S 56 Ayat 75 to 76

قوله تعالى:

فَلاٰ أُقْسِمُ بِمَوٰاقِعِ النُّجُومِ* وَ إِنَّهُ لَقَسَمٌ لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عَظِيمٌ [75-76]

Surah Al-Waqi'ah (56), Ayahs 75–76:

1. But nay! I swear by the falling of stars
2. And most surely it is a very great oath if you only knew

99-/10434 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَلاٰ أُقْسِمُ بِمَوٰاقِعِ النُّجُومِ ،قَالَ:«كَانَ أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَحْلِفُونَ بِهَا، فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَلاٰ أُقْسِمُ بِمَوٰاقِعِ النُّجُومِ .قَالَ:«عَظُمَ أَمْرُ[مَنْ]يَحْلِفُ بِهَا».

قَالَ:«وَ كَانَتِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةُ يُعَظِّمُونَ الْحَرَمَ وَ لاَ يُقْسِمُونَ بِهِ وَ لاَ بِشَهْرِ رَجَبٍ،وَ لاَ يَعْرِضُونَ فِيهِمَا لِمَنْ كَانَ فِيهَا ذَاهِباً أَوْ جَائِياً،وَ إِنْ كَانَ[قَدْ]قَتَلَ أَبَاهُ،وَ لاَ لِشَيْءٍ[يَخْرُجُ]مِنَ الْحَرَمِ دَابَّةٍ أَوْ شَاةٍ أَوْ بَعِيرٍ أَوْ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ،فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِنَبِيِّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): لاٰ أُقْسِمُ بِهٰذَا الْبَلَدِ* وَ أَنْتَ حِلٌّ بِهٰذَا الْبَلَدِ [1]»قَالَ:«فَبَلَغَ مِنْ جَهْلِهِمْ أَنَّهُمُ اسْتَحَلُّوا قَتْلَ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ عَظَّمُوا أَيَّامَ الشَّهْرِ حَيْثُ يُقْسِمُونَ بِهِ[فَيَفُونَ]».

99-/10434 Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb, from ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm, from Hārūn ibn Muslim, from Masʿadah ibn Ṣadaqah, who said:

Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: “But nay! I swear by the falling of the stars” [Qur’an 56:75], said: “The people of the Jāhiliyyah (pre-Islamic ignorance) used to swear by them, so Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, said: ‘But nay! I swear by the falling of the stars.’ He said: ‘The matter of those who swore by them was indeed grave.’”

He said: “And the people of Jāhiliyyah used to venerate the Ḥaram (sanctuary) and would not swear by it, nor by the month of Rajab, nor would they violate the sanctity of either of them by harming anyone going to or coming from there — even if he had killed their father. Nor would they interfere with anything that came out of the Ḥaram, whether it was a beast, a sheep, a camel, or anything else.

So Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, said to His Prophet (blessings of Allah be upon him and his family): ‘Nay! I swear by this city – And you shall be made free of it’ [Qur’an 90:1–2].

He said: ‘Such was the extent of their ignorance — that they deemed it lawful to kill the Prophet (blessings of Allah be upon him and his family), while they revered the days of the sacred month and would fulfill oaths sworn by it.’”

99-/10435 _2- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ،عَنْ يُونُسَ،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَلاٰ أُقْسِمُ بِمَوٰاقِعِ النُّجُومِ ،قَالَ:«آثِمٌ [2]مَنْ يَحْلِفُ بِهَا».

قَالَ:«وَ كَانَ أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يُعَظِّمُونَ الْحَرَمَ،وَ لاَ يُقْسِمُونَ بِهِ،وَ يَسْتَحِلُّونَ حُرْمَةَ اللَّهِ فِيهِ،وَ لاَ يَعْرِضُونَ لِمَنْ كَانَ فِيهِ،وَ لاَ يُخْرِجُونَ مِنْهُ دَابَّةً،فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: لاٰ أُقْسِمُ بِهٰذَا الْبَلَدِ* وَ أَنْتَ حِلٌّ بِهٰذَا الْبَلَدِ* وَ وٰالِدٍ وَ مٰا وَلَدَ [3]قَالَ:«يُعَظِّمُونَ الْبَلَدَ أَنْ يَحْلِفُوا بِهِ وَ يَسْتَحِلُّونَ فِيهِ حُرْمَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)».

99-/10435 And from him, from ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm, from his father, from Ismāʿīl ibn Marrār, from Yūnus, from one of our companions, who said:

I asked him about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: “But nay! I swear by the falling of the stars” [Qur’an 56:75]. He said: “The one who swears by them is sinful.” [2]

He said: “The people of the Jāhiliyyah used to venerate the Ḥaram and would not swear by it, yet they violated Allah’s sanctity within it. They would not harm anyone within it, nor drive out from it any beast.

So Allah, Blessed and Exalted, said: ‘Nay! I swear by this city – And you shall be made free of it – And the begetter and whom he begot’ [Qur’an 90:1–3]. [3] He said: ‘They honored the city too greatly to swear by it, yet they made lawful within it the violation of the sanctity of the Messenger of Allah (blessings of Allah be upon him and his family).’”

[2] The one who swears by them is āthim — sinful. [3] Qur’an [90:1–3] – “Nay! I swear by this city – And you shall be made free of it – And the begetter and whom he begot.” – M. H. Shakir

99-/10436 _3- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ فِي(الْفَقِيهِ):بِإِسْنَادِهِ،عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْجُعْفِيِّ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فَلاٰ أُقْسِمُ بِمَوٰاقِعِ النُّجُومِ* وَ إِنَّهُ لَقَسَمٌ لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عَظِيمٌ :

«يَعْنِي بِهِ الْيَمِينَ بِالْبَرَرَةِ [4]مِنَ الْأَئِمَّةِ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،يَحْلِفُ بِهَا الرَّجُلُ،يَقُولُ:إِنَّ ذَلِكَ عِنْدِي [5]عَظِيمٌ». و هذا الحديث

في(نوادر الحكمة).

99-/10436 Ibn Bābawayh in al-Faqīh, through his chain of transmission, from al-Mufaḍḍal ibn ʿUmar al-Juʿfī, who said:

I heard Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon him) say regarding the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: “But nay! I swear by the falling of the stars – And most surely it is a great oath, if you knew” [Qur’an 56:75–76]: “He means by it the oath by the righteous ones (al-barrarah) from among the Imāms (peace be upon them). A man swears by them, saying: ‘Indeed, that is something great to me.’”

And this ḥadīth is found in Nawādir al-Ḥikmah.

[4] al-barrarah – the righteous ones. [5] In the source: ‘Indeed, that is something great to me.’

_1) -الكافي 7:4/450.

_2) -الكافي 7:5/45.

_3) -من لا يحضره الفقيه 3:1123/237.

[1] البلد 90:1،2.

[2] في المصدر:أعظم إثم.

[3] البلد 90:1-3.

[4] في المصدر:بالبراءة.

[5] في المصدر:عند اللّه.

Page 271 in Arabic

99-/10437 _4- الطَّبْرِسِيُّ،قَالَ:رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ): «أَنَّ مَوَاقِعَ النُّجُومِ:رُجُومُهَا لِلشَّيَاطِينِ».

99-/10437 Al-Ṭabrisī said: It is narrated from Abū Jaʿfar and Abū ʿAbdillāh (peace be upon them both) that: “The falling of the stars (Mawāqiʿ al-nujūm) refers to their being hurled at the devils.”

99-/10438 _5- الشَّيْبَانِيُّ فِي(نَهْجِ الْبَيَانِ)،قَالَ:رُوِيَ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ):أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «كَانَ أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَحْلِفُونَ بِالنُّجُومِ،فَقَالَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ:لاَ أَحْلِفُ بِهَا،وَ قَالَ:مَا أَعْظَمَ إِثْمَ مَنْ يَحْلِفُ بِهَا،وَ إِنَّهُ لَقَسَمٌ عَظِيمٌ عِنْدَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ».

99-/10438 Al-Shaybānī in Nahj al-Bayān, said: It is narrated from al-Ṣādiq, Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad (peace be upon them both), that he said: “The people of Jāhiliyyah used to swear by the stars. So Allah, Glorified is He, said: ‘I do not swear by them.’ And He said: ‘How great is the sin of one who swears by them! And indeed, it was a great oath in the eyes of the people of Jāhiliyyah.’”