S 2 A 228

يَعْزِمَ عَلَى الطَّلاَقِ فَيُخَلِّيَ عَنْهَا،حَتَّى إِذَا حَاضَتْ وَ تَطَهَّرَتْ مِنْ مَحِيضِهَا،طَلَّقَهَا تَطْلِيقَةً مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يُجَامِعَهَا بِشَهَادَةِ عَدْلَيْنِ،ثُمَّ هُوَ أَحَقُّ بِرَجْعَتِهَا مَا لَمْ يَمْضِ الثَّلاَثَةُ أَقْرَاءٍ».

- He resolves upon divorce, then leaves her alone, until when she menstruates and becomes pure from her menses, he divorces her with one pronouncement before having intercourse with her, in the presence of two just witnesses. Then he has a greater right to take her back so long as the three quru’ have not elapsed.

99-/1183 _11- عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ آلَى مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ-وَ الْإِيلاَءُ:أَنْ يَقُولَ الرَّجُلُ:وَ اللَّهِ،لاَ أُجَامِعُكِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا.وَ يَقُولُ:وَ اللَّهِ،لَأَغِيظَنَّكِ.ثُمَّ يُغَايِظُهَا،وَ لَأَسُوءَنَّكِ.ثُمَّ يَهْجُرُهَا فَلاَ يُجَامِعُهَا-فَإِنَّهُ يَتَرَبَّصُ بِهَا أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ،فَإِنْ فَاءَ-وَ الْإِيفَاءُ:أَنْ يُصَالِحَ- فَإِنَّ اللّٰهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَفِئْ جُبِرَ عَلَى الطَّلاَقِ،وَ لاَ يَقَعُ بَيْنَهُمَا طَلاَقٌ حَتَّى تُوقَفَ،وَ إِنْ عَزَمَ الطَّلاَقَ فَهِيَ تَطْلِيقَةٌ».

99-/1183 - From al-Halabi, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “Any man who makes ila’ against his wife—and ila’ is that a man says, ‘By Allah, I will not have intercourse with you for such and such [a time],’ and he says, ‘By Allah, I will surely vex you,’ then he vexes her, and [says] ‘I will surely cause you grief,’ then he abandons her and does not have intercourse with her—he waits for her four months. If he returns (and returning is to reconcile), then surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. But if he does not return, he is compelled to divorce. No divorce takes place between them until she is brought before [the judge]. And if he resolves upon divorce, it is counted as one pronouncement.”

99-/1184 _12- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ ،فِي رَجُلٍ آلَى مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ حَتَّى مَضَتْ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ.قَالَ:«يُوقَفُ،فَإِنْ عَزَمَ الطَّلاَقَ اعْتَدَّتِ امْرَأَتُهُ كَمَا تَعْتَدُّ الْمُطَلَّقَةُ،وَ إِنْ أَمْسَكَ فَلاَ بَأْسَ».

99-/1184 - From Abu Basir, regarding a man who made ila’ against his wife until four months had passed. He said: “He is made to appear [before the authority]. If he resolves upon divorce, his wife observes the waiting period as a divorced woman does; and if he retains [her], there is no harm.”

99-/1185 _13- عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ رَجُلٍ آلَى مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ،فَمَضَتْ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ.قَالَ:«يُوقَفُ،فَإِنْ عَزَمَ الطَّلاَقَ بَانَتْ مِنْهُ،وَ عَلَيْهَا عِدَّةُ الْمُطَلَّقَةِ،وَ إِلاَّ كَفَّرَ يَمِينَهُ وَ أَمْسَكَهَا».

99-/1185 - From Mansur ibn Hazim, who said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about a man who made ila’ against his wife, and four months passed. He said: “He is made to appear [before the authority]. If he resolves upon divorce, she becomes separated from him, and the waiting period of a divorced woman is upon her. Otherwise, he makes expiation for his oath and retains her.”

99-/1186 _14- عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ هِلاَلٍ،عَنِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: ذُكِرَ لَنَا:«أَنَّ أَجَلَ الْإِيلاَءِ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ بَعْدَ مَا يَأْتِيَانِ السُّلْطَانَ،فَإِذَا مَضَتِ الْأَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ؛فَإِنْ شَاءَ أَمْسَكَ،وَ إِنْ شَاءَ طَلَّقَ،وَ الْإِمْسَاكُ:اَلْمَسِيسُ».

99-/1186 - From al-‘Abbas ibn Hilal, from al-Rida (peace be upon him), who said: It was mentioned to us: “The term of ila’ is four months after they come before the authority. When the four months have passed, if he wishes he may retain her, and if he wishes he may divorce her; and retaining means intercourse.”

99-/1187 _15-سُئِلَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):إِذَا بَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ مِنَ الرَّجُلِ،هَلْ يَخْطُبُهَا مَعَ الْخُطَّابِ؟قَالَ:«يَخْطُبُهَا عَلَى تَطْلِيقَتَيْنِ،وَ لاَ يَقْرَبُهَا حَتَّى يُكَفِّرَ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ».

99-/1187 - Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) was asked: When a woman becomes separated from a man, may he propose to her along with the suitors? He said: “He may propose to her with two [remaining] pronouncements of divorce, but he must not approach her until he expiates for his oath.”

99-/1188 _16- عَنْ صَفْوَانَ،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي الْمُؤْلِي إِذَا أَبَى أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ.قَالَ:

«كَانَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَجْعَلُ لَهُ حَظِيرَةً مِنْ قَصَبٍ،وَ يَحْبِسُهُ فِيهَا،وَ يَمْنَعُهُ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَ الشَّرَابِ حَتَّى يُطَلِّقَ».

99-/1188 - From Safwan, from some of his companions, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding a man who makes ila’ and then refuses to divorce. He said: “Ali (peace be upon him) would have a pen made for him from reeds, imprison him in it, and deny him food and drink until he divorced.”

99-/1189 _17- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي الرَّجُلِ إِذَا آلَى مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ،فَمَضَتْ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَ لَمْ يَفِئْ،فَهِيَ مُطَلَّقَةٌ،ثُمَّ يُوقَفُ؛فَإِنْ فَاءَ فَهِيَ عِنْدَهُ عَلَى تَطْلِيقَتَيْنِ،وَ إِنْ عَزَمَ فَهِيَ بَائِنَةٌ مِنْهُ».

99-/1189 - From Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding a man who makes ila’ from his wife, and four months pass without him returning: “She is divorced. Then he is brought [before the authority]; if he returns, she remains with him with two [remaining] pronouncements of divorce; and if he resolves [upon divorce], she is separated from him irrevocably.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ الْمُطَلَّقٰاتُ يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ ثَلاٰثَةَ قُرُوءٍ وَ لاٰ يَحِلُّ لَهُنَّ أَنْ يَكْتُمْنَ مٰا خَلَقَ اللّٰهُ فِي أَرْحٰامِهِنَّ إِنْ كُنَّ يُؤْمِنَّ بِاللّٰهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ [228]

Quran 2:228 (M. H. Shakir): And the divorced women should keep themselves in waiting for three courses; and it is not lawful for them that they should conceal what Allah has created in their wombs, if they believe in Allah and the last day.

_11) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:343/113.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyāshī 1:343/113.

_12) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:344/113.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyāshī 1:344/113.

_13) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:345/113.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyāshī 1:345/113.

_14) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:346/113.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyāshī 1:346/113.

_15) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:347/113.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyāshī 1:347/113.

_16) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:348/114.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyāshī 1:348/114.

_17) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:349/114.

- Tafsir al-‘Ayyāshī 1:349/114.

مٰا خَلَقَ اللّٰهُ فِي أَرْحٰامِهِنَّ إِنْ كُنَّ يُؤْمِنَّ بِاللّٰهِ وَ الْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ[228] /1190 _1-محمّد بن يعقوب:عن عليّ بن إبراهيم،عن أبيه،عن ابن أبي عمير،عن عمر بن أذينة،عن زرارة،قال:سمعت ربيعة الرأي يقول:من رأيي الإقراء التي سمى اللّه عزّ و جلّ في القرآن:إنّما هو الطهر ما بين الحيضتين.فقال:«كذب لم يقله برأيه،و إنّما بلغه عن علي(صلوات اللّه عليه)». قلت:أصلحك اللّه،أ كان علي(عليه السلام)يقول ذلك؟فقال:«نعم،إنّما القرء الطهر،يقري فيه الدم فيجمعه، و إذا جاء المحيض دفعه».

99-/1190 _1- Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from ‘Umar ibn Udhaynah, from Zurara, who said: I heard Rabi‘at al-Ra’y say: “In my opinion, the quru’ which Allah, Mighty and Majestic, named in the Quran are the periods of purity between two menstruations.” He said: “He lied; he did not say it by his own opinion; rather it reached him from ‘Ali (blessings of Allah be upon him).” I said: May Allah set you right, did ‘Ali (peace be upon him) say that? He said: “Yes. The qur’ is the period of purity in which the blood gathers, and when menstruation comes, it expels it.”

99-/1191 _2- عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ؛وَ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ،جَمِيعاً،عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ،عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «الْقُرْءُ مَا بَيْنَ الْحَيْضَتَيْنِ».

99-/1191 _2- From him: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr; and from a number of our companions, from Sahl ibn Ziyad, from Ibn Abi Nasr—all from Jamil ibn Darraj, from Zurara, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “The qur’ is what is between two menstruations.”

99-/1192 _3- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ جَمِيلٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «الْقُرْءُ مَا بَيْنَ الْحَيْضَتَيْنِ».

99-/1192 _3- And from him: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Jamil, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “The qur’ is what is between two menstruations.”

99-/1193 _4- وَ عَنْهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ،عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ،عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «الْأَقْرَاءُ:اَلْأَطْهَارُ».

99-/1193 _4- And from him: from Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from al-Hajjal, from Tha‘labah, from Zurara, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “The aqra’ are the periods of purity.”

99-/1194 _5- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ،عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ:أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ،رَجُلٌ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ عَلَى طُهْرٍ مِنْ غَيْرِ جِمَاعٍ بِشَهَادَةِ عَدْلَيْنِ؟فَقَالَ:«إِذَا دَخَلَتْ فِي الْحَيْضَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ فَقَدِ انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا،وَ حَلَّتْ لِلْأَزْوَاجِ». قُلْتُ لَهُ:أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ،إِنَّ أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ يَرْوُونَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ)،[أَنَّهُ]قَالَ:هُوَ أَحَقُّ بِرَجْعَتِهَا مَا لَمْ تَغْتَسِلْ مِنَ الْحَيْضَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ؟فَقَالَ:«كَذَبُوا».

99-/1194 _5- And from him: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from ‘Umar ibn Udhaynah, from Zurara, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: I said to him: May Allah set you right, [regarding] a man who divorced his wife during a period of purity, without intercourse, in the presence of two just witnesses? He said: “When she enters into the third menstruation, her waiting period has ended and she is lawful for [new] husbands.” I said to him: May Allah set you right, the people of Iraq narrate from ‘Ali (blessings of Allah be upon him) that he said: He has a greater right to take her back so long as she has not bathed from the third menstruation? He said: “They have lied.”

_1) -الكافي 6:1/89.

- al-Kāfī 6:1/89.

_2) -الكافي 6:2/89.

- al-Kāfī 6:2/89.

_3) -الكافي 6:3/89.

- al-Kāfī 6:3/89.

_4) -الكافي 6:4/89.

- al-Kāfī 6:4/89.

_5) -الكافي 6:1/86.

- al-Kāfī 6:1/86.

[1] ربيعة الرأي:و هو ربيعة بن فرّوخ التيميّ بالولاء،المدني،أبو عثمان،كان يأخذ بالرأي و القياس فلقّب ربيعة الرأي،و كان صاحب فتوى في المدينة،و به تفقّه مالك بن أنس،و توفّي بالهاشميّة من أرض الأنبار في 136 ه‌.تاريخ بغداد 8:4531/420،صفوة الصفوة 2:183/148، وفيات الأعيان 2:232/288،تذكرة الحفاظ 1:153/157،تهذيب التهذيب 3:491/258.

- Rabi‘at al-Ra’y: and he is Rabi‘a ibn Farrukh al-Taymi by wala’, al-Madani, Abu ‘Uthman. He adopted opinion and qiyas, so he was nicknamed Rabi‘at al-Ra’y. He was a jurist in Madinah, and Malik ibn Anas studied jurisprudence under him. He died in al-Hashimiyyah in the land of al-Anbar in 136 AH. Tarikh Baghdad 8:4531/420; Safwat al-Safwah 2:183/148; Wafayat al-A‘yan 2:232/288; Tadhkirat al-Huffaz 1:153/157; Tahdhib al-Tahdhib 3:491/258.

[2] بعد كلمة(الحيضتين)سقط،هو:[فدخلت على أبي جعفر(عليه السّلام)فحدّثته بما قال ربيعة]بدليل الحديث(10)من تفسير هذه الآية.

- After the word “al-haydhatayn” a portion is omitted, namely: “[I entered upon Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) and informed him of what Rabi‘a said],” as supported by hadith (10) in the exegesis of this verse.

[3] في المصدر:دفقه.

- In the source: “dafaqahu” (he poured it forth).

[4] في«ط»:يطلق.

- In “T”: “yutliq” (he divorces).

99-/1195 _6- الشَّيْخُ فِي(التَّهْذِيبِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «عِدَّةُ الَّتِي تَحِيضُ وَ يَسْتَقِيمُ حَيْضُهَا ثَلاَثَةُ أَقْرَاءٍ،وَ هِيَ ثَلاَثُ حِيَضٍ». قال الشيخ:فالوجه في هذين الخبرين التقية؛لأنهما يتضمنان تفسير الأقراء بأنها الحيض،و قد بينا نحن أن الأقراء هي الأطهار. على أن قوله:«ثلاث حيض»يحتمل أن يكون إذا رأت الدم من الحيضة الثالثة؛لأنّه يكون قد مضى لها حيضتان،و ترى الدم من الثالثة،فتصير ثلاثة قروء،و ليس في الخبر أنّها تستوفي الحيضة الثالثة،انتهى كلامه.

99-/1195 _6- The Shaykh in al-Tahdhib: with his isnad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Hammad, from al-Halabi, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “The waiting period of the one who menstruates and whose menstruation is regular is three quru’, and they are three menstruations.” The Shaykh said: The way to reconcile these two reports is taqiyyah, because they include interpreting the quru’ as the menstruations, while we have explained that the quru’ are the periods of purity. Moreover, his statement “three menstruations” can be understood as when she sees the blood of the third menstruation, for two menstruations would have passed and she sees the blood of the third, making three quru’; and the report does not state that she completes the third menstruation. That is the end of his words.

99-/1196 _7- عَنْهُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ،عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «الْعِدَّةُ وَ الْحَيْضُ لِلنِّسَاءِ».

99-/1196 _7- From him: with his isnad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id, from Jamil ibn Darraj, from Zurara, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “The ‘iddah and the menstruation are [matters] for women [to determine].”

99-/1197 _8- وَ عَنْهُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ،عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ابْنِ أَبِي زِيَادٍ،عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) ،أَنَّ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ فِي امْرَأَةٍ ادَّعَتْ أَنَّهَا حَاضَتْ فِي شَهْرٍ وَاحِدٍ ثَلاَثَ حِيَضٍ.فَقَالَ:«كَلِّفُوا نِسْوَةً مِنْ بِطَانَتِهَا،أَنَّ حَيْضَهَا كَانَ فِيمَا مَضَى عَلَى مَا ادَّعَتْ،فَإِنْ شَهِدْنَ صُدِّقَتْ، وَ إِلاَّ فَهِيَ كَاذِبَةٌ». قال الشيخ في(التهذيب):الوجه في الجمع أن المرأة إذا كانت مأمونة قبل قولها في العدة و الحيض،و إذا كانت متهمة كلفت نسوة غيرها.

99-/1197 _8- And from him: with his isnad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa, from ‘Abdullah ibn al-Mughira, from Isma‘il ibn Abi Ziyad, from Ja‘far, from his father (peace be upon them), that the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) said regarding a woman who claimed that she had menstruated three times in one month: “Have women from among her intimates testify that her menstruation in the past was as she claimed. If they testify, she is to be believed; otherwise, she is lying.” The Shaykh said in al-Tahdhib: The way to reconcile is that if the woman is trustworthy, her word is accepted regarding the ‘iddah and menstruation; but if she is suspected, other women are to be tasked [to verify].

99-/1198 _9- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،وَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،قَالاَ:قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «الْقُرْءُ:مَا بَيْنَ الْحَيْضَتَيْنِ».

99-/1198 _9- Al-‘Ayyashi: from Muhammad ibn Muslim and from Zurara, who both said: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: “The qur’ is what is between two menstruations.”

99-/1199 _10- عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ رَبِيعَةَ الرَّأْيِ وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ: إِنَّ مِنْ رَأْيِي أَنَّ الْأَقْرَاءَ الَّتِي سَمَّى اللَّهُ فِي الْقُرْآنِ إِنَّمَا هِيَ الطُّهْرُ فِيمَا بَيْنَ الْحَيْضَتَيْنِ،وَ لَيْسَ بِالْحَيْضِ.قَالَ:فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَحَدَّثْتُهُ بِمَا قَالَ رَبِيعَةُ، فَقَالَ:«كَذَبَ،وَ لَمْ يَقُلْ بِرَأْيِهِ،وَ إِنَّمَا بَلَغَهُ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)». فَقُلْتُ:أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ،أَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ،كَانَ يَقُولُ:إِنَّمَا الْقُرْءُ الطُّهْرُ،تُقْرَأُ فِيهِ الدَّمُ فَتَجْمَعُهُ،فَإِذَا جَاءَتْ دَفَعَتْهُ».

99-/1199 _10- From Zurara, who said: I heard Rabi‘at al-Ra’y while he was saying: “Among my opinions is that the aqra’ which Allah named in the Quran are the periods of purity between menstruations, not the menstruations.” He said: So I entered upon Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) and informed him of what Rabi‘a said. He said: “He lied, and he did not say that by his own opinion; it only reached him from ‘Ali (peace be upon him).” I said: May Allah set you right, did ‘Ali (peace be upon him) say that? He said: “Yes, he used to say: The qur’ is the period of purity, in which the blood gathers, and when [menstruation] comes, it expels it.”

_6) -التهذيب 8:434/126.

- al-Tahdhīb 8:434/126.

_7) -التهذيب 1:1243/398.

- al-Tahdhīb 1:1243/398.

_8) -التهذيب 1:1242/398.

- al-Tahdhīb 1:1242/398.

_9) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:350/114.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:350/114.

_10) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:351/114،352.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:351/114, 352.

[1] أي هذا الخبر و الذي بعده في التهذيب 8:435/126،بنفس اللفظ،و بالإسناد عن سعد بن عبد اللّه،عن أيّوب بن نوح،عن صفوان،عن عبد اللّه بن مسكان،عن أبي بصير:الحديث.

- That is, this report and the one after it are in al-Tahdhib 8:435/126, with the same wording, and with the isnad: from Sa‘d ibn ‘Abdillah, from Ayyub ibn Nuh, from Safwan, from ‘Abdullah ibn Maskan, from Abu Basir: the hadith.

[2] في المصدر زيادة:الحيضة.

- In the source an addition appears: “al-haydah” (the menstruation).

[3] في المصدر:فإذا حاضت قذفته.

- In the source: “When she menstruates, she discharges it.”

قُلْتُ:أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ،رَجُلٌ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ،طَاهِراً مِنْ غَيْرِ جِمَاعٍ،بِشَهَادَةِ عَدْلَيْنِ؟قَالَ:«إِذَا دَخَلَتْ فِي الْحَيْضَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ،فَقَدِ انْتَقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا،وَ حَلَّتْ لِلْأَزْوَاجِ». قَالَ:قُلْتُ:إِنَّ أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ يَرْوُونَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ:هُوَ أَحَقُّ بِرَجْعَتِهَا مَا لَمْ تَغْتَسِلْ مِنَ الْحَيْضَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ؟فَقَالَ:«كَذَبُوا،وَ كَانَ يَقُولُ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):إِذَا رَأَتِ الدَّمَ مِنَ الْحَيْضَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ فَقَدِ انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا».

- I said: May Allah set you right, [regarding] a man who divorced his wife while she was pure, without intercourse, with the testimony of two just witnesses? He said: “When she enters into the third menstruation, her waiting period has ended and she is lawful for [new] husbands.” He said: I said: The people of Iraq narrate from ‘Ali (peace be upon him) that he used to say: He has a greater right to take her back so long as she has not bathed from the third menstruation? He said: “They have lied, and ‘Ali (peace be upon him) used to say: When she sees the blood of the third menstruation, her waiting period has ended.”

و فِي رِوَايَةِ رَبِيعَةِ الرَّأْيِ:«وَ لاَ سَبِيلَ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا،وَ إِنَّمَا الْقُرْءُ مَا بَيْنَ الْحَيْضَتَيْنِ،وَ لَيْسَ لَهَا أَنْ تَتَزَوَّجَ حَتَّى تَغْتَسِلَ مِنَ الْحَيْضَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ،فَإِنَّكَ إِذَا نَظَرْتَ فِي ذَلِكَ لَمْ تَجِدِ الْأَقْرَاءَ إِلاَّ ثَلاَثَةَ أَشْهُرٍ،فَإِذَا كَانَتْ لاَ تَسْتَقِيمُ مِمَّا تَحِيضُ فِي الشَّهْرِ مِرَاراً وَ فِي الشَّهْرِ مَرَّةً،كَانَتْ عِدَّتُهَا عِدَّةَ الْمُسْتَحَاضَةِ ثَلاَثَةَ أَشْهُرٍ،وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ تَحِيضُ حَيْضاً مُسْتَقِيماً،فَهُوَ فِي كُلِّ شَهْرٍ حَيْضَةٌ،بَيْنَ كُلِّ حَيْضَتَيْنِ شَهْرٌ،وَ ذَلِكَ الْقُرْءُ».

- And in the narration of Rabi‘at al-Ra’y: “There is no claim upon her; the qur’ is only what is between two menstruations; and she may not marry until she has bathed from the third menstruation. For if you consider that, you will find the quru’ to be only three months. So if she is irregular—menstruating multiple times in a month and [only] once in another month—then her waiting period is that of the mustahadah: three months. But if her menstruation is regular, then it is one menstruation in each month, with a month between each two menstruations; and that is the qur’.”

/1200 _11-عن ابن مسكان،عن أبي بصير،قال:عدة التي تحيض و تستقيم حيضها ثلاثة أقراء،و هي ثلاث حيض.

99-/1200 _11- From Ibn Maskan, from Abu Basir, who said: The waiting period of one who menstruates and whose menstruation is regular is three quru’, and they are three menstruations.

99-/1201 _12- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ: الْقُرْءُ:وَ هُوَ الطُّهْرُ،إِنَّمَا تُقْرَأُ فِيهِ الدَّمُ حَتَّى إِذَا جَاءَ الْحَيْضُ دَفَعَتْهَا.

99-/1201 _12- And from him, he said: Ahmad ibn Muhammad: The qur’—which is the period of purity—is when the blood gathers in it, until when menstruation comes it expels it.

99-/1202 _13- عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي رَجُلٍ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ،مَتَى تَبِينُ مِنْهُ؟ قَالَ:«حِينَ يَطْلُعُ الدَّمُ مِنَ الْحَيْضَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ».

99-/1202 _13- From Muhammad ibn Muslim, who said: I asked Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) about a man who divorced his wife; when does she become separated from him? He said: “When the blood emerges from the third menstruation.”

99-/1203 _14- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَ الْمُطَلَّقٰاتُ يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ ثَلاٰثَةَ قُرُوءٍ وَ لاٰ يَحِلُّ لَهُنَّ أَنْ يَكْتُمْنَ مٰا خَلَقَ اللّٰهُ فِي أَرْحٰامِهِنَّ :«يَعْنِي لاَ يَحِلُّ لَهَا أَنْ تَكْتُمَ الْحَمْلَ إِذَا طُلِّقَتْ وَ هِيَ حُبْلَى، وَ الزَّوْجُ لاَ يَعْلَمُ بِالْحَمْلِ،فَلاَ يَحِلُّ لَهَا أَنْ تَكْتُمَ حَمْلَهَا،وَ هُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهَا فِي ذَلِكَ الْحَمْلِ مَا لَمْ تَضَعْ».

99-/1203 _14- From Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) regarding His saying: “And the divorced women should keep themselves in waiting for three quru’ and it is not lawful for them to conceal what Allah has created in their wombs”: “It means it is not lawful for her to conceal pregnancy if she is divorced while pregnant and the husband is unaware of the pregnancy; it is not lawful for her to conceal her pregnancy, and he has a greater right to her in that pregnancy until she delivers.”

99-/1204 _15- عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «الْمُطَلَّقَةُ تَبِينُ عِنْدَ أَوَّلِ قَطْرَةٍ مِنَ الْحَيْضَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ».

99-/1204 _15- From Zurara, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “The divorced woman becomes separated at the first drop of the third menstruation.”

99-/1205 _16- عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي الْمَرْأَةِ إِذَا طَلَّقَهَا زَوْجُهَا،مَتَى تَكُونُ أَمْلَكَ بِنَفْسِهَا؟قَالَ:«إِذَا رَأَتِ الدَّمَ مِنَ الْحَيْضَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ فَقَدْ بَانَتْ».

99-/1205 _16- From ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi ‘Abdillah, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding a woman when her husband divorces her, when does she have full control over herself? He said: “When she sees the blood of the third menstruation, she has become separated.”

99-/1206 _17- قَالَ زُرَارَةُ:قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «الْأَقْرَاءُ:هِيَ الْأَطْهَارُ»وَ قَالَ:«الْقُرْءُ:مَا بَيْنَ حَيْضَتَيْنِ».

99-/1206 _17- Zurara said: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: “The aqra’ are the periods of purity,” and he said: “The qur’ is what is between two menstruations.”

_11) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:353/115.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:353/115.

_12) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:354/115.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:354/115.

_13) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:355/115.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:355/115.

_14) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:356/115.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:356/115.

_15) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:357/115.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:357/115.

_16) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:358/115.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:358/115.

_17) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:359/115.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:359/115.

[1] في المصدر:حيضة.

- In the source: “haydah” (a menstruation).

قوله تعالى:

وَ لَهُنَّ مِثْلُ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ لِلرِّجٰالِ عَلَيْهِنَّ دَرَجَةٌ وَ اللّٰهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ [228]

Quran 2:228 (M. H. Shakir): and they (women) have rights similar to those against them in a just manner, and men have a degree over them; and Allah is Mighty, Wise.

99-/1207 _1- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ فِي(الْفَقِيهِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَقَالَتْ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،مَا حَقُّ الزَّوْجِ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ؟ فَقَالَ لَهَا:تُطِيعُهُ وَ لاَ تَعْصِيهِ،وَ لاَ تَتَصَدَّقُ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا شَيْئاً إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ،وَ لاَ تَصُومُ تَطَوُّعاً إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ،وَ لاَ تَمْنَعُهُ نَفْسَهَا، وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ عَلَى ظَهْرِ قَتَبٍ،وَ لاَ تَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ،فَإِنْ خَرَجَتْ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ لَعَنَتْهَا مَلاَئِكَةُ السَّمَاءِ وَ مَلاَئِكَةُ الْأَرْضِ وَ مَلاَئِكَةُ الْغَضَبِ وَ مَلاَئِكَةُ الرَّحْمَةِ حَتَّى تَرْجِعَ إِلَى بَيْتِهَا. فَقَالَتْ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،مَنْ أَعْظَمُ النَّاسِ حَقّاً عَلَى الرَّجُلِ؟قَالَ:وَالِدَاهُ. قَالَتْ:فَمَنْ أَعْظَمُ النَّاسِ حَقّاً عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ؟قَالَ:زَوْجُهَا. قَالَتْ:فَمَا لِي مِنَ الْحَقِّ عَلَيْهِ مِثْلُ مَا لَهُ عَلَيَّ؟قَالَ:لاَ،وَ لاَ مِنْ كُلِّ مِائَةٍ وَاحِدَةٌ. فَقَالَتْ:وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً لاَ يَمْلِكُ رَقَبَتِي رَجُلٌ أَبَداً».

99-/1207 _1- Ibn Babawayh in al-Faqih: with his isnad from al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Malik ibn ‘Atiyyah, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “A woman came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) and said: O Messenger of Allah, what is the husband’s right over the woman? He said to her: She obeys him and does not disobey him; she gives no charity from his house except with his permission; she does not fast a voluntary fast except with his permission; and she does not refuse him herself, even if she is on the back of a bare pack-saddle; and she does not leave his house except with his permission. If she goes out without his permission, the angels of heaven and the angels of earth, the angels of wrath and the angels of mercy, curse her until she returns to her house. She said: O Messenger of Allah, who has the greatest right over a man? He said: His parents. She said: Who has the greatest right over a woman? He said: Her husband. She said: So do I have over him a right equal to that which he has over me? He said: No, not even one out of a hundred. She said: By Him Who sent you with the truth as a Prophet, no man will ever own my neck.”

/1208 _2-و في(تفسير عليّ بن إبراهيم)قال:حق الرجال على النساء أفضل من حقّ النساء على الرجال.

99-/1208 _2- And in (Tafsir ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim) he said: The right of men over women is greater than the right of women over men.

قوله تعالى:

اَلطَّلاٰقُ مَرَّتٰانِ فَإِمْسٰاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسٰانٍ [229]

Quran 2:229 (M. H. Shakir): Divorce may be (pronounced) twice; then keep (them) in good fellowship or let (them) go with kindness.

99-/1209 _3- الشَّيْخُ فِي(التَّهْذِيبِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَلِيٍّ الْأَشْعَرِيِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ،وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ،وَ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ الرَّزَّازِ،عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ نُوحٍ؛وَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،جَمِيعاً،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ،عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «طَلاَقُ

99-/1209 _3- The Shaykh in al-Tahdhib: with his isnad from Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub, from Abu ‘Ali al-Ash‘ari, from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar, and Muhammad ibn Ja‘far, and Abu al-‘Abbas al-Razzaz, from Ayyub ibn Nuh; and from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father—all from Ibn Abi Najran, from Safwan ibn Yahya, from Ibn Maskan, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “The divorce…” (continues).

_1) -من لا يحضر الفقيه 3:1314/276.

- Man lā yaḥḍuruhu al-Faqīh 3:1314/276.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:74.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:74.

_3) -التهذيب 8:82/25.

- al-Tahdhīb 8:82/25.

[1] القتب:رحل صغير على قدر السّنام.«الصحاح-قتب-1:198».

- al-qatab: a small saddle just fitting the hump. Al-Sihah – “qatab” – 1:198.

[2] في«ط»:والده.

- In “T”: “walidahu” (his father).