An-Nahl Ayah 91-96

قَالَ: «وَلاَيَةَ فُلاَنٍ وَ فُلاَنٍ».

Translation: “The allegiance of so-and-so and so-and-so.”

99-/6135 _6- عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ،قَالَ: خَرَجَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ،وَ هُمْ يَتَذَاكَرُونَ الْمُرُوءَةَ.فَقَالَ:«أَيْنَ أَنْتُمْ،أَ نَسِيتُمْ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ قُرْآناً ذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ؟»قَالُوا:يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،فِي أَيِّ مَوْضِعٍ؟قَالَ:«فِي قَوْلِهِ: إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَ الْإِحْسٰانِ وَ إِيتٰاءِ ذِي الْقُرْبىٰ وَ يَنْهىٰ عَنِ الْفَحْشٰاءِ وَ الْمُنْكَرِ فَالْعَدْلُ:اَلْإِنْصَافُ،وَ الْإِحْسَانُ:اَلتَّفَضُّلُ».

[قوله تعالى: إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَالْإِحْسَانِ... — النحل 16:90]

[Qur’an 16:90 — M. H. Shakir: Surely Allah enjoins the doing of justice and the doing of good (to others) and the giving to the kindred, and He forbids indecency and evil and rebellion; He admonishes you that you may be mindful.]

Translation: 99-/6135 _6- ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthmān reports: ‘Ali (peace be upon him) came out to his companions while they were discussing manliness (muru’ah). He said: “Where are you going with this? Have you forgotten a Qur’an that mentions it?” They asked: “O Commander of the Faithful, in which place?” He said: “In His saying: Surely Allah enjoins the doing of justice and the doing of good (to others) and the giving to the kindred, and He forbids indecency and evil and rebellion. Justice means fairness, and beneficence means graciousness.”

99-/6136 _7- عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ،وَ كَانَ دَاعِيَةَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ [1]،عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ أَبِي الْغَدِيرِ،عَنْ عَطَاءٍ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَ الْإِحْسٰانِ وَ إِيتٰاءِ ذِي الْقُرْبىٰ .

قَالَ:«الْعَدْلُ:شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ،وَ الْإِحْسَانُ:وَلاَيَةُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ يَنْهَى عَنِ الْفَحْشَاءِ:اَلْأَوَّلِ، وَ الْمُنْكَرِ:اَلثَّانِي،وَ الْبَغْيِ:اَلثَّالِثِ».

[قوله تعالى: إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ... — النحل 16:90]

[Qur’an 16:90 — M. H. Shakir: Surely Allah enjoins the doing of justice and the doing of good (to others) and the giving to the kindred, and He forbids indecency and evil and rebellion; He admonishes you that you may be mindful.]

Translation: 99-/6136 _7- From ‘Āmir ibn Kathīr—who was the caller on behalf of al-Husayn ibn ‘Ali [1]—from Mūsā ibn Abī al-Ghadīr, from ‘Atā’ al-Hamdānī, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him) regarding Allah’s saying: Surely Allah enjoins justice, beneficence, and giving to the near of kin. He said: “Justice is the testimony that there is no god but Allah; beneficence is the guardianship (wilāyah) of the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him); and He forbids indecency—meaning the first (one), evil—the second, and rebellion—the third.”

99-/6137 _8- وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ سَعْدٍ الْإِسْكَافِ،عَنْهُ،قَالَ: «يَا سَعْدُ إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَ هُوَ مُحَمَّدٌ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) فَمَنْ أَطَاعَهُ فَقَدْ عَدَلَ وَ الْإِحْسٰانِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَمَنْ تَوَلاَّهُ فَقَدْ أَحْسَنَ،وَ الْمُحْسِنُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ، وَ إِيتٰاءِ ذِي الْقُرْبىٰ فَمِنْ قَرَابَتِنَا،أَمَرَ اللَّهُ الْعِبَادَ بِمَوَدَّتِنَا وَ إِيتَائِنَا،وَ نَهَاهُمْ عَنِ الْفَحْشَاءِ وَ الْمُنْكَرِ،مَنْ بَغَى عَلَيْنَا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ دَعَا إِلَى غَيْرِنَا».

[قوله تعالى: إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ... — النحل 16:90]

[Qur’an 16:90 — M. H. Shakir: Surely Allah enjoins the doing of justice and the doing of good (to others) and the giving to the kindred, and He forbids indecency and evil and rebellion; He admonishes you that you may be mindful.]

Translation: 99-/6137 _8- And in the narration of Sa‘d al-Iskāf, from him: “O Sa‘d, ‘Surely Allah enjoins justice’—that is Muhammad (may Allah bless him and his Family); whoever obeys him has acted justly. ‘And beneficence’—that is ‘Ali (peace be upon him); whoever takes him as guardian has done good, and the doer of good is in Paradise. ‘And giving to the near of kin’—that means our kinship; Allah has commanded the servants to love us and to give to us. And He forbade indecency and evil—meaning whoever transgresses against us, the People of the House, and calls to other than us.”

99-/6138 _9- الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الدَّيْلَمِيُّ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى عَطِيَّةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَ الْإِحْسٰانِ وَ إِيتٰاءِ ذِي الْقُرْبىٰ وَ يَنْهىٰ عَنِ الْفَحْشٰاءِ وَ الْمُنْكَرِ وَ الْبَغْيِ .

قَالَ:«الْعَدْلُ:شَهَادَةُ الْإِخْلاَصِ،وَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ الْإِحْسَانُ:وَلاَيَةُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ الْإِتْيَانُ بِطَاعَتِهِمَا(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمَا).وَ إِيتَاءُ ذِي الْقُرْبَى:اَلْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ الْأَئِمَّةُ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)، وَ يَنْهىٰ عَنِ الْفَحْشٰاءِ وَ الْمُنْكَرِ وَ الْبَغْيِ وَ هُوَ مَنْ ظَلَمَهُمْ وَ قَتَلَهُمْ وَ مَنَعَ حُقُوقَهُمْ وَ مُوَالاَةُ أَعْدَائِهِمْ،فَهُوَ الْمُنْكَرُ الشَّنِيعُ وَ الْأَمْرُ الْفَظِيعُ».

[قوله تعالى: إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ... — النحل 16:90]

[Qur’an 16:90 — M. H. Shakir: Surely Allah enjoins the doing of justice and the doing of good (to others) and the giving to the kindred, and He forbids indecency and evil and rebellion; He admonishes you that you may be mindful.]

Translation: 99-/6138 _9- Al-Hasan ibn Abī al-Hasan al-Daylamī, with his isnād to ‘Atiyyah ibn al-Hārith, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), about His saying Most High: Surely Allah enjoins justice, beneficence, and giving to the near of kin, and He forbids indecency, evil, and rebellion. He said: “Justice is the testimony of sincerity and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his Family). Beneficence is the guardianship of the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon them), and compliance with their obedience (peace be upon them). Giving to the near of kin means al-Hasan and al-Husayn and the Imams from their progeny (peace be upon them). And He forbids indecency, evil, and rebellion—namely whoever wronged them, killed them, withheld their rights, and the allegiance to their enemies—that is the heinous evil and the dreadful matter.”

قوله تعال:

وَ أَوْفُوا بِعَهْدِ اللّٰهِ إِذٰا عٰاهَدْتُمْ وَ لاٰ تَنْقُضُوا الْأَيْمٰانَ بَعْدَ تَوْكِيدِهٰا وَ قَدْ جَعَلْتُمُ اللّٰهَ عَلَيْكُمْ كَفِيلاً إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَعْلَمُ مٰا تَفْعَلُونَ* وَ لاٰ تَكُونُوا كَالَّتِي نَقَضَتْ غَزْلَهٰا مِنْ بَعْدِ قُوَّةٍ أَنْكٰاثاً -إلى قوله تعالى- مٰا عِنْدَكُمْ يَنْفَدُ وَ مٰا عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ بٰاقٍ [91-96]

[النحل 16:91-96 — ترجمة شاكر]

[Qur’an 16:91 — And fulfill the covenant of Allah when you have made a covenant, and do not break the oaths after making them fast, and you have indeed made Allah a surety for you; surely Allah knows what you do.

Qur’an 16:92 — And do not be like her who unravels her yarn, disintegrating it into pieces, after she has spun it strongly, by taking your oaths to be means of deceit between you because one nation is more numerous than another nation; Allah only tries you by this, and He will most certainly make clear to you on the resurrection day that about which you differed.

Qur’an 16:93 — And if Allah please He would certainly make you a single nation, but He causes to err whom He pleases and guides whom He pleases; and most certainly you will be questioned as to what you did.

Qur’an 16:94 — And do not take your oaths for a means of deceit between you, lest a foot should slip after its stability and you should taste evil because you hinder (men) from the way of Allah, and grievous punishment be your (lot).

Qur’an 16:95 — And do not take a small price for Allah’s covenant; surely what is with Allah is better for you, did you but know.

Qur’an 16:96 — What is with you passes away and what is with Allah is enduring; and We will most certainly give to those who are patient their reward for the best of what they did.]

99-/6139 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ،عَنْ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ يُونُسَ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ الْهِلاَلِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ:سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: «لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ وَلاَيَةُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):سَلِّمُوا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.فَكَانَ مِمَّا أَكَّدَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمَا فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ-يَا زَيْدُ-قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)لَهُمَا:قُومَا فَسَلِّمَا عَلَيْهِ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.فَقَالاَ:أَ مِنَ اللَّهِ أَوْ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ،يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟فَقَالَ لَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ؛فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لاٰ تَنْقُضُوا الْأَيْمٰانَ بَعْدَ تَوْكِيدِهٰا وَ قَدْ جَعَلْتُمُ اللّٰهَ عَلَيْكُمْ كَفِيلاً إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَعْلَمُ مٰا تَفْعَلُونَ يَعْنِي قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) لَهُمَا،وَ قَوْلَهُمَا:أَ مِنَ اللَّهِ أَوْ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ وَ لاٰ تَكُونُوا كَالَّتِي نَقَضَتْ غَزْلَهٰا مِنْ بَعْدِ قُوَّةٍ أَنْكٰاثاً تَتَّخِذُونَ أَيْمٰانَكُمْ دَخَلاً بَيْنَكُمْ أَنْ تَكُونَ أَئِمَّةٌ هِيَ أَزْكَى مِنْ أَئِمَّتِكُمْ.

قَالَ:قُلْتُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،أَئِمَّةٌ؟قَالَ:«إِي وَ اللَّهِ أَئِمَّةٌ».قُلْتُ:فَإِنَّا نَقْرَأُ أَرْبَى؟فَقَالَ:«وَيْحَكَ،مَا أَرْبَى؟!-وَ أَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ فَطَرَحَهَا- إِنَّمٰا يَبْلُوكُمُ اللّٰهُ بِهِ يَعْنِي بِعَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ لَيُبَيِّنَنَّ لَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيٰامَةِ مٰا كُنْتُمْ فِيهِ تَخْتَلِفُونَ* وَ لَوْ شٰاءَ اللّٰهُ لَجَعَلَكُمْ أُمَّةً وٰاحِدَةً وَ لٰكِنْ يُضِلُّ مَنْ يَشٰاءُ وَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشٰاءُ وَ لَتُسْئَلُنَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَمّٰا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ * وَ لاٰ تَتَّخِذُوا أَيْمٰانَكُمْ دَخَلاً بَيْنَكُمْ فَتَزِلَّ قَدَمٌ بَعْدَ ثُبُوتِهٰا يَعْنِي بَعْدَ مَقَالَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فِي عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ تَذُوقُوا السُّوءَ بِمٰا صَدَدْتُمْ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ يَعْنِي بِهِ عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ لَكُمْ عَذٰابٌ عَظِيمٌ ».

[النحل 16:91-94 — ترجمة شاكر أعلاه]

Translation: 99-/6139 _1- Muhammad ibn Ya‘qūb—through his chain—reports from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him): “When the guardianship (wilāyah) of ‘Ali ibn Abī Tālib (peace be upon him) was revealed, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his Family) said: ‘Greet ‘Ali with the leadership of the believers.’ Among what Allah confirmed upon those two on that day—O Zayd—was the Messenger of Allah’s saying to them: ‘Rise and greet him as the Commander of the Faithful.’ They said: ‘Is it from Allah or from His Messenger, O Messenger of Allah?’ He said to them: ‘From Allah and from His Messenger.’ So Allah, Mighty and Majestic, revealed: And do not break the oaths after making them fast, and you have indeed made Allah a surety for you; surely Allah knows what you do (i.e., the statement of the Messenger to them, and their saying: Is it from Allah or from His Messenger?), and: And do not be like her who unravels her yarn after having made it strong, by taking your oaths as a means of deceit between you—‘that there be imams purer than your imams.’ I said: ‘May I be your ransom—imams?’ He said: ‘Yes, by Allah, imams.’ I said: ‘But we read “arba”?’ He said: ‘Woe to you, what is arba?!’—and he gestured with his hand, dismissing it—‘Allah is only trying you by him, meaning by ‘Ali (peace be upon him). And He will most certainly make clear to you on the Day of Resurrection that about which you differed; and if Allah pleased He would have made you one community, but He leads astray whom He wills and guides whom He wills; and you shall surely be questioned on the Day of Resurrection as to what you used to do. And do not take your oaths for a means of deceit between you, lest a foot should slip after its stability—meaning after the Prophet’s statement about ‘Ali (peace be upon him)—and you taste evil because you hindered from the way of Allah—meaning by that ‘Ali (peace be upon him)—and yours shall be a great punishment.’”

99-/6140 _2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،رَفَعَهُ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «لَمَّا نَزَلَتِ الْوَلاَيَةُ،وَ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)بِغَدِيرِ خُمٍّ:سَلِّمُوا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.فَقَالُوا:أَ مِنَ اللَّهِ أَوْ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ؟فَقَالَ:

اللَّهُمَّ نَعَمْ،حَقّاً مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ.فَقَالَ:إِنَّهُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ إِمَامُ الْمُتَّقِينَ،وَ قَائِدُ الْغُرِّ الْمُحَجَّلِينَ،يُقْعِدُهُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى الصِّرَاطِ،فَيُدْخِلُ أَوْلِيَاءَهُ الْجَنَّةَ،وَ يُدْخِلُ أَعْدَاءَهُ النَّارَ.وَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ لاٰ تَنْقُضُوا الْأَيْمٰانَ بَعْدَ تَوْكِيدِهٰا وَ قَدْ جَعَلْتُمُ اللّٰهَ عَلَيْكُمْ كَفِيلاً إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَعْلَمُ مٰا تَفْعَلُونَ يَعْنِي:قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ.ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ لَهُمْ مَثَلاً،فَقَالَ: وَ لاٰ تَكُونُوا كَالَّتِي نَقَضَتْ غَزْلَهٰا مِنْ بَعْدِ قُوَّةٍ أَنْكٰاثاً تَتَّخِذُونَ أَيْمٰانَكُمْ دَخَلاً بَيْنَكُمْ ».

[النحل 16:91-92 — ترجمة شاكر أعلاه]

Translation: 99-/6140 _2- ‘Ali ibn Ibrāhīm said: My father narrated to me, raising it (to its source): Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) said: “When the wilāyah was revealed, and among the words of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his Family) at Ghadīr Khumm was: ‘Greet ‘Ali with the leadership of the believers,’ they said: ‘Is it from Allah or from His Messenger?’ He said: ‘O Allah, yes—truly from Allah and from His Messenger.’ Then he said: ‘He is the Commander of the Faithful, the Imam of the pious, the leader of the bright-marked; Allah will seat him on the bridge (al-sirāt) on the Day of Resurrection; he will admit his friends to Paradise and his enemies to the Fire.’ Then Allah, Mighty and Majestic, revealed: And do not break the oaths after making them fast… surely Allah knows what you do—meaning the Prophet’s saying: ‘From Allah and His Messenger.’ Then He struck for them a parable: And do not be like her who unravels her yarn after having made it strong, taking your oaths as a means of deceit between you.”

99-/6141 _3- ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «الَّتِي نَقَضَتْ غَزْلَهَا:اِمْرَأَةٌ مِنْ بَنِي تَيْمِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ يُقَالُ لَهَا رَيْطَةُ بِنْتُ كَعْبِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ تَيْمِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيِّ بْنِ غَالِبٍ،كَانَتْ حَمْقَاءَ تَغْزِلُ الشَّعْرَ،فَإِذَا غَزَلَتْهُ نَقَضَتْهُ ثُمَّ عَادَتْ فَغَزَلَتْهُ،فَقَالَ اللَّهُ: كَالَّتِي نَقَضَتْ غَزْلَهٰا مِنْ بَعْدِ قُوَّةٍ أَنْكٰاثاً تَتَّخِذُونَ أَيْمٰانَكُمْ دَخَلاً بَيْنَكُمْ -قَالَ-إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَمَرَ بِالْوَفَاءِ وَ نَهَى عَنْ نَقْضِ الْعَهْدِ،فَضَرَبَ لَهُمْ مَثَلاً».

[النحل 16:92 — ترجمة شاكر أعلاه]

Translation: 99-/6141 _3- Then ‘Ali ibn Ibrāhīm said: And in the narration of Abū al-Jārūd, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him): “She who unraveled her yarn was a woman from Banī Taym ibn Murrah named Raytah bint Ka‘b ibn Sa‘d ibn Taym ibn Ka‘b ibn Lu’ayy ibn Ghālib. She was foolish—she would spin hair, and when she had spun it, she would undo it and then spin it again. So Allah said: Like her who unravels her yarn after it has been made strong… You take your oaths as a means of deceit between you—Allah blessed and exalted commanded fulfillment and forbade breaking the covenant, and He struck for them a parable.”

99-/6142 _4- نَرْجِعُ إِلَى رِوَايَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:فِي قَوْلِهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «أَنْ تَكُونَ أَئِمَّةٌ هِيَ أَزْكَى مِنْ أَئِمَّتِكُمْ».فَقِيلَ:يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،نَحْنُ نَقْرَأُهَا: هِيَ أَرْبىٰ مِنْ أُمَّةٍ .قَالَ:«وَيْحَكَ،وَ مَا أَرْبَى؟!-وَ أَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ فَطَرَحَهَا- إِنَّمٰا يَبْلُوكُمُ اللّٰهُ بِهِ يَعْنِي بِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَخْتَبِرُكُمْ وَ لَيُبَيِّنَنَّ لَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيٰامَةِ مٰا كُنْتُمْ فِيهِ تَخْتَلِفُونَ* وَ لَوْ شٰاءَ اللَّهُ لَجَعَلَكُمْ أُمَّةً وٰاحِدَةً -قَالَ-عَلَى مَذْهَبٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ أَمْرٍ وَاحِدٍ وَ لٰكِنْ يُضِلُّ مَنْ يَشٰاءُ -قَالَ-يُعَذِّبُ بِنَقْضِ الْعَهْدِ وَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشٰاءُ -قَالَ-يُثِيبُ وَ لَتُسْئَلُنَّ عَمّٰا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ* وَ لاٰ تَتَّخِذُوا أَيْمٰانَكُمْ دَخَلاً بَيْنَكُمْ -قَالَ-هُوَ مَثَلٌ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): فَتَزِلَّ قَدَمٌ بَعْدَ ثُبُوتِهٰا يَعْنِي بَعْدَ مَقَالَةِ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فِيهِ وَ تَذُوقُوا السُّوءَ بِمٰا صَدَدْتُمْ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ يَعْنِي عَنْ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ لَكُمْ عَذٰابٌ عَظِيمٌ ».

Translation: 99-/6142 _4- We return to the report of ‘Ali ibn Ibrāhīm. He said, regarding his (peace be upon him) statement: “That there be imams purer than your imams.” It was said: “O son of the Messenger of Allah, we read it: that one nation be more numerous than another nation (arba).” He said: “Woe to you—what is arba?!”—and he gestured with his hand, dismissing it—“Allah only tries you by him, meaning ‘Ali ibn Abī Tālib (peace be upon him), testing you. And He will most certainly make clear to you on the Day of Resurrection that about which you differed. And if Allah pleased He would have made you one community”—he said: “upon one path and one affair”—“but He leads astray whom He wills”—he said: “He punishes for breaking the covenant”—“and He guides whom He wills”—he said: “He rewards.” “And you shall surely be questioned about what you used to do. And do not take your oaths as a means of deceit between you”—he said: “This is a parable concerning the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him): ‘lest a foot should slip after its stability’—meaning after the Prophet’s statement about him—‘and you taste evil because you hindered from the way of Allah’—meaning from ‘Ali (peace be upon him)—‘and yours shall be a great punishment.’”

وَ لاٰ تَشْتَرُوا بِعَهْدِ اللّٰهِ ثَمَناً قَلِيلاً… مٰا عِنْدَكُمْ يَنْفَدُ وَ مَا عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ بَاقٍ [النحل 16:95-96 — M. H. Shakir: given above]

99-/6143 _5- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ:سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: «لَمَّا سَلَّمُوا عَلَى عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)لِلْأَوَّلِ:قُمْ فَسَلِّمْ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.فَقَالَ:أَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ،يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟فَقَالَ:نَعَمْ،مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ؛ثُمَّ قَالَ لِصَاحِبِهِ:قُمْ فَسَلِّمْ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.

فَقَالَ:أَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ؟قَالَ:نَعَمْ،مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ؛ثُمَّ قَالَ:يَا مِقْدَادُ،قُمْ فَسَلِّمْ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ-قَالَ -فَقَامَ وَ سَلَّمَ،وَ لَمْ يَقُلْ مَا قَالَ صَاحِبَاهُ؛ثُمَّ قَالَ:قُمْ-يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ-فَسَلِّمْ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.فَقَامَ وَ سَلَّمَ؛ثُمَّ قَالَ:

قُمْ-يَا سَلْمَانُ-وَ سَلِّمْ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.فَقَامَ وَ سَلَّمَ».

قَالَ:«حَتَّى إِذَا خَرَجَا،وَ هُمَا يَقُولاَنِ:لاَ وَ اللَّهِ،لاَ نُسَلِّمُ لَهُ مَا قَالَ أَبَداً،فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ: وَ لاٰ تَنْقُضُوا الْأَيْمٰانَ بَعْدَ تَوْكِيدِهٰا وَ قَدْ جَعَلْتُمُ اللّٰهَ عَلَيْكُمْ كَفِيلاً بِقَوْلِكُمْ:أَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَ مِنْ رَسُولِهِ؟ إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَعْلَمُ مٰا تَفْعَلُونَ* وَ لاٰ تَكُونُوا كَالَّتِي نَقَضَتْ غَزْلَهٰا مِنْ بَعْدِ قُوَّةٍ أَنْكٰاثاً تَتَّخِذُونَ أَيْمٰانَكُمْ دَخَلاً بَيْنَكُمْ أَنْ تَكُونَ أَئِمَّةٌ هِيَ أَزْكَى مِنْ أَئِمَّتِكُمْ».

قَالَ:قُلْتُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،إِنَّمَا نَقْرَؤُهَا أَنْ تَكُونَ أُمَّةٌ هِيَ أَرْبىٰ مِنْ أُمَّةٍ فَقَالَ:«وَيْحَكَ-يَا زَيْدُ-وَ مَا أَرْبَى؟! أَنْ تَكُونَ أَئِمَّةٌ هِيَ أَزْكَى مِنْ أَئِمَّتِكُمْ إِنَّمٰا يَبْلُوكُمُ اللّٰهُ بِهِ يَعْنِي عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ لَيُبَيِّنَنَّ لَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيٰامَةِ مٰا كُنْتُمْ فِيهِ تَخْتَلِفُونَ*

وَ لَوْ شٰاءَ اللّٰهُ لَجَعَلَكُمْ أُمَّةً وٰاحِدَةً وَ لٰكِنْ يُضِلُّ مَنْ يَشٰاءُ وَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشٰاءُ وَ لَتُسْئَلُنَّ عَمّٰا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ* وَ لاٰ تَتَّخِذُوا أَيْمٰانَكُمْ دَخَلاً بَيْنَكُمْ فَتَزِلَّ قَدَمٌ بَعْدَ ثُبُوتِهٰا بَعْدَ مَا سَلَّمْتُمْ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ تَذُوقُوا السُّوءَ بِمٰا صَدَدْتُمْ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ يَعْنِي عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ لَكُمْ عَذٰابٌ عَظِيمٌ ».

ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي:«لَمَّا أَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)بِيَدِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَأَظْهَرَ وَلاَيَتَهُ،قَالاَ جَمِيعاً:وَ اللَّهِ،لَيْسَ هَذَا مِنْ تِلْقَاءِ اللَّهِ،وَ مَا هُوَ إِلاَّ شَيْءٌ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُشَرِّفَ بِهِ ابْنَ عَمِّهِ.فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَوْ تَقَوَّلَ عَلَيْنٰا بَعْضَ الْأَقٰاوِيلِ* لَأَخَذْنٰا مِنْهُ بِالْيَمِينِ* ثُمَّ لَقَطَعْنٰا مِنْهُ الْوَتِينَ* فَمٰا مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ عَنْهُ حٰاجِزِينَ* وَ إِنَّهُ لَتَذْكِرَةٌ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ* وَ إِنّٰا لَنَعْلَمُ أَنَّ مِنْكُمْ مُكَذِّبِينَ يَعْنِي فُلاَناً وَ فُلاَناً وَ إِنَّهُ لَحَسْرَةٌ عَلَى الْكٰافِرِينَ* وَ إِنَّهُ لَحَقُّ الْيَقِينِ يَعْنِي عَلِيّاً(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فَسَبِّحْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الْعَظِيمِ » [1].

[الحاقة 69:44-52 — ترجمة شاكر]

[Qur’an 69:44-52 — And if he had fabricated against Us some of the sayings, We would certainly have seized him by the right hand, Then We would certainly have cut off his aorta: And not one of you could have withheld Us from him. And most surely it is a reminder for those who guard (against evil). And most surely We know that there are some among you that rejecters. And most surely it is a great grief to the unbelievers. And most surely it is the true certainty. Therefore glorify the name of your Lord, the Great.]

Translation: 99-/6143 _5- Al-‘Ayyāshī—through Zayd ibn al-Jahm—from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) said: “When they greeted ‘Ali (peace be upon him) as Commander of the Faithful, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his Family) said to the first: ‘Rise and greet ‘Ali as Commander of the Faithful.’ He said: ‘Is it from Allah and from His Messenger, O Messenger of Allah?’ He said: ‘Yes, from Allah and from His Messenger.’ Then he said to his companion: ‘Rise and greet ‘Ali as Commander of the Faithful.’ He said: ‘Is it from Allah and from His Messenger?’ He said: ‘Yes, from Allah and from His Messenger.’ Then he said: ‘O Miqdād, rise and greet ‘Ali as Commander of the Faithful.’ He rose and greeted without saying what his two companions said. Then he said: ‘Rise, O Abū Dharr, and greet ‘Ali as Commander of the Faithful.’ He rose and greeted. Then he said: ‘Rise, O Salmān, and greet ‘Ali as Commander of the Faithful.’ He rose and greeted.” He said: “When the two left, saying: ‘No, by Allah, we will never concede to him what he said,’ Allah, blessed and exalted, revealed to His Prophet: And do not break the oaths after making them fast… because of your saying: ‘Is it from Allah and from His Messenger?’ Surely Allah knows what you do; and: And be not like her who unravels her yarn… ‘that there be imams purer than your imams.’ I said: ‘May I be your ransom, we only read: that one nation be more numerous than another nation.’ He said: ‘Woe to you, O Zayd—what is arba?! It is: that there be imams purer than your imams. Allah is only trying you by him—meaning ‘Ali (peace be upon him)—and He will most certainly make clear to you on the Day of Resurrection that about which you differed; and if Allah pleased He would have made you one community, but He leads astray whom He wills and guides whom He wills, and you shall surely be questioned about what you used to do; and do not take your oaths as a means of deceit between you, lest a foot should slip after its stability—after you had greeted ‘Ali (peace be upon him) as Commander of the Faithful—and you taste evil because you hindered from the way of Allah—meaning ‘Ali (peace be upon him)—and yours shall be a great punishment.’” Then he said to me: “When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his Family) took the hand of ‘Ali (peace be upon him) and manifested his wilāyah, the two of them both said: ‘By Allah, this is not from Allah; it is nothing but something he wished to honor his cousin with.’ So Allah revealed to him: And if he had fabricated against Us some of the sayings… Therefore glorify the name of your Lord, the Great [Qur’an 69:44-52],” meaning so-and-so and so-and-so; and “it is the true certainty,” meaning ‘Ali (peace be upon him).

99-/6144 _6- عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ الْأَشَلِّ،عَنْهُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «الَّتِي نَقَضَتْ غَزْلَهَا مِنْ بَعْدِ قُوَّةٍ أَنْكَاثاً عَائِشَةُ هِيَ نَكَثَتْ أَيْمَانَهَا».

[النحل 16:92 — ترجمة شاكر أعلاه]

Translation: 99-/6144 _6- From ‘Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Sālim al-Ashal, from him (peace be upon him): “She who unraveled her yarn after strength—this was ‘Ā’ishah; she broke her oaths.”

قوله تعالى:

مَنْ عَمِلَ صٰالِحاً مِنْ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثىٰ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَلَنُحْيِيَنَّهُ حَيٰاةً طَيِّبَةً [97]

[النحل 16:97 — M. H. Shakir: Whoever does good, whether male or female, and he is a believer — We will most certainly make him live a happy life, and We will most certainly give them their reward for the best of what they did.]

99-/6145 _1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ: القنوع بما رزقه اللّه.

Translation: 99-/6145 _1- ‘Ali ibn Ibrāhīm said: “(A) wholesome life means contentment with what Allah has provided.”

99-/6146 _2- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: قِيلَ لَهُ:إِنَّ أَبَا الْخَطَّابِ يَذْكُرُ عَنْكَ أَنَّكَ قُلْتَ لَهُ:إِذَا عَرَفْتَ الْحَقَّ فَاعْمَلْ مَا شِئْتَ.

فَقَالَ:«لَعَنَ اللَّهُ أَبَا الْخَطَّابِ-وَ اللَّهِ-مَا قُلْتُ لَهُ هَكَذَا،وَ لَكِنِّي قُلْتُ:إِذَا عَرَفْتَ الْحَقَّ فَاعْمَلْ مَا شِئْتَ مِنْ خَيْرٍ يُقْبَلُ مِنْكَ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: مَنْ عَمِلَ صٰالِحاً مِنْ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثىٰ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَأُولٰئِكَ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ يُرْزَقُونَ فِيهٰا بِغَيْرِ حِسٰابٍ [2]وَ يَقُولُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: مَنْ عَمِلَ صٰالِحاً مِنْ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثىٰ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَلَنُحْيِيَنَّهُ حَيٰاةً طَيِّبَةً ».

[غافر 40:40 — M. H. Shakir: Whoever does good, whether male or female, and he is a believer, these shall enter the garden, in which they shall be given sustenance without measure. النحل 16:97 — as above]

Translation: 99-/6146 _2- Ibn Bābawayh said: Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn al-Walīd (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us, he said: Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Saffār narrated to us, he said: Aḥmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Īsā narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Abī ‘Umayr, from some of his companions, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him). He said: It was said to him: “Abū al-Khaṭṭāb reports from you that you told him: ‘When you know the truth, do whatever you wish.’” He said: “May Allah curse Abū al-Khaṭṭāb—by Allah, I did not say that to him! Rather, I said: ‘When you know the truth, then do whatever good you wish—it will be accepted from you.’ Surely Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: Whoever does good, whether male or female, and he is a believer—these shall enter the Garden, in which they shall be given sustenance without measure [Qur’an 40:40]; and He, blessed and exalted, says: Whoever does good, whether male or female, and he is a believer—We will most certainly make him live a happy life [Qur’an 16:97].”

المراجع:

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:61/267. Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:61/267.

_7) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:62/267. Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:62/267.

_8) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:63/268. Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:63/268.

_9) -تأويل الآيات 1:20/261،عنه البحار 24:7/188. Ta’wīl al-Āyāt 1:20/261; ‘anhu al-Biḥār 24:7/188.

_1) -الكافي 1:1/231. al-Kāfī 1:1/231.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:389. Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:389.

_3) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:389. Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:389.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:389. Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:389.

_5) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 2:64/268. Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:64/268.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:65/269. Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:65/269.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:390. Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:390.

_2) -معاني الأخبار:26/388. Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār: 26/388.

حواشٍ:

[1] هو الحسين بن عليّ بن الحسن(المثلّث)بن الحسن(المثنّى)بن الحسن بن عليّ بن أبي طالب(عليهما السلام)المعروف بصاحب فخّ.مقاتل الطالبيين:285،الأعلام للزركل 2:244.

[1] Huwa al-Ḥusayn ibn ‘Alī ibn al-Ḥasan (al-muthallath) ibn al-Ḥasan (al-muthannā) ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (‘alayhimā al-salām) al-ma‘rūf bi-Ṣāḥib Fakhkh. Maqātil al-Ṭālibiyyīn: 285; al-A‘lām li-l-Ziriklī 2:244.

[2] (فمن)ليس في المصدر.

[2] (fa-min) laysa fī al-maṣdar.