Taha Ayah 81

طه آيه 81

الْأَسَدِيُّ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْبَرْمَكِيِّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الشَّامِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْهَاشِمِيُّ،قَالَ:سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّادِقَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،لَمَّا رَأَى حِبَالَهُمْ وَ عِصِيَّهُمْ، كَيْفَ أَوْجَسَ فِي نَفْسِهِ خِيفَةً،وَ لَمْ يُوجِسْهَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)حِينَ وُضِعَ فِي الْمَنْجَنِيقِ وَ قُذِفَ بِهِ عَلَى النَّارِ؟ فَقَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)حِينَ وُضِعَ فِي الْمَنْجَنِيقِ،كَانَ مُسْتَنِداً إِلَى مَا فِي صُلْبِهِ مِنْ أَنْوَارِ حُجَجِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)كَذَلِكَ،فَلِذَلِكَ أَوْجَسَ فِي نَفْسِهِ خِيفَةً،وَ لَمْ يُوجِسْهَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».

Translation: When Musa ibn ‘Imran, upon him be peace, saw their ropes and staffs, how did he feel a fear within himself, while Ibrahim, upon him be peace, did not feel it when he was placed in the catapult and hurled into the fire? He, upon him be peace, said: Indeed, when Ibrahim, upon him be peace, was placed in the catapult, he was relying upon the lights of the Proofs of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, that were in his loins, and Musa, upon him be peace, was not like that. For that reason he felt a fear within himself, while Ibrahim, upon him be peace, did not feel it.

99-/7022 _2-

وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي عَمِّي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ هِلاَلٍ،عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ دُكَيْنٍ،عَنْ مُعَمَّرِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: «أَتَى يَهُودِيٌّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَقَامَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ يُحِدُّ النَّظَرَ إِلَيْهِ.فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):يَا يَهُودِيُّ،مَا حَاجَتُكَ؟قَالَ:أَنْتَ أَفْضَلُ أَمْ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ النَّبِيُّ الَّذِي كَلَّمَهُ اللَّهُ،وَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ التَّوْرَاةَ وَ الْعَصَا،وَ فَلَقَ لَهُ الْبَحْرَ،وَ أَظَلَّهُ بِالْغَمَامِ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):إِنَّهُ يُكْرَهُ لِلْعَبْدِ أَنْ يُزَكِّيَ نَفْسَهُ،وَ لَكِنِّي أَقُولُ:إِنَّ آدَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لَمَّا أَصَابَ الْخَطِيئَةَ، كَانَتْ تَوْبَتَهُ أَنْ قَالَ:اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ لَمَّا غَفَرْتَهَا لِي؛فَغَفَرَهَا لَهُ،وَ إِنَّ نُوحاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لَمَّا رَكِبَ السَّفِينَةَ،وَ خَافَ الْغَرَقَ،وَ قَالَ:اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ لَمَّا أَنْجَيْتَنِي مِنَ الْغَرَقِ،فَأَنْجَاهُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ،وَ إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لَمَّا أُلْقِيَ فِي النَّارِ،قَالَ:اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ لَمَّا أَنْجَيْتَنِي مِنْهَا؛فَجَعَلَهَا اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بَرْداً وَ سَلاَماً،وَ إِنَّ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لَمَّا أَلْقَى عَصَاهُ،وَ أَوْجَسَ فِي نَفْسِهِ خِيفَةً،قَالَ:اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ لَمَّا آمَنْتَنِي؛فَقَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلاَلُهُ: لاٰ تَخَفْ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْأَعْلىٰ .

يَا يَهُودِيُّ،إِنَّ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لَوْ أَدْرَكَنِي،ثُمَّ لَمْ يُؤْمِنْ بِي وَ بِنُبُوَّتِي،مَا نَفَعَهُ إِيمَانُهُ [1] شَيْئاً وَ لاَ نَفَعَتْهُ النُّبُوَّةُ، يَا يَهُودِيُّ،وَ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِي الْمَهْدِيُّ،إِذَا خَرَجَ نَزَلَ عِيسَى بْنُ مَرْيَمَ لِنُصْرَتِهِ،فَقَدَّمَهُ وَ صَلَّى خَلْفَهُ».

99-/7022 _2- Translation: A Jew came to the Prophet, blessings of Allah be upon him and his family, and stood before him staring intently at him. The Prophet, blessings be upon him and his family, said: O Jew, what do you need? He said: Are you superior, or Musa ibn ‘Imran, the prophet whom Allah spoke to, upon whom He sent down the Torah and the staff, for whom He split the sea, and shaded with the cloud? The Prophet, blessings be upon him and his family, said to him: It is disliked for a servant to declare himself purified; but I will say: When Adam, upon him be peace, committed the sin, his repentance was that he said: O Allah, I ask You by the right of Muhammad and the family of Muhammad to forgive it for me; so He forgave it for him. And when Nuh, upon him be peace, boarded the Ark and feared drowning, he said: O Allah, I ask You by the right of Muhammad and the family of Muhammad to save me from drowning; so Allah saved him from it. And when Ibrahim, upon him be peace, was cast into the fire, he said: O Allah, I ask You by the right of Muhammad and the family of Muhammad to save me from it; so He made it for him coolness and peace. And when Musa, upon him be peace, threw down his staff and felt a fear within himself, he said: O Allah, I ask You by the right of Muhammad and the family of Muhammad to grant me safety; so Allah—majestic is His majesty—said: Do not fear; surely you are the uppermost. O Jew, if Musa, upon him be peace, were to reach my time and then did not believe in me and in my prophethood, his faith would not avail him anything, nor would prophethood benefit him. O Jew, and from my progeny is al-Mahdi: when he appears, ‘Isa son of Maryam will descend to support him; he will put him forward and pray behind him.

قوله تعالى:

وَ مَنْ يَحْلِلْ عَلَيْهِ غَضَبِي فَقَدْ هَوىٰ [81]

[Qur’an 20:81] M. H. Shakir: Eat of the good things We have given you for sustenance and do not exceed the limits in the same, lest My displeasure should be due to you; and he on whom My displeasure descends, he shall perish.

99-/7023 _1-

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنِ الْمَشْرِقِيِّ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ الْمُرْتَفِعِ،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا،قَالَ: كُنْتُ فِي مَجْلِسِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،إِذْ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ عَمْرُو بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ،فَقَالَ لَهُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: وَ مَنْ يَحْلِلْ عَلَيْهِ غَضَبِي فَقَدْ هَوىٰ مَا ذَلِكَ الْغَضَبُ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«هُوَ الْعِقَابُ يَا عَمْرُو،إِنَّهُ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ زَالَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَى شَيْءٍ،فَقَدْ وَصَفَهُ بِصِفَةِ مَخْلُوقٍ،وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لاَ يَسْتَفِزُّهُ شَيْءٌ فَيُغَيِّرَهُ».

99-/7023 _1- Translation: Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub—from several of our companions, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Barqi, from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa, from al-Mashriqi Hamzah ibn al-Murtafi‘, from some of our companions—said: I was in the gathering of Abu Ja‘far, upon him be peace, when ‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd entered upon him. He said to him: May I be your ransom, the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted: And he upon whom My wrath descends, he has surely fallen—what is that wrath? Abu Ja‘far, upon him be peace, said: It is the punishment, O ‘Amr. Indeed, whoever claims that Allah has moved from one state to another has attributed to Him the attribute of a created being; and surely Allah, Mighty and Majestic, nothing agitates Him so as to change Him.

_2) -الأمالي:4/181.

_2) -al-Amali: 4/181.

_1) -الكافي 1:5/86.

_1) -al-Kafi 1:5/86.

[1] في«ي،ط»:ما قبل اللّه منه.

[1] fi «Ya, Ta»: ma qabila-llahu minhu.

ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،رَوَاهُ فِي كِتَابِ(التَّوْحِيدِ)قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى الْيَقْطِينِيِّ،عَنِ الْمَشْرِقِيِّ،عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ،عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ،قَالَ:كُنْتُ فِي مَجْلِسِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ ذَكَرَ مِثْلَهُ بِتَغْيِيرٍ لاَ يَضُرُّ بِالْمَعْنَى.

Translation: Ibn Babawayh narrated it in his book al-Tawhid: My father, may Allah have mercy on him, narrated to me; he said: Ahmad ibn Idris narrated to us, from Ahmad ibn Abi ‘Abdillah, from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa al-Yaqtini, from al-Mashriqi, from Hamzah ibn al-Rabi‘, from one whom he mentioned. He said: I was in the gathering of Abu Ja‘far, upon him be peace—and he related the like of it with a variation that does not harm the meaning.

وَ رَوَاهُ أَيْضاً فِي(مَعَانِي الْأَخْبَارِ)بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ،إِلاَّ أَنَّ فِيهِ:عَنِ الْمَشْرِقِيِّ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ،وَ فِي آخِرِ الْحَدِيثِ:

وَ لاَ يُغَيِّرُهُ -بِالْوَاوِ-كَمَا هُوَ فِي كِتَابِ(التَّوْحِيدِ).

Translation: And he also narrated it in Ma‘ani al-Akhbar with this chain, except that in it: from al-Mashriqi Hamzah ibn al-Rabi‘; and at the end of the hadith: “and nor does anything change Him”—with the conjunction “and”—just as it is in the book al-Tawhid.

99-/7024 _2-

الْمُفِيدُ فِي(إِرْشَادِهِ)قَالَ:رَوَى الْعُلَمَاءُ أَنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ عُبَيْدٍ وَفَدَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)لِيَمْتَحِنَهُ بِالسُّؤَالِ،فَقَالَ لَهُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،مَا مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: أَ وَ لَمْ يَرَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّ السَّمٰاوٰاتِ وَ الْأَرْضَ كٰانَتٰا رَتْقاً فَفَتَقْنٰاهُمٰا،مَا هَذَا الرَّتْقُ وَ الْفَتْقُ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«كَانَتِ السَّمَاءُ رَتْقاً لاَ تُنْزِلُ الْمَطَرَ،وَ كَانَتِ الْأَرْضُ رَتْقاً لاَ تُخْرِجُ النَّبَاتَ».فَانْقَطَعَ عَمْرٌو وَ لَمْ يَجِدْ اعْتِرَاضاً،وَ مَضَى ثُمَّ عَادَ إِلَيْهِ،فَقَالَ لَهُ:أَخْبِرْنِي-جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ-عَنْ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ مَنْ يَحْلِلْ عَلَيْهِ غَضَبِي فَقَدْ هَوىٰ مَا غَضَبُ اللَّهِ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«غَضَبُ اللَّهِ عِقَابُهُ-يَا عَمْرُو-وَ مَنْ ظَنَّ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُغَيِّرُهُ شَيْءٌ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ».

99-/7024 _2- Translation: Al-Mufid in his Irshad said: The scholars have narrated that ‘Amr ibn ‘Ubayd came as a delegate to Muhammad ibn ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn, peace be upon them, to test him with questions. He said to him: May I be your ransom, what is the meaning of His, Exalted is He, saying: Have not those who disbelieve seen that the heavens and the earth were both closed up, then We opened them? What is this “closure” and “opening”? Abu Ja‘far, upon him be peace, said: The sky was closed, not sending down rain, and the earth was closed, not bringing forth vegetation. ‘Amr was silenced and found no objection, and he left and then returned to him. He said to him: Inform me—may I be your ransom—about His, Mighty and Majestic, saying: And he upon whom My wrath descends, he has surely fallen: what is the wrath of Allah? Abu Ja‘far, upon him be peace, said: The wrath of Allah is His punishment, O ‘Amr; and whoever supposes that anything can change Allah has committed disbelief.

[Qur’an 21:30] M. H. Shakir: Do not those who disbelieve see that the heavens and the earth were closed up, but We have opened them; and We have made of water everything living. Will they not then believe?

قوله تعالى:

وَ إِنِّي لَغَفّٰارٌ لِمَنْ تٰابَ وَ آمَنَ وَ عَمِلَ صٰالِحاً ثُمَّ اهْتَدىٰ [82]

[Qur’an 20:82] M. H. Shakir: And most surely I am most Forgiving to him who repents and believes and does good, then continues to follow the right direction.

99-/7025 _1-

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ السِّنْدِيِّ،عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ،جَمِيعاً،عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ،عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ،عَنْ سَدِيرٍ، قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ هُوَ دَاخِلٌ وَ أَنَا خَارِجٌ،وَ أَخَذَ بِيَدِي،ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبَلَ الْبَيْتَ،فَقَالَ:«يَا سَدِيرُ،إِنَّمَا أُمِرَ النَّاسُ أَنْ يَأْتُوا هَذِهِ الْأَحْجَارَ،فَيَطُوفُوا بِهَا،ثُمَّ يَأْتُونَا فَيُعْلِمُونَا وَلاَيَتَهُمْ لَنَا،وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: وَ إِنِّي لَغَفّٰارٌ لِمَنْ تٰابَ وَ آمَنَ وَ عَمِلَ صٰالِحاً ثُمَّ اهْتَدىٰ -ثُمَّ أَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى صَدْرِهِ-إِلَى وَلاَيَتِنَا».

99-/7025 _1- Translation: Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub—from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from Salih ibn al-Sindi, from Ja‘far ibn Bashir; and from Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa, from Ibn Faddal—all from Abu Jamilah, from Khalid ibn ‘Ammar, from Sadir—said: I heard Abu Ja‘far, upon him be peace, while he was entering and I was leaving, and he took me by the hand, then faced the House and said: O Sadir, people have only been commanded to come to these stones and circumambulate them, then to come to us and inform us of their allegiance to us. And it is the saying of Allah, Exalted: And most surely I am most Forgiving to him who repents and believes and does good, then continues to follow the right direction—then he gestured with his hand to his chest—towards our wilayah (allegiance).

_2) -الإرشاد:265.

_2) -al-Irshad: 265.

_1) -الكافي 1:3/323.

_1) -al-Kafi 1:3/323.

[1] التوحيد:1/168.

[1] al-Tawhid: 1/168.

[2] في المصدر:و لا يعزّه شيء.

[2] fi al-masdar: wa la yu‘izzuhu shay’.

[3] معاني الأخبار:1/18.

[3] Ma‘ani al-Akhbar: 1/18.

[4] الأنبياء 21:30.

[4] al-Anbiya’: 21:30.

[5] في المصدر:القطر.

[5] fi al-masdar: al-qatar.