: Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: Woe to those who deceive the world by means of religion; and woe to those who kill those among the people who enjoin justice; and woe to those among whom the believer walks with taqiyya; is it by Me that they are deluded [1], or against Me that they dare [2]? By Me, I swear, I shall test them with a trial [3] that will leave even the wise among them bewildered.”

قوله تعالى:

قُلِ اللّٰهُمَّ مٰالِكَ الْمُلْكِ تُؤْتِي الْمُلْكَ مَنْ تَشٰاءُ وَ تَنْزِعُ الْمُلْكَ مِمَّنْ تَشٰاءُ[26]

Qur’an 3:26 (Al ‘Imran) — Shakir: Say: O Allah, Master of the Kingdom! Thou givest the kingdom to whomsoever Thou pleasest and takest away the kingdom from whomsoever Thou pleasest, and Thou exaltest whom Thou pleasest and abasest whom Thou pleasest; in Thy hand is the good; surely, Thou hast power over all things.

99-/1642 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ أَبِي سَمَّالٍ [4]، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى مَوْلَى آلِ سَامٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: قُلِ اللّٰهُمَّ مٰالِكَ الْمُلْكِ تُؤْتِي الْمُلْكَ مَنْ تَشٰاءُ وَ تَنْزِعُ الْمُلْكَ مِمَّنْ تَشٰاءُ أَ لَيْسَ قَدْ آتَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ الْمُلْكَ؟ قَالَ: «لَيْسَ حَيْثُ تَذْهَبُ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ آتَانَا الْمُلْكَ وَ أَخَذَتْهُ بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ، بِمَنْزِلَةِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ الثَّوْبُ فَيَأْخُذُهُ الْآخَرُ، فَلَيْسَ هُوَ لِلَّذِي أَخَذَهُ».

99-/1642 Translation: Muhammad b. Ya‘qub, with his chain, from Ibrahim b. Abi Bakr b. Abi Sammal [4], from Dawud b. Farqad, from ‘Abd al-A‘la, the client of Al Sam, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), said: I said to him regarding: Say: O Allah, Master of the Kingdom! Thou givest the kingdom to whomsoever Thou pleasest and takest away the kingdom from whomsoever Thou pleasest: “Has not Allah, Mighty and Majestic, given the kingdom to Banu Umayya?” He said: “It is not as you think. Indeed Allah, Mighty and Majestic, gave the kingdom to us, and Banu Umayya seized it—like a man who owns a garment and another takes it; it does not belong to the one who took it.”

99-/1643 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): قَوْلُ اللَّهِ: قُلِ اللّٰهُمَّ مٰالِكَ الْمُلْكِ تُؤْتِي الْمُلْكَ مَنْ تَشٰاءُ وَ تَنْزِعُ الْمُلْكَ مِمَّنْ تَشٰاءُ فَقَدْ آتَى اللَّهُ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ الْمُلْكَ! فَقَالَ: «لَيْسَ حَيْثُ يَذْهَبُ النَّاسُ إِلَيْهِ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ آتَانَا الْمُلْكَ وَ أَخَذَهُ بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ، بِمَنْزِلَةِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ الثَّوْبُ وَ يَأْخُذُهُ الْآخَرُ، فَلَيْسَ هُوَ لِلَّذِي أَخَذَهُ».

99-/1643 Translation: Al-‘Ayyashi, from Dawud b. Farqad, said: I said to Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about Allah’s saying: Say: O Allah, Master of the Kingdom! Thou givest the kingdom to whomsoever Thou pleasest and takest away the kingdom from whomsoever Thou pleasest—“So Allah has given the kingdom to Banu Umayya!” He said: “It is not as people suppose. Indeed, Allah gave the kingdom to us, and Banu Umayya took it—like a man who has a garment and another takes it; it does not belong to the one who took it.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ تُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَ تُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنَ الْحَيِّ[27]

Qur’an 3:27 (Al ‘Imran) — Shakir: Thou makest the night to pass into the day and Thou makest the day to pass into the night, and Thou bringest forth the living from the dead and Thou bringest forth the dead from the living, and Thou givest sustenance to whom Thou pleasest without measure.

99-/1644 _1- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ، قَالَ: سُئِلَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ) عَنِ الْمَوْتِ، مَا هُوَ؟ قَالَ: «هُوَ التَّصْدِيقُ بِمَا لاَ يَكُونُ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ الصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) قَالَ: إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ إِذَا مَاتَ لَمْ يَكُنْ مَيِّتاً، وَ إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ هُوَ الْكَافِرُ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: تُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَ تُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنَ الْحَيِّ يَعْنِي الْمُؤْمِنَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِ، وَ الْكَافِرَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ».

99-/1644 Translation: Ibn Babawayh said: Al-Hasan b. ‘Ali b. Muhammad (peace be upon them) was asked about death—what is it? He said: “It is affirming what does not occur. My father narrated to me, from his father, from his grandfather al-Sadiq (peace be upon him), who said: When the believer dies, he is not dead; rather the dead one is the unbeliever. Indeed, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: You bring forth the living from the dead and You bring forth the dead from the living—meaning the believer from the unbeliever, and the unbeliever from the believer.”

99-/1645 _2- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ قِيلَ: مَعْنَاهُ يَخْرُجُ الْمُؤْمِنُ مِنَ الْكَافِرِ، وَ الْكَافِرُ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ. قَالَ: وَ رُوِيَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ).

99-/1645 Translation: Abu ‘Ali al-Tabrisi: It was said that its meaning is that the believer comes forth from the unbeliever and the unbeliever from the believer. He said: And this is narrated from Abu Ja‘far and Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon them both).

قوله تعالى:

لاٰ يَتَّخِذِ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الْكٰافِرِينَ أَوْلِيٰاءَ مِنْ دُونِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ مَنْ يَفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَ اللّٰهِ فِي شَيْءٍ إِلاّٰ أَنْ تَتَّقُوا مِنْهُمْ تُقٰاةً[28]

Qur’an 3:28 (Al ‘Imran) — Shakir: Let not the believers take the unbelievers for friends rather than believers; and whoever does this has no connection with Allah at all except for guarding yourselves against them in fear; and Allah cautions you of Himself; and to Allah is the eventual coming.

99-/1646 _3- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) قَالَ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) يَقُولُ: لاَ إِيمَانَ لِمَنْ لاَ تَقِيَّةَ لَهُ، وَ يَقُولُ: قَالَ اللَّهُ: إِلاّٰ أَنْ تَتَّقُوا مِنْهُمْ تُقٰاةً».

99-/1646 Translation: Al-‘Ayyashi, from al-Husayn b. Zayd b. ‘Ali, from Ja‘far b. Muhammad, from his father (peace be upon him), said: “The Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family) used to say: There is no faith for one who has no taqiyya. And he used to say: Allah said: except for guarding yourselves against them in fear.”

99-/1647 _4- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: إِنَّ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ رُخْصَةٌ، ظَاهِرُهَا خِلاَفُ بَاطِنِهَا، يُدَانُ بِظَاهِرِهَا وَ لاَ يُدَانُ بِبَاطِنِهَا إِلاَّ عِنْدَ التَّقِيَّةِ، لأَنَّ التَّقِيَّةَ رُخْصَةٌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ يَدِينُ بِدِينِ الْكَافِرِ، وَ يُصَلِّي [1] بِصَلاَتِهِ، وَ يَصُومُ بِصِيَامِهِ إِذَا اتَّقَاهُ فِي الظَّاهِرِ، وَ فِي الْبَاطِنِ يَدِينُ اللَّهَ بِخِلاَفِ ذَلِكَ.

99-/1647 Translation: ‘Ali b. Ibrahim: This verse is a dispensation; its outward sense is contrary to its inward. One is bound by its outward, and not by its inward except in the case of taqiyya, because taqiyya is a dispensation for the believer—he outwardly follows the religion of the unbeliever, and prays [1] with his prayer, and fasts with his fasting when he fears him outwardly; while inwardly he worships Allah contrary to that.

References:

_3) -الكافي 2:1/226.

Transliteration: al-Kafi 2:1/226.

_1) -الكافي 8:389/266.

Transliteration: al-Kafi 8:389/266.

_2) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:23/166.

Transliteration: Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:23/166.

[1] في «ط»: يفترون.

Transliteration: fi “T”: yaftarun.

[2] في «س»: تتجبّرون.

Transliteration: fi “S”: tatajabbarun.

[3] في المصدر: لأتيحن لهم فتنة.

Transliteration: fi al-masdar: la-utiḥanna lahum fitnah.

[4] في المصدر: سماك. أنظر رجال النجاشيّ:30/21.

Transliteration: fi al-masdar: Samak. Unẓur Rijal al-Najashi: 30/21.

_1) -معاني الأخبار:10/290.

Transliteration: Ma‘ani al-Akhbar: 10/290.

_2) -مجمع البيان 2:728.

Transliteration: Majma‘ al-Bayan 2:728.

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:24/166.

Transliteration: Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:24/166.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:100.

Transliteration: Tafsir al-Qummi 1:100.

[1] في المصدر: للمؤمن أن يراه الكافر، فيصلي.

Transliteration: fi al-masdar: lil-mu’min an yarahu al-kafir, fa-yusalli.