Maryam Ayah 1

قوله تعالى:

بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ كهيعص

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Kaf. Ha. Ya. Ain. Sad. (Quran 19:1, M. H. Shakir)

99-/6832 _1-

ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ الزَّنْجَانِيُّ-فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ عَلَى يَدَيْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْبَغْدَادِيِّ الْوَرَّاقِ-قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى الْعَنْبَرِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَسْمَاءَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا جُوَيْرِيَةُ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الثَّوْرِيِّ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِجَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ):يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،مَا مَعْنَى قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ كهيعص ؟قَالَ:«مَعْنَاهُ:أَنَا الْكَافِي،الْهَادِي،الْوَلِيُّ،الْعَالِمُ،الصَّادِقُ الْوَعْدِ».

99-/6832 _1-) I asked Ja‘far ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn ibn ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon them): O son of the Messenger of Allah, what is the meaning of Allah’s saying: Kaf Ha Ya ‘Ain Sad? He said: It means: I am the Sufficient, the Guide, the Protector, the All-Knowing, the Truthful in promise.

99-/6833 _2-

وَعَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الطَّالَقَانِيِّ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْجَلُودِيُّ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،قَالَ: حَضَرْتُ عِنْدَ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ كهيعص ،فَقَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«كَافٌ:كَافٍ لِشِيعَتِنَا،هَاءٌ:هَادٍ لَهُمْ،يَاءٌ:وَلِيٌّ لَهُمْ،عَيْنٌ:عَالِمٌ بِأَهْلِ طَاعَتِنَا،صَادٌ:صَادِقٌ لَهُمْ وَعْدُهُ،حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ بِهِمُ الْمَنْزِلَةَ الَّتِي وَعَدَهَا إِيَّاهُمْ فِي بَطْنِ الْقُرْآنِ».

99-/6833 _2-) I was present with Ja‘far ibn Muhammad (peace be upon them). A man entered and asked him about Kaf Ha Ya ‘Ain Sad. He (peace be upon him) said: Kaf: Sufficient for our Shia; Ha: a Guide for them; Ya: a Protector for them; ‘Ain: Knowing those who obey us; Sad: Truthful to them in His promise, until He brings them to the rank which He has promised them in the heart of the Quran.

99-/6834 _3-

وَعَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ،بْنِ حَاتِمٍ النَّوْفَلِيُّ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِالْكِرْمَانِيِّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عِيسَى الْوَشَّاءِ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ طَاهِرٍ [1] الْقُمِّيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَحْرِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَسْرُورٍ،عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقُمِّيِّ،فِي حَدِيثٍ لَهُ مَعَ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ):قَالَ لَهُ: «مَا جَاءَ بِكَ،يَا سَعْدُ؟»فَقُلْتُ:شَوَّقَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ إِلَى لِقَاءِ مَوْلاَنَا.

قَالَ:«وَ الْمَسَائِلُ الَّتِي أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَسْأَلَ عَنْهَا؟».قُلْتُ:عَلَى حَالِهَا،يَا مَوْلاَيَ.قَالَ:«فَسَلْ قُرَّةَ عَيْنِي عَنْهَا».وَ أَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى الْغُلاَمِ-يَعْنِي ابْنَهُ الْقَائِمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)-فَقَالَ لِيَ الْغُلاَمُ:«سَلْ عَمَّا بَدَا لَكَ».وَ ذَكَرَ الْمَسَائِلَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ:قُلْتُ:

فَأَخْبِرْنِي-يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ-عَنْ تَأْوِيلِ كهيعص ؟ قَالَ:«هَذِهِ الْحُرُوفُ مِنْ أَنْبَاءِ الْغَيْبِ،أَطْلَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا عَبْدَهُ زَكَرِيَّا،ثُمَّ قَصَّهَا عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ زَكَرِيَّا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)سَأَلَ رَبَّهُ أَنْ يُعَلِّمَهُ أَسْمَاءَ الْخَمْسَةِ،فَأَهْبَطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَعَلَّمَهُ إِيَّاهَا،فَكَانَ زَكَرِيَّا إِذَا ذَكَرَ مُحَمَّداً وَ عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنَ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،سُرِّيَ عَنْهُ هَمُّهُ وَ انْجَلَى كَرْبُهُ،وَ إِذَا ذَكَرَ الْحُسَيْنَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)خَنَقَتْهُ الْعَبْرَةُ،وَ وَقَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْبُهْرَةُ.

فَقَالَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ:إِلَهِي،مَا لِي إِذَا ذَكَرْتُ أَرْبَعاً مِنْهُمْ تَسَلَّيْتُ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ مِنْ هُمُومِي،وَ إِذَا ذَكَرْتُ الْحُسَيْنَ تَدْمَعُ عَيْنِي وَ تَثُورُ زَفْرَتِي؟فَأَنْبَأَهُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى عَنْ قِصَّتِهِ،فَقَالَ: كهيعص فَالْكَافُ:اِسْمُ كَرْبَلاَءَ،وَ الْهَاءُ:هَلاَكُ الْعِتْرَةِ،وَ الْيَاءُ:يَزِيدُ(لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ)،وَ هُوَ ظَالِمُ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ الْعَيْنُ:عَطَشُهُ،وَ الصَّادُ:صَبْرُهُ.فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ زَكَرِيَّا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لَمْ يُفَارِقْ مَسْجِدَهُ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ،وَ مَنَعَ فِيهَا النَّاسَ مِنَ الدُّخُولِ عَلَيْهِ،وَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى الْبُكَاءِ وَ النَّحِيبِ، وَ كَانَتْ نُدْبَتُهُ:إِلَهِي،أَ تُفَجِّعُ خَيْرَ خَلْقِكَ بِوَلَدِهِ.إِلَهِي أَ تُنْزِلُ بَلْوَى هَذِهِ الرَّزِيَّةِ بِفِنَائِهِ،إِلَهِي،أَ تُلْبِسُ عَلِيّاً وَ فَاطِمَةَ ثِيَابَ هَذِهِ الْمُصِيبَةِ،إِلَهِي أَ تُحِلُّ كُرْبَةَ هَذِهِ الْفَجِيعَةِ بِسَاحَتِهِمَا.

ثُمَّ كَانَ يَقُولُ:إِلَهِي،ارْزُقْنِي وَلَداً تَقَرُّ بِهِ عَيْنِي عَلَى الْكِبَرِ،وَ اجْعَلْهُ وَارِثاً وَصِيّاً،وَ اجْعَلْ مَحَلَّهُ مِنِّي مَحَلَّ الْحُسَيْنِ،فَإِذَا رَزَقْتَنِيهِ فَافْتِنِّي بِحُبِّهِ،ثُمَّ افْجَعْنِي بِهِ كَمَا تَفْجَعُ مُحَمَّداً حَبِيبَكَ بِوَلَدِهِ،فَرَزَقَهُ اللَّهُ يَحْيَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ فَجَعَهُ بِهِ،وَ كَانَ حَمْلُ يَحْيَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ،وَ حَمْلُ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)كَذَلِكَ».

99-/6834 _3-) He said to him: What has brought you, O Sa‘d? I said: Ahmad ibn Ishaq made me yearn to meet our master. He said: And the questions you intended to ask about? I said: They are as they were, O my master. He said: Then ask the delight of my eyes about them. He gestured with his hand to the boy—meaning his son, the Qa’im (peace be upon him). The boy said to me: Ask whatever occurs to you. He mentioned the questions until I said: Inform me, O son of the Messenger of Allah, about the interpretation of Kaf Ha Ya ‘Ain Sad. He said: These letters are from the tidings of the unseen; Allah disclosed them to His servant Zakariya, then related them to Muhammad (Allah bless him and his family). That is because Zakariya (peace be upon him) asked his Lord to teach him the names of the Five. So Allah sent down to him Gabriel (peace be upon him) who taught them to him. Whenever Zakariya mentioned Muhammad, ‘Ali, Fatima, and al-Hasan (peace be upon them), his grief was relieved and his distress lifted; but when he mentioned al-Husayn (peace be upon him), he was choked with tears and breathlessness overcame him. One day he said: My God, why is it that when I mention four of them I am consoled from my sorrows by their names, but when I mention al-Husayn my eyes shed tears and my sighs surge? Allah, Blessed and Exalted, informed him of his story, and said: Kaf Ha Ya ‘Ain Sad. Kaf is the name of Karbala’; Ha is the destruction of the ‘itra (the Prophet’s household); Ya is Yazid (may Allah curse him), the oppressor of al-Husayn (peace be upon him); ‘Ain is his thirst; and Sad is his patience. When Zakariya (peace be upon him) heard that, he did not leave his mihrab for three days, forbade people from entering upon him, and devoted himself to weeping and wailing. His lament was: My God, will You bereave the best of Your creation of his child? My God, will You bring down the affliction of this calamity in his courtyard? My God, will You clothe ‘Ali and Fatima in the garments of this tribulation? My God, will You make the anguish of this catastrophe descend upon their precinct? Then he would say: My God, grant me a child who will delight my eyes in old age; make him an heir, a successor; and make his station with me the station of al-Husayn. If You grant him to me, test me with love for him, then bereave me of him just as You bereave Muhammad, Your beloved, of his child. So Allah granted him Yahya (peace be upon him) and bereaved him of him; the pregnancy of Yahya (peace be upon him) was six months, and so too was the pregnancy of al-Husayn (peace be upon him).

[1] في«ج»:أحمد بن ظاهر.

[1] fi “J”: Ahmad ibn Zahir.

_1) -معاني الأخبار:22.

_1) -Ma‘ani al-Akhbar: 22.

_2) -معاني الأخبار:6/28.

_2) -Ma‘ani al-Akhbar: 6/28.

_3) -كمال الدين و تمام النعمة:21/454.

_3) -Kamal al-Din wa Tamam al-Ni‘ma: 21/454.

99-/6835 _4-

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُوسَى،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: « كهيعص هَذِهِ أَسْمَاءُ مُقَطَّعَةٌ».وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ كهيعص ، قَالَ:«اللَّهُ هُوَ الْكَافِي،الْهَادِي،الْعَالِمُ،الصَّادِقُ،ذُو الْأَيَادِي الْعِظَامِ [1]،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ كَمَا وَصَفَ نَفْسَهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى».

99-/6835 _4-) Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) said: “Kaf Ha Ya ‘Ain Sad are disjoined letters.” As for His saying Kaf Ha Ya ‘Ain Sad, he said: “Allah is the Sufficient, the Guide, the All-Knowing, the Truthful, the Possessor of mighty bounties [and, in one version: patient against the enemies], and that is His word as He has described Himself, Blessed and Exalted.”

[1] في«ط»زيادة:الصابر على الأعادي،و في المصدر نسخة بدل:ذو الأيادي الصابر على الأعادي.

[1] fi “T” ziyadah: al-sabiru ‘ala al-a‘adi; wa fi al-masdar nuskhat badal: dhu al-ayadi al-sabiru ‘ala al-a‘adi.

قوله تعالى:

ذِكْرُ رَحْمَتِ رَبِّكَ عَبْدَهُ زَكَرِيّٰا -إلى قوله تعالى- أَلاّٰ تُكَلِّمَ النّٰاسَ ثَلاٰثَ لَيٰالٍ سَوِيًّا

ذِكْرُ رَحْمَتِ رَبِّكَ عَبْدَهُ زَكَرِيّٰا

A mention of the mercy of your Lord to His servant Zakariya. (Quran 19:2, M. H. Shakir)

99-/6836 _1-

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:رَوَى أَبُو الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ذِكْرُ رَحْمَتِ رَبِّكَ عَبْدَهُ زَكَرِيّٰا

99-/6836 _1-) ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim: Abu al-Jarud narrated from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) regarding His, the Exalted’s, saying: A mention of the mercy of your Lord to His servant Zakariya.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:48.

_4) -Tafsir al-Qummi 2:48.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:48.

_1) -Tafsir al-Qummi 2:48.