S 29 Ayat 27 to 35
قوله تعالى:
وَ آتَيْنٰاهُ أَجْرَهُ فِي الدُّنْيٰا -إلى قوله تعالى- لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ
(Surah Al-ʿAnkabūt, 29:27-35)
And We granted him his reward in this world, and most surely in the hereafter he will be among the righteous. And (We sent) Lut when he said to his people: Most surely you are guilty of an abomination which none of the nations has done before you; What! do you come to the males and commit robbery on the highway, and you commit evil deeds in your assemblies? But his people gave no answer except that they said: Bring on us Allah's punishment if you are one of the truthful. He said: My Lord! help me against the mischievous people. And when Our messengers came to Ibrahim with good news, they said: Surely we are going to destroy the people of this town, for its people are unjust. He said: Surely Lut is in it. They said: We know well who is in it: we shall certainly deliver him and his followers, except his wife; she shall be of those who remain behind. And when Our messengers came to Lut, he was grieved for them, and he was unable to protect them; and they said: Fear not, nor grieve: surely we will deliver you and your followers, except your wife; she shall be of those who remain behind. Surely We will cause to come down upon the people of this town punishment from heaven because they transgressed. And certainly We have left a clear sign of it for a people who understand.
[27-35] /8266 _1-علي بن إبراهيم، وَ تَأْتُونَ فِي نٰادِيكُمُ الْمُنْكَرَ قال:هم قوم لوط،كان يضرط بعضهم على بعض.
[27-35] /8266 _1- ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm regarding:
وَ تَأْتُونَ فِي نٰادِيكُمُ الْمُنْكَرَ (And you commit evil deeds in your assemblies) [Surah Al-ʿAnkabūt, 29:29, M. H. Shakir]
He said: They are the people of Lūṭ; they used to pass wind (يضرط) at each other in their gatherings (as a form of indecent behavior and mockery).
99-/8267 _2- الشَّيْخُ فِي(التَّهْذِيبِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَى الصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَبْصَرَ رَجُلاً يَحْذِفُ [2] بِحَصَاةٍ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ،فَقَالَ:مَا زَالَتْ تَلْعَنُ حَتَّى وَقَعَتْ.ثُمَّ قَالَ:اَلْخَذْفُ [3] فِي النَّادِي مِنْ أَخْلاَقِ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ،ثُمَّ تَلاَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): وَ تَأْتُونَ فِي نٰادِيكُمُ الْمُنْكَرَ قَالَ:هُوَ الْخَذْفُ».
99-/8267 _2- Al-Shaykh in (Al-Tahdhīb), through his chain to al-Ṣādiq (peace be upon him):
"Indeed, the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) saw a man flicking pebbles in the mosque. So he said: 'It continues to be cursed until it lands.' Then he said: 'Flicking pebbles (الخذف) in gatherings is among the behaviors of the people of Lūṭ.' Then he (peace be upon him) recited: وَ تَأْتُونَ فِي نٰادِيكُمُ الْمُنْكَرَ (And you commit evil deeds in your assemblies) [Surah Al-ʿAnkabūt, 29:29, M. H. Shakir] He said: 'This refers to flicking pebbles (الخذف).'"
/8268 _3-وعَنْهُ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ،عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنِي زِيَادُ ابْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ وَ أَنَا حَاضِرٌ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْحَمَّامِ،أَوْ يَغْتَسِلُ فَيَتَوَشَّحُ وَ يَلْبَسُ قَمِيصَهُ فَوْقَ الْإِزَارِ فَيُصَلِّي وَ هُوَ كَذَلِكَ؟قَالَ:«هَذَا عَمَلُ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ».
قَالَ:قُلْتُ:فَإِنَّهُ يَتَوَشَّحُ فَوْقَ الْقَمِيصِ؟فَقَالَ:«هَذَا مِنَ التَّجَبُّرِ».
قَالَ:قُلْتُ:إِنَّ الْقَمِيصَ رَقِيقٌ،يَلْتَحِفُ بِهِ؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ-ثُمَّ قَالَ-إِنَّ حَلَّ الْأَزْرَارِ [4] فِي الصَّلاَةِ،وَ الْخَذْفَ [5]بِالْحَصَى،وَ مَضْغَ الْكُنْدُرِ فِي الْمَجَالِسِ وَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ الطَّرِيقِ،مِنْ عَمَلِ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ».
8268-/3 From him, with his chain of narration, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Ali ibn al-Hakam, from Malik ibn Atiyyah, who said: Ziyad ibn al-Mundhir informed me, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: A man asked him while I was present about a man who comes out of the bathhouse or performs ghusl (ritual purification), then wraps himself with a cloth and wears his shirt over the izar (lower garment) and prays in that state. He (Abu Ja‘far) said: "This is the practice of the people of Lot." He said: I asked, "What if he wraps the cloth over the shirt?" He (Abu Ja‘far) said: "This is an act of arrogance." He said: I asked, "The shirt is thin, so he wraps himself with it?" He (Abu Ja‘far) said: "Yes." Then he said: "Indeed, unbuttoning buttons during prayer, flicking pebbles, and chewing kundur (a type of resin) in gatherings or on the road are from the actions of the people of Lot."
99-/8269 _4- الطَّبْرِسِيُّ: فِي مَعْنَى وَ تَأْتُونَ فِي نٰادِيكُمُ الْمُنْكَرَ ،عَنِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَتَضَارَطُونَ فِي مَجَالِسِهِمْ مِنْ غَيْرِ حِشْمَةٍ وَ لاَ حَيَاءٍ».
و خبر لوط و شعيب تقدما في سورة هود و غيرها [1]،و يأتي من ذلك في سورة
الذاريات [2]،إن شاء اللّه تعالى.
99-/8269 Al-Ṭabrisī: Regarding the meaning of "And you commit indecency in your gatherings" (Quran 29:29), from al-Riḍā (peace be upon him): "Indeed, they used to pass wind loudly in their gatherings without any sense of decency or modesty."
And the story of Lot and Shu‘ayb has already been mentioned in Sūrah Hūd and elsewhere, and more of that will come in Sūrah al-Dhāriyāt, God willing.
Quranic verse reference: Surah Al-‘Ankabūt (29:29) Translation (M. H. Shakir): "And you come to the indecent in your assemblies?"
_1) -تفسير القمّيّ(حجري):393.
_2) -التهذيب 3:741/262.
_3) -التهذيب 2:1542/371.
_4) -مجمع البيان 8:440.
[1] يأتي في الحديث(1)من تفسير الآية(99)من سورة الصافّات.
[2] في«ط،ي»:يحذف،و الحذف:الرمي و الضرب،و الخذف:الرّمي بالحصى الصغار و بأطراف الأصابع
In "Ṭā’" and "Yā’" (i.e., the versions marked with the letters Ṭ and Y), it is written "yaḥdhif" (يحذف). And al-ḥadhf (الحذف) refers to throwing and striking, whereas al-khadhf (الخذف) refers to throwing small pebbles with the tips of the fingers.
[3] في«ط،ي»:الحذف.
[4] في«ي،ط»:الإزار.
[5] في«ي،ط»:الحذف.
Page 312 in Arabic
99-/8270 _5- الشَّيْخُ فِي(أَمَالِيهِ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حُبَيْشٍ الْكَاتِبُ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنِي الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ،عَنْ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ الْجَعْدِ،عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ،عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فِي حَدِيثِ عَهْدِهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)إِلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ،يَعْمَلُ بِهِ وَ يَقْرَأُهُ عَلَى أَهْلِ مِصْرَ حِينَ وَلاَّهُ مِصْرَ،
99-/8270 Al-Shaykh in his Amālī said: Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Nuʿmān (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated to us, saying: Abū al-Ḥusayn ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn Ḥubaysh al-Kātib informed me, who said: Al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī al-Zaʿfarānī informed me, who said: Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad al-Thaqafī informed me, who said: ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿUthmān narrated to us, who said: ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn Abī Saʿīd narrated to us, from Fuḍayl ibn al-Jaʿd, from Abū Isḥāq al-Hamdānī, from the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), In the narration of his directive (peace be upon him) to Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr, which he acted upon and recited to the people of Egypt when he was appointed governor of Egypt.
وَ قَالَ فِيهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «اعْلَمُوا-يَا عِبَادَ اللَّهِ-أَنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ مَنْ يَعْمَلُ الثَّلاَثَ مِنَ الثَّوَابِ:أَمَّا الْخَيْرُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يُثِيبُهُ بِعَمَلِهِ فِي دُنْيَاهُ،قَالَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ: وَ آتَيْنٰاهُ أَجْرَهُ فِي الدُّنْيٰا وَ إِنَّهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ لَمِنَ الصّٰالِحِينَ فَمَنْ عَمِلَ لِلَّهِ تَعَالَى،أَعْطَاهُ أَجْرَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ،وَ كَفَاهُ الْمُهِمَّ فِيهِمَا».
And he (peace be upon him) said in it:
"Know, O servants of Allah, that the believer is the one who acts upon three rewards: As for good deeds, Allah rewards him for his actions in his worldly life. Allah, Glorified is He, said to Abraham: 'And We gave him his reward in this world, and most surely in the Hereafter he will be among the righteous.' (Surah Al-‘Ankabūt, 29:27, M. H. Shakir translation) So whoever acts for Allah, the Exalted, He will grant him his reward in this world and the Hereafter, and suffice him in his concerns in both."
99-/8271 _6- (تُحْفَةِ الْإِخْوَانِ):قَالَ الْإِمَامُ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «وَ كَانَ أَهْلُ الْمُؤْتَفِكَاتِ مِنْ أَجَلِّ النَّاسِ،وَ كَانُوا فِي حُسْنٍ وَ جَمَالٍ،فَأَصَابَهُمْ الْغَلاَءُ وَ الْقَحْطُ،فَجَاءَهُمْ إِبْلِيسُ اللَّعِينُ،وَ قَالَ لَهُمْ:إِنَّمَا جَاءَكُمْ الْقَحْطُ لِأَنَّكُمْ مَنَعْتُمُ النَّاسَ مِنْ دُورِكُمْ وَ لَمْ تَمْنَعُوهُمْ مِنْ بَسَاتِينِكُمُ الْخَارِجَةِ.فَقَالُوا:وَ كَيْفَ السَّبِيلُ إِلَى الْمَنْعِ؟فَقَالَ لَهُمْ:
99-/8271 In Tuhfat al-Ikhwān: Imam Ja‘far ibn Muhammad al-Sādiq (peace be upon him) said: "The people of the overturned cities (al-Mu'tafikāt) were among the most distinguished of people, and they were in beauty and good appearance. Then, drought and famine afflicted them. So, the accursed Iblīs came to them and said: 'The drought has only come upon you because you prevented people from entering your homes but did not prevent them from your gardens outside.' They said: 'How can we prevent them?' So, he said to them..."
اجْعَلُوا السُّنَةَ بَيْنَكُمْ إِذَا وَجَدْتُمْ غَرِيباً فِي بَلَدِكُمْ سَلَبْتُمُوهُ وَ نَكَحْتُمُوهُ فِي دُبُرِهِ،حَتَّى إِنَّكُمْ إِذَا فَعَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَتَطَرَّقُوا عَلَيْكُمْ».
قَالَ:«فَعَزَمُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ،فَخَرَجُوا إِلَى ظَاهِرِ الْبَلَدِ يَطْلُبُونَ مَنْ يَجُوزُ بِهِمْ [3]،فَتَصَوَّرَ لَهُمْ إِبْلِيسُ اللَّعِينُ غُلاَماً أَمْرَدَ،فَتَزَيَّنَ،فَحَمَلُوا عَلَيْهِ،فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ سَلَبُوهُ وَ نَكَحُوهُ فِي دُبُرِهِ،فَطَابَ لَهُمْ ذَلِكَ،حَتَّى صَارَ هَذَا عَادَةً لَهُمْ فِي كُلِّ غَرِيبٍ وَجَدُوهُ،حَتَّى تَعَدَّوْا مَنِ الْغُرَبَاءِ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْبَلَدِ،وَ فَشَا ذَلِكَ فِيهِمْ،وَ ظَهَرَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ غَيْرِ انْتِقَامٍ بَيْنَهُمْ،فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يُؤْتَى،وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَأْتِي.
"Make it a custom among yourselves that whenever you find a stranger in your land, you strip him and sodomize him. In this way, no one will approach you." He (peace be upon him) said: "So they resolved to do that. They went outside the city looking for anyone passing by. Then, Iblīs the accursed appeared to them in the form of a beardless youth, adorned himself, and they seized him, stripped him, and sodomized him. This act became pleasing to them until it became a custom for them to do so with every stranger they found. Then, they went beyond the strangers and began doing it to the people of their own city, and it became widespread among them, openly practiced without any punishment among themselves. Some of them would be the recipients, and some of them would be the doers."
وَ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):أَنِّي اخْتَرْتُ لُوطاً نَبِيّاً،فَابْعَثْهُ إِلَى هَؤُلاَءِ الْقَوْمِ.فَأَقْبَلَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ إِلَى لُوطٍ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ،ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ:اِنْطَلِقْ إِلَى مَدَائِنِ سَدُومَ [4]،وَ ادْعُهُمْ إِلَى عِبَادَةِ اللَّهِ،وَ حَذِّرْهُمْ أَمْرَ اللَّهِ وَ عَذَابَهُ، وَ ذَكِّرْهُمْ بِمَا نَزَلَ بِقَوْمِ نُمْرُودَ بْنِ كَنْعَانَ.فَسَارَ لُوطٌ حَتَّى صَارَ إِلَى الْمَدَائِنِ،فَوَقَفَ وَ هُوَ لاَ يَدْرِي بِأَيِّهَا يَبْدَأُ،فَأَقْبَلَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ مَدِينَةَ سَدُومَ،وَ هِيَ أَكْبَرُهَا،وَ فِيهَا مُلْكُهُمْ،فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ وَسَطَ السُّوقَ،قَالَ:يَا قَوْمِ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَ أَطِيعُونِي، وَ ازْجُرُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْفَوَاحِشِ الَّتِي لَمْ تُسْبَقُوا إِلَى مِثْلِهَا،وَ انْتَهُوا عَنِ عِبَادَةِ الْأَصْنَامِ،فَإِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ.
فَذَلِكَ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ لُوطاً إِذْ قٰالَ لِقَوْمِهِ أَ تَأْتُونَ الْفٰاحِشَةَ مٰا سَبَقَكُمْ بِهٰا مِنْ أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْعٰالَمِينَ*
And Allah, the Exalted, revealed to Abraham (peace be upon him): "Indeed, I have chosen Lot as a prophet, so send him to these people." So Abraham went to Lot and informed him of that, then said to him: "Go to the cities of Sodom, and call them to the worship of Allah, warn them of Allah's command and His punishment, and remind them of what befell the people of Nimrod ibn Canaan." Lot set out until he reached the cities, and he stood not knowing with which one to begin. Then he approached and entered the city of Sodom, which was the largest of them and the seat of their authority. When he reached the center of the market, he said: "O my people, fear Allah and obey me, and restrain yourselves from these indecencies to which no one before you has preceded, and desist from the worship of idols, for I am the messenger of Allah to you."
That is the meaning of His saying, the Exalted: "And (We sent) Lot when he said to his people: Do you commit an indecency which any one in the world has not done before you?" (Surah Al-A‘rāf, 7:80, M. H. Shakir translation)
_5) -الأمالي:1:24.
_6) -تحفة الاخوان:48.
[1] تقدم في تفسير الآيات(69-83 و 84-101)من سورة هود،و الآيات(48-72)من سورة الحجر.
[2] يأتي في تفسير الآيات(24-47)من سورة الذاريات.
[3] في المصدر:يفجرون به.
[4] سدوم:قرى بين الحجاز و الشام.«آثار البلاد و أخبار العباد:202».
Page 313 in Arabic
إِنَّكُمْ لَتَأْتُونَ الرِّجٰالَ شَهْوَةً مِنْ دُونِ النِّسٰاءِ بَلْ أَنْتُمْ قَوْمٌ مُسْرِفُونَ* وَ مٰا كٰانَ جَوٰابَ قَوْمِهِ إِلاّٰ أَنْ قٰالُوا أَخْرِجُوهُمْ مِنْ قَرْيَتِكُمْ إِنَّهُمْ أُنٰاسٌ يَتَطَهَّرُونَ [1] ،يَعْنِي عَنْ إِتْيَانِ الرِّجَالِ،وَ قَالَ فِي مَكَانٍ آخَرَ: أَ إِنَّكُمْ لَتَأْتُونَ الرِّجٰالَ وَ تَقْطَعُونَ السَّبِيلَ وَ تَأْتُونَ فِي نٰادِيكُمُ الْمُنْكَرَ ،يَعْنِي الْحَذْفَ بِالْحَصَى،وَ التَّصْفِيقَ وَ اللَّعِبَ بِالْحَمَامِ،وَ تَصْفِيقَ [2]الطُّيُورِ،وَ مُنَاقَرَةَ الدُّيُوكِ،وَ مُهَارَشَةَ الْكِلاَبِ [3]،وَ الْحَبْقَ [4] فِي الْمَجَالِسِ،وَ لُبْسَ الْمُعَصْفَرَاتِ [5]، فَمٰا كٰانَ جَوٰابَ قَوْمِهِ إِلاّٰ أَنْ قٰالُوا ائْتِنٰا بِعَذٰابِ اللّٰهِ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصّٰادِقِينَ .
"Indeed, you approach men lustfully instead of women; nay, you are a people who exceed the limits. And the answer of his people was no other than that they said: Drive them out of your town; surely they are a people who seek to purify themselves." (Surah Al-A‘rāf, 7:81-82, M. H. Shakir translation)
Meaning: they sought to purify themselves from approaching men.
And He said in another place: "What! do you indeed approach men and cut off the highway, and you commit indecency in your assemblies?" (Surah Al-‘Ankabūt, 29:29, M. H. Shakir translation)
That refers to throwing pebbles (ḥadhf) with stones, clapping, playing with pigeons, making birds clap, cockfighting, dog fighting, and performing indecent acts in gatherings, and wearing clothes dyed with safflower (al-mu‘aṣfarāt).
And the answer of his people was no other than that they said: "Bring upon us the punishment of Allah if you are one of the truthful." (Surah Al-‘Ankabūt, 29:29, M. H. Shakir translation)
وَ بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ مَلِكَهُمْ فِي سَدُومَ،فَقَالَ:اِئْتُونِي بِهِ.فَلَمَّا وَقَفَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ،قَالَ لَهُ:مَنْ أَنْتَ،وَ مَنْ أَرْسَلَكَ،وَ بِمَاذَا جِئْتَ،وَ إِلَى مَنْ بُعِثْتَ؟فَقَالَ لَهُ:أَمَّا اسْمِي فَلُوطٌ ابْنُ أَخِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ أَمَّا الَّذِي أَرْسَلَنِي فَهُوَ اللَّهُ رَبِّي وَ رَبُّكُمْ، وَ أَمَّا مَا جِئْتُ بِهِ،فَأَدْعُوكِمْ إِلَى طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ[وَ أَمْرِهِ]،وَ أَنْهَاكُمْ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْفَوَاحِشِ.فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ لُوطٍ وَقَعَ فِي قَلْبِهِ الرُّعْبُ وَ الْخَوْفُ،فَقَالَ لَهُ:إِنَّمَا أَنَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ قَوْمِي،فَسِرْ إِلَيْهِمْ،فَإِنْ أَجَابُوكَ فَأَنَا مَعَهُمْ».
It reached their king in Sodom, so he said: "Bring him to me." When Lot stood before him, the king said to him: "Who are you, who sent you, what have you come with, and to whom have you been sent?" Lot replied: "As for my name, it is Lot, the son of Abraham’s brother (peace be upon him). As for the One who sent me, He is Allah, my Lord and your Lord. As for what I have come with, I call you to the obedience of Allah and His command, and I forbid you from these indecencies."
When the king heard this from Lot, terror and fear entered his heart, so he said to him: "I am just a man from my people, so go to them; if they respond to you, I will be with them."
قَالَ:«فَخَرَجَ لُوطٌ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ وَ وَقَفَ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ،وَ أَخَذَ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى عِبَادَةِ اللَّهِ،وَ يَنْهَاهُمْ عَنِ الْمَعَاصِي، وَ يُحَذِّرُهُمْ عَذَابَ اللَّهِ،حَتَّى وَثَبُوا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ كُلِّ جَانِبٍ،وَ قَالُوا: لَئِنْ لَمْ تَنْتَهِ يٰا لُوطُ [6]مِنْ هَذِهِ الدَّعْوَةِ لَتَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُخْرَجِينَ [7]أَيْ مِنْ بَلَدِنَا، قٰالَ إِنِّي لِعَمَلِكُمْ [8]الْخَبِيثِ مِنَ الْقٰالِينَ [9]أَيْ مِنَ الْمُبْغِضِينَ رَبِّ نَجِّنِي وَ أَهْلِي
مِمّٰا يَعْمَلُونَ [10]يَعْنِي مِنَ الْفَوَاحِشِ.
He (peace be upon him) said:
"Lot left from the king's presence and stood before his people, calling them to the worship of Allah, forbidding them from sins, and warning them of Allah's punishment.
Until they attacked him from every side and said:
**'If you do not desist, O Lot, you shall surely be of those who are driven away.'** (Surah Ash-Shu‘arā’, 26:167, M. H. Shakir translation)
That is, driven out from our town.
He said:
**'Surely I am of those who utterly abhor your evil deeds.'** (Surah Ash-Shu‘arā’, 26:168, M. H. Shakir translation)
Meaning: I am among those who hate your wicked actions.
**'My Lord! deliver me and my followers from what they do.'** (Surah Ash-Shu‘arā’, 26:169, M. H. Shakir translation)
Meaning: from these indecencies (fawāḥish)."
فَأَقَامَ فِيهِمْ لُوطٌ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً،وَ هُوَ يَدْعُوهُمْ،وَ تُوُفِّيَتْ امْرَأَتُهُ وَ كَانَتْ مُؤْمِنَةً،فَتَزَوَّجَ بِأُخْرَى مِنْ قَوْمِهِ،وَ كَانَتْ قَدْ آمَنَتْ بِهِ،يُقَالُ لَهَا(قُوَابُ)،فَقَامَ مَعَهَا يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ،فَجَعَلُوا يَشْتِمُونَهُ وَ يَضْرِبُونَهُ،حَتَّى بَقِيَ فِيهِمْ مِنْ أَوَّلِ مَا بُعِثَ إِلَى أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً،فَلَمْ يُبَالُوا بِهِ،وَ لَمْ يُطِيعُوهُ،فَضَجَّتِ الْأَرْضُ إِلَى رَبِّهَا،وَ اسْتَغَاثَتِ الْأَشْجَارُ،وَ الْأَطْيَارُ، وَ الْجَنَّةُ وَ النَّارُ مِنْ فِعْلِهِمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى،فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِمْ [11]:إِنِّي
حَلِيمٌ لاَ أَعْجَلُ عَلَى مَنْ عَصَانِي حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ الْأَجَلُ الْمَحْدُودُ».
Lot remained among them for twenty years, calling them (to the truth). His wife, who was a believer, passed away, so he married another woman from his people who had also believed in him. It is said her name was Qawāb. He continued, along with her, calling them to obedience to Allah. But they began insulting him and beating him, until he remained among them from the time he was first sent to them for forty years. Yet, they paid no attention to him and did not obey him.
The earth cried out to its Lord because of their actions, and the trees, the birds, Paradise, and Hell sought help from Allah, the Exalted, against what they were doing.
Then Allah, the Exalted, revealed to them: "Indeed, I am Forbearing. I do not hasten upon the one who disobeys Me until the appointed time arrives."
[1] الأعراف 7:80-82.
[2] في«ط»:و تصفق.
[3] المهارشة بالكلاب،تحريش بعضها على بعض.«الصحاح-هرش-3:1027».
[3] Al-muhārashah bil-kilāb refers to inciting dogs against one another to fight. Reference: Al-Ṣiḥāḥ – entry "Harasha", 3:1027.
[4] الحبق:الضّراط.«لسان العرب-حبق-10:37».
[5] العصفر:الذي يصبغ به.«لسان العرب-عصفر-4:581».
[6] الشعراء 26:167.
[7] الشعراء 26:167.
[8] الشعراء 26:168.
[9] الشعراء 26:168.
[10] الشعراء 26:169.
[11] في المصدر:إليه.
Page 314 in Arabic
قَالَ:«فَلَمَّا اسْتَخَفُّوا بِنَبِيِّ اللَّهِ وَ لَمْ يُذْعِنُوا إِلَى طَاعَتِهِ،وَ دَامُوا عَلَى مَا كَانُوا فِيهِ مِنَ الْمَعَاصِي،أَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَرْبَعَةً مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ،وَ هُمْ:جَبْرَئِيلُ،وَ مِيكَائِيلُ،وَ إِسْرَافِيلُ،وَ دَرْدَائِيلُ أَنْ يَمُرُّوا بِإِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ يُبَشِّرُونَهُ بِوَلَدٍ مِنْ
سَارَةَ بِنْتِ هَارَازَ بْنِ نَاخُورَ [1]،وَ كَانَتْ قَدْ آمَنَتْ بِهِ حِينَ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ النَّارَ بَرْداً وَ سَلاَماً،فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ:أَنْ تَزَوَّجْ بِهَا يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ-قَالَ-فَتَزَوَّجَ بِهَا،فَجَاءُوا عَلَى صُورَةِ الْبَشَرِ،الْمُعْتَجِرِينَ [2] بِالْعَمَائِمِ،وَ كَانَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لاَ يَأْكُلُ إِلاَّ مَعَ الضَّيْفِ-قَالَ-فَانْقَطَعَتِ الْأَضْيَافُ عَنْهُ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ،فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ،قَالَ:يَا سَارَةُ،قُومِي وَ اعْمَلِي شَيْئاً مِنَ الطَّعَامِ،فَلَعَلِّي أَخْرُجُ عَسَى أَنْ أَلْقَى ضَيْفاً.فَقَامَتْ لِذَلِكَ،وَ خَرَجَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي طَلَبِ الضَّيْفِ،فَلَمْ يَجِدْ ضَيْفاً،فَقَعَدَ فِي دَارِهِ يَقْرَأُ الصُّحُفَ الْمُنَزَّلَةَ عَلَيْهِ،فَلَمْ يَشْعُرْ إِلاَّ وَ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ قَدْ دَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ مُفَاجَأَةً عَلَى خَيْلِهِمْ فِي زِينَتِهِمْ،فَوَقَفُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ،فَفَزِعَ مِنْ مُفَاجَأَتِهِمْ،حَتَّى قَالُوا:سَلاَماً،فَسَكَنَ خَوْفُهُ،
He (peace be upon him) said:
"So when they belittled the Prophet of Allah and did not submit to his obedience, persisting in their sins, Allah, the Exalted, commanded four angels—Jibrā’īl, Mīkā’īl, Isrāfīl, and Dardā’īl—to pass by Abraham (peace be upon him) and give him glad tidings of a son from Sarah, daughter of Hāraz ibn Nākhūr. She had believed in him when Allah made the fire cool and safe upon him. So Allah revealed to him: Marry her, O Abraham. He married her.
The angels came in the form of humans, wearing turbans. Abraham (peace be upon him) would not eat except with a guest. For three days, no guests came to him. After that, he said: 'O Sarah, get up and prepare something of food, for perhaps I will go out and find a guest.'
So she got up for that, and Abraham (peace be upon him) went out in search of a guest but did not find anyone. He sat in his house reading the scriptures revealed to him, and suddenly, the angels entered upon him unexpectedly, on their horses, adorned. They stood before him, and he was startled by their sudden appearance, until they said: Peace! Then his fear subsided.
فَذَلِكَ
مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى:
لَقَدْ جٰاءَتْ رُسُلُنٰا إِبْرٰاهِيمَ بِالْبُشْرىٰ قٰالُوا سَلاٰماً [3] ،وَ قَالَ تَعَالَى فِي آيَةٍ أُخْرَى: هَلْ أَتٰاكَ حَدِيثُ ضَيْفِ إِبْرٰاهِيمَ الْمُكْرَمِينَ* إِذْ دَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ فَقٰالُوا سَلاٰماً قٰالَ سَلاٰمٌ قَوْمٌ مُنْكَرُونَ [4]،لِأَنَّهُ لاَ يَعْرِفُ صُوَرَهُمْ،فَرَحَّبَ بِهِمْ،وَ أَمَرَهُمْ بِالْجُلُوسِ،وَ دَخَلَ عَلَى سَارَةَ،وَ قَالَ لَهَا:قَدْ نَزَلَ عِنْدَنَا أَرْبَعَةُ أَضْيَافٍ حِسَانُ الْوُجُوهِ وَ اللِّبَاسِ،وَ قَدْ دَخَلُوا وَ سَلَّمُوا عَلَيَّ بِسَلاَمِ الْأَبْرَارِ،فَقَالَ لَهَا:وَ حَاجَتِي إِلَيْكِ أَنْ تَقُومِي وَ تَخْدُمِيهِمْ.فَقَالَتْ:عَهْدِي بِكَ يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ وَ أَنْتَ أَغْيَرُ النَّاسِ.فَقَالَ:هُوَ كَمَا تَقُولِينَ،غَيْرَ أَنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ أَعِزَّاءُ خِيَارٌ.
So that is the meaning of His saying, the Most High: "And certainly Our messengers came to Ibrahim with good news. They said: Peace. Peace, said he." (Surah Hud, 11:69, M H Shakir translation) And He, the Most High, said in another verse: "Has there come to you the story of the honored guests of Ibrahim? When they entered upon him, they said: Peace. Peace, said he, honoured guests." (Surah adh-Dhariyat, 51:24-25, M H Shakir translation)
Because he did not recognize their faces, he welcomed them, ordered them to sit down, entered upon Sarah, and said to her: "There have come to us four guests, handsome in appearance and clothing, and they greeted me with the greeting of the righteous." Then he said to her: "I need you to rise and serve them." She said: "I have always known you, O Ibrahim, to be the most protective of people." He said: "It is as you say, but these are honored and noble individuals."
ثُمَّ عَمَدَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ إِلَى عِجْلٍ سَمِينٍ فَذَبَحَهُ،وَ نَظَّفَهُ،وَ عَمَدَ إِلَى التَّنُّورِ فَسَجَرَهُ،فَوَضَعَ الْعِجْلَ فِي التَّنُّورِ حَتَّى اشْتَوَى،وَ ذَلِكَ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: فَمٰا لَبِثَ أَنْ جٰاءَ بِعِجْلٍ حَنِيذٍ [5]،وَ الْحَنِيذُ الَّذِي يُشْوَى فِي الْحُفْرَةِ،وَ قَدِ انْتَهَى خُبُزُهُ وَ نَضَاجَتُهُ،فَوَضَعَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ الْعِجْلَ عَلَى الْخِوَانِ،وَ وَضَعَ الْخُبُزَ مِنْ حَوْلِهِ،وَ قَدَّمَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ،وَ وَقَفَتْ سَارَةُ عَلَيْهِمْ تَخْدُمُهُمْ،وَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ يَأْكُلُ وَ لاَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِمْ،فَلَمَّا رَأَتْ سَارَةُ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُمْ،قَالَتْ:يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ،إِنَّ أَضْيَافَكَ هَؤُلاَءِ لاَ يَأْكُلُونَ شَيْئاً.فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):أَ لاَ تَأْكُلُونَ؟وَ دَاخَلَهُ الْخَوْفُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ،وَ ذَلِكَ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: فَلَمّٰا رَأىٰ أَيْدِيَهُمْ لاٰ تَصِلُ إِلَيْهِ نَكِرَهُمْ وَ أَوْجَسَ مِنْهُمْ خِيفَةً [6]،أَيْ أَضْمَرَ مِنْهُمْ خَوْفاً.
5-/11:69 Then Ibrahim took a fat calf, slaughtered it, cleaned it, and went to the oven and kindled it. He placed the calf in the oven until it was roasted. That is the meaning of His saying, the Most High: "But when he saw that their hands were not extended towards it, he mistrusted them and conceived a fear of them." (Surah Hud, 11:69, M H Shakir translation)
And "Then he brought a roasted calf." (Surah Hud, 11:69, M H Shakir translation) The word ḥanīdh refers to meat that is roasted in a pit until it is fully baked and cooked. Ibrahim placed the calf on the dining spread, arranged the bread around it, and presented it to them. Sarah stood over them serving them, while Ibrahim was eating without looking at them. When Sarah noticed that they were not eating anything, she said: "O Ibrahim, your guests are not eating anything." So Ibrahim (peace be upon him) said to them: "Will you not eat?" And fear entered him because of this. That is the meaning of His saying, the Most High: "But when he saw that their hands were not extended towards it, he mistrusted them and conceived a fear of them." (Surah Hud, 11:70, M H Shakir translation), meaning, he harbored fear of them.
ثُمَّ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):لَوْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّكُمْ مَا تَأْكُلُونَ مَا قَطَعْنَا الْعِجْلَ عَنْ الْبَقَرَةِ.فَمَدَّ جَبْرَئِيلُ يَدَهُ نَحْوَ الْعِجْلِ، وَ قَالَ:قُمْ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى.فَقَامَ وَ أَقْبَلَ نَحْوَ الْبَقَرَةِ حَتَّى الْتَقَمَ ضَرْعَهَا،فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ اشْتَدَّ خَوْفُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ قَالَ:
إِنّٰا مِنْكُمْ وَجِلُونَ* قٰالُوا لاٰ تَوْجَلْ إِنّٰا نُبَشِّرُكَ بِغُلاٰمٍ عَلِيمٍ* قٰالَ أَ بَشَّرْتُمُونِي عَلىٰ أَنْ مَسَّنِيَ الْكِبَرُ فَبِمَ تُبَشِّرُونَ * قٰالُوا بَشَّرْنٰاكَ بِالْحَقِّ فَلاٰ تَكُنْ مِنَ الْقٰانِطِينَ* قٰالَ وَ مَنْ يَقْنَطُ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ رَبِّهِ إِلاَّ الضّٰالُّونَ [7] -قَالَ-وَ كَانَتْ سَارَةُ قَائِمَةً فَلَمَّا
سَمِعَتْ،قَالَتْ:أَوَّهْ [8]
7-/51:28 Then Ibrahim (peace be upon him) said: "Had I known that you do not eat, I would not have separated the calf from the cow." So Jibra'il stretched his hand towards the calf and said: "Rise by the permission of Allah, the Most High." The calf stood up and went towards the cow until it latched onto her udder. At that moment, the fear of Ibrahim (peace be upon him) intensified, and he said: "Surely we are afraid of you." They said: "Be not afraid, surely we give you the good news of a boy possessing knowledge." He said: "Do you give me good news (of a son) when old age has come upon me? Of what do you give me good news?" They said: "We give you good news with truth, therefore be not of the despairing." He said: "And who despairs of the mercy of his Lord but the erring ones?" (Surah adh-Dhariyat, 51:28-30, M H Shakir translation)
And it is mentioned that Sarah was standing, and when she heard, she said: "Oh!"
[1] في«ج»:فاخور.
[2] الاعتجار:لف العمامة على الرأس.«الصحاح-عجر-2:737».
[3] هود 11:69.
[4] هود 11:69.
[5] الذاريات 51:24 و 25.
[6] هود 11:70.
[7] الحجر 15:52-56.
[8] أود:كلمة معناها التحزن.«لسان العرب-أوه-13:472».
Page 315 in Arabic
.وَ هِيَ الصَّرَّةُ الَّتِي قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى:
فَأَقْبَلَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ فِي صَرَّةٍ فَصَكَّتْ وَجْهَهٰا [1] يَعْنِي ضَرَبَتْ وَجْهَهَا وَ قٰالَتْ عَجُوزٌ عَقِيمٌ [2]أَيْ كَبِيرَةٌ لَمْ تَلِدْ قٰالَتْ يٰا وَيْلَتىٰ أَ أَلِدُ وَ أَنَا عَجُوزٌ وَ هٰذٰا بَعْلِي شَيْخاً إِنَّ هٰذٰا لَشَيْءٌ عَجِيبٌ* قٰالُوا أَ تَعْجَبِينَ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللّٰهِ رَحْمَتُ اللّٰهِ وَ بَرَكٰاتُهُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ إِنَّهُ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ [3]الْمَوْجُودُ ذُو الشَّرَفِ وَ الْمَجْدِ وَ الْكَرَمِ،وَ فِي آيَةٍ أُخْرَى: وَ أَوْجَسَ مِنْهُمْ خِيفَةً قٰالُوا لاٰ تَخَفْ إِنّٰا أُرْسِلْنٰا إِلىٰ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ* وَ امْرَأَتُهُ قٰائِمَةٌ [4]تَخْدُمُهُمْ فَضَحِكَتْ [5]أَيْ حَاضَتْ فَبَشَّرْنٰاهٰا بِإِسْحٰاقَ وَ مِنْ وَرٰاءِ إِسْحٰاقَ يَعْقُوبَ [6].
And that is the ṣarrah (cry) which Allah, the Most High, said: "Then his wife came up in great grief, and she struck her face." (Surah adh-Dhariyat, 51:29, M H Shakir translation) Meaning, she struck her face and said: "A barren old woman!" (Surah adh-Dhariyat, 51:29, M H Shakir translation) That is, an old woman who has not given birth. She said: "Woe to me! Shall I bear a child while I am an old woman and this my husband is an old man? Most surely this is a wonderful thing." They said: "Do you wonder at Allah's command? The mercy of Allah and His blessings are on you, O people of the house; surely He is Praised, Glorious." (Surah Hud, 11:72-73, M H Shakir translation) Meaning, He is the One who possesses nobility, glory, and generosity.
And in another verse: "But when he saw that their hands were not extended towards it, he mistrusted them and conceived a fear of them. They said: Fear not, surely we are sent to the people of Lut. And his wife was standing by." (Surah Hud, 11:70-71, M H Shakir translation) Serving them, and she laughed — meaning, she menstruated. "So We gave her the good news of Ishaq, and after Ishaq, of Ya'qub." (Surah Hud, 11:71, M H Shakir translation)
فَإِسْحَاقُ قَدْ مَضَى عَلَيْهِ ثَمَانُونَ سَنَةً فَكُفَّ بَصَرُهُ،وَ كَانَ مُلاَزِماً لِمَسْجِدِهِ،فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ جَالِسٌ إِلَى جَانِبِ امْرَأَتِهِ إِذْ رَاوَدَهَا،فَضَحِكَتْ حَتَّى بَدَتْ نَوَاجِذُهَا،فَقَالَتْ زَوْجَتُهُ،وَ اسْمُهَا رَبَابُ بِنْتُ لُوطٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ قِيلَ قُدْرَةً:يَا إِسْحَاقُ.فَقَالَ:نَعَمْ،إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ،فَوَاقَعَهَا،فَحَمَلَتْ بِوَلَدَيْنِ ذَكَرَيْنِ،وَ أَخْبَرَتْهُ بِحَمْلِهَا،فَقَالَ لَهَا إِسْحَاقُ:لاَ تَعْجَبِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ،لِأَنِّي رَأَيْتُ فِي أَوَّلِ عُمُرِي فِي الْمَنَامَ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ كَأَنَّهُ خَرَجَتْ مِنْ ظَهْرِي شَجَرَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ خَضْرَاءُ لَهَا أَغْصَانٌ وَ فُرُوعُ،كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهَا عَلَى لَوْنٍ،فَقِيلَ لِي فِي الْمَنَامِ:هَذِهِ الْأَغْصَانُ أَوْلاَدُكَ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ عَلَى قَدْرِ أَنْوَارِهُمْ، فَانْتَبَهْتُ فَزِعاً مَرْعُوباً،فَهَذَا تَأْوِيلُ رُؤْيَايَ.فَقَالَتْ زَوْجَتُهُ:يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولَهُ،إِنَّهُمَا اثْنَانِ،لِأَنَّهُمَا يَتَضَارَبَانِ فِي بَطْنِي كَالْمُتَخَاصِمَيْنِ.فَقَالَ إِسْحَاقُ:يَكُونُ خَيْراً إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى.فَلَمَّا تَمَّتْ مُدَّةُ الْحَمْلِ وَضَعَتْهُمَا وَ أَحَدُهُمَا بِعَقِبِ صَاحِبِهِ،مُتَعَلِّقٌ [7] بِعَقِبِهِ،فَسُمِّيَ:يَعْقُوبَ،لِأَنَّهُ بِعَقِبِ أَخِيهِ،وَ الْآخَرُ اسْمُهُ عِيصِ،لِأَنَّهُ أَخَّرَ أَخَاهُ،وَ تَقَدَّمَ عَلَيْهِ».
Isaac had reached eighty years of age, and his eyesight had weakened. He remained constant in his place of worship. One day, while he was sitting beside his wife, he approached her, and she laughed until her molars appeared. His wife, whose name was Rabab bint Lut (peace be upon him)—and it is also said her name was Qudrah—said to him: "O Isaac." He replied: "Yes, if Allah wills." So he was intimate with her, and she conceived twin boys. She informed him of her pregnancy, and Isaac said to her: "Do not be surprised by this, for I saw in my youth, one night in a dream, as if from my back emerged a great green tree with branches and offshoots, each branch of a different color. It was said to me in the dream: These branches are your children, the prophets, each according to the degree of their light. I woke up frightened and alarmed, and this is the interpretation of my dream."
His wife said: "O Prophet of Allah and His Messenger, they are two (children), for they are struggling within me like opponents." Isaac replied: "It will be good, if Allah, the Most High, wills."
When the term of her pregnancy was complete, she gave birth to the two, and one of them was holding on to the heel of his brother. He was named Ya'qub (Jacob) because he was at the heel (‘aqib) of his brother. The other was named ‘Is (Esau) because he delayed his brother and preceded him.
وَ قِيلَ:إِنَّ سَارَةَ قَدْ مَضَى مِنَ عُمُرِهَا تِسْعٌ وَ تِسْعُونَ سَنَةً،وَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ثَمَانِي وَ تِسْعُونَ،وَ حَمَلَتْ سَارَةُ بِإِسْحَاقَ فِي اللَّيْلَةِ الَّتِي خَسَفَ اللَّهُ فِيهَا قَوْمَ لُوطٍ،فَلَمَّا تَمَّتْ أَشْهُرُهَا وَضَعَتْهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْجُمُعَةِ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ،وَ لَهُ نُورٌ شَعْشَعَانِيٌّ،فَلَمَّا سَقَطَ مِنْ بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ خَرَّ لِلَّهِ سَاجِداً،ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى قَاعِداً،وَ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ بِالثَّنَاءِ لِلَّهِ تَعَالَى وَ التَّوْحِيدِ.
قَالَ:«فَأَخَذَتْ تُرَدِّدُ قَوْلَهَا:عَجُوزٌ عَقِيمٌ؛وَ هِيَ لاَ تَدْرِي أَنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ مَلاَئِكَةُ،فَرَفَعَ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)طَرْفَهُ إِلَيْهَا، وَ قَالَ لَهَا:يَا سَارَةُ،كَذَلِكَ قَالَ رَبُّكِ إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْحَكِيمُ الْعَلِيمُ.فَلَمَّا فَرَغُوا مِنْ ذَلِكَ،قَالَ لَهُمْ إِبْرَاهِيمُ: فَمٰا خَطْبُكُمْ أَيُّهَا الْمُرْسَلُونَ [8]،يَعْنِي مَا بَالُكُمْ بَعْدَ هَذِهِ الْبِشَارَةِ؟ قٰالُوا إِنّٰا أُرْسِلْنٰا إِلىٰ قَوْمٍ مُجْرِمِينَ يَعْنُونَ قَوْمَ لُوطٍ لِنُرْسِلَ عَلَيْهِمْ حِجٰارَةً مِنْ طِينٍ [9]».قَالَ قَتَادَةُ:كَانَتْ حِجَارَةً مَخْلُوطَةً بِالطِّينِ،مَطْبُوخَةً فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ مُسَوَّمَةً [1]
It is said that Sarah had reached ninety-nine years of age, and Ibrahim was eighty-eight. Sarah conceived Isaac on the night when Allah caused the earth to swallow the people of Lut. When her months of pregnancy were complete, she gave birth to Isaac on a Friday night, on the day of ‘Ashura. He was born with a radiant, shimmering light. As soon as he emerged from his mother’s womb, he fell in prostration to Allah, then sat upright, raising his hands to the sky, praising Allah, the Most High, and declaring His Oneness.
It is narrated that she kept repeating her words: "A barren old woman," not realizing that they were angels. Then Jibra'il (peace be upon him) lifted his gaze to her and said: "O Sarah, so has your Lord said; surely He is the Wise, the Knowing."
When they had finished with this glad tidings, Ibrahim said to them: "What is your affair, O messengers?" (Surah adh-Dhariyat, 51:31, M H Shakir translation) Meaning, what is your mission after this announcement? They said: "Surely we are sent to a guilty people." (Surah adh-Dhariyat, 51:32, M H Shakir translation) Meaning, to the people of Lut, "That we may send down upon them stones of clay." (Surah adh-Dhariyat, 51:33, M H Shakir translation)
Qatadah said: They were stones mixed with clay, baked in the fire of Hell, "Marked (for punishment)." (Surah adh-Dhariyat, 51:34, M H Shakir translation)
[3] هود 11:72 و 73.
[4] هود 11:70 و 71.
[5] هود 11:71.
[6] هود 11:71.
[7] في المصدر:يعقب الآخر،و الآخر متعلّق.
[8] الذاريات 51:31.
[9] .51:32 و 33.
Page 316 in Arabic
يَعْنِي مُعْلَمَةً،وَ قِيلَ:إِنَّهُ كَانَ مَكْتُوباً عَلَى كُلِّ حَجَرٍ اسْمُ صَاحِبِهِ مِنَ الْمُسْرِفِينَ مِنْ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ فِي مَعَاصِيهِمْ.
قَالَ:«فَعَادَ جَبْرَئِيلُ إِلَى صُورَتِهِ حَتَّى عَرَفَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَأَخْبَرَهُ:أَنَّ هَذَا أَخِي مِيكَائِيلُ،وَ هَذَانِ إِسْرَافِيلُ وَ دَرْدَائِيلُ.فَاغْتَمَّ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)شَفَقَةً عَلَى ابْنِ أَخِيهِ لُوطٍ وَ أَهْلِهِ،وَ ذَلِكَ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى حِكَايَةً عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): إِنَّ فِيهٰا لُوطاً قٰالُوا نَحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَنْ فِيهٰا لَنُنَجِّيَنَّهُ وَ أَهْلَهُ إِلاَّ امْرَأَتَهُ كٰانَتْ مِنَ الْغٰابِرِينَ ،يَعْنِي مِنَ الْبَاقِينَ فِي الْعَذَابِ.ثُمَّ سَأَلَهُمْ عَنْ عَدَدِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي هَذِهِ الْمَدَائِنِ،قَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ:مَا فِيهَا إِلاَّ لُوطٌ،وَ ابْنَتَاهْ.
فَذَلِكَ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: فَأَخْرَجْنٰا مَنْ كٰانَ فِيهٰا مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ* فَمٰا وَجَدْنٰا فِيهٰا غَيْرَ بَيْتٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ [2].
It means marked, and it is said that on each stone was written the name of its destined recipient among the transgressors from the people of Lut, those who were excessive in their sins.
It is narrated that Jibra'il then returned to his original form until Ibrahim (peace be upon him) recognized him. He informed him: "This is my brother Mika'il, and these are Israfil and Darda'il." Ibrahim (peace be upon him) became distressed out of concern for his nephew Lut and his family. This is the meaning of the saying of the Most High, quoting Ibrahim (peace be upon him): "Surely in it is Lut." They said: "We know well who is in it: We shall certainly deliver him and his followers, except his wife; she shall be of those who remain behind." (Surah al-‘Ankabut, 29:32, M H Shakir translation) Meaning, she will remain among those who face punishment.
Then he asked them about the number of believers in these towns. Jibra'il replied to him: "There is no one in it except Lut and his two daughters."
This is the meaning of the saying of the Most High: "So We brought forth such of the believers as were there. And We did not find in it any but a (single) house of those who submitted (to Allah)." (Surah adh-Dhariyat, 51:35-36, M H Shakir translation)
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: فَلَمّٰا ذَهَبَ عَنْ إِبْرٰاهِيمَ الرَّوْعُ [3]،أَيْ الْخَوْفُ وَ جٰاءَتْهُ الْبُشْرىٰ [4]يَعْنِي بِإِسْحَاقَ يُجٰادِلُنٰا فِي قَوْمِ لُوطٍ [5]يَعْنِي مَا جَرَى بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ جَبْرَئِيلَ،يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: إِنَّ إِبْرٰاهِيمَ لَحَلِيمٌ أَوّٰاهٌ مُنِيبٌ [6]يَعْنِي هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فِي الدُّعَاءِ،مُقْبِلٌ عَلَى عِبَادَةِ رَبِّهِ-قَالَ-فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ: يٰا إِبْرٰاهِيمُ أَعْرِضْ عَنْ هٰذٰا إِنَّهُ قَدْ جٰاءَ أَمْرُ رَبِّكَ [7]يَعْنِي عَذَابَهُ وَ إِنَّهُمْ آتِيهِمْ عَذٰابٌ غَيْرُ مَرْدُودٍ [8]أَيْ غَيْرُ مَصْرُوفٍ-قَالَ- فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):يَا مَلاَئِكَةَ رَبِّي وَ رُسُلَهُ،امْضُوا حَيْثُ تُؤْمَرُونَ».
قَالَ:«فَاسْتَوَتِ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ عَلَى خَيْلِهِمْ،وَ قَارَبَتْ مَدَائِنَ لُوطٍ وَقْتَ الْمَسَاءِ،فَرَأَتْهُمْ رَبَابُ بِنْتُ لُوطٍ زَوْجَةُ إِسْحَاقَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ هِيَ الْكُبْرَى،وَ كَانَتْ تَسْتَقِي الْمَاءَ،فَنَظَرَتْ إِلَيْهِمْ وَ إِذَا هُمْ قَوْمٌ عَلَيْهِمْ جَمَالٌ وَ هَيْئَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ، فَتَقَدَّمَتْ إِلَيْهِمْ،وَ قَالَتْ لَهُمْ:مَا لَكُمْ تَدْخُلُونَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ فَاسِقِينَ!لَيْسَ فِيهِمْ مَنْ يُضِيفُكُمْ إِلاَّ ذَلِكَ الشَّيْخُ،وَ إِنَّهُ لَيُقَاسِي مِنَ الْقَوْمِ أَمْراً عَظِيماً-قَالَ-وَ عَدَلَتِ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ إِلَى لُوطٍ،وَ قَدْ فَرَغَ مِنْ حَرْثِهِ،فَلَمَّا رَآهُمْ لُوطٌ اغْتَمَّ لَهُمْ،وَ فَزِعَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ،وَ ذَلِكَ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ لَمّٰا جٰاءَتْ رُسُلُنٰا لُوطاً سِيءَ بِهِمْ وَ ضٰاقَ بِهِمْ ذَرْعاً وَ قٰالَ هٰذٰا يَوْمٌ عَصِيبٌ [9]،يَعْنِي شَدِيدٌ شَرُّهُ.وَ قَالَ فِي آيَةٍ أُخْرَى: فَلَمّٰا جٰاءَ آلَ لُوطٍ الْمُرْسَلُونَ* قٰالَ إِنَّكُمْ قَوْمٌ مُنْكَرُونَ [10]،أَنْكَرَهُمْ لُوطٌ كَمَا أَنْكَرَهُمْ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ لَهُمْ لُوطٌ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):مِنْ أَيْنَ أَقْبَلْتُمْ؟قَالَ لَهُ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ لَمْ يَعْرِفْهُ:مِنْ مَوْضِعٍ بَعِيدٍ،وَ قَدْ حَلَلْنَا بِسَاحَتِكَ،فَهَلْ لَكَ أَنْ تُضِيفَنَا فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ،وَ عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ الْأَجْرُ وَ الثَّوَابُ؟قَالَ:نَعَمْ،وَ لَكِنْ أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ هَؤُلاَءِ الْقَوْمِ الْفَاسِقِينَ عَلَيْهِمْ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ.
Allah, the Most High, said: "So when fear had gone away from Ibrahim and the good news came to him, he began to plead with Us for Lut's people." (Surah Hud, 11:74, M H Shakir translation) That is, he was no longer afraid and received the glad tidings of Isaac, then he began disputing on behalf of the people of Lut—referring to what passed between him and Jibra'il. Allah, the Most High, says: "Most surely Ibrahim was forbearing, tender-hearted, oft-returning (to Allah)." (Surah Hud, 11:75, M H Shakir translation) Meaning, he was faithful in supplication and devoted in worship to his Lord.
Then it was said to Ibrahim (peace be upon him): "O Ibrahim! Leave off this; surely the decree of your Lord has come, and surely there is coming to them a punishment which cannot be averted." (Surah Hud, 11:76, M H Shakir translation) At that, Ibrahim (peace be upon him) said: "O angels and messengers of my Lord, proceed to what you have been commanded."
It is narrated that the angels mounted their horses and approached the towns of Lut around evening time. Rabab bint Lut, the wife of Isaac (peace be upon him) and the elder daughter, was drawing water. She saw them and noticed they were people with beauty and a noble appearance. She approached them and said: "Why do you enter upon a wicked people? There is no one among them who will host you except that old man (Lut), and indeed, he suffers greatly from these people."
The angels then went towards Lut, who had just finished his fieldwork. When Lut saw them, he became distressed and fearful for them because of his people. This is the meaning of the saying of Allah, the Most High: "And when Our messengers came to Lut, he was grieved for them and he was not able to protect them, and he said: This is a distressful day." (Surah Hud, 11:77, M H Shakir translation) Meaning, a day severe in its evil.
In another verse, Allah says: "So when the messengers came to Lut's followers, he said: Surely you are an unknown people." (Surah al-Hijr, 15:61-62, M H Shakir translation) Lut did not recognize them, just as Ibrahim (peace be upon him) had not recognized them.
Lut (peace be upon him) asked them: "From where have you come?" Jibra'il (peace be upon him), whom he did not recognize, replied: "From a distant place, and we have settled in your courtyard. Will you host us for this night? And with your Lord is the reward and recompense." Lut said: "Yes, but I fear for you from these wicked people—may Allah's curse be upon them."
[1] الذاريات 51:34.
[2] الذاريات 51:35 و 36.
[3] هود 11:74.
[4] هود 11:74.
[5] هود 11:74.
[6] هود 11:75.
[7] هود 11:76.
[8] هود 11:76.
[9] هود 11:77.
[10] الحجر 15:61،62.
Page 317 in Arabic
فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ لِإِسْرَافِيلَ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ):هَذِهِ وَاحِدَةٌ.وَ قَدْ كَانَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ لاَ يُدَمِّرُوهُمْ إِلاَّ بَعْدَ أَرْبَعِ
شَهَادَاتٍ تَحْصُلُ مِنْ لُوطٍ بِفِسْقِهِمْ،وَ لَعَنْتِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ،ثُمَّ أَقْبَلُوا عَلَيْهِ،وَ قَالُوا:يَا لُوطُ،قَدْ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا اللَّيْلُ،وَ نَحْنُ أَضْيَافُكَ،فَاعْمَلْ عَلَى حَسَبِ ذَلِكَ.فَقَالَ لَهُمْ لُوطٌ:قَدْ أَخْبَرْتُكُمْ أَنَّ قَوْمِي يَفْسُقُونَ،وَ يَأْتُونَ الذُّكُورَ شَهْوَةً وَ يَتْرُكُونَ النِّسَاءَ،عَلَيْهِمْ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ.فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ لِإِسْرَافِيلَ:هَذِهِ ثَانِيَةٌ.ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ لُوطٌ:اِنْزِلُوا عَنْ دَوَابِّكُمْ،وَ اجْلِسُوا هَاهُنَا حَتَّى يَشْتَدَّ الظَّلاَمُ،ثُمَّ تَدْخُلُونَ وَ لاَ يَشْعُرْ بِكُمْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ،فَإِنَّهُمْ قَوْمُ سَوْءٍ فَاسِقِينَ،عَلَيْهِمْ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ.فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ لِإِسْرَافِيلَ:هَذِهِ الثَّالِثَةُ.
ثُمَّ مَضَى لُوطٌ-بَعْدَ أَنْ أَسْدَلَ الظَّلاَمُ-بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ،وَ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ خَلْفَهُ،حَتَّى دَخَلُوا مَنْزِلَهُ،فَأَغْلَقَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْبَابَ،ثُمَّ دَعَا بِامْرَأَتِهِ،يُقَالُ لَهَا(قُوَابُ)وَ قَالَ لَهَا:يَا هَذِهِ،إِنَّكِ عَصَيْتِ مُدَّةَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً،وَ هَؤُلاَءِ أَضْيَافِي قَدْ مَلَؤُوا قَلْبِي خَوْفاً،اكْفِينِي أَمْرَهُمْ هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةَ حَتَّى أَغْفِرَ لَكَ مَا مَضَى.قَالَتْ:نَعَمْ.قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: ضَرَبَ اللّٰهُ مَثَلاً لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا امْرَأَتَ نُوحٍ وَ امْرَأَتَ لُوطٍ كٰانَتٰا تَحْتَ عَبْدَيْنِ مِنْ عِبٰادِنٰا صٰالِحَيْنِ فَخٰانَتٰاهُمٰا [1]،وَ لَمْ تَكُنْ خِيَانَتُهُمَا فِي الْفِرَاشِ،لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى لاَ يَبْتَلِي أَنْبِيَاءَهُ بِذَلِكَ وَ لَكِنْ خِيَانَةَ امْرَأَةِ نُوحٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَقُولُ لِقَوْمِهِ:لاَ تَضْرِبُوهُ لِأَنَّهُ مَجْنُونٌ؛وَ كَانَ مَلِكُ قَوْمِهِ رَجُلاً جَبَّاراً قَوِيّاً عَاتِياً،يُقَالُ لَهُ:دوقيلُ [2] بْنُ عَوِيلِ بْنِ لاَمَكَ بْنِ جُنْحِ بْنِ قَابِيلَ،وَ هُوَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ شَرِبَ الْخَمْرَ،وَ قَعَدَ عَلَى الْأَسِرَّةِ،وَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَمَرَ بِصَنْعَةِ الْحَدِيدِ وَ الرَّصَاصِ وَ النُّحَاسِ،وَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ اتَّخَذَ الثِّيَابَ الْمَنْسُوجَةَ بِالذَّهَبِ،وَ كَانَ يَعْبُدُ هُوَ وَ قَوْمُهُ الْأَصْنَامَ الْخَمْسَ:وَدّاً،وَ سُوَاعاً،وَ يَغُوثَ،وَ يَعُوقَ،وَ نَسْراً، وَ هِيَ أَصْنَامُ قَوْمِ إِدْرِيسَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،ثُمَّ اتَّخَذُوا فِي كَثْرَةِ الْأَصْنَامِ حَتَّى صَارَ لَهُمْ أَلْفٌ وَ تِسْعُ مِائَةِ صَنَمٍ عَلَى كَرَاسِيِّ الذَّهَبِ،وَ أَسِرَّةً مِنَ الْفِضَّةِ مَفْرُوشَةً بِأَنْوَاعِ الْفُرُشِ الْفَاخِرَةِ،مُتَوَّجِينَ الْأَصْنَامَ بِتِيجَانٍ مُرَصَّعَةٍ بِالْجَوَاهِرِ وَ اللَّآلِئِ وَ الْيَوَاقِيتِ،وَ لِهَذِهِ الْأَصْنَامِ خَدَمٌ يَخْدُمُونَهَا تَعْظِيماً لَهَا.
Jibra'il said to Israfil (peace be upon them): "This is the first (testimony)." Allah, the Most High, had commanded them not to destroy the people until four testimonies were obtained from Lut regarding their wickedness and his cursing of them. Then the angels turned to Lut and said: "O Lut, night has fallen upon us, and we are your guests, so act accordingly." Lut said to them: "I have informed you that my people commit lewdness, approach males out of desire, and forsake women. Upon them is the curse of Allah." Jibra'il said to Israfil: "This is the second (testimony)."
Then Lut said to them: "Dismount from your rides and sit here until the darkness deepens; then enter, so none of them perceives you, for they are a wicked, transgressing people. Upon them is the curse of Allah." Jibra'il said to Israfil: "This is the third (testimony)."
Then Lut led them—after the night had darkened—ahead of him to his house, and the angels followed behind him until they entered his home. He shut the door upon them and called his wife, who was named Qawab. He said to her: "O woman, you have disobeyed for forty years, and these guests have filled my heart with fear. Spare me regarding them this night, and I will forgive what has passed." She said: "Yes."
Allah, the Most High, said: "Allah sets forth an example to those who disbelieve: the wife of Nuh and the wife of Lut; they were both under two of Our righteous servants, but they acted treacherously towards them." (Surah at-Tahrim, 66:10, M H Shakir translation) Their treachery was not in matters of chastity, for Allah does not test His prophets with such a thing, but the betrayal of Nuh’s wife (peace be upon him) was that she used to say to his people: "Do not beat him, for he is mad."
The king of his people was a tyrannical, powerful, and arrogant man named Dhuqil ibn ‘Awil ibn Lamak ibn Junh ibn Qabil. He was the first to drink wine, to sit on couches, and the first to command the crafting of iron, lead, and copper. He was also the first to adopt garments woven with gold. He and his people worshipped five idols: Wadd, Suwa’, Yaghuth, Ya’uq, and Nasr. These were originally the idols of the people of Idris (peace be upon him). Later, they multiplied their idols until they had one thousand nine hundred idols placed on thrones of gold and couches of silver, adorned with luxurious coverings. The idols were crowned with jeweled, pearl, and ruby-encrusted crowns, and these idols had servants who served them in reverence.
وَ خِيَانَةُ امْرَأَةِ لُوطٍ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ إِذَا رَأَتْ ضَيْفاً نَهَاراً أَدْخَنَتْ،وَ إِذَا أُنْزِلَ لَيْلاً أَوْقَدَتْ،فَعَلِمَ الْقَوْمُ أَنَّ هُنَاكَ ضُيُوفاً، فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ،خَرَجَتْ وَ بِيَدِهَا سِرَاجٌ كَأَنَّهَا تُرِيدُ أَنْ تُشْعِلَهُ،وَ طَافَتْ عَلَى جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهَا وَ أَهْلِهَا وَ أَخْبَرَتْهُمْ بِجَمَالِ الْقَوْمِ وَ بِحُسْنِهِمْ-قَالَ-فَعَلِمَ لُوطٌ بِذَلِكَ،فَأَغْلَقَ الْبَابَ وَ أَوْثَقَهُ،وَ أَقْبَلَ الْفُسَّاقُ يُهْرَعُونَ مِنْ كُلِّ جَانِبٍ وَ مَكَانٍ،وَ يُنَادُونَ،حَتَّى وَقَفُوا عَلَى بَابِ لُوطٍ،فَفَزَّعُوهُ،وَ ذَلِكَ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ جٰاءَهُ قَوْمُهُ يُهْرَعُونَ إِلَيْهِ [3]،أَيْ يُسْرِعُونَ إِلَيْهِ وَ مِنْ قَبْلُ كٰانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ السَّيِّئٰاتِ [4]-قَالَ-فَنَادَاهُمْ لُوطٌ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ قَالَ: يٰا قَوْمِ هٰؤُلاٰءِ بَنٰاتِي هُنَّ أَطْهَرُ لَكُمْ [5]،يَعْنِي بِالزَّوَاجِ وَ النِّكَاحِ إِنْ آمَنْتُمْ فَاتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ وَ لاٰ تُخْزُونِ فِي ضَيْفِي [6]،يَعْنِي لاَ تَفْضَحُونِي فِي ضِيَافَتِي أَ لَيْسَ مِنْكُمْ [7]يَا قَوْمِ رَجُلٌ رَشِيدٌ [8]أَيْ حَلِيمُ،يَأْمُرُكُمْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ،وَ يَنْهَاكُمْ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ؟فَقَالُوا لَهُ: لَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ مٰا لَنٰا فِي بَنٰاتِكَ مِنْ حَقٍّ [9]،أَيْ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ،وَ لاَ شَهْوَةَ لَنَا فِيهِنَّ وَ إِنَّكَ لَتَعْلَمُ مٰا نُرِيدُ [10]،يَعْنِي عَمَلَهُمُ الْخَبِيثَ،
The betrayal of the wife of Lut was that whenever she saw a guest during the day, she would signal by emitting smoke, and if a guest arrived at night, she would light a fire. This was so the people would know that there were guests in Lut's house. On that particular night, she went out carrying a lamp as if she intended to light it, and she circled among a group of her people and family, informing them about the beauty and attractiveness of the guests.
Lut became aware of this, so he closed and secured the door. The wicked people began rushing from every side and place, calling out until they gathered at Lut’s door, alarming him. This is the meaning of Allah’s saying: "And his people came to him, hastening to him." (Surah Hud, 11:78, M H Shakir translation) Meaning, they rushed towards him, "And before they had been doing evil deeds." (Surah Hud, 11:78, M H Shakir translation)
Then Lut (peace be upon him) called out to them and said: "O my people! These are my daughters; they are purer for you." (Surah Hud, 11:78, M H Shakir translation) Meaning, through lawful marriage if you believe, "So guard against (the punishment of) Allah and do not disgrace me about my guests." (Surah Hud, 11:78, M H Shakir translation) Meaning, do not shame me regarding my hospitality, "Is there not among you one right-minded man?" (Surah Hud, 11:78, M H Shakir translation) Meaning, someone who is wise and commands you to do good and forbids you from evil?
They said to him: "Certainly you know that we have no claim on your daughters." (Surah Hud, 11:79, M H Shakir translation) Meaning, we have no desire for them, "And most surely you know what we want." (Surah Hud, 11:79, M H Shakir translation) Referring to their vile, immoral act.
[1] التحريم 66:10.
[2] في«ج»و المصدر:درقيل.
[3] هود 11:78.
[4] هود 11:78.
[5] هود 11:78.
[6] هود 11:78.
[7] هود 11:78.
[8] هود 11:78.
[9] هود 11:79.
[10] هود 11:79.
Page 318 in Arabic
وَ هُوَ إِتْيَانُ الذُّكُورِ.
ثُمَّ كَسَرُوا الْبَابَ وَ دَخَلُوا،فَقَالُوا:يَا لُوطُ أَ وَ لَمْ نَنْهَكَ عَنِ الْعٰالَمِينَ [1]؟،يَعْنِي عَنِ النَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ -قَالَ-فَوَقَفَ لُوطٌ عَلَى الْبَابِ دُونَ أَضْيَافِهِ،وَ قَالَ:وَ اللَّهِ لاَ أُسْلِمُ أَضْيَافِي إِلَيْكُمْ وَ فِيَّ عِرْقٌ يَضْرِبُ دُونَ أَنْ تَذْهَبَ نَفْسِي،أَوْ لاَ أَقْدِرَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ،وَ ذَلِكَ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: لَوْ أَنَّ لِي بِكُمْ قُوَّةً أَوْ آوِي إِلىٰ رُكْنٍ شَدِيدٍ [2]،فَتَقَدَّمَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَيْهِ،فَلَطَمَ وَجْهَهُ،وَ أَخَذَ بِلِحْيَتِهِ،وَ دَفَعَهُ عَنِ الْبَابِ،فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ لُوطٌ: لَوْ أَنَّ لِي بِكُمْ قُوَّةً أَوْ آوِي إِلىٰ رُكْنٍ شَدِيدٍ -قَالَ-فَرَفَعَ لُوطٌ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ،وَ قَالَ:إِلَهِي خُذْ لِي مِنْ قَوْمِي حَقِّي،وَ الْعَنْهُمْ لَعْناً كَثِيراً، فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ لِإِسْرَافِيلَ:هَذِهِ الرَّابِعَةُ.
ثُمَّ قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ: يٰا لُوطُ إِنّٰا رُسُلُ رَبِّكَ لَنْ يَصِلُوا إِلَيْكَ [3]فَأَبْشِرْ،وَ لاَ تَحْزَنْ عَلَيْنَا.فَهَجَمَ الْقَوْمُ عَلَيْهِ، وَ هُمْ يَقُولُونَ: أَ وَ لَمْ نَنْهَكَ عَنِ الْعٰالَمِينَ ،أَيْ لاَ تُؤْوِي ضَيْفاً،فَرَأَوْا جَمَالَ الْقَوْمِ وَ حُسْنَ وُجُوهِهِمْ،فَبَادَرُوا نَحْوَهُمْ،فَطَمَسَ اللَّهُ عَلَى أَعْيُنِهِمْ،وَ إِذَا هُمْ عُمْيٌ لاَ يُبْصِرُونَ،وَ صَارَتْ وُجُوهُهُمْ كَالْقَارِ،وَ هُمْ يَدُورُونَ وَ وُجُوهُهُمْ تَضْرِبُ الْحِيطَانَ،فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَ لَقَدْ رٰاوَدُوهُ عَنْ ضَيْفِهِ فَطَمَسْنٰا أَعْيُنَهُمْ فَذُوقُوا عَذٰابِي وَ نُذُرِ [4]-قَالَ- وَ إِذَا نَفَرٌ آخَرُونَ قَدْ لَحِقُوا بِهِمْ،وَ نَادَوْهُمْ:إِنْ كُنْتُمْ قَضَيْتُمْ شَهْوَتَكُمْ مِنْهُمْ،فَاخْرُجُوا حَتَّى نَدْخُلَ وَ نَقْضِيَ شَهْوَتَنَا مِنْهُمْ.فَصَاحُوا:يَا قَوْمِ،إِنَّ لُوطاً أَتَى بِقَوْمٍ سَحَرَةٍ،لَقَدْ سَحَرُوا أَعْيُنَنَا،فَادْخُلُوا إِلَيْنَا وَ خُذُوا بِأَيْدِينَا.فَدَخَلُوا وَ أَخْرَجُوهُمْ،وَ قَالُوا:يَا لُوطُ،إِذَا أَصْبَحَ الصُّبْحُ نَأْتِيكَ وَ نُرِيكَ مَا تُحِبُّ؛فَسَكَتَ عَنْهُمْ لُوطٍ حَتَّى خَرَجُوا
.
1-/11:79 And that (vile act) was their approaching males. Then they broke down the door and entered, saying: "O Lut! Have we not forbidden you from (entertaining) the people?" (Surah Hud, 11:79, M H Shakir translation) Meaning, have we not forbidden you from hosting anyone at all?
Lut stood at the door blocking their way to his guests and said: "By Allah, I will not surrender my guests to you while there is still a single pulse in me or until my soul leaves me or I am entirely powerless." This is the meaning of Allah’s saying: "He said: O! That I had against you some power, or could betake myself to a strong support." (Surah Hud, 11:80, M H Shakir translation)
One of them stepped forward, struck Lut on his face, grabbed his beard, and pushed him away from the door. At that moment, Lut said: "O! That I had against you some power, or could betake myself to a strong support." (Surah Hud, 11:80, M H Shakir translation)
Then Lut (peace be upon him) raised his head to the sky and said: "My Lord, take my right from my people and curse them with a severe curse." Jibra'il said to Israfil: "This is the fourth (testimony)."
Then Jibra'il said: "O Lut! Surely we are the messengers of your Lord; they shall by no means reach you." (Surah Hud, 11:81, M H Shakir translation) So rejoice, and do not grieve for us.
The people rushed upon him, saying: "Have we not forbidden you from (entertaining) the people?" Meaning, not to host any guests. When they saw the beauty and attractiveness of Lut's guests, they hastened towards them. But Allah obliterated their eyes, and they became blind, unable to see, and their faces turned black like tar. They wandered, their faces striking the walls. This is the meaning of Allah’s saying: "And certainly they endeavored to turn him away from his guests, but We blinded their eyes; therefore taste My chastisement and My warning." (Surah al-Qamar, 54:37, M H Shakir translation)
A second group of people came to join them, calling out: "If you have satisfied your desire with them, bring them out so we too may fulfill our desires with them!" They shouted: "O people, Lut has brought sorcerers upon us! They have bewitched our eyes! Come to us, take us by the hand and lead us to them!" So they entered and brought out those who were inside, saying to Lut: "When morning comes, we will come to you and show you what you desire!" Lut remained silent until they left.
ثُمَّ قَالَ لُوطٌ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لِلْمَلاَئِكَةِ:بِمَاذَا أُرْسِلْتُمْ؟فَأَخْبَرُوهُ بِهَلاَكِ قَوْمِهِ،فَقَالَ:مَتَى ذَلِكَ؟فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): إِنَّ مَوْعِدَهُمُ الصُّبْحُ أَ لَيْسَ الصُّبْحُ بِقَرِيبٍ [5].فَقَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):اُخْرُجْ الْآنَ-يَا لُوطُ- فَأَسْرِ بِأَهْلِكَ بِقِطْعٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ [6]،يَعْنِي فِي آخِرِ اللَّيْلِ وَ لاٰ يَلْتَفِتْ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ إِلاَّ امْرَأَتَكَ [7]قُوَابَ إِنَّهُ مُصِيبُهٰا مٰا أَصٰابَهُمْ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ».
قَالَ:«فَجَمَعَ لُوطٌ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بَنَاتِهِ وَ أَهْلَهُ وَ مَوَاشِيَهُ وَ أَمْتِعَتَهُ،فَأَخْرَجَهُمْ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ،ثُمَّ قَالَ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):يَا لُوطُ قَدْ قَضَى رَبُّكَ أَنَّ دَابِرَ هَؤُلاَءِ مَقْطُوعٌ مُصْبِحِينَ.فَقَالَتْ لَهُ امْرَأَتُهُ:إِلَى أَيْنَ تَخْرُجُ-يَا لُوطُ- مِنْ دُورِكَ؟فَأَخْبَرَهَا أَنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ رُسُلُ رَبِّي،جَاءُوا لِهَلاَكِ الْمُدُنِ.فَقَالَتْ:يَا لُوطُ،وَ مَا لِرَبِّكَ مِنَ الْقُدْرَةِ حَتَّى يَقْدِرَ عَلَى هَلاَكِ هَؤُلاَءِ الْمَدَائِنِ السَّبْعِ؟!فَمَا اسْتَتَمَّتْ كَلاَمَهَا حَتَّى أَتَاهَا حَجَرٌ مِنْ حِجَارَةٍ السِّجِّيلِ،فَوَقَعَ عَلَى رَأْسِهَا فَأَهْلَكَهَا، وَ قِيلَ:إِنَّهَا بَقِيَتْ مَمْسُوخَةً حَجَراً أَسْوَدَ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً،ثُمَّ خُسِفَ بِهَا فِي بَطْنِ الْأَرْضِ».
5-/11:81 Then Lut (peace be upon him) said to the angels: "For what purpose have you been sent?" They informed him about the destruction of his people. He asked: "When will that be?" Jibra'il (peace be upon him) replied: "Surely the appointed time is the morning; is not the morning near?" (Surah Hud, 11:81, M H Shakir translation)
Jibra'il (peace be upon him) then said: "Leave now, O Lut, "So go forth with your family while a portion of the night still remains." (Surah Hud, 11:81, M H Shakir translation) Meaning, in the latter part of the night, "And let none of you turn back except your wife; surely she shall be overtaken by what befalls them." (Surah Hud, 11:81, M H Shakir translation) That is, Qawab, who will be struck by the same punishment as them.
Lut (peace be upon him) gathered his daughters, family, livestock, and belongings, and Jibra'il (peace be upon him) led them out of the city. Then Jibra'il (peace be upon him) said: "O Lut, your Lord has decreed that the remnant of these people will be cut off in the morning."
His wife said to him: "Where are you going, O Lut, leaving your home?" He informed her that these were messengers of his Lord sent for the destruction of the towns. She said: "O Lut, what power does your Lord have that He can destroy these seven towns?" No sooner had she finished her statement than a stone from the stones of baked clay (sijjil) descended upon her, struck her head, and destroyed her. It is also said that she remained transformed into a black stone for twenty years before she was swallowed into the earth.
[1] الحجر 15:70.
[2] هود 11:80.
[3] هود 11:81.
[4] القمر 54:37.
[5] هود 11:81.
[6] هود 11:81.
[7] هود 11:81.
Page 319 in Arabic
قَالَ:«وَ خَرَجَ لُوطٌ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مِنْ تِلْكَ الْمَدَائِنِ وَ إِذَا بِجَبْرَئِيلَ الْأَمِينَ قَدْ بَسَطَ جَنَاحَ الْغَضَبِ،وَ إِسْرَافِيلَ قَدْ جَمَعَ أَطْرَافَ الْمَدَائِنِ،وَ دَرْدَائِيلَ قَدْ جَعَلَ جَنَاحَهُ تَحْتَ تُخُومِ الْأَرْضِ السَّابِعَةِ،وَ عِزْرَائِيلَ قَدْ تَهَيَّأَ لِقَبْضِ أَرْوَاحِهِمْ
فِي حِرَابِ النِّيرَانِ،حَتَّى إِذَا بَرَزَ عَمُودُ الصُّبْحِ،صَاحَ جَبْرَئِيلُ الْأَمِينُ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ:يَا بِئْسَ صَبَاحُ قَوْمٍ كَافِرِينَ.وَ صَاحَ مِيكَائِيلُ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الثَّانِي:يَا بِئْسَ صَبَاحُ قَوْمٍ فَاسِقِينَ.وَ صَاحَ إِسْرَافِيلُ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الثَّالِثِ:يَا بِئْسَ صَبَاحُ قَوْمٍ مُجْرِمِينَ.وَ صَاحَ دَرْدَائِيلُ:يَا بِئْسَ صَبَاحُ قَوْمٍ ضَالِّينَ.وَ صَاحَ عِزْرَائِيلُ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ:يَا بِئْسَ صَبَاحُ قَوْمٍ غَافِلِينَ».
قَالَ:«فَقَلَعَ جَبْرَئِيلُ الْأَمِينُ-طَاوُسُ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ الْمُطَوَّقُ بِالنُّورِ،ذُو الْقُوَّةِ-تِلْكَ الْمَدَائِنَ السَّبْعَ عَنْ آخِرِهَا،مِنْ تَحْتِ تُخُومِ الْأَرْضِ السَّابِعَةِ السُّفْلَى بِجَنَاحِ الْغَضَبِ،حَتَّى بَلَغَ الْمَاءَ الْأَسْوَدَ،ثُمَّ رَفَعَهَا بِجِبَالِهَا،وَ وِدْيَانِهَا [1]، وَ أَشْجَارِهَا،وَ دُورِهَا،وَ غُرَفِهَا،وَ أَنْهَارِهَا،وَ مَزَارِعِهَا،وَ مَرَاعِيهَا،حَتَّى انْتَهَى بِهَا إِلَى الْبَحْرِ الْأَخْضَرِ الَّذِي فِي الْهَوَاءِ، حَتَّى سَمِعَ أَهْلُ السَّمَاءِ صِيَاحَ صِبْيَانِهِمْ،وَ نَبِيحَ كِلاَبِهِمْ،وَ صَقِيعَ [2] الدِّيَكَةِ،فَقَالُوا:مَنْ هَؤُلاَءِ الْمَغْضُوبُ عَلَيْهِمْ؟ فَقِيلَ:هَؤُلاَءِ قَوْمُ لُوطٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ).وَ لَمْ تَزَلْ كَذَلِكَ عَلَى جَنَاحِ جَبْرَئِيلَ،وَ هِيَ تَرْتَعِدُ كَأَنَّهَا سَعَفَةٌ فِي رِيحٍ عَاصِفٍ، تَنْتَظِرُ مَتَى يُؤْمَرَ بِهِمْ،فَنُودِيَ:دُرِ الْقُرَى بَعْضَهَا عَلَى بَعْضٍ.فَقَلَبَهَا جَبْرَئِيلُ الْأَمِينُ،وَ جَعَلَ عَالِيَهَا سَافِلَهَا،فَذَلِكَ مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَ الْمُؤْتَفِكَةَ أَهْوىٰ* فَغَشّٰاهٰا مٰا غَشّٰى [3]،يَعْنِي مِنْ رَمْيِ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ لَهُمْ بِالْحِجَارَةِ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ.
3-/53:53 Lut (peace be upon him) departed from those towns, and there was Jibra'il, the Trustworthy, spreading out the wing of wrath. Israfil had gathered together the edges of the towns. Darda'il had placed his wing beneath the depths of the seventh layer of the earth, and ‘Izra’il stood ready to seize their souls amid the flames of torment.
When the dawn's column appeared, Jibra'il, the Trustworthy, cried out at the top of his voice: "How evil is the morning of a disbelieving people!" Mika’il shouted from the second side: "How evil is the morning of a transgressing people!" Israfil called from the third side: "How evil is the morning of a criminal people!" Darda’il cried: "How evil is the morning of a misguided people!" And ‘Izra’il raised his voice, proclaiming: "How evil is the morning of a heedless people!"
Then Jibra'il, the Trustworthy—peacock of the angels, encircled with light, possessing great power—uprooted those seven towns completely from beneath the lowest seventh layer of the earth with the wing of wrath, until he reached the black water. Then he raised them up with their mountains, valleys, trees, houses, chambers, rivers, farmlands, and pastures, lifting them all the way to the green sea in the air, until the inhabitants of the heavens could hear the cries of their children, the barking of their dogs, and the crowing of their roosters. They asked: "Who are these upon whom wrath has been sent down?" It was said: "These are the people of Lut (peace be upon him)."
The towns remained like that, trembling on the wing of Jibra'il, quivering like a palm leaf in a violent wind, awaiting the command for their destruction. Then it was proclaimed: "Turn the towns upside down, piling them upon each other." So Jibra'il overturned them, making their highest parts their lowest. That is the meaning of the saying of Allah, the Most High: "And He overthrew the overthrown cities. So there covered them that which covered." (Surah an-Najm, 53:53-54, M H Shakir translation) Meaning, the stones cast upon them by the angels from above.
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: فَلَمّٰا جٰاءَ أَمْرُنٰا [4]يَعْنِي عَذَابَنَا جَعَلْنٰا عٰالِيَهٰا سٰافِلَهٰا وَ أَمْطَرْنٰا عَلَيْهٰا حِجٰارَةً مِنْ سِجِّيلٍ مَنْضُودٍ [5]يَعْنِي مُتَتَابِعٌ بَعْضُهُ عَلَى بَعْضٍ،وَ كُلُّ حَجَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اسْمُ صَاحِبِهِ-قَالَ-فَاسْتَيْقَظَ الْقَوْمُ وَ إِذَا هُمْ بِالْأَرْضِ تَهْوِي بِهِمْ مِنَ الْهَوَاءِ،وَ النِّيرَانُ مِنْ تَحْتِهِمْ،وَ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ تَقْذِفُهُمْ بِالْحِجَارَةِ وَ هِيَ مَطْبُوخَةٌ بِنَارِ جَهَنَّمَ،وَ هِيَ عَلَيْهِمْ كَالْمَطَرِ،فَسَاءَ صَبَاحُ الْمُنْذَرِينَ».
و
رُوِيَ عَنْ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ كَانَ غَائِباً عَنِ هَذِهِ الْمَدَائِنِ،مِمَّنْ كَانَ عَلَى مِثْلِ حَالِهِمْ فِي دِينِهِمْ وَ فِعْلِهِمْ أَتَاهُ الْحَجَرُ، فَانْقَضَّ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ حَتَّى قَتَلَهُ.
وَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)يَقُولُ:«إِنِّي لَأَسْمَعُ صَوْتَ الْقَوَاصِفِ مِنَ الرِّيحِ،وَ الرُّعُودِ، وَ أَحْسَبُ أَنَّهَا الْحِجَارَةُ الَّتِي وَعَدَ اللَّهُ بِهَا الظَّلَمَةَ،كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَ مٰا هِيَ مِنَ الظّٰالِمِينَ بِبَعِيدٍ [6]،وَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: قُلْ هُوَ الْقٰادِرُ عَلىٰ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذٰاباً مِنْ فَوْقِكُمْ [7]،يَعْنِي بِالْحِجَارَةِ أَوْ مِنْ تَحْتِ أَرْجُلِكُمْ [8]يَعْنِي الْخَسْفَ».
قال كعب:و جعل يخرج من تلك المدائن دخان أسود نتن لا يقدر أحد أن يشمه لنتن رائحته،و بقيت آثار المدائن و القوم يعتبر بها كل من يراها،فذلك معنى قوله تعالى: وَ لَقَدْ تَرَكْنٰا مِنْهٰا آيَةً بَيِّنَةً لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ .
4-/11:82 Allah, the Most High, said: "So when Our command came, We turned them upside down, and rained down upon them stones of baked clay, one after another." (Surah Hud, 11:82, M H Shakir translation) Meaning, one following the other in succession, and on each stone was written the name of its destined recipient.
It is narrated that the people woke up to find themselves falling to the earth from the air, with flames beneath them, while the angels pelted them with stones baked in the Fire of Hell. The stones came down upon them like rain— "How evil was the morning for those who were warned!"
It is also reported that every individual who was outside those towns but shared their beliefs and actions was struck by one of the stones, which descended upon his head until it killed him.
The Prophet Muhammad ibn Abdullah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) used to say: "I can hear the roaring sound of the winds and the thunder, and I suspect it to be the stones which Allah has promised for the wrongdoers, as Allah, the Most High, says: 'Nor is it far off from the unjust.' (Surah Hud, 11:83, M H Shakir translation) And His saying: 'Say: He has the power to send on you a punishment from above you,' (Surah al-An'am, 6:65, M H Shakir translation) meaning the stones, 'Or from beneath your feet,' (Surah al-An'am, 6:65, M H Shakir translation) meaning the swallowing of the earth."
Ka‘b said: And from those towns would rise black, foul-smelling smoke which no one could bear to inhale due to its stench. The ruins of the towns and their people remained as a sign for anyone who would reflect. This is the meaning of the saying of Allah, the Most High: "And certainly We have left a clear sign of it for a people who understand." (Surah al-‘Ankabut, 29:35, M H Shakir translation)
[1] في«ط،ي»:و دوابّها.
[2] صقيع الدّيك:صوته.«لسان العرب-صقع-8:203».
[3] النجم 53:53 و 54.
[4] هود 11:82.
[5] هود 11:82.
[6] هود 11:83.
[7] الأنعام 6:65.
[8] الأنعام 6:65.
Page 320 in Arabic
قال:«و مضى لوط(عليه السلام)إلى عمه إبراهيم(عليه السلام)،فأخبره بما نزل بقومه،فذلك معنى قوله تعالى:
وَ لُوطاً آتَيْنٰاهُ حُكْماً وَ عِلْماً وَ نَجَّيْنٰاهُ مِنَ الْقَرْيَةِ الَّتِي كٰانَتْ تَعْمَلُ الْخَبٰائِثَ إِنَّهُمْ كٰانُوا قَوْمَ سَوْءٍ فٰاسِقِينَ [1] ».
It is narrated that Lut (peace be upon him) went to his uncle Ibrahim (peace be upon him) and informed him of what had befallen his people. That is the meaning of the saying of Allah, the Most High: "And (as for) Lut, We gave him wisdom and knowledge, and We delivered him from the town which wrought abominations; surely they were an evil people, transgressors." (Surah al-Anbiya, 21:74, M H Shakir translation)