The authority of the apparent meanings of the Qur’an

حجية ظواهر القرآن

نزل القرآن بلسان عربي مبين ليفهمه الناس ويعملوا به ، والقرآن يصرح بهذه الحقيقة (وَإِنَّهُ لَتَنْزِيلُ رَبِّ الْعالَمِينَ * نَزَلَ بِهِ الرُّوحُ الْأَمِينُ * عَلى قَلْبِكَ لِتَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُنْذِرِينَ * بِلِسانٍ عَرَبِيٍّ مُبِينٍ). [٧] والقرآن نور وبرهان وموعظة من عند الله إلى عباده ، وكيف يكون القرآن نورا وبرهانا دون أن يتلقى الناس ظواهر القرآن بالتأمل والتدبر والفهم ، ودون أن تكون ظواهره حجة على الناس؟!

The authority of the apparent meanings of the Qur’an

The Qur’an was revealed in a clear Arabic language so that people might understand it and act upon it. The Qur’an clearly states this truth:

“And most surely this is a revelation from the Lord of the worlds, the Faithful Spirit has descended with it upon your heart that you may be of the warners, in plain Arabic language.” (al-Shuʿarāʾ 26:192–195, M. H. Shakir)

The Qur’an is a light, a proof, and an admonition from Allah to His servants. How could the Qur’an be a light and a proof if people were not to receive the apparent meanings of the Qur’an through contemplation, reflection, and understanding, and if its apparent meanings were not authoritative upon them?

[١]الحجر ١٥ : ٩٠ و ٩١.

[٢]الإتقان ٤ : ٢٦٨.

[٣]الأنعام ٦ : ١٢٥.

[٤]الإتقان ٤ : ٢٥٤.

[٥]البقرة ٢ : ١٨٧.

[٦]صحيح البخاري ٦ : ٥٦ / ٣٧.

[٧]الشّعراء ٦٢ : ١٩٢ ـ ١٩٥.

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يقول الله تعالى : (قَدْ جاءَتْكُمْ مَوْعِظَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَشِفاءٌ لِما فِي الصُّدُورِ وَهُدىً وَرَحْمَةٌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ). [١]

ويقول تعالى : (يا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ قَدْ جاءَكُمْ بُرْهانٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَأَنْزَلْنا إِلَيْكُمْ نُوراً مُبِيناً). [٢]

ويقول تعالى : (هذا بَلاغٌ لِلنَّاسِ وَلِيُنْذَرُوا بِهِ وَلِيَعْلَمُوا أَنَّما هُوَ إِلهٌ واحِدٌ وَلِيَذَّكَّرَ أُولُوا الْأَلْبابِ). [٣]

ويقول تعالى : (إِنَّ هذَا الْقُرْآنَ يَهْدِي لِلَّتِي هِيَ أَقْوَمُ وَيُبَشِّرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ الصَّالِحاتِ أَنَّ لَهُمْ أَجْراً كَبِيراً). [٤]

وكيف يكون القرآن للناس نورا ، وبرهانا ، وبيانا ، وبلاغا ، ونذيرا ، ومبشرا ، وهاديا ، ثم لا يتمكن الناس أن يتلقوا هذا القرآن بأنفسهم ويتأملوا فيه ، وقد حثنا الله تعالى على التدبر والتأمل في آياته؟! [٥]

يقول تعالى : (أَفَلا يَتَدَبَّرُونَ الْقُرْآنَ وَلَوْ كانَ مِنْ عِنْدِ غَيْرِ اللهِ لَوَجَدُوا فِيهِ اخْتِلافاً كَثِيراً).

Allah, the Most High, says:

“There has come to you an admonition from your Lord and a healing for what is in the breasts and a guidance and a mercy for the believers.” (Yunus 10:57, M. H. Shakir)

And He, the Most High, says:

“O people! surely there has come to you manifest proof from your Lord and We have sent to you a clear light.” (al-Nisāʾ 4:174, M. H. Shakir)

And He, the Most High, says:

“This is a message for mankind, and that they may be warned by it, and that they may know that there is only one God, and that those possessed of understanding may mind.” (Ibrāhīm 14:52, M. H. Shakir)

And He, the Most High, says:

“Surely this Qur’an guides to that which is most upright and gives good news to the believers who do good that they shall have a great reward.” (al-Isrāʾ 17:9, M. H. Shakir)

So how can the Qur’an be for people a light, a proof, a clarification, a message, a warner, a bearer of good news, and a guide — yet people would not be able to receive it themselves and reflect upon it, while Allah, the Most High, has urged us to ponder and reflect upon His verses?

He, the Most High, says:

“Do they not then reflect on the Qur’an? And if it were from any other than Allah, they would have found in it many a discrepancy.” (al-Nisāʾ 4:82, M. H. Shakir)