S 2 A 63-66

يَا مُعَاوِيَةُ،إِنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ زَكَرِيَّا قَدْ نُشِرَ بِالْمَنَاشِيرِ،وَ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا قَتَلَهُ قَوْمُهُ وَ هُوَ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ،إِنَّ أَوْلِيَاءَ الشَّيْطَانِ قَدْ حَارَبُوا أَوْلِيَاءَ الرَّحْمَنِ».

O Mu‘awiyah, surely the Prophet of Allah, Zakariyya, was sawn asunder with saws, and Yahya son of Zakariyya was killed by his people while he was calling them to Allah. Indeed, the friends of Satan have fought the friends of the All‑Merciful.

99-/496 _10- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الطَّالَقَانِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْكُوفِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):لِمَ سُمِّيَ النَّصَارَى نَصَارَى؟ قَالَ:«لِأَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ اسْمُهَا النَّاصِرَةُ مِنْ بِلاَدِ الشَّامِ،نَزَلَتْهَا مَرْيَمُ وَ عِيسَى(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)بَعْدَ رُجُوعِهِمَا مِنْ مِصْرَ».

99-/496 _10- Ibn Bābawayh said: Abu al-‘Abbās Muhammad b. Ibrāhīm b. Isḥāq al-Ṭālaqānī narrated to us, who said: Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Sa‘īd al-Kūfī narrated to us, who said: ‘Alī b. al-Ḥusayn b. ‘Alī b. Faḍḍāl narrated to us, from his father, who said: I said to al-Riḍā (peace be upon him): Why were the Christians called Naṣārā? He said: Because they were from a village called al-Nāṣirah in the land of al-Shām. Maryam and ‘Īsā (peace be upon them) resided there after their return from Egypt.

99-/497 _11- علي بن إبراهيم،قال:الصابئون:قوم لا مجوس و لا يهود و لا نصارى و لا مسلمون،و هم قوم يعبدون الكواكب و النجوم.

99-/497 _11- ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm said: The Ṣābi’ūn are a people who are neither Magians, nor Jews, nor Christians, nor Muslims. They are a people who worship the planets and the stars.

قوله تعالى:

وَ إِذْ أَخَذْنٰا مِيثٰاقَكُمْ وَ رَفَعْنٰا فَوْقَكُمُ الطُّورَ خُذُوا مٰا آتَيْنٰاكُمْ بِقُوَّةٍ وَ اذْكُرُوا مٰا فِيهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ[63] ثُمَّ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ ذٰلِكَ فَلَوْ لاٰ فَضْلُ اللّٰهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ رَحْمَتُهُ لَكُنْتُمْ مِنَ الْخٰاسِرِينَ[64] وَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمُ الَّذِينَ اعْتَدَوْا مِنْكُمْ فِي السَّبْتِ فَقُلْنٰا لَهُمْ كُونُوا قِرَدَةً خٰاسِئِينَ [65] فَجَعَلْنٰاهٰا نَكٰالاً لِمٰا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهٰا وَ مٰا خَلْفَهٰا وَ مَوْعِظَةً لِلْمُتَّقِينَ [66]

[Qur’an 2:63–66, M. H. Shakir]

And when We made a covenant with you and raised the mountain above you: Take hold of what We have given you with firmness and be mindful of what is in it, so that you may guard (against evil). Then you turned back after that; and had it not been for the grace of Allah and His mercy on you, you would certainly have been among the losers. And certainly you have known those among you who exceeded the limits of the Sabbath, so We said to them: Be (as) apes, despised and hated. So We made them an example to those who witnessed it and those who came after it, and an admonition to those who guard (against evil).

99-/498 _1- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْقَزْوِينِيُّ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْمُظَفَّرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ أَبُو الْفَرَجِ الْقَزْوِينِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْأَسَدِيُّ الْكُوفِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ النَّخَعِيُّ،عَنْ عَمِّهِ الْحُسَيْنِ ابْنِ يَزِيدَ النَّوْفَلِيُّ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَالِمٍ،عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ،قَالَ: إِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ الْجَبَلُ الَّذِي كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)طُورَ سَيْنَاءَ،لِأَنَّهُ جَبَلٌ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ شَجَرُ الزَّيْتُونِ،وَ كُلُّ جَبَلٍ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ مَا يُنْتَفَعُ بِهِ مِنَ النَّبَاتِ وَ الْأَشْجَارِ سُمِّيَ طُورَ سَيْنَاءَ وَ طُورَ سِينِينَ،وَ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ مَا يُنْتَفَعُ بِهِ مِنَ النَّبَاتِ أَوِ الْأَشْجَارِ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ سُمِّيَ طُورَ،وَ لاَ يُقَالُ لَهُ:طُورُ سَيْنَاءَ وَ طُورُ سِينِينَ.

99-/498 _1- Ibn Bābawayh said: Muhammad b. ‘Alī al-Qazwīnī (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us, who said: al-Muẓaffar b. Aḥmad Abū al-Faraj al-Qazwīnī narrated to us, who said: Muḥammad b. Ja‘far al-Asadī al-Kūfī narrated to us, who said: Mūsā b. ‘Imrān al-Nakha‘ī narrated to us, from his uncle al-Ḥusayn b. Yazīd al-Nawfalī, from ‘Alī b. Sālim, from Sa‘īd b. Jubayr, from ‘Abd Allāh b. ‘Abbās, who said: The mountain upon which Mūsā (peace be upon him) was [when revelation came] was named Ṭūr Sīnā’ because it was a mountain upon which grew olive trees; and every mountain upon which there is vegetation and trees of benefit is called Ṭūr Sīnā’ and Ṭūr Sīnīn, while any mountain upon which there is not beneficial vegetation or trees is called Ṭūr without being called Ṭūr Sīnā’ or Ṭūr Sīnīn.

99-/499 _2- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْبَرْقِيُّ:[عَنْ أَبِيهِ] عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي الْمَغْرَا،عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ ابْنِ عَمَّارٍ،وَ يُونُسَ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: خُذُوا مٰا آتَيْنٰاكُمْ بِقُوَّةٍ أَ قُوَّةٌ الْأَبْدَانِ،أَوْ قُوَّةٌ الْقَلْبِ؟قَالَ:«فِيهِمَا جَمِيعاً».

99-/499 _2- Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Khālid al-Barqī [from his father], from Ibn Abī ‘Umayr, from Abū al-Maghrā, from Isḥāq b. ‘Ammār and Yūnus, said: I asked Abā ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) about His saying, Mighty and Majestic: Take hold of what We have given you with strength—Is it strength of bodies or strength of the heart? He said: In both of them together.

99-/500 _3- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: خُذُوا مٰا آتَيْنٰاكُمْ بِقُوَّةٍ أَ قُوَّةٌ فِي الْأَبْدَانِ،أَمْ قُوَّةٌ فِي الْقُلُوبِ؟قَالَ:«فِيهِمَا جَمِيعاً».

99-/500 _3- Al-‘Ayyāshī, from Isḥāq b. ‘Ammār, said: I asked Abā ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) about Allah’s saying: Take hold of what We have given you with strength—is it strength in the bodies or strength in the hearts? He said: In both of them together.

99-/501 _4- عن عبيد اللّه الحلبيّ،قال:قال:«اذكروا ما فيه،و اذكروا ما في تركه من العقوبة».

99-/501 _4- From ‘Ubaydullāh al-Ḥalabī; he said: He said: Remember what is in it, and remember what there is, in forsaking it, of punishment.

99-/502 _5- عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: خُذُوا مٰا آتَيْنٰاكُمْ بِقُوَّةٍ قَالَ:«السُّجُودُ،وَ وَضْعُ الْيَدَيْنِ عَلَى الرُّكْبَتَيْنِ فِي الصَّلاَةِ وَ أَنْتَ رَاكِعٌ».

99-/502 _5- From Muḥammad b. Abī Ḥamzah, from some of our companions, from Abī ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) regarding the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: Take hold of what We have given you with strength. He said: It is prostration, and placing the hands on the knees in prayer when you are bowing.

99-/503 _6- عَنْ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ بْنِ بَرَّارٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: «كَانَتِ الْقِرَدَةُ هُمُ الْيَهُودُ الَّذِينَ اعْتَدَوْا فِي السَّبْتِ،فَمَسَخَهُمُ اللَّهُ قُرُوداً».

99-/503 _6- From ‘Abd al-Ṣamad b. Barrār, who said: I heard Abā al-Ḥasan (peace be upon him) say: The apes were the Jews who transgressed on the Sabbath, so Allah transformed them into apes.

99-/504 _7- عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ: فَجَعَلْنٰاهٰا نَكٰالاً لِمٰا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهٰا وَ مٰا خَلْفَهٰا وَ مَوْعِظَةً لِلْمُتَّقِينَ .قَالَ:لِمَا مَعَهَا،يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرَى،وَ لِمَا خَلْفَهَا-قَالَ-:وَ نَحْنُ،وَ لَنَا فِيهَا مَوْعِظَةٌ».

99-/504 _7- From Zurārah, from Abī Ja‘far and Abī ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon them) regarding His saying: So We made them an exemplary punishment to those who witnessed it and those who came after it, and an admonition to the God‑wary. He said: To those alongside them—those of the neighboring towns who looked upon them—and to those after them—he said: and to us; and for us in it is an admonition.

99-/505 _8- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ،عَنْ آدَمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «كَانَ مِنَ السَّبِيلِ وَ السُّنَّةِ الَّتِي أَمَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِهَا مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَنْ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّبْتَ،فَكَانَ مَنْ عَظَّمَ السَّبْتَ وَ لَمْ يَسْتَحِلَّ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ،أَدْخَلَهُ اللَّهُ الْجَنَّةَ،وَ مَنِ اسْتَخَفَّ بِحَقِّهِ وَ اسْتَحَلَّ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الْعَمَلِ الَّذِي نَهَاهُ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِيهِ،أَدْخَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ النَّارَ،وَ ذَلِكَ حَيْثُ اسْتَحَلُّوا الْحِيتَانَ وَ احْتَبَسُوهَا وَ أَكَلُوهَا يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ،غَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَكُونُوا أَشْرَكُوا بِالرَّحْمَنِ،وَ لاَ شَكُّوا فِي شَيْءٍ مِمَّا جَاءَ بِهِ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمُ الَّذِينَ اعْتَدَوْا مِنْكُمْ فِي السَّبْتِ فَقُلْنٰا لَهُمْ كُونُوا قِرَدَةً خٰاسِئِينَ ».

99-/505 _8- Muḥammad b. Ya‘qūb, from ‘Alī b. Muḥammad, from some of his companions, from Ādam b. Isḥāq, from ‘Abd al-Razzāq b. Mihrān, from al-Ḥusayn b. Maymūn, from Muḥammad b. Sālim, from Abī Ja‘far (peace be upon him), said: Among the path and the sunnah with which Allah, Mighty and Majestic, commanded Mūsā (peace be upon him) was that Allah prescribed the Sabbath upon them. So whoever magnified the Sabbath and did not consider permissible to act [therein] out of fear of Allah, Allah admitted him to Paradise. And whoever belittled its right and deemed lawful what Allah had forbidden of labor from which He forbade him in it, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, admitted him to the Fire. That was when they deemed the fish lawful, restrained them, and ate them on the Sabbath. Allah became angry with them, even though they had not associated partners with the All‑Merciful, nor doubted anything that Mūsā (peace be upon him) had brought. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: And certainly you have known those among you who exceeded the limits of the Sabbath; so We said to them: Be apes, despised.

99-/506 _9- قَالَ الْإِمَامُ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ إِذْ أَخَذْنٰا وَ اذْكُرُوا إِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِيثٰاقَكُمْ وَ عُهُودَكُمْ أَنْ تَعْمَلُوا بِمَا فِي التَّوْرَاةِ،وَ مَا فِي الْفُرْقَانِ الَّذِي أَعْطَيْتُهُ مُوسَى مَعَ الْكِتَابِ الْمَخْصُوصِ بِذِكْرِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ الْأَئِمَّةِ الطَّيِّبِينَ مِنْ آلِهِمَا،بِأَنَّهُمْ سَادَةُ الْخَلْقِ،وَ الْقَوَّامُونَ بِالْحَقِّ. وَ إِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَاقَكُمْ أَنْ تُقِرُّوا بِهِ،وَ أَنْ تُؤَدُّوهُ إِلَى أَخْلاَفِكُمْ،وَ أَنْ تَأْمُرُوهُمْ أَنْ يُؤَدُّوهُ إِلَى أَخْلاَفِهِمْ إِلَى آخِرِ مُقِرَّاتٍ فِي الدُّنْيَا،لَيُؤْمِنُنَّ بِمُحَمَّدٍ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ،وَ يُسْلِمُنَّ لَهُ مَا يَأْمُرُهُمْ بِهِ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَلِيِّ اللَّهِ عَنِ اللَّهِ،وَ مَا يُخْبِرُهُمْ بِهِ مِنْ أَحْوَالِ خُلَفَائِهِ بَعْدَهُ الْقَوَّامِينَ بِحَقِّ اللَّهِ،فَأَبَيْتُمْ قَبُولَ ذَلِكَ،وَ اسْتَكْبَرْتُمُوهُ. وَ رَفَعْنٰا فَوْقَكُمُ الطُّورَ الْجَبَلَ،أَمَرْنَا جَبْرَئِيلَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَنْ يَقْطَعَ مِنْ جَبَلِ فِلَسْطِينَ قِطْعَةً عَلَى قَدْرِ مُعَسْكَرِ أَسْلاَفِكُمْ فَرْسَخاً فِي فَرْسَخٍ،فَقَطَعَهَا،وَ جَاءَ بِهَا،فَرَفَعَهَا فَوْقَ رُءُوسِهِمْ،وَ قَالَ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لَهُمْ:إِمَّا أَنْ تَأْخُذُوا بِمَا أُمِرْتُمْ بِهِ فِيهِ،وَ إِمَّا أُلْقِيَ عَلَيْكُمْ هَذَا الْجَبَلُ؛وَ الْجَئُوا إِلَى قَبُولِهِ كَارِهِينَ إِلاَّ مَنْ عَصَمَهُ اللَّهُ مِنَ الْعِبَادِ،فَإِنَّهُ قَبِلَهُ طَائِعاً مُخْتَاراً،ثُمَّ لَمَّا قَبِلُوهُ سَجَدُوا وَ عَفَّرُوا،وَ كَثِيرٌ مِنْهُمْ عَفَّرَ خَدَّيْهِ لاَ يُرِيدُ الْخُضُوعَ لِلَّهِ،وَ لَكِنْ نَظَرَ إِلَى الْجَبَلِ هَلْ يَقَعُ أَمْ لاَ،وَ آخَرُونَ سَجَدُوا طَائِعِينَ مُخْتَارِينَ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):اِحْمَدُوا اللَّهَ-مَعَاشِرَ شِيعَتِنَا-عَلَى تَوْفِيقِهِ إِيَّاكُمْ،فَإِنَّكُمْ تُعَفِّرُونَ فِي سُجُودِكُمْ لاَ كَمَا عَفَّرَ كَفَرَةُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ،وَ لَكِنْ كَمَا عَفَّرَهُ خِيَارُهُمْ. قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: خُذُوا مٰا آتَيْنٰاكُمْ بِقُوَّةٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَوَامِرِ وَ النَّوَاهِي،مِنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ الْجَلِيلِ،مِنْ ذِكْرِ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ عَلِيٍّ و آلِهِمَا الطَّيِّبِينَ وَ اذْكُرُوا مٰا فِيهِ فِيمَا آتَيْنَاكُمْ،اذْكُرُوا جَزِيلَ ثَوَابِنَا عَلَى قِيَامِكُمْ بِهِ، وَ شَدِيدَ عِقَابِنَا عَلَى إِبَائِكُمْ لَهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ تَتَّقُونَ الْمُخَالَفَةَ الْمُوجِبَةَ لِلْعِقَابِ،فَتَسْتَحِقُّونَ بِذَلِكَ جَزِيلَ الثَّوَابِ.

99-/506 _9- Imam al-‘Askarī (peace be upon him) said: Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said to the Jews of Madīnah: And remember when Mūsā said to his people: Allah commands you to act by what is in the Torah, and what is in the Furqān which I gave to Mūsā along with the book specifically mentioning Muḥammad and ‘Alī and the pure Imāms from their progeny—that they are the leaders of creation and those who uphold the truth. And [remember] when We took your covenant—that you affirm it and deliver it to your successors, and command them to deliver it to their successors until the last who confess in the world—that they shall surely believe in Muḥammad, the Prophet of Allah, and submit to him in what he commands them regarding ‘Alī, the friend of Allah, from Allah, and what he informs them about the states of his successors after him, who uphold Allah’s right. But you refused to accept that and were arrogant toward it. And We raised above you the Mount—the mountain. We ordered Jibrīl (peace be upon him) to cut from the mountain of Palestine a piece the size of your forefathers’ encampment, a parasang by a parasang; so he cut it and brought it, and raised it above their heads. Mūsā (peace be upon him) said to them: Either you take what you were commanded regarding it, or I will cast this mountain upon you. So they were driven to accept it unwillingly—except those servants whom Allah protected, for he accepted it willingly and by choice. Then when they accepted it, they prostrated and rubbed their faces in the dust; and many of them rubbed their cheeks, not intending humility to Allah, but looking at the mountain—whether it would fall or not—while others prostrated willingly and by choice. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said: Praise Allah—O our Shī‘a—for His enabling of you; for you rub [your faces] in your prostrations not as the disbelievers of the Children of Israel rubbed them, but as their elect did. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: Take hold of what We have given you with strength—of these commands and prohibitions, of this magnificent matter, of the mention of Muḥammad (may Allah bless him and his family) and ‘Alī and their pure household—and remember what is in it among what We have given you. Remember Our abundant reward for your upholding it, and Our severe punishment for your refusal of it, so that you may be God‑wary—so that you avoid the contravention that necessitates punishment, and thus become deserving of abundant reward.

قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ثُمَّ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ يَعْنِي تَوَلَّى أَسْلاَفُكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ ذٰلِكَ عَنِ الْقِيَامِ بِهِ،وَ الْوَفَاءِ بِمَا عَاهَدُوا عَلَيْهِ فَلَوْ لاٰ فَضْلُ اللّٰهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَ رَحْمَتُهُ يَعْنِي عَلَى أَسْلاَفِكُمْ،لَوْ لاَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ بِإِمْهَالِهِ إِيَّاهُمْ لِلتَّوْبَةِ، وَ إِنْظَارِهِمْ لِمَحْوِ الْخَطِيئَةِ بِالْإِنَابَةِ لَكُنْتُمْ مِنَ الْخٰاسِرِينَ الْمَغْبُونِينَ،قَدْ خَسِرْتُمُ الْآخِرَةَ وَ الدُّنْيَا،لِأَنَّ الْآخِرَةَ فَسَدَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ بِكُفْرِكُمْ،وَ الدُّنْيَا كَانَ لاَ يَحْصُلُ لَكُمْ نَعِيمُهَا لاِخْتِرَامِنَا لَكُمْ،وَ تَبْقَى عَلَيْكُمْ حَسَرَاتُ نُفُوسِكُمْ وَ أَمَانِيِّكُمُ الَّتِي اقْتَطَعْتُمْ دُونَهَا،وَ لَكِنَّا أَمْهَلْنَاكُمْ لِلتَّوْبَةِ،وَ أَنْظَرْنَاكُمْ لِلْإِنَابَةِ،أَيْ فَعَلْنَا ذَلِكَ بِأَسْلاَفِكُمْ،فَتَابَ مَنْ تَابَ مِنْهُمْ،فَسَعِدَ،وَ خَرَجَ مِنْ صُلْبِهِ مَنْ قُدِّرَ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ مِنْهُ الذُّرِّيَّةُ الطَّيِّبَةُ الَّتِي تَطَيَّبَ فِي الدُّنْيَا بِاللَّهِ مَعِيشَتُهَا،وَ تَشَرَّفَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ بِطَاعَةِ اللَّهِ مَرْتَبَتُهَا.

Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: Then you turned away—that is, your forefathers turned away thereafter from upholding it and fulfilling what they had covenanted. And were it not for Allah’s grace upon you and His mercy—meaning upon your forefathers—were it not for Allah’s grace upon them in granting them respite for repentance, and postponing them so that they might efface sin by turning back, you would surely have been among the losers—the defrauded—having lost both the Hereafter and the world: the Hereafter being ruined for you by your unbelief, and the world’s bliss not coming to you because of Our cutting you off, while upon you would remain the regrets of your souls and the hopes you had reached out for but were cut off from. Yet We granted you respite for repentance and delayed you for turning back—that is, We did this for your forefathers; so whoever among them repented was felicitous, and from his loins there came forth those decreed to produce the goodly offspring whose livelihood in this world was made good by Allah, and whose rank in the Hereafter was ennobled by obedience to Allah.

قَالَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ):أَمَا إِنَّهُمْ لَوْ كَانُوا دَعَوُا اللَّهَ بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ بِصِدْقٍ مِنْ نِيَّاتِهِمْ،وَ صِحَّةِ اعْتِقَادِهِمْ مِنْ قُلُوبِهِمْ،أَنْ يَعْصِمَهُمْ حَتَّى لاَ يُعَانِدُوهُ بَعْدَ مُشَاهَدَةِ تِلْكَ الْمُعْجِزَاتِ الْبَاهِرَاتِ،لَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ بِجُودِهِ وَ كَرَمِهِ،وَ لَكِنَّهُمْ قَصَّرُوا وَ آثَرُوا الْهَوَى بِنَا،وَ مَضَوْا مَعَ الْهَوَى فِي طَلَبِ لَذَّاتِهِمْ.

Al-Ḥusayn b. ‘Alī (peace be upon them) said: Indeed, had they called upon Allah by [the honor of] Muḥammad and his pure Household, with sincerity of intention and soundness of belief in their hearts, to protect them so they would not oppose Him after witnessing those dazzling miracles, He would have done so by His bounty and generosity. But they fell short and preferred caprice over us, and went along with their desires in seeking their pleasures.

قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمُ الَّذِينَ اعْتَدَوْا مِنْكُمْ فِي السَّبْتِ لَمَّا اصْطَادُوا السَّمَكَ فِيهِ فَقُلْنٰا لَهُمْ كُونُوا قِرَدَةً خٰاسِئِينَ مُبْعَدِينَ عَنْ كُلِّ خَيْرٍ فَجَعَلْنٰاهٰا أَيْ جَعَلْنَا تِلْكَ الْمَسْخَةَ الَّتِي أَخْزَيْنَاهُمْ وَ لَعَنَّاهُمْ بِهَا نَكٰالاً عِقَاباً وَ رَدْعاً لِمٰا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهٰا بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْمَسْخَةِ مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِمُ الْمُوبِقَاتِ الَّتِي اسْتَحَقُّوا بِهَا الْعُقُوبَاتِ وَ مٰا خَلْفَهٰا لِلْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ شَاهَدُوهُمْ بَعْدَ مَسْخِهِمْ يَرْتَدِعُونَ عَنْ مِثْلِ أَفْعَالِهِمْ لَمَّا شَاهَدُوا مَا حَلَّ بِهِمْ مِنْ عِقَابِنَا وَ مَوْعِظَةً لِلْمُتَّقِينَ يَتَّعِظُونَ بِهَا،فَيُفَارِقُونَ الْمُحَرَّمَاتِ وَ يَعِظُونَ بِهَا النَّاسَ،وَ يُحَذِّرُونَهُمُ الْمُؤْذِيَاتِ.

Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: And indeed you knew those among you who transgressed in the Sabbath when they fished therein; so We said to them: Be apes, abjectly despised—banished from every good. And We made it—that is, that metamorphosis by which We disgraced and cursed them—an exemplary punishment, as a chastisement and a deterrent, for what preceded it—before the metamorphosis—of their destructive sins by which they had deserved punishments; and for what followed it—for the people who beheld them after their metamorphosis—so that they would be deterred from similar deeds when they witnessed what befell them of Our punishment; and an admonition to the God‑wary, who take admonition by it, shunning the forbidden things, and by it admonish people and warn them against that which brings ruin.

قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):كَانَ هَؤُلاَءِ قَوْماً يَسْكُنُونَ عَلَى شَاطِئِ الْبَحْرِ،نَهَاهُمْ اللَّهُ وَ أَنْبِيَاؤُهُ عَنِ اصْطِيَادِ السَّمَكِ فِي يَوْمِ السَّبْتِ،فَتَوَصَّلُوا إِلَى حِيلَةٍ لِيُحِلُّوا بِهَا إِلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ،فَخَدُّوا أَخَادِيدَ،وَ عَمِلُوا طُرُقاً تُؤَدِّي إِلَى حِيَاضٍ،يَتَهَيَّأُ لِلْحِيتَانِ الدُّخُولُ فِيهَا مِنْ تِلْكَ الطُّرُقِ،وَ لاَ يَتَهَيَّأُ لَهَا الْخُرُوجُ إِذَا هَمَّتْ بِالرُّجُوعِ مِنْهَا إِلَى اللُّجَجِ. فَجَاءَتِ الْحِيتَانُ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ جَارِيَةً عَلَى أَمَانِ اللَّهِ لَهَا،فَدَخَلَتِ الْأَخَادِيدَ وَ حَصَلَتْ فِي الْحِيَاضِ وَ الْغُدْرَانِ،فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ عَشِيَّةُ الْيَوْمِ هَمَّتْ بِالرُّجُوعِ مِنْهَا إِلَى اللُّجَجِ لِتَأْمَنَ مِنْ صَائِدِهَا،فَرَامَتِ الرُّجُوعَ فَلَمْ تَقْدِرْ، وَ بَقِيَتْ لَيْلَهَا فِي مَكَانٍ يَتَهَيَّأُ أَخْذُهَا بِلاَ اصْطِيَادٍ لاِسْتِرْسَالِهَا فِيهِ،وَ عَجْزِهَا عَنِ الاِمْتِنَاعِ لِمَنْعِ الْمَكَانِ لَهَا،فَكَانُوا يَأْخُذُونَهَا يَوْمَ الْأَحَدِ،وَ يَقُولُونَ:مَا اصْطَدْنَا يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ،وَ إِنَّمَا اصْطَدْنَا فِي الْأَحَدِ،وَ كَذَبَ أَعْدَاءُ اللَّهِ،بَلْ كَانُوا آخِذِينَ لَهَا بِأَخَادِيدِهِمُ الَّتِي عَمِلُوهَا يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ حَتَّى كَثُرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَالُهُمْ وَ ثَرَاؤُهُمْ،وَ تَنَعَّمُوا بِالنِّسَاءِ وَ غَيْرِهَا لاِتِّسَاعِ أَيْدِيهِمْ. وَ كَانُوا فِي الْمَدِينَةِ نَيِّفاً وَ ثَمَانِينَ أَلْفاً،فَعَلَ هَذَا مِنْهُمْ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفاً،وَ أَنْكَرَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْبَاقُونَ،كَمَا قَصَّ اللَّهُ: وَ سْئَلْهُمْ عَنِ الْقَرْيَةِ الَّتِي كٰانَتْ حٰاضِرَةَ الْبَحْرِ الْآيَةَ؛وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ طَائِفَةً مِنْهُمْ وَعَظُوهُمْ وَ زَجَرُوهُمْ،وَ مِنْ عَذَابِ اللَّهِ خَوَّفُوهُمْ،وَ مِنِ انْتِقَامِهِ وَ شَدِيدِ بَأْسِهِ حَذَّرُوهُمْ،فَأَجَابُوهُمْ عَنْ وَعْظِهِمْ: لِمَ تَعِظُونَ قَوْماً اللّٰهُ مُهْلِكُهُمْ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ هَلاَكَ الاِصْطِلاَمِ: أَوْ مُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذٰاباً شَدِيداً . أَجَابُوا الْقَائِلِينَ هَذَا لَهُمْ: مَعْذِرَةً إِلىٰ رَبِّكُمْ ... وَ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ.

‘Alī b. al-Ḥusayn (peace be upon him) said: These were a people who dwelt on the seashore. Allah and His prophets forbade them from fishing on the Sabbath. They resorted to a stratagem to make lawful to themselves what Allah had forbidden: they dug trenches and made channels leading to pools, so that the fish could enter them by those channels, but could not get out when they wished to return to the deep. The fish came on the Sabbath, moving along under Allah’s security for them, and entered the trenches, and were confined in the pools and ponds. When the evening of that day came, they intended to return to the deep to be safe from those who would catch them, but they could not, and they remained through the night in a place where they could be taken without [actual] fishing—because they had drifted into it and were unable to resist, being prevented by the place. They would then take them on Sunday and say: We did not fish on the Sabbath; rather, we fished on Sunday. The enemies of Allah lied; rather, they took them by their trenches which they had made on the Sabbath, until their wealth and riches increased thereby, and they luxuriated in women and other things because their hands had expanded. In the city they were over eighty thousand; seventy thousand of them did this, and the rest denounced them, as Allah has related: And ask them about the town which was by the sea [Q 7:163]. A party of them admonished and rebuked them, warning them of Allah’s punishment, and cautioning them against His retribution and severe might. They answered those who admonished them: Why do you admonish a people whom Allah will destroy for their sins with utter annihilation, or will chastise with a severe chastisement? Those who said this to them were answered: As an excuse before your Lord—since He has charged us with commanding good and forbidding evil—we forbid the evil so that our Lord may know our contrariness to them and our dislike of their deed; and perhaps they will be God‑wary; we also admonish them in case the admonitions take effect in them, and they avoid this mortal sin and fear its punishment.

قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَلَمّٰا عَتَوْا عَنْ مٰا نُهُوا عَنْهُ قُلْنٰا لَهُمْ كُونُوا قِرَدَةً خٰاسِئِينَ ... قَالَ:فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ الْعَشَرَةُ آلاَفٍ وَ النَّيِّفُ أَنَّ السَّبْعِينَ أَلْفاً لاَ يَقْبَلُونَ مَوَاعِظَهُمْ ... فَأَمْسَوْا لَيْلَةً،فَمَسَخَهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى كُلَّهُمْ قِرَدَةً،وَ بَقِيَ بَابُ الْمَدِينَةِ مُغْلَقاً ... ثُمَّ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عَلَيْهِمْ مَطَراً وَ رِيحاً فَجَرَفَهُمْ إِلَى الْبَحْرِ،وَ مَا بَقِيَ مَسْخٌ بَعْدَ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ...

Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: Then when they insolently persisted in what they had been forbidden, We said to them: Be apes, abjectly despised [Q 7:166]… When the ten‑odd thousand saw that the seventy thousand would not accept their admonitions nor heed their warnings and cautions, they separated themselves into another town near their town, saying: We dislike that Allah’s punishment descend upon them while we are among them. They passed a night, and Allah, Exalted, transformed them all into apes, and the city gate remained closed—none going out and none coming in. The people of the neighboring towns heard of this and came to them, climbed the city walls, and looked down upon them—behold, all of them, their men and their women, were apes, surging over one another. Those onlookers recognized their acquaintances, relatives, and associates. One onlooker would say to one of them: Are you so‑and‑so? Are you so‑and‑so [female]? Tears would come to his eyes and he would signal with his head: Yes. They remained thus three days. Then Allah, Mighty and Majestic, sent upon them rain and wind, which swept them into the sea. No metamorphosed being remained after three days; what you now see of images in those forms are merely likenesses of them, not their very selves, nor from their progeny.

ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى مَسَخَ هَؤُلاَءِ لاِصْطِيَادِ السَّمَكِ،فَكَيْفَ تَرَى ... فَإِنَّ الْمُعَدَّ لَهُمْ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْآخِرَةِ أَضْعَافُ أَضْعَافِ عَذَابِ هَذَا الْمَسْخِ.

Then ‘Alī b. al-Ḥusayn (peace be upon him) said: Allah, Exalted, transformed these people for fishing [on the Sabbath]; so what do you think of the state, with Allah, Mighty and Majestic, of those who killed the children of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) and violated his sanctuary? Even if Allah does not transform them in this world, what is prepared for them of the Hereafter’s punishment is many times over the punishment of this metamorphosis.

... فَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):قُلْ لِهَؤُلاَءِ النُّصَّابِ:فَإِنْ كَانَ إِبْلِيسُ مَعَاصِيهِ أَعْظَمَ ... لاٰ يُسْئَلُ عَمّٰا يَفْعَلُ وَ هُمْ يُسْئَلُونَ.

… ‘Alī b. al-Ḥusayn (peace be upon him) said: Say to those nāṣibīs: If Iblīs’s acts of disobedience are greater than those of the ones who disbelieved due to his leading them astray, and Allah destroyed whomever He willed among them—like the people of Nūḥ and the people of Fir‘awn—then why did He not destroy Iblīs—may Allah curse him—who was more deserving of destruction? How is it that He destroyed those whose perpetration of mortal sins fell short of Iblīs’s, yet gave Iblīs respite despite his preference for exposing disgraces? Is it not that our Lord, Mighty and Majestic, is Wise, and His governance is wisdom, in whom He destroys and whom He spares? Likewise with those who fished on the Sabbath and those who killed al-Ḥusayn (peace be upon him): He does with both parties what He knows to be most fitting and wise. He is not questioned about what He does, but they shall be questioned [Q 21:23].

ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):أَمَا إِنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ الَّذِينَ اعْتَدَوْا فِي السَّبْتِ،لَوْ كَانُوا ... فَجَرَتْ مَعْلُومَاتُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فِيهِ عَلَى مَا كَانَتْ مُسَطَّرَةً فِي اللَّوْحِ الْمَحْفُوظِ.

Then ‘Alī b. al-Ḥusayn (peace be upon him) said: Surely, if those who transgressed on the Sabbath, when they were about to commit their vile acts, had asked their Lord by the rank of Muḥammad (may Allah bless him and his family) and his pure Household to protect them from that, He would have protected them; and likewise those who forbade them—if they had asked Allah, Mighty and Majestic, to protect them by the rank of Muḥammad and his pure Household, He would have protected them. But Allah, Mighty and Majestic, did not inspire that to them nor grant them success for it; thus did Allah’s decreed knowledge run concerning them as it was inscribed in the Preserved Tablet.

وَ قَالَ الْبَاقِرُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):فَلَمَّا حَدَّثَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ،قَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُ مَنْ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ:يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،كَيْفَ يُعَاقِبُ اللَّهُ وَ يُوَبِّخُ هَؤُلاَءِ الْأَخْلاَفَ ... فَجَازَ أَنْ يُقَالَ:أَنْتُمْ فَعَلْتُمْ إِذْ رَضِيتُمْ قَبِيحَ فِعْلِهِمْ».

Al-Bāqir (peace be upon him) said: When ‘Alī b. al-Ḥusayn (peace be upon them) related this report, someone in his gathering said to him: O son of the Messenger of Allah, how does Allah punish and reproach these successors for the vile deeds their predecessors committed, while He says: And no bearer shall bear the burden of another [Q 6:164]? Zayn al-‘Ābidīn (peace be upon him) said: The Qur’an was revealed in the language of the Arabs, so it addresses the Arabs—people of the tongue—in their language. A Tamīmī man, when his people have raided a town and killed its inhabitants, says: You raided such‑and‑such a town and you did such‑and‑such, and the Arab also says: We did such‑and‑such to the Banū so‑and‑so; we enslaved the family of so‑and‑so; we destroyed such‑and‑such a town—not meaning that they themselves directly did it, but these speak in reproach and those in boasting, intending that their people did such‑and‑such. Allah’s speech in these verses is a reproach to their forefathers and a reproachful censure to these present ones, because that is the language in which the Qur’an was revealed, and because these successors too are pleased with what their forefathers did, approving it for them; so it is valid to say: You did it—since you were pleased with the ugliness of their deed.

قوله تعالى:

وَ إِذْ قٰالَ مُوسىٰ لِقَوْمِهِ إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تَذْبَحُوا بَقَرَةً قٰالُوا أَ تَتَّخِذُنٰا هُزُواً قٰالَ أَعُوذُ بِاللّٰهِ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِنَ الْجٰاهِلِينَ[67] قٰالُوا ادْعُ لَنٰا رَبَّكَ يُبَيِّنْ لَنٰا مٰا هِيَ قٰالَ إِنَّهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّهٰا بَقَرَةٌ لاٰ فٰارِضٌ وَ لاٰ بِكْرٌ عَوٰانٌ بَيْنَ ذٰلِكَ فَافْعَلُوا مٰا تُؤْمَرُونَ[68] قٰالُوا ادْعُ لَنٰا رَبَّكَ يُبَيِّنْ لَنٰا مٰا لَوْنُهٰا قٰالَ إِنَّهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّهٰا بَقَرَةٌ صَفْرٰاءُ فٰاقِعٌ لَوْنُهٰا تَسُرُّ النّٰاظِرِينَ[69] قٰالُوا ادْعُ لَنٰا رَبَّكَ يُبَيِّنْ لَنٰا مٰا هِيَ إِنَّ الْبَقَرَ تَشٰابَهَ عَلَيْنٰا وَ إِنّٰا إِنْ شٰاءَ اللّٰهُ لَمُهْتَدُونَ[70] قٰالَ إِنَّهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّهٰا بَقَرَةٌ لاٰ ذَلُولٌ تُثِيرُ الْأَرْضَ وَ لاٰ تَسْقِي الْحَرْثَ مُسَلَّمَةٌ لاٰ شِيَةَ فِيهٰا قٰالُوا الْآنَ جِئْتَ بِالْحَقِّ فَذَبَحُوهٰا وَ مٰا كٰادُوا يَفْعَلُونَ[71] وَ إِذْ قَتَلْتُمْ نَفْساً فَادّٰارَأْتُمْ فِيهٰا وَ اللّٰهُ مُخْرِجٌ مٰا كُنْتُمْ تَكْتُمُونَ[72] فَقُلْنٰا اضْرِبُوهُ بِبَعْضِهٰا كَذٰلِكَ يُحْيِ اللّٰهُ الْمَوْتىٰ وَ يُرِيكُمْ آيٰاتِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ[73]

[Qur’an 2:67–73, M. H. Shakir]

And when Musa said to his people: Surely Allah commands you that you should sacrifice a cow; they said: Do you ridicule us? He said: I seek the protection of Allah from being one of the ignorant. They said: Call on your Lord for our sake to make it plain to us what she is. Musa said: He says, Surely she is a cow neither advanced in age nor too young, of middle age between that (and this); so do what you are commanded. They said: Call on your Lord for our sake to make it plain to us what her color is. Musa said: He says, Surely she is a yellow cow; her color is intensely yellow, giving delight to the beholders. They said: Call on your Lord for our sake to make it plain to us what she is; surely the cows are all alike to us, and surely, if Allah please, we shall be guided aright. Musa said: He says, Surely she is a cow not subdued to plough the earth, nor does she water the tilth; sound, without a blemish in her. They said: Now you have brought the truth; so they sacrificed her, though they had not the mind to do (it). And when you killed a man, then you disagreed with respect to that, and Allah was to bring forth that which you were going to hide. So We said: Strike the (dead body) with part of it; thus Allah brings the dead to life, and He shows you His signs so that you may understand.

المراجع والحواشي:

_10) - علل الشرائع:1/81، و عيون أخبار الرّضا(عليه السّلام) 2:10/79.

- ‘Ilal al-Sharā’i‘: 1/81, wa ‘Uyūn Akhbār al-Riḍā (alayhi al-salām) 2:10/79.

_11) - تفسير القمّيّ 1:48.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:48.

_1) - علل الشرائع:1/67.

- ‘Ilal al-Sharā’i‘: 1/67.

[1] في المصدر:و يحيى ذبح و قتله.

[2] الناصرة:قرية بينها و بين طبريّة ثلاثة عشر ميلا،فيها كان مولد المسيح عيسى بن مريم(عليه السّلام)،و منها اشتقّ اسم النّصارى.«معجم البلدان 5:251».

_2) - المحاسن:319/261.

- al-Maḥāsin: 319/261.

_3) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:52/45.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:52/45.

_4) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:53/45.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:53/45.

_5) - تفسير العيّاشي 1:54/45.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:54/45.

_6) - تفسير العيّاشي 1 لا 55/46.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1 lā 55/46.

_7) - تفسير العيّاشي 1 لا 56/46.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1 lā 56/46.

_8) - الكافي 2:1/24.

- al-Kāfī 2:1/24.

[1] في«س»و«ط»:عبد اللّه بن سنان،و سهو.

[2] طور سيناء:جبل بقرب أيلة،و أضيف إلى سيناء،و هو شجر،و كذلك طور سينين.«معجم البلدان 4:48».

[3] أثبتناه من المصدر،و هو صحيح،أنظر معجم رجال الحديث 14:279 و 22:101.

[4] في«ط»:المعزا،و هو محل خلاف،راجع رجال النجاشيّ:340/133،الخلاصة:1/58،تنقيح المقال 1:379.

[5] كذا،و في نسخة من تفسير العيّاشي:مرار،و الظاهر كونه عبد الصّمد بن بندار،أنظر تفسير العيّاشي 1:227/351.

_9) - التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):134/266-139.

- al-Tafsīr al-Mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī (alayhi al-salām): 134/266–139.

[1] اخترمهم الدهر:أي اقتطعهم و استأصلهم.«الصحاح-خرم-5:1910».

[2] في المصدر:السموك،و السموك:جمع سمك، واحدتها سمكّة.«الصحاح-سمك-4:1592».

[3] موبقات الذنوب:أي مهلكاتها.«مجمع البحرين-وبق-5:243».

[4] في«س»و«ط»:عقابها.

[5] في المصدر:المخزيات.

[6] في المصدر:المرديات.

[7] اللّجج:جمع لجّة!و لجّة الماء:معظمه.«الصحاح-لجج-1:338».

[8] حصّلت:تجمّعت و ثبتت.«القاموس المحيط-حصل-3:368».

[1] في المصدر:و أبقيت ليلتها.

[2] في المصدر زيادة:به.

[3] الأعراف 7:163.

[4] في«س»:و عذاب.

[5] الاصطلام:الاستئصال.«الصحاح-صلم-5:1967».

[6] الأعراف 7:166.

[7] نجع فيه الخطاب و الوعظ و الدواء:أي دخل و أثر.«الصحاح-نجع-3:1288».

[8] الأعراف 7:166.

[9] المقصى:المبعد.«الصحاح-قصا-6:2462».

[10] لا يحفل:لا يبالي.«الصحاح-حفل-4:1671».

[11] تسنّمه:علاه.«الصحاح-سنم-5:1955».

[1] في المصدر:برأسه بلا أو نعم.

[2] في«س»:أشباحها.

[3] في المصدر:منك.

[4] في المصدر:بتدبيره و حكمه.

[5] الأنبياء 21:23.

[6] الأنعام 6:164.

_1) - التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السلام):140/273.

- al-Tafsīr al-Mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī (alayhi al-salām): 140/273.