S 56 Ayat 30 to 33
قوله تعالى:
وَ ظِلٍّ مَمْدُودٍ -إلى قوله تعالى- لاٰ مَقْطُوعَةٍ وَ لاٰ مَمْنُوعَةٍ [30-33]
99-/10398 "And extended shade, And water flowing constantly, And abundant fruit, Neither intercepted nor forbidden," [Surah Al-Wāqi‘ah 56:30–33, M. H. Shakir]
99-/10398 _3- سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الزَّيَّاتِ،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ،عَنْ نَصْرِ بْنِ قَابُوسَ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ ظِلٍّ مَمْدُودٍ* وَ مٰاءٍ مَسْكُوبٍ* وَ فٰاكِهَةٍ كَثِيرَةٍ* لاٰ مَقْطُوعَةٍ وَ لاٰ مَمْنُوعَةٍ قَالَ:«يَا نَصْرُ،إِنَّهُ وَ اللَّهِ لَيْسَ حَيْثُ يَذْهَبُ النَّاسُ،إِنَّمَا هُوَ
الْعِلْمُ وَ مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ».
وَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ بِئْرٍ مُعَطَّلَةٍ وَ قَصْرٍ مَشِيدٍ [1]،قَالَ:«الْبِئْرُ الْمُعَطَّلَةُ:اَلْإِمَامُ الصَّامِتُ، وَ الْقَصْرُ الْمَشِيدُ:اَلْإِمَامُ النَّاطِقُ».
99-/10399 Saʿd ibn ʿAbdillāh: from ʿAlī ibn Ismāʿīl ibn ʿĪsā, from Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr ibn Saʿīd al-Zayyāt, from one of his companions, from Naṣr ibn Qābūs, who said:
I asked Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: "And extended shade, And water flowing constantly, And abundant fruit, Neither intercepted nor forbidden" [Surah Al-Wāqiʿah 56:30–33, M. H. Shakir].
He said: "O Naṣr, by Allah, it is not as the people imagine. Rather, it is knowledge and what springs forth from it."
And I asked him about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: "And a deserted well and a lofty palace" [Surah Al-Ḥajj 22:45, M. H. Shakir], He said: "The deserted well is the silent Imam, and the lofty palace is the speaking Imam."
_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:348.
_2) -مجمع البيان 9:330.
_3) -مختصر بصائر الدرجات:57.
[1] [2] [3] محمد(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)47:15.
[4] في المصدر:تسعبت،و تسعّب الشيء:تمطّط.«لسان العرب 1:468
Noted. The phrase in the source is "تسعبت", and according to Lisān al-ʿArab (1:468), "تسعّب الشيء" means: it stretched or extended.
[5] الرعد 13:23،24.
Page 260 in Arabic
/10399 _2-علي بن إبراهيم،قوله تعالى: وَ ظِلٍّ مَمْدُودٍ [قال:ظل ممدود]وسط الجنة في عرض الجنة،و عرض الجنة كعرض السماء و الأرض،يسير الراكب في ذلك الظل مائة عام فلا يقطعه
. 99-/10400 ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm, regarding the saying of Allah, the Exalted: "And extended shade" [Surah Al-Wāqiʿah 56:30, M. H. Shakir], said:
"It is an extended shade in the center of Paradise, spanning its width. And the width of Paradise is like the width of the heavens and the earth. A rider could travel in that shade for a hundred years and still not reach its end."
99-/10400 _3- الشَّيْخُ وَرَّامٌ:عَنِ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «فِي الْجَنَّةِ شَجَرَةٌ يَسِيرُ الرَّاكِبُ فِي ظِلِّهَا مِائَةَ سَنَةٍ لاَ يَقْطَعُهَا،اقْرَءُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: وَ ظِلٍّ مَمْدُودٍ ،وَ مَوْضِعُ سَوْطٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ خَيْرٌ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَ مَا فِيهَا»،وَ اقْرَءُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ فَمَنْ زُحْزِحَ عَنِ النّٰارِ وَ أُدْخِلَ الْجَنَّةَ فَقَدْ فٰازَ وَ مَا الْحَيٰاةُ الدُّنْيٰا إِلاّٰ مَتٰاعُ الْغُرُورِ [2]».
99-/10400 Al-Shaykh Warrām: from the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family), that he said:
"In Paradise, there is a tree in whose shade a rider can travel for a hundred years and not reach its end. Recite if you wish the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He: ‘And extended shade’ [Surah Al-Wāqiʿah 56:30, M. H. Shakir]. And the space of a whip in Paradise is better than the world and all that is in it.
And recite if you wish: ‘So whoever is removed from the Fire and admitted into Paradise, he indeed is successful; and the life of this world is nothing but a provision of vanities.’ [Surah Āl ʿImrān 3:185, M. H. Shakir].
99-/10401 _4- كِتَابِ(صِفَةَ الْجَنَّةِ وَ النَّارِ):عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ جَنَاحٍ،عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَزْدِيِّ [3]،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)-فِي حَدِيثٍ طَوِيلٍ-قَالَ: «فَإِذَا انْتَهَى-يَعْنِي الْمُؤْمِنَ-إِلَى بَابِ الْجَنَّةِ قِيلَ لَهُ:هَاتِ الْجَوَازَ،قَالَ:هَذَا جَوَازِي مَكْتُوبٌ فِيهِ:بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ،هَذَا جَوَازٌ جَائِزٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَكِيمِ لِفُلاَنِ بْنِ فُلاَنٍ مِنْ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ،
99-/10401 (continued) In Kitāb Ṣifat al-Jannah wa al-Nār: from Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿĪsā, who said: Saʿīd ibn Janāḥ narrated to me, from ʿAwf ibn ʿAbdillāh al-Azdī, from Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him)—in a long narration—he said:
"When the believer reaches the gate of Paradise, it will be said to him: 'Present your permit!' He will say: 'This is my permit, written on it: In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. This is a valid permit from Allah, the Mighty, the Wise, for [so-and-so] son of [so-and-so], from the Lord of the Worlds.'"
فَيُنَادِي مُنَادٍ يُسْمِعُ أَهْلَ الْجَمْعِ كُلَّهُمْ:أَلاَ إِنَّ فُلاَنَ بْنَ فُلاَنٍ،قَدْ سَعِدَ سَعَادَةً لاَ يَشْقَى بَعْدَهَا أَبَداً؛قَالَ:فَيَدْخُلُ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِشَجَرَةٍ ذَاتِ ظِلٍّ مَمْدُودٍ،وَ مَاءٍ مَسْكُوبٍ،وَ ثِمَارٍ مُهْدَلَةٍ تُسَمِّي رِضْوَانَ،يَخْرُجُ مِنْ سَاقِهَا عَيْنَانِ تَجْرِيَانِ،فَيَنْطَلِقُ إِلَى إِحْدَاهُمَا كَمَا أُمِرَ [4]بِذَلِكَ،فَيَغْتَسِلُ مِنْهَا، فَيَخْرُجُ وَ عَلَيْهِ نَضْرَةُ النَّعِيمِ،ثُمَّ يَشْرَبُ مِنَ الْأُخْرَى،فَلاَ يَكُونُ فِي بَطْنِهِ مَغْصٌ،وَ لاَ مَرَضٌ وَ لاَ دَاءٌ أَبَداً،وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَ سَقٰاهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ شَرٰاباً طَهُوراً [5].
99-/10401 (continued)
Then a caller will call out—heard by all those gathered: “Behold! So-and-so, son of so-and-so, has attained happiness—never to be wretched thereafter.”
He (the believer) will then enter, and behold: a tree with extended shade, and flowing water, and hanging fruits. It is called Riḍwān. From its trunk flow two springs. He proceeds to one of them, as he has been instructed, and he bathes in it. When he emerges, he is radiant with the freshness of bliss (naḍrat al-naʿīm). Then he drinks from the other, and thereafter he shall never experience stomach pain, illness, or any ailment—ever again.
And that is the saying of Allah, the Exalted: "And their Lord shall give them to drink a pure drink." [Surah Al-Insān 76:21, M. H. Shakir]
ثُمَّ تَسْتَقْبِلُهُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ وَ تَقُولُ:طِبْتَ فَادْخُلْهَا مَعَ الدَّاخِلِينَ؛فَيَدْخُلُ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِسِمَاطَيْنِ مِنْ شَجَرٍ،أَغْصَانُهَا اللُّؤْلُؤُ،وَ فُرُوعُهَا الْحُلِيُّ وَ الْحُلَلُ،ثِمَارُهَا مِثْلُ ثَدْيِ الْجَوَارِي الْأَبْكَارِ فَتَسْتَقْبِلُهُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ مَعَهُمْ النُّوقُ وَ الْبَرَاذِينُ وَ الْحُلِيُّ وَ الْحُلَلُ،فَيَقُولُونَ:يَا وَلِيَّ اللَّهِ،ارْكَبْ مَا شِئْتَ،[وَ الْبِسْ مَا شِئْتَ]وَ سَلْ مَا شِئْتَ،قَالَ:فَيَرْكَبُ مَا اشْتَهَى، وَ يَلْبَسُ مَا اشْتَهَى وَ هُوَ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ أَوْ بِرْذَوْنٍ مِنْ نُورٍ،وَ ثِيَابُهُ مِنْ نُورٍ وَ حِلْيَةٌ مِنْ نُورٍ،يَسِيرُ فِي دَارِ النُّورِ مَعَهُ مَلاَئِكَةٌ مِنْ نُورٍ،وَ غِلْمَانٌ مِنْ نُورٍ،وَ وَصَائِفُ مِنْ نُورٍ حَتَّى تَهَابَهُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ مِمَّا يَرَوْنَ مِنَ النُّورِ،فَيَقُولُ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ:تَنَحَّوْا فَقَدْ جَاءَ وَفْدُ الْحَلِيمِ الْغَفُورِ.
99-/10401 (continued)
Then the angels will receive him and say: “You are purified, so enter it with those who enter.”
So he enters, and there before him are two rows of trees—their branches are of pearls, and their limbs are adorned with ornaments and garments, and their fruits resemble the breasts of youthful maidens.
The angels will meet him, bringing with them camels, horses, ornaments, and garments, and they will say: “O friend of Allah, ride what you wish, wear what you wish, and ask for whatever you wish.”
So he rides whatever he desires and wears whatever he desires, while he is mounted upon a she-camel or a steed of light, wearing clothing of light, adorned with jewelry of light, traveling through a domain of light accompanied by angels of light, servant boys of light, and maidservants of light—until even the angels hold him in awe from the radiance they witness.
And some of them will say to others: “Make way, for the guest of the Forbearing, the All-Forgiving, has arrived.”
_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:348.
_3) -تنبيه الخواطر:7.
_4) -الإختصاص:350.
[1] الحجّ 22:45.
[2] آل عمران 3:185.
[3] في المصدر زيادة:عن بعض أصحابنا
Noted. The source contains the additional phrase: "عن بعض أصحابنا" — "from one of our companions."
.
[4] في المصدر:كلما مر.
[5] الإنسان 76:21.
Page 261 in Arabic
قَالَ:فَيَنْظُرُ إِلَى أَوَّلِ قَصْرٍ لَهُ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ،مُشْرِفاً بِالدُّرِّ وَ الْيَاقُوتِ،فَتُشْرِفُ عَلَيْهِ أَزْوَاجُهُ،فَيَقُلْنَ:مَرْحَباً مَرْحَباً، انْزِلْ بِنَا؛فَيَهُمُّ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ بِقَصْرِهِ،قَالَ:فَتَقُولُ لَهُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ:سِرْ-يَا وَلِيَّ اللَّهِ-فَإِنَّ هَذَا لَكَ وَ غَيْرَهُ؛حَتَّى يَنْتَهِيَ إِلَى قَصْرٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ،مُكَلَّلٍ بِالدُّرِّ وَ الْيَاقُوتِ،[فَتُشْرِفُ عَلَيْهِ أَزْوَاجُهُ،فَيَقُلْنَ:مَرْحَباً مَرْحَباً يَا وَلِيَّ اللَّهِ.اِنْزِلْ بِنَا،]فَيَهُمُّ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ بِقَصْرِهِ،فَتَقُولُ لَهُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ:سِرْ يَا وَلِيَّ اللَّهِ.
99-/10401 (continued)
He will then look upon his first palace, made of silver, glistening with pearls and rubies, and his wives will appear at its balconies, calling out: "Welcome, welcome! Come down to us!"
So he will be inclined to descend at that palace of his, but the angels will say to him: "Continue on, O friend of Allah—for this and more is yours."
He will then reach a palace of gold, adorned with pearls and rubies, and again his wives will appear at its balconies, calling: "Welcome, welcome, O friend of Allah! Come down to us!"
And as he again wishes to descend at that palace, the angels will say: "Continue on, O friend of Allah."
قَالَ:ثُمَّ يَأْتِي قَصْراً مِنْ يَاقُوتٍ أَحْمَرَ،مُكَلَّلاً بِالدُّرِّ وَ الْيَاقُوتِ،فِيهِمْ بِالنُّزُولِ بِقَصْرِهِ،فَتَقُولُ لَهُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ سِرْ- يَا وَلِيَّ اللَّهِ-فَإِنَّ هَذَا لَكَ وَ غَيْرَهُ،قَالَ:فَيَسِيرُ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ تَمَامَ أَلْفِ قَصْرٍ،كُلَّ ذَلِكَ يَنْفُذُ فِيهِ بَصَرُهُ،وَ يَسِيرُ فِي مُلْكِهِ أَسْرَعَ مِنْ طَرْفَةِ الْعَيْنِ،فَإِذَا انْتَهَى إِلَى أَقْصَاهَا قَصْراً نَكَسَ رَأْسَهُ،فَتَقُولُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ:مَا لَكَ يَا وَلِيَّ اللَّهِ؟قَالَ:فَيَقُولُ:وَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ كَادَ بَصَرِي أَنْ يُخْتَطَفَ[فَيَقُولُونَ:يَا وَلِيَّ اللَّهِ،أَبْشِرْ فَإِنَّ الْجَنَّةَ]لَيْسَ فِيهَا عَمًى وَ لاَ صَمَمٌ.
99-/10401 (continued)
Then he will come to a palace made of red ruby, adorned with pearls and rubies, and he will think to descend there at his palace. But the angels will say to him: "Continue on, O friend of Allah—for this and more belongs to you."
He will continue traveling until he reaches the end of a thousand palaces, all of which his sight can perceive in full, and he moves through his dominion faster than the blink of an eye.
When he reaches the farthest of them, he will lower his head, and the angels will say: "What is the matter, O friend of Allah?"
He will say: "By Allah, my sight was nearly overwhelmed."
And they will say: "Rejoice, O friend of Allah! For in Paradise, there is no blindness and no deafness."
فَيَأْتِي قَصْراً يُرَى ظَاهِرُهُ مِنْ بَاطِنِهِ،وَ بَاطِنُهُ مِنْ ظَاهِرِهِ لَبِنَةٌ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ،وَ لَبِنَةٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ وَ لَبِنَةٌ مِنْ يَاقُوتٍ وَ لَبِنَةٌ مِنْ دُرٍّ،مِلاَطُهُ الْمِسْكُ،قَدْ شُرِّفَ بِشُرَفٍ مِنْ نُورٍ يَتَلَأْلَأُ وَ يَرَى الرَّجُلُ وَجْهَهُ فِي الْحَائِطِ،وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: خِتٰامُهُ مِسْكٌ [1]يَعْنِي خِتَامَ الشَّرَابِ.
ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)الْحُورَ الْعِينَ،فَقَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ:بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،أَ مَا لَنَا فَضْلٌ عَلَيْهِنَّ؟ قَالَ:بَلَى،بِصَلاَتِكُنَّ وَ صِيَامِكُنَّ وَ عِبَادَتِكُنَّ لِلَّهِ؛بِمَنْزِلَةِ الظَّاهِرَةِ عَلَى الْبَاطِنَةِ».
99-/10401 (continued)
Then he will come to a palace whose exterior is visible from its interior, and its interior from its exterior—one brick of silver, one brick of gold, one of ruby, and one of pearl. Its mortar is musk, and it is elevated with balconies of radiant light. One can see his own reflection in its walls.
And that is the saying of Allah, the Exalted: "Its sealing is (with) musk" [Surah Al-Mutaffifīn 83:26, M. H. Shakir]—meaning: the seal of their drink.
Then the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) mentioned the ḥūr al-ʿīn. So Umm Salamah said: “May my father and mother be sacrificed for you, O Messenger of Allah! Do we not have superiority over them?” He said: “Yes, by your prayers, your fasting, and your worship of Allah—you have the rank of the outer over the inner.”
وَ تَقَدَّمَ صِفَةُ«حُورِ الْعَيْنِ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: فِيهِنَّ خَيْرٰاتٌ حِسٰانٌ [2]،وَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: فَلاٰ تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ مٰا أُخْفِيَ لَهُمْ مِنْ قُرَّةِ أَعْيُنٍ جَزٰاءً بِمٰا كٰانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ [3]،فَلْيُؤْخَذْ مِنْ هُنَاكَ،وَ مَنْ أَرَادَ وَصْفَ الْحُورِ الْعِينِ وَ وَصْفَ الْآدَمِيَّاتِ فَعَلَيْهِ بِكِتَابِ(مَعَالِمِ الزُّلْفَى) [4].
99-/10401 (conclusion)
The description of the ḥūr al-ʿīn has already preceded in the saying of Allah, the Exalted: "In them shall be goodly beautiful ones" [Surah Al-Rahmān 55:70, M. H. Shakir], and in His saying, the Exalted: "So no soul knows what is hidden for them of that which will refresh the eyes; a reward for what they did." [Surah Al-Sajdah 32:17, M. H. Shakir].
Let the seeker refer to those passages.
And whoever desires a detailed description of the ḥūr al-ʿīn and the righteous human women, let him consult the book Maʿālim al-Zulfā.
/10402 _5-علي بن إبراهيم،قوله تعالى: وَ مٰاءٍ مَسْكُوبٍ أي مرشوش،قوله تعالى: لاٰ مَقْطُوعَةٍ وَ لاٰ مَمْنُوعَةٍ أي لا تقطع،و لا يمنع أحد من أخذها.
99-/10402 ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm, regarding the saying of Allah, the Exalted: "And water flowing constantly" [Surah Al-Wāqiʿah 56:31, M. H. Shakir], said: "It means: sprinkled or poured forth."
And regarding His saying: "Neither intercepted nor forbidden" [56:33], he said: "It means: it is neither cut off nor is anyone prevented from taking it."