S 2 A 280

قوله تعالى:

وَ إِنْ كٰانَ ذُو عُسْرَةٍ فَنَظِرَةٌ إِلىٰ مَيْسَرَةٍ وَ أَنْ تَصَدَّقُوا خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ[280]

Qur’an 2:280 (M. H. Shakir): And if (the debtor) is in straitness, then let there be postponement until (he is in) ease, and that you remit (it) as alms is better for you, if you knew.

99-/1539)

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ يَحْيَى ابْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «صَعِدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)الْمِنْبَرَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ، فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَ أَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَ صَلَّى عَلَى أَنْبِيَائِهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ)،ثُمَّ قَالَ:أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ لِيُبَلِّغِ الشَّاهِدُ مِنْكُمُ الْغَائِبَ،أَلاَ وَ مَنْ أَنْظَرَ مُعْسِراً،كَانَ لَهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ صَدَقَةٌ بِمِثْلِ مَالِهِ حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ».

ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): وَ إِنْ كٰانَ ذُو عُسْرَةٍ فَنَظِرَةٌ إِلىٰ مَيْسَرَةٍ وَ أَنْ تَصَدَّقُوا خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ مُعْسِرٌ،فَتَصَدَّقُوا عَلَيْهِ بِمَالِكُمْ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ».

Translation: Muhammad b. Ya‘qub, from several of our companions, from Sahl b. Ziyad, from al-Hasan b. Mahbub, from Yahya b. ‘Abdillah, from al-Hasan b. al-Hasan, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) ascended the pulpit one day. He praised Allah and extolled Him and invoked blessings upon His prophets (peace be upon them), then said: O people, let those present convey to those absent. Behold, whoever grants respite to one in hardship, there is for him with Allah, Mighty and Majestic, every day a charity equal to his wealth, until he recovers it in full. Then Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) said: “And if (the debtor) is in straitness, then let there be postponement until (he is in) ease; and that you remit (it) as alms is better for you, if you knew: meaning if you know that he is in hardship, then give charity to him from your wealth—for that is better for you.”

99-/1540)

عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ،عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَزِيرَةِ يُكَنَّى أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلَ الرِّضَا(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ)رَجُلٌ وَ أَنَا أَسْمَعُ،فَقَالَ لَهُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: وَ إِنْ كٰانَ ذُو عُسْرَةٍ فَنَظِرَةٌ إِلىٰ مَيْسَرَةٍ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ هَذِهِ النَّظِرَةِ الَّتِي ذَكَرَهَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي كِتَابِهِ،لَهَا حَدٌّ يُعْرَفُ إِذَا صَارَ هَذَا الْمُعْسِرُ[إِلَيْهِ]لاَ بُدَّ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يُنْظَرَ،وَ قَدْ أَخَذَ مَالَ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ وَ أَنْفَقَهُ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ،وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ غَلَّةٌ يُنْتَظَرُ إِدْرَاكُهَا،وَ لاَ دَيْنٌ يُنْتَظَرُ مَحِلُّهُ،وَ لاَ مَالٌ غَائِبٌ يُنْتَظَرُ قُدُومُهُ؟ قَالَ:«نَعَمْ،يُنْتَظَرُ بِقَدْرِ مَا يَنْتَهِي خَبَرُهُ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ،فَيَقْضِي عَنْهُ مَا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ سَهْمِ الْغَارِمِينَ إِذَا كَانَ أَنْفَقَهُ فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،فَإِنْ كَانَ أَنْفَقَهُ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ فَلاَ شَيْءَ لَهُ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ».

قُلْتُ:فَمَا لِهَذَا الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي ائْتَمَنَهُ وَ هُوَ لاَ يَعْلَمُ فَمَا أَنْفَقَهُ،فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ أَمْ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ؟قَالَ:«يَسْعَى لَهُ فِي مَالِهِ فَيَرُدُّهُ وَ هُوَ صَاغِرٌ».

Translation: From him, from Muhammad b. Yahya, from Muhammad b. al-Husayn, from Muhammad b. Sulayman, from a man of the people of al-Jazirah known as Abu Muhammad, who said: A man asked al-Rida (peace be upon him) while I was listening. He said to him: May I be your ransom! Allah, Blessed and Exalted, says: “And if (the debtor) is in straitness, then let there be postponement until (he is in) ease.” Inform me about this deferment mentioned by Allah in His Book—does it have a defined limit by which, when this insolvent person reaches it, he must be granted respite? He has taken this man’s wealth and spent it on his dependents, and he has no produce expected to mature, nor a debt expected to fall due, nor absent wealth expected to arrive. He said: Yes. He is to be granted respite until the matter reaches the Imam, who will pay on his behalf from the share for debtors (sahm al-gharimin) if he spent it in obedience to Allah, Mighty and Majestic. But if he spent it in disobedience to Allah, then he has no claim upon the Imam. I said: What about the man who entrusted him with the wealth, not knowing whether he spent it in obedience to Allah or in disobedience? He said: He must endeavor to recover his wealth from him, and it shall be returned while he is humbled.

99-/1541)

عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ،عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ،عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ جُدْعَانَ،عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ،عَنْ عَائِشَةَ،أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ:سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)يَقُولُ:

«مَا مِنْ غَرِيمٍ ذَهَبَ بِغَرِيمِهِ إِلَى وَالٍ مِنْ وُلاَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَ اسْتَبَانَ لِلْوَالِي عُسْرَتُهُ إِلاَّ بَرِئَ هَذَا الْمُعْسِرُ مِنْ دَيْنِهِ،وَ صَارَ دَيْنُهُ عَلَى وَالِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِيمَا فِي يَدَيْهِ مِنْ أَمْوَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ».

Translation: ‘Ali b. Ibrahim said: My father narrated to me, from al-Sakuni, from Malik b. al-Mughira, from Hammad b. Salamah, from ‘Ali b. Zayd b. Jud‘an, from Sa‘id b. al-Musayyab, from ‘A’ishah, that she said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) say: There is no creditor who takes his debtor to a governor among the governors of the Muslims, and the governor ascertains his insolvency, except that this insolvent one is absolved of his debt, and his debt becomes upon the governor of the Muslims from what is in his hands of the Muslims’ funds.

_1) -الكافي 4:4/35.

-kāfī, 4:4/35.

_2) -الكافي 5:5/93.

-kāfī, 5:5/93.

_3) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:94.

-tafsīr al-Qummī, 1:94.

[1] في«س و ط»:عن جرعان،و في المصدر:عن جذعان،و الصواب ما أثبتناه،روى عن سعيد،و روى عنه حمّاد،أنظر تهذيب الكمال 7:255 و 11:69،و تهذيب التهذيب 7:322.

-fī “S wa ṭ”: ‘an Jir‘ān, wa fī al-maṣdar: ‘an Jadh‘ān, wa al-ṣawāb mā athbatnāhu, rawā ‘an Sa‘īd, wa rawā ‘anhu Ḥammād. Unẓur Tahdhīb al-Kamāl 7:255 wa 11:69, wa Tahdhīb al-Tahdhīb 7:322.

وَ قَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«وَ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مَالٌ أَخَذَهُ وَ لَمْ يُنْفِقْهُ فِي إِسْرَافٍ أَوْ مَعْصِيَةٍ فَعَسُرَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَقْضِيَهُ، فَعَلَى مَنْ لَهُ الْمَالُ أَنْ يُنْظِرَهُ حَتَّى يَرْزُقَهُ اللَّهُ فَيَقْضِيَهُ،وَ إِنْ كَانَ الْإِمَامُ الْعَادِلُ قَائِماً فَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ عَنْهُ دَيْنَهُ،لِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):مَنْ تَرَكَ مَالاً فَلِوَرَثَتِهِ،وَ مَنْ تَرَكَ دَيْناً أَوْ ضَيَاعاً فَعَلَى الْإِمَامِ مَا ضَمِنَهُ الرَّسُولُ،وَ إِنْ كَانَ صَاحِبُ الْمَالِ مُوسِراً وَ تَصَدَّقَ بِمَالِهِ عَلَيْهِ،أَوْ تَرَكَهُ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَهُ وَ أَنْ تَصَدَّقُوا خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ ».

Translation: And he (peace be upon him) said: Whoever has over a man some wealth which he took and did not spend in extravagance or disobedience, and he finds it difficult to repay, then the one to whom the wealth is owed must grant him respite until Allah provides for him and he repays. And if the just Imam is in authority, it is upon him to pay his debt, due to the saying of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family): “Whoever leaves wealth, it is for his heirs; and whoever leaves a debt or dependents, it is upon the Imam.” And if the creditor is affluent and gives his wealth to him as charity, or leaves it, that is better for him—“and that you remit (it) as alms is better for you, if you knew.”

99-/1542)

الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ الدُّهْنِيِّ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ:«قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): مَنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُظِلَّهُ اللَّهُ فِي ظِلِّ عَرْشِهِ يَوْمَ لاَ ظِلَّ إِلاَّ ظِلُّهُ،فَلْيُنْظِرْ مُعْسِراً،أَوْ لِيَدَعْ لَهُ مِنْ حَقِّهِ».

Translation: Al-‘Ayyashi: from Mu‘awiyah b. ‘Ammar al-Duhni, who said: I heard Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) say: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said: Whoever wishes that Allah shade him with the shade of His Throne on the day when there is no shade but His shade, let him grant respite to one in hardship, or remit part of his due.

99-/1543)

عَنْ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:«قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يَقِيَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ نَفَحَاتِ جَهَنَّمَ،فَلْيُنْظِرْ مُعْسِراً،أَوْ لِيَدَعْ لَهُ مِنْ حَقِّهِ».

Translation: From Abu al-Jarud, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said: Whoever would be pleased that Allah protect him from the blasts of Hell, let him grant respite to one in hardship, or remit part of his due.

99-/1544)

عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): أَنَّ أَبَا الْيُسْرِ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ مِنْ بَنِي سَلَمَةَ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):«أَيُّكُمْ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَنْفَصِلُ مِنْ فَوْرِ جَهَنَّمَ؟»فَقَالَ الْقَوْمُ:نَحْنُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ.فَقَالَ:«مَنْ أَنْظَرَ غَرِيماً أَوْ وَضَعَ لِمُعْسِرٍ».

Translation: From al-Qasim b. Sulayman, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): that Abu al-Yusr, a man from the Ansar of Banu Salamah, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said: Which of you loves to be made distant forthwith from Hell? The people said: We do, O Messenger of Allah. He said: Whoever grants respite to a debtor, or grants reduction to one in hardship.

99-/1545)

عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):مَا لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَبْلُغَ مِنْ غَرِيمِهِ؟ قَالَ:«لاَ يَبْلُغُ بِهِ شَيْئاً اللَّهُ أَنْظَرَهُ».

Translation: From Ishaq b. ‘Ammar, who said: I said to Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): To what extent may a man press his debtor? He said: He may not press him at all—Allah has granted him respite.

99-/1546)

عَنْ أَبَانٍ،عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ:«قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فِي يَوْمٍ حَارٍّ:

مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يُظِلَّهُ اللَّهُ فِي ظِلِّ عَرْشِهِ يَوْمَ لاَ ظِلَّ إِلاَّ ظِلُّهُ،فَلْيُنْظِرْ غَرِيماً أَوْ لِيَدَعْ لِمُعْسِرٍ».

Translation: From Aban, from one who informed him, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said on a hot day: Whoever would be pleased that Allah shade him with the shade of His Throne on the day when there is no shade but His shade, let him grant respite to a debtor, or grant reduction to one in hardship.

99-/1547)

عَنْ حَنَانِ بْنِ سَدِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «يَبْعَثُ اللَّهُ أَقْوَاماً مِنْ تَحْتِ الْعَرْشِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ،وُجُوهُهُمْ مِنْ نُورٍ،وَ لِبَاسُهُمْ مِنْ نُورٍ،وَ رِيَاشُهُمْ مِنْ نُورٍ،جُلُوساً عَلَى كَرَاسِيَّ مِنْ نُورٍ».

قَالَ:«فَيُشْرِفُ اللَّهُ لَهُمُ الْخَلْقَ فَيَقُولُونَ:هَؤُلاَءِ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ؛فَيُنَادِي مُنَادٍ مِنْ تَحْتِ الْعَرْشِ:هَؤُلاَءِ لَيْسُوا بِأَنْبِيَاءَ».

قَالَ:«فَيَقُولُونَ:هَؤُلاَءِ شُهَدَاءُ؟»قَالَ:«فَيُنَادِي مُنَادٍ مِنْ تَحْتِ الْعَرْشِ:لَيْسَ هَؤُلاَءِ شُهَدَاءَ،وَ لَكِنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ قَوْمٌ

يُيَسِّرُونَ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،وَ يُنْظِرُونَ الْمُعْسِرَ حَتَّى يَيْسَرَ».

Translation: From Hanan b. Sadir, from his father, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: Allah will raise up people from beneath the Throne on the Day of Resurrection— their faces are of light, their garments are of light, and their furnishings are of light—seated upon chairs of light. He said: Allah will cause the creation to look up to them, and they will say: These are the prophets! Then a caller will call out from beneath the Throne: These are not prophets. He said: They will say: These are martyrs? He said: A caller will call out from beneath the Throne: These are not martyrs. Rather, these are people who made things easy for the believers and granted respite to those in hardship until they were relieved.

99-/1548)

عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ،عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ،قَالَ: ثَلاَثَةٌ يُظِلُّهُمُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ[يَوْمَ]لاَ ظِلَّ إِلاَّ ظِلُّهُ:رَجُلٌ دَعَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ ذَاتُ حُسْنِ إِلَى نَفْسِهَا فَتَرَكَهَا،وَ قَالَ:إِنِّي أَخَافُ اللَّهَ رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ.وَ رَجُلٌ أَنْظَرَ مُعْسِراً أَوْ تَرَكَ لَهُ مِنْ حَقِّهِ وَ رَجُلٌ مُعَلَّقٌ قَلْبُهُ بِحُبِّ الْمَسَاجِدِ، وَ أَنْ تَصَدَّقُوا خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ يَعْنِي أَنْ تَصَدَّقُوا بِمَالِكُمْ عَلَيْهِ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ،فَلْيَدَعْ [مُعْسِراً]أَوْ لِيَدَعْ لَهُ مِنْ حَقِّهِ نَظَراً.

قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):مَنْ أَنْظَرَ مُعْسِراً كَانَ لَهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ صَدَقَةٌ، بِمِثْلِ مَا لَهُ عَلَيْهِ،حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَ حَقَّهُ».

Translation: From Ibn Sinan, from Abu Hamzah, who said: Three people Allah will shade on the Day of Resurrection—the day when there is no shade except His shade: a man whom a beautiful woman invited to herself, but he left her and said, “Indeed I fear Allah, the Lord of the worlds”; and a man who granted respite to one in hardship or left to him part of his right; and a man whose heart is attached to the love of the mosques. “And that you remit (it) as alms is better for you” means: that you give him from your wealth—that is better for you. So let him grant respite to one in hardship, or let him leave to him part of his right by way of consideration. Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said: Whoever grants respite to one in hardship, there is for him with Allah, each day, a charity equal to what is due to him, until he takes his right in full.

99-/1549)

عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ،عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَزِيرَةِ،قَالَ: سَأَلَ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)رَجُلٌ،فَقَالَ لَهُ:

جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: فَنَظِرَةٌ إِلىٰ مَيْسَرَةٍ ،فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ هَذِهِ النَّظِرَةِ الَّتِي ذَكَرَهَا اللَّهُ،لَهَا حَدٌّ يُعْرَفُ إِذَا صَارَ هَذَا الْمُعْسِرُ لاَ بُدَّ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يُنْتَظَرَ،وَ قَدْ أَخَذَ مَالَ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ وَ أَنْفَقَ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ،وَ لَيْسَ لَهُ غَلَّةٌ يُنْتَظَرُ إِدْرَاكُهَا،وَ لاَ دَيْنٌ يُنْتَظَرُ مَحِلُّهُ،وَ لاَ مَالٌ غَائِبٌ يُنْتَظَرُ قُدُومُهُ؟ قَالَ:«يُنْتَظَرُ بِقَدْرِ مَا يَنْتَهِي خَبَرُهُ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ،فَيَقْضِي عَنْهُ مَا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ سَهْمِ الْغَارِمِينَ إِذَا كَانَ أَنْفَقَهُ فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ،فَإِنْ كَانَ أَنْفَقَهُ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ فَلاَ شَيْءَ لَهُ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ».

قُلْتُ:فَمَا لِهَذَا الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي ائْتَمَنَهُ،وَ هُوَ لاَ يَعْلَمُ فِيمَ أَنْفَقَهُ فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ أَوْ فِي مَعْصِيَةٍ؟قَالَ:«يَسْعَى لَهُ فِي مَالِهِ فَيَرُدُّهُ وَ هُوَ صَاغِرٌ».

Translation: From ‘Umar b. Sulayman, from a man of the people of al-Jazirah, who said: A man asked al-Rida (peace be upon him): May I be your ransom! Allah, Blessed and Exalted, says: “Then there shall be postponement until ease.” Inform me about this deferment that Allah mentioned—does it have a defined limit by which this insolvent must be granted respite? He has taken this man’s wealth and spent it on his dependents, and he has no produce expected to mature, no debt expected to fall due, and no absent wealth expected to arrive. He said: He is to be granted respite until the matter reaches the Imam, who will pay on his behalf from the share for debtors if he spent it in obedience to Allah. But if he spent it in disobedience to Allah, then he has no claim upon the Imam. I said: What about the one who entrusted him, not knowing whether he spent it in obedience to Allah or in disobedience? He said: He must endeavor to recover his wealth from him, and it shall be returned while he is humbled.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:513/153.

-tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī, 1:513/153.

_5) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:514/154.

-tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī, 1:514/154.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:515/154.

-tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī, 1:515/154.

_7) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:516/154.

-tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī, 1:516/154.

_8) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:517/154.

-tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī, 1:517/154.

_9) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:518/154.

-tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī, 1:518/154.

[1] في الحديث سقط واضح،تجده كاملا في أمالي المفيد:7/315،و أمالي الطوسيّ 1:81 و 2:74،و أسد الغابة 4:245 و في سنده:غانم بن سليمان عن عون بن عبد اللّه. و أبو اليسر هو كعب بن عمرو الأنصاري السّلمي،هو الذي أسر العبّاس بن عبد المطلب،و شهد صفّين مع عليّ(عليه السّلام).أنظر ترجمته في مستدرك الحاكم 3:505،و سير أعلام النبلاء 2:537.

-fī al-ḥadīth saqṭ wāḍiḥ, tajiduhu kāmilan fī Amālī al-Mufīd 7:315, wa Amālī al-Ṭūsī 1:81 wa 2:74, wa Asad al-Ghābah 4:245; wa fī isnadihi: Ghānim b. Sulaymān ‘an ‘Awn b. ‘Abd Allāh. Wa Abū al-Yusr huwa Ka‘b b. ‘Amr al-Anṣārī al-Sulamī, huwa alladhī asara al-‘Abbās b. ‘Abd al-Muṭṭalib, wa shahida Ṣiffīn ma‘a ‘Alī (alayhi al-salām). Unẓur tarjamatahu fī Mustadrak al-Ḥākim 3:505, wa Siyar A‘lām al-Nubalā’ 2:537.

[2] في«ط»:فوج.

-fī “Ṭ”: fawj.

قوله تعالى:

وَ اتَّقُوا يَوْماً تُرْجَعُونَ فِيهِ إِلَى اللّٰهِ ثُمَّ تُوَفّٰى كُلُّ نَفْسٍ مٰا كَسَبَتْ وَ هُمْ لاٰ يُظْلَمُونَ[281]

Qur’an 2:281 (M. H. Shakir): And guard yourselves against a day in which you shall be returned to Allah; then every soul shall be paid back in full what it has earned, and they shall not be dealt with unjustly.

99-/1550)

ابْنُ شَهْرَآشُوبَ،قَالَ: فِي(أَسْبَابِ النُّزُولِ)عَنِ الْوَاحِدِيِّ،أَنَّهُ رَوَى عِكْرِمَةُ،عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ،قَالَ:

لَمَّا أَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مِنْ غَزْوَةِ حُنَيْنٍ،وَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ سُورَةَ الْفَتْحِ،قَالَ:يَا عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ،وَ يَا فَاطِمَةُ إِذٰا جٰاءَ نَصْرُ اللّٰهِ وَ الْفَتْحُ... إِلَى آخِرِ السُّورَةِ.

Translation: Ibn Shahrashub said: In Asbab al-Nuzul from al-Wahidi, that ‘Ikrimah narrated from Ibn ‘Abbas, who said: When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) returned from the expedition of Hunayn, and Allah revealed Surat al-Fath, he said: O ‘Ali b. Abi Talib, and O Fatimah: “When there comes the help of Allah and the victory...” to the end of the surah.

_1) -المناقب 1:234.

-al-Manāqib, 1:234.

[1] النصر 1/110.

-al-Naṣr 110:1.