Ar-Ra'd Ayah 25

الرعد آيه 25

99-/5558 _7- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَرْحُومٍ،عَنْ أَبِي سَيَّارٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «إِذَا دَخَلَ الْمُؤْمِنُ فِي قَبْرِهِ،كَانَتِ الصَّلاَةُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ،وَ الزَّكَاةُ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ،وَ الْبِرُّ مُطِلٌّ عَلَيْهِ، وَ يَتَنَحَّى الصَّبْرُ نَاحِيَةً،فَإِذَا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَلَكَانِ اللَّذَانِ يَلِيَانِ مُسَاءَلَتَهُ،قَالَ الصَّبْرُ لِلصَّلاَةِ وَ الزَّكَاةِ وَ الْبِرِّ:دُونَكُمْ صَاحِبَكُمْ،فَإِنْ عَجَزْتُمْ عَنْهُ فَأَنَا دُونَهُ».

99-/5558: And from him: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Mahbub, from ‘Abd Allah ibn Marhum, from Abu Sayyar, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: When the believer enters his grave, the prayer is at his right, the zakat at his left, goodness overlooks him, and patience withdraws to one side. When the two angels who are to question him enter upon him, patience says to the prayer, zakat, and goodness: Take care of your companion; and if you are unable regarding him, then I am his protection.

99-/5559 _8- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ أَبِي وَلاَّدٍ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ، إِنَّ رَجُلاً مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا وَرِعاً مُسْلِماً كَثِيرَ الصَّلاَةِ،قَدِ ابْتُلِيَ بِحُبِّ اللَّهْوِ،وَ هُوَ يَسْمَعُ الْغِنَاءَ؟فَقَالَ:«أَ يَمْنَعُهُ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الصَّلاَةِ لِوَقْتِهَا،أَوْ مِنْ صَوْمٍ،أَوْ مِنْ عِيَادَةِ مَرِيضٍ،أَوْ حُضُورِ جِنَازَةٍ،أَوْ زِيَارَةِ أَخٍ؟»قَالَ:قُلْتُ:لاَ،لَيْسَ يَمْنَعُهُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ وَ الْبِرِّ.قَالَ:فَقَالَ:«هَذَا مِنْ خُطُوَاتِ الشَّيْطَانِ،مَغْفُورٌ لَهُ ذَلِكَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ».

ثُمَّ قَالَ:«إِنَّ طَائِفَةً مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ عَابُوا وُلْدَ آدَمَ فِي اللَّذَّاتِ وَ الشَّهَوَاتِ،أَعْنِي لَكُمُ الْحَلاَلَ لَيْسَ الْحَرَامَ،-قَالَ- فَأَنِفَ اللَّهُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ وُلْدِ آدَمَ مِنْ تَعْيِيرِ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ لَهُمْ-قَالَ-فَأَلْقَى اللَّهُ فِي هَمِّ أُولَئِكَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ اللَّذَّاتِ وَ الشَّهَوَاتِ، كَيْلاَ يَعِيبُوا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ-قَالَ-فَلَمَّا جَرَى ذَلِكَ فِي [1] هَمِّهِمْ،عَجُّوا إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ،فَقَالُوا:رَبَّنَا عَفْوَكَ عَفْوَكَ،رُدَّنَا إِلَى مَا خَلَقْتَنَا لَهُ وَ اخْتَرْتَنَا [2] عَلَيْهِ،فَإِنَّا نَخَافُ أَنْ نَصِيرَ فِي أَمْرٍ مَرِيجٍ [3]-قَالَ-فَنَزَعَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ هَمِّهِمْ-قَالَ-فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ،وَ صَارَ أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ،اسْتَأْذَنَ أُولَئِكَ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ،فَيُؤْذَنُ لَهُمْ،فَيَدْخُلُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَيُسَلِّمُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ،وَ يَقُولُونَ لَهُمْ: سَلاٰمٌ عَلَيْكُمْ بِمٰا صَبَرْتُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا عَنِ اللَّذَّاتِ وَ الشَّهَوَاتِ الْحَلاَلِ».

99-/5559: Al-‘Ayyashi: from al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from Abu Walad, who said: I said to Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): May I be your ransom, a man from among our companions, pious, a Muslim, much in prayer, has been tested with a love of diversion, and he listens to singing. He said: Does that prevent him from performing the prayer at its time, or from fasting, or from visiting the sick, or attending a funeral, or visiting a brother? He said: I replied: No, it does not prevent him from anything of goodness and virtue. He said: Then he said: This is among the steps of Satan; it is forgiven for him, God willing. Then he said: A group of the angels reproached the children of Adam for pleasures and desires—I mean for you the lawful, not the unlawful. He said: So God showed honor for the believers among the children of Adam from the taunting of the angels toward them. He said: God cast into the thoughts of those angels the pleasures and desires, so that they would not reproach the believers. He said: When that ran in their thoughts [1], they cried out to God about it, and said: Our Lord, Your pardon, Your pardon! Return us to that for which You created us and which You [2] chose us for, for we fear that we may end up in a confused matter [3]. He said: So God removed that from their thoughts. He said: Then when it is the Day of Resurrection, and the people of the Garden are in the Garden, those angels will seek permission to enter upon the people of the Garden, and permission will be granted to them; they will enter upon them, greet them, and say to them: Peace be upon you for what you were patient over in the world, of lawful pleasures and desires.

99-/5560 _9- عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْهَيْثَمِ،عَنْ رَجُلٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): سَلاٰمٌ عَلَيْكُمْ بِمٰا صَبَرْتُمْ عَلَى الْفَقْرِ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَنِعْمَ عُقْبَى الدّٰارِ -قَالَ-يَعْنِي الشُّهَدَاءَ».

99-/5560: From Muhammad ibn al-Haytham, from a man, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): “Peace be upon you for what you were patient over—poverty in the world—so excellent is the ultimate abode.” He said: Meaning, the martyrs. [Qur’an 13:24, M. H. Shakir: Peace be on you because you were constant, how excellent, is then, the ultimate abode.]

و سيأتي-إن شاء اللّه تعالى-معنى قوله: وَ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ يَدْخُلُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ كُلِّ بٰابٍ في سورة مريم،في قوله تعالى: يَوْمَ نَحْشُرُ الْمُتَّقِينَ إِلَى الرَّحْمٰنِ وَفْداً [4].

And there will come—God Most High willing—the meaning of His saying: “And the angels shall enter upon them from every gate,” in Surah Maryam, in His saying: “The day that We will gather the righteous to the Beneficent God to receive honors.” [4] [Qur’an 19:85, M. H. Shakir: The day that We will gather the righteous to the Beneficent God to receive honors.]

قوله تعالى:

وَ الَّذِينَ يَنْقُضُونَ عَهْدَ اللّٰهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مِيثٰاقِهِ وَ يَقْطَعُونَ مٰا أَمَرَ اللّٰهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ [25]

His saying, the Exalted:

And those who break the covenant of Allah after its confirmation and cut asunder what Allah has ordered to be joined. [Qur’an 13:25, M. H. Shakir: And those who break the covenant of Allah after its confirmation and cut asunder what Allah has ordered to be joined, and make mischief in the land; these it is that are the losers.]

_7) -الكافي 2:8/73.

_7) -al-Kāfī 2:8/73.

_8) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:42/211.

_8) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:42/211.

_9) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:43/211.

_9) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:43/211.

[1] في المصدر:فلمّا أحسوا ذلك من.

[1] fī al-maṣdar: falammā aḥassū dhālika min.

[2] في المصدر:أجبرتنا.

[2] fī al-maṣdar: ajbartanā.

[3] مرج الأمر و مروجا،مرجا:التبس و اختلط فهو مارج،و مريج.«المعجم الوسيط-مرج-2:860».

[3] maraja al-amr wa marūjan, marjan: iltabasa wa ikhtalaṭa fahuwa mārij, wa marīj. “al-Mu‘jam al-Wasīṭ – maraj – 2:860”.

[4] مريم 19:85.

[4] Maryam 19:85.

تقدم عن قريب حديث في معنى هذه الآية،في قوله تعالى: اَلَّذِينَ يُوفُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللّٰهِ وَ لاٰ يَنْقُضُونَ الْمِيثٰاقَ* وَ الَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ مٰا أَمَرَ اللّٰهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ رواية محمّد بن الفضيل،عن أبي الحسن(عليه السلام) [1].

A hadith was mentioned shortly before concerning the meaning of this verse, in His saying, the Exalted: “Those who fulfill the covenant of Allah and do not break the pact; and those who join what Allah has commanded to be joined,” the narration of Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl from Abu al-Hasan (peace be upon him). [1]

[1] تقدم في الحديث(7)من تفسير الآيات(20-21)من سورة الرعد.

[1] taqaddama fī al-ḥadīth (7) min tafsīr al-āyāt (20–21) min Sūrat al-Ra‘d.

قوله تعالى:

اَلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ تَطْمَئِنُّ قُلُوبُهُمْ بِذِكْرِ اللّٰهِ -إلى قوله تعالى- طُوبىٰ لَهُمْ وَ حُسْنُ مَآبٍ [28-29]

His saying, the Exalted:

Those who believe and whose hearts are set at rest by the remembrance of Allah… to His saying: Good news is for them and a beautiful return. [Qur’an 13:28–29, M. H. Shakir: Those who believe and whose hearts are set at rest by the remembrance of Allah; now surely by Allah’s remembrance are the hearts set at rest. Those who believe and do good, a good final state is theirs and a goodly return.]

99-/5561 _1-علي بن إبراهيم،قال: اَلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا :الشيعة،و ذكر اللّه:أمير المؤمنين و الأئمة(عليهم السلام)،ثمّ قال:

أَلاٰ بِذِكْرِ اللّٰهِ تَطْمَئِنُّ الْقُلُوبُ* اَلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ عَمِلُوا الصّٰالِحٰاتِ طُوبىٰ لَهُمْ وَ حُسْنُ مَآبٍ أي حسن مرجع.

99-/5561: ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: “Those who believe”: the Shi‘a; and “the remembrance of Allah”: the Commander of the Faithful and the Imams (peace be upon them). Then he said: “Lo! by the remembrance of Allah do the hearts find rest. Those who believe and do good—good news is for them and a beautiful return,” that is, a good outcome.

99-/5562 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ نَجِيحٍ،عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ: أَلاٰ بِذِكْرِ اللّٰهِ تَطْمَئِنُّ الْقُلُوبُ .

فَقَالَ:«بِمُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ السَّلاَمُ)تَطْمَئِنُّ الْقُلُوبُ،وَ هُوَ ذِكْرُ اللَّهِ وَ حِجَابُهُ».

99-/5562: Al-‘Ayyashi: from Khalid ibn Najih, from Ja‘far ibn Muhammad (peace be upon them both), regarding His saying: “Lo! by the remembrance of Allah do the hearts find rest.” He said: By Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family) do the hearts find rest; he is the remembrance of God and His veil.

99-/5563 _3- وَ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ،أَنَّهُ قَالَ:قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): اَلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ تَطْمَئِنُّ قُلُوبُهُمْ بِذِكْرِ اللّٰهِ أَلاٰ بِذِكْرِ اللّٰهِ تَطْمَئِنُّ الْقُلُوبُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي:«أَ تَدْرِي يَا ابْنَ أُمِّ سُلَيْمٍ،مَنْ هُمْ؟»قُلْتُ:مَنْ هُمْ،يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟قَالَ:

«نَحْنُ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ،وَ شِيعَتُنَا».

99-/5563: And from Anas ibn Malik, that he said: The Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) said: “Those who believe and whose hearts are set at rest by the remembrance of Allah—lo! by Allah’s remembrance are the hearts set at rest.” Then he said to me: Do you know, O son of Umm Sulaym, who they are? I said: Who are they, O Messenger of God? He said: We are the People of the House, and our Shi‘a.

99-/5564 _4- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «طُوبَى:شَجَرَةٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ،فِي دَارِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ شِيعَتِهِ إِلاَّ وَ فِي دَارِهِ غُصْنٌ مِنْ أَغْصَانِهَا،وَ الْوَرَقَةُ مِنْ أَوْرَاقِهَا تَسْتَظِلُّ تَحْتَهَا أُمَّةٌ مِنَ الْأُمَمِ».

وَ قَالَ:«كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)يُكْثِرُ تَقْبِيلَ فَاطِمَةَ(عَلَيْهَا السَّلاَمُ)،فَأَنْكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ عَائِشَةُ،فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):يَا عَائِشَةُ،إِنِّي لَمَّا أُسْرِيَ بِي إِلَى السَّمَاءِ،دَخَلْتُ الْجَنَّةَ،فَأَدْنَانِي جَبْرَئِيلُ مِنْ شَجَرَةِ طُوبَى،

99-/5564: ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: My father narrated to me, from al-Hasan ibn Mahbub, from ‘Ali ibn Ri’ab, from Abu ‘Ubaydah, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: Tuba is a tree in the Garden, in the abode of the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), and there is no one of his Shi‘a except that in his abode is a branch of its branches; and a single leaf of its leaves provides shade under which a nation among the nations takes shelter. And he said: The Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) used to frequently kiss Fatimah (peace be upon her), and ‘A’ishah found that objectionable. So the Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) said: O ‘A’ishah, when I was made to ascend to the heaven, I entered the Garden, and Gabriel brought me near to the Tree of Tuba…

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:365.

_1) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:365.

_2) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:44/211.

_2) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:44/211.

_3) -...خصائص الوحي المبين:138/185،تأويل الآيات 1:11/233 و فيه:عن ابن عبّاس،و لا يصحّ،لأنّ أمّ سليم الوارد ذكرها في الخبر هي أمّ أنس و ليست أمّ ابن عبّاس.

_3) -...Khaṣā’iṣ al-Waḥy al-Mubīn: 138/185, Ta’wīl al-Āyāt 1:11/233, wa fīhi: ‘an Ibn ‘Abbās, wa lā ṣiḥḥ, li’anna Umm Sulaym al-wārid dhikruhā fī al-khabar hiya Umm Anas wa laysat Umm Ibn ‘Abbās.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:365.

_4) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:365.