S 2 A 269

قوله تعالى:

يُؤْتِي الْحِكْمَةَ مَنْ يَشٰاءُ وَ مَنْ يُؤْتَ الْحِكْمَةَ فَقَدْ أُوتِيَ خَيْراً كَثِيراً وَ مٰا يَذَّكَّرُ إِلاّٰ أُولُوا الْأَلْبٰابِ[269]

Quran 2:269 (M. H. Shakir): He grants wisdom to whom He pleases, and whoever is granted wisdom, he indeed is given a great good; and none but men of understanding mind.

99-/1489 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ يُونُسَ،عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ الْحُرِّ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ مَنْ يُؤْتَ الْحِكْمَةَ فَقَدْ أُوتِيَ خَيْراً كَثِيراً .

فَقَالَ:طَاعَةُ اللَّهِ،وَ مَعْرِفَةُ الْإِمَامِ».

99-/1489 - Muhammad b. Ya‘qub, from ‘Ali b. Ibrahim, from Muhammad b. ‘Isa, from Yunus, from Ayyub b. al-Hurr, from Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “And whoever is given wisdom has indeed been given much good.” He said: It is obedience to Allah and recognition of the Imam.

99-/1490 _2- عَنْهُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ،عَنْ يُونُسَ،عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: وَ مَنْ يُؤْتَ الْحِكْمَةَ فَقَدْ أُوتِيَ خَيْراً كَثِيراً .قَالَ:«مَعْرِفَةُ الْإِمَامِ،وَ اجْتِنَابُ الْكَبَائِرِ الَّتِي أَوْجَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا النَّارَ».

99-/1490 - From him, with his chain, from Yunus, from Ibn Miskān, from Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: I heard him say, “And whoever is given wisdom has indeed been given much good.” He said: It is the recognition of the Imam and the avoidance of the major sins for which Allah has made the Fire obligatory.

99-/1491 _3- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْبَرْقِيُّ:عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ،عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ:

سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ مَنْ يُؤْتَ الْحِكْمَةَ فَقَدْ أُوتِيَ خَيْراً كَثِيراً .قَالَ:«هِيَ طَاعَةُ اللَّهِ، وَ مَعْرِفَةُ الْإِمَامِ [1](عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».

99-/1491 - Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Khalid al-Barqi, from his father, from al-Nadr b. Suwayd, from al-Halabi, from Abu Basir, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “And whoever is given wisdom has indeed been given much good.” He said: It is obedience to Allah and recognition of the Imam (peace be upon him).

99-/1492 _4- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: وَ مَنْ يُؤْتَ الْحِكْمَةَ فَقَدْ أُوتِيَ خَيْراً كَثِيراً .قَالَ:«هِيَ طَاعَةُ اللَّهِ،وَ مَعْرِفَةُ الْإِمَامِ».

99-/1492 - Al-‘Ayyashi, from Abu Basir, who said: I asked him about the saying of Allah, Exalted is He: “And whoever is given wisdom has indeed been given much good.” He said: It is obedience to Allah and recognition of the Imam.

99-/1493 _5- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: وَ مَنْ يُؤْتَ الْحِكْمَةَ فَقَدْ أُوتِيَ خَيْراً كَثِيراً قَالَ:«الْمَعْرِفَةُ».

99-/1493 - From Abu Basir, who said: I heard Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) say, “And whoever is given wisdom has indeed been given much good.” He said: It is knowledge/recognition (al-ma‘rifah).

99-/1494 _6- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: وَ مَنْ يُؤْتَ الْحِكْمَةَ فَقَدْ أُوتِيَ خَيْراً كَثِيراً قَالَ:«مَعْرِفَةُ الْإِمَامِ وَ اجْتِنَابُ الْكَبَائِرِ الَّتِي أَوْجَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا النَّارَ».

99-/1494 - From Abu Basir, who said: I heard Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) say, “And whoever is given wisdom has indeed been given much good.” He said: It is the recognition of the Imam and the avoidance of the major sins for which Allah has made the Fire obligatory.

99-/1495 _7- عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَ مَنْ يُؤْتَ الْحِكْمَةَ فَقَدْ أُوتِيَ خَيْراً كَثِيراً .

فَقَالَ:«إِنَّ الْحِكْمَةَ:اَلْمَعْرِفَةُ وَ التَّفَقُّهُ فِي الدِّينِ،فَمَنْ فَقُهَ مِنْكُمْ فَهُوَ حَكِيمٌ،وَ مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَمُوتُ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَحَبَّ إِلَى إِبْلِيسَ مِنْ مَوْتِ فَقِيهٍ».

99-/1495 - From Sulayman b. Khalid, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah: “And whoever is given wisdom has indeed been given much good.” He said: Indeed, wisdom is knowledge and deep understanding in the religion. So whoever among you has deep understanding is wise. And there is nothing among the believers whose death is more beloved to Iblis than the death of a jurist (faqih).

/1496 _8-علي بن إبراهيم،قال:الخير الكثير:معرفة أمير المؤمنين(عليه السلام)،و الأئمة(عليهم السلام).

99-/1496 - ‘Ali b. Ibrahim said: “Much good” means the recognition of the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) and the Imams (peace be upon them).

99-/1497 _9- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ، رَفَعَهُ،قَالَ:«قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): مَا قَسَمَ اللَّهُ لِلْعِبَادِ شَيْئاً أَفْضَلَ مِنَ الْعَقْلِ،فَنَوْمُ الْعَاقِلِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ سَهَرِ الْجَاهِلِ،وَ إِقَامَةُ الْعَاقِلِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ شُخُوصِ الْجَاهِلِ،وَ لاَ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ نَبِيّاً وَ لاَ رَسُولاً حَتَّى يَسْتَكْمِلَ الْعَقْلَ،وَ يَكُونَ عَقْلُهُ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ عُقُولِ أُمَّتِهِ،وَ مَا يُضْمِرُ النَّبِيُّ فِي نَفْسِهِ أَفْضَلُ مِنِ اجْتِهَادِ الْمُجْتَهِدِينَ،وَ مَا أَدَّى الْعَبْدُ فَرَائِضَ اللَّهِ حَتَّى عَقَلَ عَنْهُ،وَ لاَ بَلَغَ جَمِيعُ الْعَابِدِينَ فِي فَضْلِ عِبَادَاتِهِمْ مَا بَلَغَ الْعَاقِلُ،وَ الْعُقَلاَءُ هُمْ أُولُوا الْأَلْبَابِ،قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: وَ مٰا يَذَّكَّرُ إِلاّٰ أُولُوا الْأَلْبٰابِ ».

99-/1497 - Muhammad b. Ya‘qub, from a number of our companions, from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Khalid, from some of his companions, raised (to the Prophet), who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said: Allah has not allotted to the servants anything better than intellect (‘aql). The sleep of the intelligent is better than the wakefulness of the ignorant; the staying put of the intelligent is better than the traveling of the ignorant. Allah did not send a prophet or a messenger until He had perfected his intellect, and his intellect would be superior to the intellects of all his community. What a prophet conceals within himself is better than the striving of those who strive. A servant does not fulfill Allah’s obligations until he understands them from Him, and all the worshipers do not attain in the merit of their worship what the intelligent one attains. And the intelligent are the possessors of understanding (ulu al-albab); Allah, Blessed and Exalted, said: “And none but men of understanding mind.”

99-/1498 _10- وَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «الْحِكْمَةُ ضِيَاءُ الْمَعْرِفَةِ،وَ مِيزَانُ [1] التَّقْوَى،وَ ثَمَرَةُ الصِّدْقِ،وَ مَا أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ بِنِعْمَةٍ أَعْظَمَ وَ أَنْعَمَ وَ أَرْفَعَ وَ أَجْزَلَ وَ أَبْهَى مِنَ الْحِكْمَةِ لِلْقَلْبِ؛قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: يُؤْتِي الْحِكْمَةَ مَنْ يَشٰاءُ وَ مَنْ يُؤْتَ الْحِكْمَةَ فَقَدْ أُوتِيَ خَيْراً كَثِيراً وَ مٰا يَذَّكَّرُ إِلاّٰ أُولُوا الْأَلْبٰابِ ».

99-/1498 - And from al-Sadiq (peace be upon him), he said: Wisdom is the light of knowledge, the measure of God-consciousness, and the fruit of truthfulness. Allah has not bestowed upon His servants a blessing greater, more delightful, higher, more abundant, and more splendid than wisdom for the heart. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: “He grants wisdom to whom He pleases, and whoever is granted wisdom, he indeed is given a great good; and none but men of understanding mind.”

قوله تعالى:

إِنْ تُبْدُوا الصَّدَقٰاتِ فَنِعِمّٰا هِيَ وَ إِنْ تُخْفُوهٰا وَ تُؤْتُوهَا الْفُقَرٰاءَ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ وَ يُكَفِّرُ عَنْكُمْ مِنْ سَيِّئَاتِكُمْ وَ اللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ[271]

Quran 2:271 (M. H. Shakir): If you manifest alms, how excellent it is! and if you conceal it and give it to the poor, it is better for you; and He will do away with some of your evil deeds; and Allah is aware of what you do.

99-/1499 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ،عَنْ رَجُلٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنْ تُبْدُوا الصَّدَقٰاتِ فَنِعِمّٰا هِيَ .قَالَ:«يَعْنِي الزَّكَاةَ الْمَفْرُوضَةَ».

قَالَ:قُلْتُ: وَ إِنْ تُخْفُوهٰا وَ تُؤْتُوهَا الْفُقَرٰاءَ .قَالَ:«يَعْنِي النَّافِلَةَ،إِنَّهُمْ يَسْتَحِبُّونَ إِظْهَارَ الْفَرَائِضِ،وَ كِتْمَانَ النَّوَافِلِ».

99-/1499 - Muhammad b. Ya‘qub, from ‘Ali b. Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Faddal, from Ibn Bukayr, from a man, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, Mighty and Majestic: “If you manifest alms, how excellent it is!” He said: It means the obligatory zakat. He said: I asked, “And if you conceal it and give it to the poor?” He said: It means the supererogatory (charity). They prefer manifesting the obligations and concealing the supererogatories.

99-/1500 _2- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ،عَنْ أَبِي الْمَغْرَا،

99-/1500 - And from him: from ‘Ali b. Ibrahim, from his father, from al-Husayn b. Sa‘id, from Fadalah b. Ayyub, from Abu al-Maghra, …

_1) -الكافي 1:11/142.

- al-Kafi 1:11/142.

_2) -الكافي 2:20/216.

- al-Kafi 2:20/216.

_3) -المحاسن:40/148.

- al-Mahasin 40/148.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 1:496/151.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:496/151.

_5) -هذا الحديث ساقط من تفسير العيّاشيّ المطبوع،و مثبت في نسخه المخطوطة.

- hadha al-hadith saaqit min Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi al-matbu‘, wa muthbat fi nusakhihi al-makhTutah.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 1:497/151.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:497/151.

_7) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 1:498/151.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 1:498/151.

[1] في«س»:و معرفة الإسلام.

- fi “S”: wa ma‘rifatu al-islam.

_8) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:92.

- Tafsir al-Qummi 1:92.

_9) -الكافي 1:11/10.

- al-Kafi 1:11/10.

_10) -مصباح الشريعة:198.

- Misbah al-Shari‘ah 198.

_1) -الكافي 4:1/60.

- al-Kafi 4:1/60.

_2) -الكافي 3:9/499.

- al-Kafi 3:9/499.

[1] في«ط»:و ميراث.

- fi “T”: wa mirath.