S 3 A 140

إِلَى نَبِيِّكَ،وَ إِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَجِبْ دُعَائِي،وَ لَمْ تَغْفِرْ لِي خَطِيئَتِي،وَ أَرَدْتَ عُقُوبَتِي،فَعَجِّلْ بِنَارٍ تُحْرِقُنِي أَوْ عُقُوبَةٍ فِي الدُّنْيَا تُهْلِكُنِي،وَ خَلِّصْنِي مِنْ فَضِيحَةِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ.فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): وَ الَّذِينَ إِذٰا فَعَلُوا فٰاحِشَةً يَعْنِي الزِّنَا أَوْ ظَلَمُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ يَعْنِي بِارْتِكَابِ ذَنْبٍ أَعْظَمَ مِنَ الزِّنَا،وَ نَبْشِ الْقُبُورِ،وَ أَخْذِ الْأَكْفَانِ ذَكَرُوا اللّٰهَ فَاسْتَغْفَرُوا لِذُنُوبِهِمْ يَقُولُ:خَافُوا اللَّهَ فَعَجَّلُوا التَّوْبَةَ وَ مَنْ يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إِلاَّ اللّٰهُ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ:أَتَاكَ عَبْدِي-يَا مُحَمَّدُ-تَائِباً فَطَرَدْتَهُ،فَأَيْنَ يَذْهَبُ،وَ إِلَى مَنْ يَقْصِدُ،وَ مَنْ يَسْأَلُ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لَهُ ذَنْباً غَيْرِي؟! ثُمَّ قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ لَمْ يُصِرُّوا عَلىٰ مٰا فَعَلُوا وَ هُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ يَقُولُ:لَمْ يُقِيمُوا عَلَى الزِّنَا،وَ نَبْشِ الْقُبُورِ، وَ أَخْذِ الْأَكْفَانِ أُولٰئِكَ جَزٰاؤُهُمْ مَغْفِرَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ وَ جَنّٰاتٌ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهٰارُ خٰالِدِينَ فِيهٰا وَ نِعْمَ أَجْرُ الْعٰامِلِينَ .

English: To Your Prophet; and if You do not answer my supplication and do not forgive my sin, and You intend to punish me, then hasten upon me a fire that burns me, or a punishment in this world that destroys me, and save me from the disgrace of the Day of Resurrection. So Allah, blessed and exalted, revealed to His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): And those who when they commit an indecency—meaning fornication—or do injustice to their souls—meaning by committing a sin greater than fornication, and by exhuming graves and taking shrouds—remember Allah and ask forgiveness for their sins; He says: they feared Allah and hastened to repent; and who forgives sins but Allah? Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: Your servant has come to you—O Muhammad—repentant, and you drove him away; so where is he to go, to whom is he to turn, and who shall he ask to forgive his sin other than Me?! Then He, Mighty and Majestic, said: And do not persist in what they have done while they know; He says: they did not persist in fornication, exhuming graves, and taking shrouds. Those—their reward is forgiveness from their Lord, and Gardens beneath which rivers flow, abiding therein; and excellent is the reward of the workers.

(Qur’an 3:135–136, M. H. Shakir) And those who when they commit an indecency or do injustice to their souls remember Allah and ask forgiveness for their faults—and who forgives the faults but Allah?—and (who) do not knowingly persist in what they have done. Those—their reward is forgiveness from their Lord, and gardens beneath which rivers flow, to abide in them, and excellent is the reward of the laborers.

فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)خَرَجَ وَ هُوَ يَتْلُوهَا وَ يَتَبَسَّمُ[1].فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ:«مَنْ يَدُلُّنِي عَلَى ذَلِكَ الشَّابِّ»؟فَقَالَ مُعَاذٌ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،بَلَغَنَا أَنَّهُ فِي مَوْضِعِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا.فَمَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) بِأَصْحَابِهِ حَتَّى انْتَهَوْا إِلَى ذَلِكَ الْجَبَلِ،فَصَعِدُوا إِلَيْهِ يَطْلُبُونَ الشَّابَّ،فَإِذَا هُمْ بِالشَّابِّ قَائِمٌ بَيْنَ صَخْرَتَيْنِ،مَغْلُولَةً يَدَاهُ إِلَى عُنُقِهِ،قَدِ اسْوَدَّ وَجْهُهُ،وَ تَسَاقَطَتْ أَشْفَارُ عَيْنَيْهِ مِنَ الْبُكَاءِ،وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ:سَيِّدِي،قَدْ أَحْسَنْتَ خَلْقِي وَ أَحْسَنْتَ صُورَتِي،فَلَيْتَ شِعْرِي مَا ذَا تُرِيدُ بِي،أَ فِي النَّارِ تُحْرِقُنِي أَمْ فِي جِوَارِكَ تُسْكِنُنِي؟ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ قَدْ أَكْثَرْتَ الْإِحْسَانَ إِلَيَّ وَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ،فَلَيْتَ شِعْرِي مَاذَا يَكُونُ آخِرُ أَمْرِي،إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ تَزُفُّنِي،أَمْ إِلَى النَّارِ تَسُوقُنِي؟اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ خَطِيئَتِي أَعْظَمُ مِنَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَ الْأَرَضِينَ،وَ مِنْ كُرْسِيِّكَ الْوَاسِعِ،وَ عَرْشِكَ الْعَظِيمِ، فَلَيْتَ شِعْرِي تَغْفِرُ خَطِيئَتِي،أَمْ تَفْضَحُنِي بِهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ؟ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَقُولُ نَحْوَ هَذَا وَ هُوَ يَبْكِي وَ يَحْثُو التُّرَابَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ،وَ قَدْ أَحَاطَتْ بِهِ السِّبَاعُ،وَ صَفَّتْ فَوْقَهُ الطَّيْرُ وَ هُمْ يَبْكُونَ لِبُكَائِهِ،فَدَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فَأَطْلَقَ يَدَيْهِ مِنْ عُنُقِهِ،وَ نَفَضَ التُّرَابَ عَنْ رَأْسِهِ،وَ قَالَ:«يَا بُهْلُولُ، أَبْشِرْ فَإِنَّكَ عَتِيقُ اللَّهِ مِنَ النَّارِ»ثُمَّ قَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لِأَصْحَابِهِ:«هَكَذَا تَدَارَكُوا الذُّنُوبَ،كَمَا تَدَارَكَهَا بُهْلُولٌ»ثُمَّ تَلاَ عَلَيْهِ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهِ،وَ بَشَّرَهُ بِالْجَنَّةِ.

English: When this verse was revealed to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), he went out reciting it and smiling. He said to his companions, “Who will guide me to that young man?” Mu‘adh said, “O Messenger of Allah, it has reached us that he is in such-and-such a place.” So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) set out with his companions until they came to that mountain and climbed it looking for the young man. There he was, standing between two rocks, his hands shackled to his neck, his face blackened, the lashes of his eyes fallen from weeping, and he was saying: “My Master, You have perfected my creation and perfected my form; would that I knew what You intend for me—will You burn me in the Fire, or lodge me in Your neighborhood? O Allah, You have multiplied beneficence to me and bestowed favors upon me; would that I knew what my end will be—will You escort me to Paradise, or drive me to the Fire? O Allah, my sin is greater than the heavens and the earths and than Your vast Kursī and Your mighty Throne; would that I knew—will You forgive my sin, or will You disgrace me with it on the Day of Resurrection?” He continued saying things like this while he wept and poured dust on his head; beasts had surrounded him and birds were lined up above him weeping at his weeping. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) approached, freed his hands from his neck, brushed the dust from his head, and said, “O Buhlūl, rejoice, for you are Allah’s freed one from the Fire.” Then he (peace be upon him) said to his companions, “Deal with sins like this, as Buhlūl dealt with them.” Then he recited to him what Allah, Mighty and Majestic, had revealed about him and gave him glad tidings of Paradise.

[1] في «ط»: يتلوها في تبسّم.

[1] fi “T”: yatlūhā fī tabassum.

قوله تعالى:

إِنْ يَمْسَسْكُمْ قَرْحٌ فَقَدْ مَسَّ الْقَوْمَ قَرْحٌ مِثْلُهُ وَ تِلْكَ الْأَيّٰامُ نُدٰاوِلُهٰا بَيْنَ النّٰاسِ وَ لِيَعْلَمَ اللّٰهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ يَتَّخِذَ مِنْكُمْ شُهَدٰاءَ وَ اللّٰهُ لاٰ يُحِبُّ الظّٰالِمِينَ[140]

(Qur’an 3:140, M. H. Shakir) If a wound has afflicted you, a wound like it has also afflicted the (other) people; and these are the days which We alternate among men that Allah may know those who believe and take witnesses from among you; and Allah does not love the unjust.

99-/1925 _1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ: وَ تَآمَرَتْ قُرَيْشٌ عَلَى أَنْ يَرْجِعُوا وَ يُغِيرُوا عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ،فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):«أَيُّ رَجُلٍ يَأْتِينَا بِخَبَرِ الْقَوْمِ»فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ أَحَدٌ،فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«أَنَا آتِيكَ بِخَبَرِهِمْ»قَالَ: «اذْهَبْ،فَإِنْ كَانُوا رَكِبُوا الْخَيْلَ وَ جَنَبُوا الْإِبِلَ فَإِنَّهُمْ يُرِيدُونَ الْمَدِينَةَ،وَ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ أَرَادُوا الْمَدِينَةَ لَأُنَازِلَنَّ اللَّهَ فِيهِمْ،وَ إِنْ كَانُوا رَكِبُوا الْإِبِلَ وَ جَنَبُوا الْخَيْلَ فَإِنَّهُمْ يُرِيدُونَ مَكَّةَ». فَمَضَى أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَلَى مَا بِهِ مِنَ الْأَلَمِ وَ الْجِرَاحَاتِ حَتَّى كَانَ قَرِيباً مِنَ الْقَوْمِ،فَرَآهُمْ قَدْ رَكِبُوا الْإِبِلَ وَ جَنَبُوا الْخَيْلَ،فَرَجَعَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فَأَخْبَرَهُ،فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):«أَرَادُوا مَكَّةَ». فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)الْمَدِينَةَ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ:يَا مُحَمَّدُ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُكَ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ فِي أَثَرِ الْقَوْمِ وَ لاَ يَخْرُجْ مَعَكَ إِلاَّ مَنْ كَانَتْ بِهِ جِرَاحَةٌ.فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مُنَادِياً يُنَادِي:يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ،مَنْ كَانَتْ بِهِ جِرَاحَةٌ فَلْيَخْرُجْ،وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِهِ جِرَاحَةٌ فَلْيُقِمْ.فَأَقْبَلُوا يَضْمِدُونَ جِرَاحَاتِهِمْ وَ يُدَاوُونَهَا،فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): وَ لاٰ تَهِنُوا فِي ابْتِغٰاءِ الْقَوْمِ إِنْ تَكُونُوا تَأْلَمُونَ فَإِنَّهُمْ يَأْلَمُونَ كَمٰا تَأْلَمُونَ وَ تَرْجُونَ مِنَ اللّٰهِ مٰا لاٰ يَرْجُونَ وَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي سُورَةِ النِّسَاءِ،وَ يَجِبُ أَنْ تَكُونَ فِي هَذِهِ السُّورَةِ. قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنْ يَمْسَسْكُمْ قَرْحٌ فَقَدْ مَسَّ الْقَوْمَ قَرْحٌ مِثْلُهُ وَ تِلْكَ الْأَيّٰامُ نُدٰاوِلُهٰا بَيْنَ النّٰاسِ وَ لِيَعْلَمَ اللّٰهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ يَتَّخِذَ مِنْكُمْ شُهَدٰاءَ فَخَرَجُوا عَلَى مَا بِهِمْ مِنَ الْأَلَمِ وَ الْجِرَاحِ،فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) بِحَمْرَاءِ الْأَسَدِ،وَ قُرَيْشٌ قَدْ نَزَلَتِ الرَّوْحَاءَ،قَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ أَبِي جَهْلٍ،وَ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ،وَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ، وَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ:نَرْجِعُ فَنُغِيرُ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ،فَقَدْ قَتَلْنَا سَرَاتَهُمْ وَ كَبْشَهُمْ -يَعْنُونَ حَمْزَةَ-فَوَافَاهُمْ رَجُلٌ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَسَأَلُوهُ الْخَبَرَ،فَقَالَ:تَرَكْتُ مُحَمَّداً وَ أَصْحَابَهُ بِحَمْرَاءِ الْأَسَدِ يَطْلُبُونَكُمْ أَجَدَّ الطَّلَبِ.فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ:هَكَذَا النَّكَدُ وَ الْبَغْيُ،قَدْ ظَفِرْنَا بِالْقَوْمِ وَ بَغَيْنَا،وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَفْلَحَ قَوْمٌ قَطُّ بَغَوْا.

English: 99-/1925 _1- ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm said: Quraysh consulted together to turn back and raid Medina. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said, “Which man will bring us news of the people?” None answered him, so the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) said, “I will bring you their news.” He said, “Go. If they have mounted horses and driven the camels alongside, then they intend Medina—by Allah, if they intend Medina, I will call down Allah against them. And if they have mounted camels and led the horses, then they intend Mecca.” The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), despite his pain and wounds, went until he came near the people and saw that they had mounted camels and led the horses. He returned to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and informed him. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said, “They intend Mecca.” When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) entered Medina, Gabriel (peace be upon him) descended to him and said, “O Muhammad, Allah commands you to go out in pursuit of the people, and none should go with you except those who have wounds.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) ordered a crier to call out: “O Emigrants and Helpers, whoever has a wound, let him go out; and whoever has no wound, let him stay.” They came, binding and treating their wounds. Then Allah revealed to His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): And be not weak-hearted in pursuit of the enemy; if you suffer pain, then surely they (too) suffer pain as you suffer pain, while you hope from Allah what they do not hope. This verse is in Sūrat an-Nisā’, though it should be in this sūrah. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: If a wound touches you, surely a wound like it has touched the (other) people; and these are the days We alternate among mankind, that Allah may know those who believe and take martyrs from among you… So they went out despite their pain and wounds. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) reached Hamrā’ al-Asad, while Quraysh had encamped at ar-Rawḥā’, ‘Ikrimah ibn Abī Jahl, al-Ḥārith ibn Hishām, ‘Amr ibn al-‘Āṣ, and Khālid ibn al-Walīd said, “Let us go back and raid Medina, for we have killed their chiefs and their ram”—meaning Hamzah. Then a man who had come from Medina met them; they asked him for news, and he said, “I left Muhammad and his companions at Hamrā’ al-Asad seeking you with the utmost pursuit.” Abū Sufyān said, “Such is ill-luck and aggression; we have prevailed over the people, then we sought more—by Allah, no people who act aggressively ever prosper.”

(Qur’an 4:104, M. H. Shakir) And be not weak-hearted in pursuit of the enemy; if you are suffering then surely they (too) are suffering as you are suffering, but you hope from Allah what they do not hope; and Allah is Knowing, Wise.

فَوَافَاهُمْ نُعَيْمُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ،فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ:أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ؟قَالَ:اَلْمَدِينَةَ،لِأَمْتَارَ لِأَهْلِي طَعَاماً.قَالَ: هَلْ لَكَ أَنْ تَمُرَّ بِحَمْرَاءِ الْأَسَدِ وَ تَلْقَى أَصْحَاَبَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ تُعْلِمَهُمْ أَنَّ حُلَفَاءَنَا وَ مَوَالِيَنَا قَدْ وَافَوْنَا مِنَ الْأَحَابِيشِ حَتَّى يَرْجِعُوا عَنَّا،وَ لَكَ عِنْدِي عَشَرَةُ قَلاَئِصَ أَمْلَأُهَا تَمْراً وَ زَبِيباً؟قَالَ:نَعَمْ. فَوَافَى مِنْ غَدِ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ حَمْرَاءَ الْأَسَدِ،فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):أَيْنَ تُرِيدُونَ؟قَالُوا:قُرَيْشَ. قَالَ:اِرْجِعُوا،فَإِنَّ قُرَيْشاً قَدِ اجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ حُلَفَاؤُهُمْ،وَ مَنْ كَانَ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْهُمْ،وَ مَا أَظُنُّ إِلاَّ وَ أَوَائِلُ الْقَوْمِ قَدْ طَلَعُوا عَلَيْكُمُ السَّاعَةَ.فَقَالُوا:حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَ نِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ،مَا نُبَالِي أَنْ يَطْلَعُوا عَلَيْنَا. فَنَزَلَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فَقَالَ:اِرْجِعْ-يَا مُحَمَّدُ-فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَرْعَبَ قُرَيْشاً،وَ مَرُّوا لاَ يَلْوُونَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ.فَرَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: اَلَّذِينَ اسْتَجٰابُوا لِلّٰهِ وَ الرَّسُولِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مٰا أَصٰابَهُمُ الْقَرْحُ لِلَّذِينَ أَحْسَنُوا مِنْهُمْ وَ اتَّقَوْا أَجْرٌ عَظِيمٌ* اَلَّذِينَ قٰالَ لَهُمُ النّٰاسُ يَعْنِي نُعَيْمَ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ،فَهَذَا لَفْظُهُ عَامٌّ وَ مَعْنَاهُ خَاصٌّ إِنَّ النّٰاسَ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لَكُمْ فَاخْشَوْهُمْ فَزٰادَهُمْ إِيمٰاناً وَ قٰالُوا حَسْبُنَا اللّٰهُ وَ نِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ* فَانْقَلَبُوا بِنِعْمَةٍ مِنَ اللّٰهِ وَ فَضْلٍ لَمْ يَمْسَسْهُمْ سُوءٌ وَ اتَّبَعُوا رِضْوٰانَ اللّٰهِ وَ اللّٰهُ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَظِيمٍ.

English: Nu‘aym ibn Mas‘ūd al-Ashja‘ī then met them. Abū Sufyān said, “Where are you headed?” He replied, “To Medina, to procure provisions of food for my family.” He said, “Would you pass by Hamrā’ al-Asad and meet the companions of Muhammad and inform them that our allies and clients from the Aḥābīsh have joined us, so that they turn back from us? You shall have ten young she-camels with me, which I will load with dates and raisins.” He said, “Yes.” The next day he arrived at Hamrā’ al-Asad and said to the companions of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), “Where are you headed?” They said, “To Quraysh.” He said, “Turn back, for their allies and those who had lagged behind have joined Quraysh; I think the vanguard of the people will appear over you any moment.” They said, “Allah is sufficient for us, and excellent is the Guardian; we do not care if they appear over us.” Gabriel then descended to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and said, “Return, O Muhammad, for Allah has cast dread into Quraysh; they are passing on without turning aside to anything.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) returned to Medina, and Allah revealed: Those who responded to Allah and the Messenger after the wound had afflicted them—for those of them who did good and were Godwary is a great reward; those to whom the people said—meaning Nu‘aym ibn Mas‘ūd, for the wording is general but the meaning is specific—“Surely men have gathered against you, therefore fear them,” but it increased them in faith, and they said, “Allah is sufficient for us and excellent is the Guardian.” So they returned with favor from Allah and grace—no evil touched them—and they followed the pleasure of Allah; and Allah is the Lord of mighty grace.

(Qur’an 3:172–174, M. H. Shakir) (172) Those who responded to Allah and the Messenger after the wound had afflicted them—for those among them who do good and guard (against evil) there is a great reward. (173) Those to whom the people said: Surely men have gathered against you, therefore fear them; but this increased their faith, and they said: Allah is sufficient for us and most excellent is the Protector. (174) So they returned with favor from Allah and (His) grace, no evil touched them and they followed the pleasure of Allah; and Allah is the Lord of mighty grace.

فَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا الْمَدِينَةَ،قَالَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):مَا هَذَا الَّذِي أَصَابَنَا،وَ لَقَدْ كُنْتَ تَعِدُنَا النَّصْرَ؟ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: أَ وَ لَمّٰا أَصٰابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَيْهٰا قُلْتُمْ أَنّٰى هٰذٰا قُلْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَنْفُسِكُمْ وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ قُتِلَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ سَبْعُونَ،وَ أُسِرَ مِنْهُمْ سَبْعُونَ،وَ كَانَ الْحُكْمُ فِي الْأُسَارَى الْقَتْلَ،فَقَامَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَقَالُوا:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،هَبْهُمْ لَنَا،وَ لاَ تَقْتُلْهُمْ حَتَّى نُفَادِيَهُمْ.فَنَزَلَ بِهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ،وَ قَالَ:إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَبَاحَ لَهُمُ الْفِدَاءَ،أَنْ يَأْخُذُوا مِنْ هَؤُلاَءِ وَ يُطْلِقُوهُمْ،عَلَى أَنْ يُسْتَشْهَدَ مِنْهُمْ فِي عَامٍ قَابِلٍ بِقَدْرِ مَنْ يَأْخُذُونَ مِنْهُ الْفِدَاءَ مِنْ هَؤُلاَءِ.فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)بِهَذَا الشَّرْطِ،فَقَالُوا:قَدْ رَضِينَا بِهِ،نَأْخُذُ الْعَامَ الْفِدَاءَ مِنْ هَؤُلاَءِ وَ نَتَقَوَّى بِهِ، وَ يُقْتَلُ مِنَّا فِي عَامٍ قَابِلٍ بِعَدَدِ مَا نَأْخُذُ مِنْهُ الْفِدَاءَ وَ نَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ،فَأَخَذُوا مِنْهُمُ الْفِدَاءَ وَ أَطْلَقُوهُمْ. فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ-وَ هُوَ يَوْمُ أُحُدٍ-قُتِلَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)سَبْعُونَ،فَقَالُوا:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،مَا هَذَا الَّذِي قَدْ أَصَابَنَا،وَ قَدْ كُنْتَ تَعِدُنَا النَّصْرَ؟فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: أَ وَ لَمّٰا أَصٰابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَيْهٰا قُلْتُمْ أَنّٰى هٰذٰا قُلْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَنْفُسِكُمْ بِمَا اشْتَرَطْتُمْ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ.

English: When they entered Medina, the companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said, “What is this that has befallen us, when you used to promise us victory?” Then Allah revealed: What! when a misfortune befell you, and you had certainly afflicted (the (other) people) with twice as much, you began to say: Whence is this? Say: It is from yourselves. This was because on the Day of Badr seventy from Quraysh were killed and seventy were taken captive, and the ruling regarding captives was execution. The Helpers stood before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and said, “O Messenger of Allah, grant them to us; do not kill them, but allow us to ransom them.” Gabriel brought revelation: Allah has permitted them ransom—that they may take ransom from these and release them—on the condition that in the coming year a number from them equal to those for whom ransom is taken will be martyred. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) informed them of this condition, and they said, “We are content with it: we take ransom this year from these and strengthen ourselves with it, and next year a number of us equal to those we ransom will be killed and we will enter Paradise.” So they took ransom from them and released them. Then on this day—Uhud—seventy of the companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) were killed. They said, “O Messenger of Allah, what is this that has befallen us, when you used to promise us victory?” So Allah revealed: What! when a misfortune befell you, and you had certainly afflicted (the (other) people) with twice as much, you began to say: Whence is this? Say: It is from yourselves—because of what you stipulated on the Day of Badr.

(Qur’an 3:165, M. H. Shakir) What! when a misfortune befell you, and you had certainly afflicted (the (other) people) with twice as much, you began to say: Whence is this? Say: It is from yourselves; surely Allah has power over all things.

99-/1926 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَ تِلْكَ الْأَيّٰامُ نُدٰاوِلُهٰا بَيْنَ النّٰاسِ .

English: 99-/1926 _2- Al-‘Ayyāshī, from Zurārah, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), regarding Allah’s words: And these are the days which We alternate among men.

قَالَ:«مَا زَالَ مُنْذُ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى آدَمَ دَوْلَةٌ لِلَّهِ وَ دَوْلَةٌ لِإِبْلِيسَ،فَأَيْنَ دَوْلَةُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى،أَ مَا هُوَ إِلاَّ قَائِمٌ وَاحِدٌ؟».

English: He said: “Since Allah, exalted is He, created Adam, there has always been a dominion for Allah and a dominion for Iblīs. So where is Allah’s dominion? Is it not but one Qa’im?”

قوله تعالى:

وَ لِيُمَحِّصَ اللّٰهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ يَمْحَقَ الْكٰافِرِينَ[141]

(Qur’an 3:141, M. H. Shakir) And that Allah may purge those who believe and deprive the unbelievers of blessings.

99-/1927 _1- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْوَشَّاءِ،بِإِسْنَادٍ لَهُ يُرْسِلُهُ إِلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «وَ اللَّهِ لَتُمَحَّصُنَّ،وَ اللَّهِ لَتُمَيَّزُنَّ،وَ اللَّهِ لَتُغَرْبَلُنَّ حَتَّى لاَ يَبْقَى مِنْكُمْ إِلاَّ الْأَنْدَرُ». قُلْتُ:وَ مَا الْأَنْدَرُ؟قَالَ:«الْبَيْدَرُ،وَ هُوَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ الرَّجُلُ بَيْتَهُ الطَّعَامَ يُطَيِّنُ عَلَيْهِ،ثُمَّ يُخْرِجُهُ قَدْ أَكَلَ بَعْضُهُ بَعْضاً،فَلاَ يَزَالُ يُنَقِّيهِ،ثُمَّ يُكِنُّ عَلَيْهِ،ثُمَّ يُخْرِجُهُ،حَتَّى يَفْعَلَ ذَلِكَ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ،حَتَّى يَبْقَى مَا لاَ يَضُرُّهُ شَيْءٌ».

English: 99-/1927 _1- Al-‘Ayyāshī, from al-Ḥasan ibn ‘Alī al-Washshā’, with his chain which he sends to Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), said: “By Allah, you shall surely be purified; by Allah, you shall surely be distinguished; by Allah, you shall surely be sifted until none remains of you except the very least.” I said, “What is al-andar?” He said, “The threshing-floor: it is that a man brings food into his house and plasters over it, then brings it out and finds that some of it has consumed some; he does not cease purifying it, then stores it away, then brings it out, doing that three times, until only that remains which nothing harms.”

قوله تعالى:

أَمْ حَسِبْتُمْ أَنْ تَدْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ وَ لَمّٰا يَعْلَمِ اللّٰهُ الَّذِينَ جٰاهَدُوا مِنْكُمْ وَ يَعْلَمَ الصّٰابِرِينَ[142]

(Qur’an 3:142, M. H. Shakir) Do you think that you will enter the garden while Allah has not yet known those who strive hard from among you, and (He has not) known the patient.

99-/1928 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ دَاوُدَ الرَّقِّيِّ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: أَمْ حَسِبْتُمْ أَنْ تَدْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ وَ لَمّٰا يَعْلَمِ اللّٰهُ الَّذِينَ جٰاهَدُوا مِنْكُمْ .

English: 99-/1928 _2- Al-‘Ayyāshī, from Dāwūd ar-Raqqī, who said: I asked Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) about Allah’s words: Do you think that you will enter the Garden while Allah has not yet known those who strive hard from among you?

قَالَ:«إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا هُوَ مُكَوِّنُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُكَوِّنَهُ،وَ هُمْ ذَرٌّ،وَ عَلِمَ مَنْ يُجَاهِدُ مِمَّنْ لاَ يُجَاهِدُ،كَمَا عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ يُمِيتُ خَلْقَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُمِيتَهُمْ،وَ لَمْ يُرِهِمْ مَوْتَهُمْ وَ هُمْ أَحْيَاءٌ».

English: He said: “Allah knows best what He will bring into being before He brings it into being—they were (once) motes—and He knew who would strive and who would not strive, just as He knew He would cause His creation to die before He causes them to die, though He does not show them their death while they are alive.”

99-/1929 _3- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:رُوِيَ أَنَّ الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ الْعَاصِ كَانَ رَجُلاً أَعْسَرَ،فَحَمَلَ فِي طَرِيقِهِ إِلَى أُحُدٍ ثَلاَثَةَ أَحْجَارٍ،فَقَالَ:بِهَذِهِ أَقْتُلُ مُحَمَّداً.فَلَمَّا حَضَرَ الْقِتَالُ نَظَرَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ بِيَدِهِ السَّيْفُ،فَرَمَاهُ

English: 99-/1929 _3- ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm said: It is narrated that al-Mughīrah ibn al-‘Āṣ was left-handed. On his way to Uhud he carried three stones and said, “With these I will kill Muhammad.” When the fighting commenced, he looked at the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) with the sword in his hand and threw (the stone) at him…

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:124.

_1) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:124.

[1] (و يغيروا)ليس في المصدر.

[1] (wa yughīrū) laysa fī al-maṣdar.

[2] في المصدر:لا يأذن.

[2] fī al-maṣdar: lā ya’dhan.

[3] النّساء 4:104.

[3] an-Nisā’ 4:104.

[4] حمراء الأسد:موضع على ثمانية أميال من المدينة.«معجم البلدان 2:301».

[4] Ḥamrā’ al-Asad: mawḍi‘ ‘alā thamāniyati amīlān mina al-Madīnah. “Mu‘jam al-Buldān 2:301”.

[5] أي أشرافهم.«النهاية 2:363».

[5] ay ashrāfihim. “an-Nihāyah 2:363”.

[6] الكبش:سيّد القوم و قائدهم.«تاج العروس-كبش-4:341».

[6] al-kabsh: sayyidu al-qawmi wa qā’iduhum. “Tāj al-‘Arūs – kabsh – 4:341”.

[7] الميرة:الطعام.«تاج العروس-مير-3:552».

[7] al-mīrah: aṭ-ṭa‘ām. “Tāj al-‘Arūs – mīr – 3:552”.

_2) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:145/199.

_2) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:145/199.

_2) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:147/199.

_2) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:147/199.

_3) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:118.

_3) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:118.

[1] في «ط»:فإنّ دولة اللّه ما.

[1] fī “Ṭ”: fa-inna dawlat Allāh mā.

[2] في «س،ط»:الأندر.و في القاموس المحيط-ندر.2:145:الأندر:البيدر،أو كدس القمح.

[2] fī “S, Ṭ”: al-andar. Wa fī al-Qāmūs al-Muḥīṭ – nadr – 2:145: al-andar: al-baydar, aw kads al-qamḥ.

[3] في «س،ط»:فيه،و ما أثبتناه من نسخة من البحار 5:1/216.

[3] fī “S, Ṭ”: fīhi, wa mā athbatnāhu min nuskhatin min al-Biḥār 5:1/216.