Bismillah

بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

[1] 99-/256 _1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ مُوسَى ابْنِ جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ). قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ حَرِيزٍ [1]،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ). قَالَ:وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ،عَنْ حَمَّادٍ،وَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي نَجْرَانَ،وَ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ. [2] قَالَ:وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ،وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ،عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ،عَنْ جَابِرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ). قَالَ:وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ حَمَّادٍ،عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ،وَ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ،وَ عَنْ كُلْثُومِ بْنِ الْهَرَمِ [3]،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَنَانٍ،وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْكَانَ،وَ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ،وَ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ،وَ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ،وَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جُنْدَبٍ،وَ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ،عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ). قَالَ:وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ حَنَانٍ،وَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ الْقَدَّاحِ،وَ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ شَرِيكٍ الْعَامِرِيِّ، عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ،وَ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،قَالاَ فِي تَفْسِيرِ بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ . قَالَ:وَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الرَّاشِدِيِّ،وَ صَالِحِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،وَ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ [4]الْحَلَبِيِّ، وَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مَرَّارٍ،وَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الصَّلْتِ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَحْيَى [5]،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ تَفْسِيرِ بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ قَالَ:«الْبَاءُ بَهَاءُ اللَّهِ،وَ السِّينُ سَنَاءُ اللَّهِ، وَ الْمِيمُ مُلْكُ اللَّهِ،وَ اللَّهُ إِلَهُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ،وَ الرَّحْمَنُ بِجَمِيعِ خَلْقِهِ،وَ الرَّحِيمُ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ خَاصَّةً».

99-/256: He said regarding the interpretation of “In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful”: “The bā’ is the beauty of Allah, the sīn is the radiance of Allah, and the mīm is the dominion of Allah. ‘Allah’ is the God of everything; ‘the All-beneficent’ is towards all His creation; and ‘the All-merciful’ is especially towards the believers.”

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:27.

al-Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:27.

[1] في المصدر:حريف،تصحيف صوابه ما في المتن،راجع رجال النجاشيّ:375/144.

[2] في«س»،«ط»:عن عقبة،و لعلّ الصواب ما أثبتناه من المصدر.راجع جامع الرواة 1:593،معجم رجال الحديث 12:96. [3]

في المصدر:كلثوم بن العدم.راجع معجم رجال الحديث 14:119. [4]

في«س»:يحيى بن أبي عمير،و الصواب ما في المتن.راجع جامع الرواة 2:324،معجم رجال الحديث20:26

[5]في«س»،«ط»:عن أبي يحيى،و لعلّ الصواب ما أثبتناه من المصدر.راجع معجم رجال الحديث 12:221.

99-/257 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ،عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ تَفْسِيرِ بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ ،قَالَ:«الْبَاءُ بَهَاءُ اللَّهِ،وَ السِّينُ سَنَاءُ اللَّهِ،وَ الْمِيمُ مَجْدُ اللَّهِ-وَ رَوَى بَعْضُهُمْ:اَلْمِيمُ مُلْكُ اللَّهِ-وَ اللَّهُ إِلَهُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ،الرَّحْمَنُ بِجَمِيعِ خَلْقِهِ،وَ الرَّحِيمُ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ خَاصَّةً».

99-/257: I asked Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him) about the interpretation of “In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful.” He said: “The bā’ is the beauty of Allah, the sīn is the radiance of Allah, and the mīm is the glory of Allah—some narrate: the mīm is the dominion of Allah. ‘Allah’ is the God of everything; ‘the All-beneficent’ is towards all His creation; and ‘the All-merciful’ is especially towards the believers.”

_2) -الكافي 1:1/89.

al-Kāfī 1:1/89.

99-/258 _3- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ،عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) عَنْ أَسْمَاءِ اللَّهِ وَ اشْتِقَاقِهَا،وَ اللَّهُ مِمَّ هُوَ مُشْتَقٌّ؟فَقَالَ:«يَا هِشَامُ،اللَّهُ مُشْتَقٌّ مِنْ إِلَهٍ،وَ الْإِلَهُ يَقْتَضِي مَأْلُوهاً،وَ الاِسْمُ غَيْرُ الْمُسَمَّى،فَمَنْ عَبَدَ الاِسْمَ دُونَ الْمَعْنَى فَقَدْ كَفَرَ وَ لَمْ يَعْبُدْ شَيْئاً،وَ مَنْ عَبَدَ الاِسْمَ وَ الْمَعْنَى فَقَدْ أَشْرَكَ وَ عَبَدَ اثْنَيْنِ، وَ مَنْ عَبَدَ الْمَعْنَى دُونَ الاِسْمِ فَذَاكَ التَّوْحِيدُ،

أَ فَهِمْتَ يَا هِشَامُ؟».

قَالَ:قُلْتُ زِدْنِي.قَالَ:«لِلَّهِ تِسْعَةٌ وَ تِسْعُونَ اسْماً،فَلَوْ كَانَ الاِسْمُ هُوَ الْمُسَمَّى لَكَانَ كُلُّ اسْمٍ مِنْهَا إِلَهاً،وَ لَكِنْ لِلَّهِ مَعْنًى يَدُلُّ عَلَيْهِ بِهَذِهِ الْأَسْمَاءِ،وَ كُلُّهَا غَيْرُهُ.

يَا هِشَامُ،الْخُبْزُ اسْمٌ لِلْمَأْكُولِ،وَ الْمَاءُ اسْمٌ لِلْمَشْرُوبِ،وَ الثَّوْبُ اسْمٌ لِلْمَلْبُوسِ،وَ النَّارُ اسْمٌ لِلْمُحْرِقِ، [1]أَ فَهِمْتَ-يَا هِشَامُ-فَهْماً تَدْفَعُ بِهِ وَ تُنَاضِلُ بِهِ أَعْدَاءَ اللَّهِ،الْمُتَّخِذِينَ مَعَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ غَيْرَهُ؟».

قُلْتُ:نَعَمْ،فَقَالَ:«نَفَعَكَ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَ ثَبَّتَكَ،يَا هِشَامُ». قَالَ هِشَامٌ:فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا قَهَرَنِي أَحَدٌ فِي التَّوْحِيدِ حَتَّى قُمْتُ مَقَامِي هَذَا.

99-/258: Hishām b. al-Hakam asked Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him) about the Names of Allah and their derivation—“From what is ‘Allah’ derived?” He said: “O Hishām, ‘Allah’ is derived from ‘ilāh (deity),’ and ‘ilāh’ entails one who is worshiped. The name is other than the named. Whoever worships the name without the meaning has disbelieved and has worshiped nothing; whoever worships both the name and the meaning has associated partners and worshiped two; but whoever worships the meaning without the name—that is tawḥīd.

Do you understand, O Hishām?”

I said, “Increase me.” He said: “Allah has ninety-nine names. If the name were the very named, each name would be a god. Rather, Allah has a reality indicated by these names, and all of them are other than Him. O Hishām, ‘bread’ is a name for what is eaten, ‘water’ a name for what is drunk, ‘garment’ a name for what is worn, and ‘fire’ a name for what burns.

Have you grasped, O Hishām, an understanding by which you can repel and contend with the enemies of Allah who take others along with Allah, Mighty and Majestic?” I said, “Yes.”

He said, “May Allah benefit you by it and make you firm, O Hishām.” Hishām said: “By Allah, no one has ever overcome me in [the matter of] tawḥīd since that day.”

_3) -الكافي 1:2/89.

al-Kāfī 1:2/89.

[1] في«س»:الحرق.

99-/259 _4- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ،عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْحَسَنِ ابْنِ رَاشِدٍ،عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: سُئِلَ عَنْ مَعْنَى اللَّهِ،فَقَالَ:«اسْتَوْلَى عَلَى مَا دَقَّ وَ جَلَّ». [2]

99-/259: He was asked about the meaning of ‘Allah.’ He said: “He has mastery over all that is subtle and all that is great.”

_4) -الكافي 1:3/89.

al-Kāfī 1:3/89.

[2] ما دقّ و جلّ:حقر و عظم.«مجمع البحرين-دقق-5:162».

99-/260 _5- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ:عَنْ أَبِيهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَ مُوسَى بْنِ عُمَرَ،وَ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ،عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنِ الاِسْمِ، مَا هُوَ؟فَقَالَ:«صِفَةٌ لِمَوْصُوفٍ».

99-/260: I asked Abū al-Hasan al-Riḍā (peace be upon him) about “the name”—what is it? He said: “A quality that pertains to a bearer (a description of One described).”

_5) -معاني الأخبار:1/2.

Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār: 1/2.

99-/261 _6- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ،عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ،عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ ،فَقَالَ:«الْبَاءُ بَهَاءُ اللَّهِ،وَ السِّينُ سَنَاءُ اللَّهِ،وَ الْمِيمُ مُلْكُ اللَّهِ».

قَالَ:قُلْتُ:اَللَّهُ؟قَالَ:«الْأَلِفُ آلاَءُ اللَّهِ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ مِنَ النَّعِيمِ بِوَلاَيَتِنَا،وَ اللاَّمُ إِلْزَامُ اللَّهِ خَلْقَهُ وَلاَيَتَنَا». قُلْتُ:فَالْهَاءُ؟قَالَ:«هَوَانٌ لِمَنْ خَالَفَ مُحَمَّداً وَ آلَ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ)».

قُلْتُ:اَلرَّحْمَنُ؟قَالَ:«بِجَمِيعِ الْعَالَمِ». قُلْتُ:اَلرَّحِيمُ؟قَالَ:«بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ خَاصَّةً».

99-/261: He was asked about “In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful.” He said: “The bā’ is the beauty of Allah, the sīn is the radiance of Allah, and the mīm is the dominion of Allah.” I said: “‘Allah’?” He replied: “The alif is Allah’s favors upon His creation—of bliss—by our guardianship; and the lām is Allah’s imposing upon His creation our guardianship.” I said: “Then the hā’?” He said: “Humiliation for whoever opposes Muḥammad and the family of Muḥammad (may Allah’s blessings be upon them all).” I said: “‘the All-beneficent’?” He said: “Towards all the worlds.” I said: “‘the All-merciful’?” He said: “Especially towards the believers.”

_6) -معاني الأخبار:2/3.

Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār: 2/3.

99-/262 _7- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الطَّالَقَانِيُّ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ ابْنِ سَعِيدٍ مَوْلَى بَنِي هَاشِمٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا عَلِيَّ بْنَ مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ فَقَالَ:«مَعْنَى قَوْلِ الْقَائِلِ:بِسْمِ اللَّهِ،أَيْ:أُسَمِّي عَلَى نَفْسِي سِمَةً مِنْ سِمَاتِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ هِيَ الْعِبَادَةُ». قَالَ:فَقُلْتُ لَهُ:وَ مَا السِّمَةُ؟قَالَ:«الْعَلاَمَةُ».

99-/262: I asked al-Riḍā ‘Alī b. Mūsā (peace be upon him) about “In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful.” He said: “The meaning of one’s saying, ‘In the Name of Allah’ is: I place upon myself a mark from among the marks of Allah, Mighty and Majestic—and it is worship.” I said to him, “What is ‘mark’ (sima)?” He said: “A sign.”

_7) -معاني الأخبار:1/3.

Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār: 1/3.

99-/263 _8- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ الْجُرْجَانِيُّ الْمُفَسِّرُ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو يَعْقُوبَ يُوسُفُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،وَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَيَّارٍ،وَ كَانَا مِنَ الشِّيعَةِ الْإِمَامِيَّةِ،عَنْ أَبَوَيْهِمَا،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ ،فَقَالَ:«هُوَ اللَّهُ الَّذِي يَتَأَلَّهُ [1] إِلَيْهِ عِنْدَ الْحَوَائِجِ وَ الشَّدَائِدِ كُلُّ مَخْلُوقٍ،عِنْدَ انْقِطَاعِ الرَّجَاءِ عَنْ كُلِّ مَنْ هُوَ دُونَهُ،وَ تَقَطُّعِ الْأَسْبَابِ مِنْ جَمِيعِ مَنْ سِوَاهُ، تَقُولُ:بِسْمِ اللَّهِ،أَيْ أَسْتَعِينُ عَلَى أُمُورِي كُلِّهَا بِاللَّهِ،الَّذِي لاَ تَحِقُّ الْعِبَادَةُ إِلاَّ لَهُ،وَ الْمُغِيثِ إِذَا اسْتُغِيثَ،وَ الْمُجِيبِ إِذَا دُعِيَ. وَ هُوَ مَا قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِلصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،دُلَّنِي عَلَى اللَّهِ مَا هُوَ،فَقَدْ أَكْثَرَ عَلَيَّ الْمُجَادِلُونَ وَ حَيَّرُونِي؟فَقَالَ لَهُ:يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ،هَلْ رَكِبْتَ سَفِينَةً قَطُّ؟قَالَ:نَعَمْ.فَقَالَ:هَلْ كُسِرَتْ بِكَ،حَيْثُ لاَ سَفِينَةَ تُنْجِيكَ،وَ لاَ سِبَاحَةَ تُغْنِيكَ؟قَالَ:نَعَمْ. قَالَ الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):فَهَلْ تَعَلَّقَ قَلْبُكَ هُنَالِكَ أَنَّ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْأَشْيَاءِ قَادِرٌ عَلَى أَنْ يُخَلِّصَكَ مِنْ وَرْطَتِكَ؟قَالَ: نَعَمْ.قَالَ الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):فَذَلِكَ الشَّيْءُ هُوَ اللَّهُ،الْقَادِرُ عَلَى الْإِنْجَاءِ حَيْثُ لاَ مُنْجِيَ،وَ عَلَى الْإِغَاثَةِ حَيْثُ لاَ مُغِيثَ. ثُمَّ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):وَ لَرُبَّمَا تَرَكَ بَعْضُ شِيعَتِنَا فِي افْتِتَاحِ أَمْرِهِ بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ فَيَمْتَحِنُهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِمَكْرُوهٍ،لِيُنَبِّهَهُ عَلَى شُكْرِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى وَ الثَّنَاءِ عَلَيْهِ،وَ يَمْحَقَ عَنْهُ وَصْمَةَ [2] تَقْصِيرِهِ،عِنْدَ تَرْكِهِ قَوْلَ: بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ . قَالَ: وَ قَامَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَقَالَ:أَخْبِرْنِي مَا مَعْنَى بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ ؟ فَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ أَخِيهِ الْحَسَنِ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):أَنَّ رَجُلاً قَامَ إِلَيْهِ،فَقَالَ:يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ مَا مَعْنَاهُ؟ فَقَالَ:إِنَّ قَوْلَكَ:اَللَّهُ،أَعْظَمُ اسْمٍ مِنْ أَسْمَاءِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،وَ هُوَ الاِسْمُ الَّذِي لاَ يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُسَمَّى بِهِ غَيْرُ اللَّهِ،وَ لَمْ يَتَسَمَّ بِهِ مَخْلُوقٌ. فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ:فَمَا تَفْسِيرُ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ:هُوَ الَّذِي يَتَأَلَّهُ إِلَيْهِ عِنْدَ الْحَوَائِجِ وَ الشَّدَائِدِ كُلُّ مَخْلُوقٍ،عِنْدَ انْقِطَاعِ الرَّجَاءِ مِنْ جَمِيعِ مَنْ[هُوَ]دُونَهُ، وَ تَقَطُّعِ الْأَسْبَابِ مِنْ كُلِّ مَا سِوَاهُ،وَ ذَلِكَ[أَنَّ]كُلَّ مُتَرَئِّسٍ فِي هَذِهِ الدُّنْيَا،وَ مُتَعَظِّمٍ فِيهَا،وَ إِنْ عَظُمَ غِنَاهُ وَ طُغْيَانُهُ، وَ كَثُرَتْ حَوَائِجُ مَنْ دُونَهُ إِلَيْهِ،فَإِنَّهُمْ سَيَحْتَاجُونَ حَوَائِجَ[لاَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهَا هَذَا الْمُتَعَاظِمُ،وَ كَذَلِكَ هَذَا الْمُتَعَاظِمُ يَحْتَاجُ حَوَائِجَ]لاَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهَا،فَيَنْقَطِعُ إِلَى اللَّهِ عِنْدَ ضَرُورَتِهِ وَ فَاقَتِهِ،حَتَّى إِذَا كَفَى هَمَّهُ،عَادَ إِلَى شِرْكِهِ.أَ مَا تَسْمَعُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: قُلْ أَ رَأَيْتَكُمْ إِنْ أَتٰاكُمْ عَذٰابُ اللّٰهِ أَوْ أَتَتْكُمُ السّٰاعَةُ أَ غَيْرَ اللّٰهِ تَدْعُونَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صٰادِقِينَ* بَلْ إِيّٰاهُ تَدْعُونَ فَيَكْشِفُ مٰا تَدْعُونَ إِلَيْهِ إِنْ شٰاءَ وَ تَنْسَوْنَ مٰا تُشْرِكُونَ [1]فَقَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ لِعِبَادِهِ:أَيُّهَا الْفُقَرَاءُ إِلَى رَحْمَتِي،إِنِّي قَدْ أَلْزَمْتُكُمُ الْحَاجَةَ إِلَيَّ فِي كُلِّ حَالٍ،وَ ذِلَّةَ الْعُبُودِيَّةِ فِي كُلِّ وَقْتٍ،فَإِلَيَّ فَافْزَعُوا فِي كُلِّ أَمْرٍ تَأْخُذُونَ وَ تَرْجُونَ تَمَامَهُ وَ بُلُوغَ غَايَتِهِ،فَإِنِّي إِنْ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أُعْطِيَكُمْ،لَمْ يَقْدِرْ غَيْرِي عَلَى مَنْعِكُمْ،وَ إِنْ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَمْنَعَكُمْ،لَمْ يَقْدِرْ غَيْرِي عَلَى إِعْطَائِكُمْ،فَأَنَا أَحَقُّ مَنْ يُسْأَلُ،وَ أَوْلَى مَنْ تُضُرِّعَ إِلَيْهِ. فَقُولُوا عِنْدَ افْتِتَاحِ كُلِّ أَمْرٍ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ عَظِيمٍ بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ أَيْ:أَسْتَعِينُ عَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرِ،الَّذِي لاَ تَحِقُّ الْعِبَادَةُ لِغَيْرِهِ،إِلاَّ لَهُ،الْمُجِيبُ إِذَا دُعِيَ،الْمُغِيثُ إِذَا اسْتُغِيثَ،الرَّحْمَنُ الَّذِي يَرْحَمُ يَبْسُطُ الرِّزْقَ عَلَيْنَا، الرَّحِيمُ بِنَا فِي أَدْيَانِنَا،وَ دُنْيَانَا،وَ آخِرَتِنَا،خَفَّفَ عَلَيْنَا الدِّينَ،وَ جَعَلَهُ سَهْلاً خَفِيفاً،وَ هُوَ يَرْحَمُنَا بِتَمْيِيزِنَا مِنْ أَعْدَائِهِ». ثُمَّ قَالَ:«قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):مَنْ حَزَنَهُ أَمْرٌ تَعَاطَاهُ فَقَالَ: بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ وَ هُوَ مُخْلِصٌ لِلَّهِ،وَ يُقْبِلُ بِقَلْبِهِ إِلَيْهِ،لَمْ يَنْفَكَّ مِنْ إِحْدَى اثْنَتَيْنِ:إِمَّا بُلُوغِ حَاجَتِهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا،وَ إِمَّا يُعَدُّ لَهُ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِ وَ يُدَّخَرُ لَهُ، وَ مَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ وَ أَبْقَى لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ».

99-/263: Regarding “In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful,” he said: “He is Allah—the One to Whom every creature turns in need and distress when hope is cut off from all beneath Him and all causes are severed from everyone besides Him. Saying ‘In the Name of Allah’ means: I seek help for all my affairs from Allah—the One to Whom worship is due exclusively—the Helper when help is sought, the Responder when He is called upon.” He then narrated the parable of the ship: A man asked al-Ṣādiq (peace be upon him) to guide him to Allah, saying the disputants had confused him. The Imām asked if he had ever boarded a ship and it broke where neither a ship nor swimming could save him. When the man said yes, the Imām asked whether his heart then clung to the idea that something could deliver him from that plight. When he said yes, the Imām replied: “That ‘something’ is Allah—the One able to save when there is no savior, to bring relief when there is no reliever.” Then al-Ṣādiq (peace be upon him) said: “Sometimes one of our Shī‘a omits saying ‘In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful’ at the outset of an affair; so Allah, Mighty and Majestic, tests him with something disliked to alert him to thanking and praising Allah, Blessed and Exalted, and to efface from him the stain of his shortcoming in neglecting to say ‘In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful.’” It is related that a man asked ‘Alī b. al-Ḥusayn (peace be upon him) about the meaning of “In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful.” He said: My father narrated from his brother al-Ḥasan, from his father, the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), that a man asked him about “In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful.” He said: “Your saying ‘Allah’ is the greatest of Allah’s Names; it is the Name that none but Allah should be called by, and no creature has ever been named with it.” The man said: “What is the explanation of the word ‘Allah’?” He said: “He is the One to Whom every creature turns in need and distress when their hope is severed from all below Him and all causes are cut off from everything besides Him. Every person of authority and every magnifier of himself in this world—even if his wealth and transgression are great, and the needs of those beneath him to him are many—they will face needs he cannot fulfill, and the self-magnifier will also face needs he cannot fulfill; so in his necessity and poverty he turns to Allah. Then when his concern is relieved, he returns to his shirk. Do you not hear that Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: ‘Say: Have you considered if the chastisement of Allah should overtake you or the Hour should come upon you, will you call on any other than Allah, if you are truthful? Nay, Him you call upon, and He removes the distress on account of which you call upon Him if He pleases, and you forget what you set up (with Him).’ [Al-An‘ām 6:40–41, M. H. Shakir]” Then Allah, Glorious and Mighty, said to His servants: O you who are poor toward My mercy, I have bound you to need Me in every state and to the humility of servitude at every moment. So flee to Me in every matter you undertake and hope to complete and reach its end; for if I will to give you, none besides Me can withhold you; and if I will to withhold you, none besides Me can give you. I am most deserving to be asked and the One most fitting to be implored. So say at the opening of every matter, small or great, ‘In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful,’ meaning: I seek aid in this matter from the One to Whom worship is due exclusively—the Responder when He is called, the Helper when help is sought—the All-beneficent who has mercy and spreads provision over us, the All-merciful with us in our religion, our worldly life, and our Hereafter—He lightened the religion for us and made it easy and gentle; and He shows us mercy by distinguishing us from His enemies.” Then he said: “The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said: Whoever is troubled by a matter he attempts and says ‘In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful’ sincerely for Allah and turning with his heart to Him, he will not be without one of two outcomes: either his need will be fulfilled in this world, or it will be tallied and stored up for him with his Lord—and what is with Allah is better and more lasting for the believers.”

_8) -التّوحيد:5/230،معاني الأخبار:2/4.

al-Tawḥīd: 5/230; Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār: 2/4.

[1] أله إلى كذا:لجأ إليه،لأنّه سبحانه و تعالى المفزّع الذي يلجأ إليه في كل أمر.«لسان العرب-أله-13:469».

[2] الوصم:العيب و العار.«الصحاح-و صم-5:2052».

99-/264 _9- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فِي تَفْسِيرِ بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ فَقَالَ: «الْبَاءُ بَهَاءُ اللَّهِ،وَ السِّينُ سَنَاءُ اللَّهِ،وَ الْمِيمُ مَجْدُ اللَّهِ-وَ رَوَاهُ غَيْرُهُ عَنْهُ: مُلْكُ اللَّهِ-وَ اللَّهُ إِلَهُ الْخَلْقِ، الرَّحْمَنُ بِجَمِيعِ الْعَالَمِ،الرَّحِيمُ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ خَاصَّةً». وَ رَوَاهُ غَيْرُهُ عَنْهُ: «وَ اللَّهُ إِلَهُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ».

99-/264: In the interpretation of “In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful,” he said: “The bā’ is the beauty of Allah, the sīn is the radiance of Allah, and the mīm is the majesty (or: dominion) of Allah. ‘Allah’ is the God of creation; ‘the All-beneficent’ is towards all the worlds; and ‘the All-merciful’ is especially towards the believers.” It is also narrated from him: “‘Allah’ is the God of everything.”

_9) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:18/22-20.

Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:18/22–20.

99-/265 _10- عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ خُرَّزَاذَ،قَالَ: كَتَبْتُ إِلَى الصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَسْأَلُ عَنْ مَعْنَى اللَّهِ.فَقَالَ:«اسْتَوْلَى عَلَى مَا دَقَّ وَ جَلَّ».

99-/265: I wrote to al-Ṣādiq (peace be upon him), asking about the meaning of ‘Allah.’ He said: “He has mastery over all that is subtle and all that is great.”

_10) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:15/21.

Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:15/21.

99-/266 _11- تَفْسِيرُ الْإِمَامِ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ:«قَالَ الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): وَ لَرُبَّمَا تُرِكَ فِي افْتِتَاحِ أَمْرِ بَعْضِ شِيعَتِنَا بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ فَيَمْتَحِنُهُ اللَّهُ بِمَكْرُوهٍ،لِيُنَبِّهَهُ عَلَى شُكْرِ اللَّهِ وَ الثَّنَاءِ عَلَيْهِ،وَ يَمْحُوَ عَنْهُ وَصْمَةَ تَقْصِيرِهِ،عِنْدَ تَرْكِهِ قَوْلَ: بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ . لَقَدْ دَخَلَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ كُرْسِيٌّ،فَأَمَرَهُ بِالْجُلُوسِ عَلَيْهِ،فَجَلَسَ عَلَيْهِ،فَمَالَ بِهِ حَتَّى سَقَطَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ،فَأَوْضَحَ عَنْ عَظْمِ رَأْسِهِ،وَ سَالَ الدَّمُ،فَأَمَرَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بِمَاءٍ، فَغُسِلَ عَنْهُ ذَلِكَ الدَّمُ.ثُمَّ قَالَ:اُدْنُ مِنِّي،[فَدَنَا مِنْهُ]فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى مُوضِحَتِهِ [1]،وَ قَدْ كَانَ يَجِدُ مِنْ أَلَمِهَا مَا لاَ صَبْرَ لَهُ مَعَهُ،وَ مَسَحَ يَدَهُ عَلَيْهَا وَ تَفَلَ فِيهَا،حَتَّى انْدَمَلَ وَ صَارَ كَأَنَّهُ لَمْ يُصِبْهُ شَيْءٌ قَطُّ. وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ،الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي جَعَلَ تَمْحِيصَ ذُنُوبِ شِيعَتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا بِمِحَنِهِمْ، لِتَسْلَمَ لَهُمْ طَاعَاتُهُمْ،وَ يَسْتَحِقُّوا عَلَيْهَا ثَوَابَهَا. فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَحْيَى:يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،وَ إِنَّا لاَ نُجَازَى بِذُنُوبِنَا إِلاَّ فِي الدُّنْيَا؟ قَالَ:نَعَمْ،أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):اَلدُّنْيَا سِجْنُ الْمُؤْمِنِ،وَ جَنَّةُ الْكَافِرِ.إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى طَهَّرَ شِيعَتَنَا مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا بِمَا يَبْتَلِيهِمْ بِهِ مِنَ الْمِحَنِ،وَ بِمَا يَغْفِرُهُ لَهُمْ،فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: وَ مٰا أَصٰابَكُمْ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ فَبِمٰا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ وَ يَعْفُوا عَنْ كَثِيرٍ [2]حَتَّى إِذَا وَرَدُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ،تَوَفَّرَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ طَاعَاتُهُمْ وَ عِبَادَاتُهُمْ. وَ إِنَّ أَعْدَاءَنَا يُجَازِيهِمْ عَنْ طَاعَةٍ تَكُونُ فِي الدُّنْيَا مِنْهُمْ-وَ إِنْ كَانَ لاَ وَزْنَ لَهَا،لِأَنَّهُ لاَ إِخْلاَصَ مَعَهَا-حَتَّى إِذَا وَافَوُا الْقِيَامَةَ،حُمِلَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ ذُنُوبُهُمْ،وَ بُغْضُهُمْ لِمُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِهِ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ)وَ خِيَارِ أَصْحَابِهِ،فَقُذِفُوا فِي النَّارِ. فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَحْيَى:يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،قَدْ أَفَدْتَنِي وَ عَلَّمْتَنِي،فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تُعَرِّفَنِي ذَنْبِيَ الَّذِي امْتُحِنْتُ بِهِ فِي هَذَا الْمَجْلِسِ،حَتَّى لاَ أَعُودَ إِلَى مِثْلِهِ؟ فَقَالَ:تَرْكُكَ حِينَ جَلَسْتَ أَنْ تَقُولَ: بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ لِسَهْوِكَ عَمَّا نُدِبْتَ إِلَيْهِ تَمْحِيصاً بِمَا أَصَابَكَ،أَ مَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهِ وَ آلِهِ)حَدَّثَنِي،عَنِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ:كُلُّ أَمْرٍ ذِي بَالٍ لَمْ يُذْكَرْ فِيهِ اسْمُ اللَّهِ،فَهُوَ أَبْتَرُ؟ فَقُلْتُ:بَلَى-بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي-لاَ أَتْرُكُهَا بَعْدَهَا.قَالَ:إِذَنْ تَحْظَى [3] وَ تَسْعَدُ. قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يَحْيَى:يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،مَا تَفْسِيرُ بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ ؟ قَالَ:إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَقْرَأَ،أَوْ يَعْمَلَ عَمَلاً،فَيَقُولُ: بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ أَيْ بِهَذَا الاِسْمِ أَعْمَلُ هَذَا الْعَمَلَ،فَكُلُّ عَمَلٍ يَعْمَلُهُ،يَبْدَأُ فِيهِ بِ‌ بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ فَإِنَّهُ مُبَارَكٌ لَهُ فِيهِ».

99-/266: Imām al-Askari (peace be upon him) related from al-Ṣādiq (peace be upon him): Sometimes one of our Shī‘a omits “In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful” at the beginning of an affair, so Allah tests him with something disliked to alert him to thanking and praising Allah and to erase the stain of his shortcoming for leaving the phrase. ‘Abd Allāh b. Yaḥyā came to the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him). He sat on a chair at the Imām’s order, it tipped, and he struck his head, exposing the bone, and blood flowed. The Imām had water brought, the blood washed, then placed his hand on the wound and wiped and breathed upon it until it healed completely. The Imām said: “Praise be to Allah, Who makes the purging of the sins of our Shī‘a in this world by the trials that befall them so their acts of obedience remain intact and they deserve their reward.” ‘Abd Allāh b. Yaḥyā asked if they were recompensed for sins only in this world. He said: “Yes. Have you not heard the Messenger of Allah say: ‘The world is the prison of the believer and the garden of the disbeliever’? Allah purifies our Shī‘a of their sins here through trials and through what He forgives them. Indeed Allah says: ‘And whatever affliction befalls you, it is on account of what your hands have wrought, and He pardons much.’ [Al-Shūrā 42:30, M. H. Shakir] Then when they arrive on the Day of Resurrection, their obediences and acts of worship are fully credited to them. Our enemies are repaid here for any obedience they perform in the world—even though it has no real weight due to lack of sincerity—and when they reach the Resurrection, their sins and their hatred of Muḥammad and his family and the best of his companions are burdened upon them and they are cast into the Fire.” ‘Abd Allāh b. Yaḥyā asked to be told the sin for which he had been tested. The Imām said: “Your leaving, when you sat, to say ‘In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful.’ Allah made your lapse a purging by what befell you. Do you not know that the Messenger of Allah told me that Allah said: ‘Every matter of consequence which is not begun with the Name of Allah is cut off’?” He vowed never to leave it again. The Imām said: “Then you will attain favor and be felicitous.” When asked to explain “In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful,” he said: “When the servant intends to read or to do an act and says, ‘In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful,’ it means: With this Name I perform this act. Every act begun with ‘In the Name of Allah, the All-beneficent, the All-merciful’ is blessed for him.”

_11) -التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):7/22.

al-Tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī (peace be upon him): 7/22.

[1] الموضحة:الشجّة التي تبدي وضح العظم.«الصحاح-وضح-1:416».

[2] الشّورى 42:30.

[3] في المصدر:تحصن بذلك.

99-/267 _12- (رَبِيعُ الْأَبْرَارِ)لِلزَّمَخْشَرِيِّ:قَالَ:قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِجَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ): مَا الدَّلِيلُ عَلَى اللَّهِ،وَ لاَ تَذْكُرْ لِيَ الْعَالَمَ وَ الْعَرَضَ وَ الْجَوَاهِرَ؟فَقَالَ لَهُ:«هَلْ رَكِبْتَ الْبَحْرَ؟»قَالَ:نَعَمْ.قَالَ:«فَهَلْ عَصَفَتْ بِكُمُ الرِّيحُ،حَتَّى خِفْتُمُ الْغَرَقَ؟»قَالَ:نَعَمْ.قَالَ:[قَالَ:«فَهَلِ انْقَطَعَ رَجَاؤُكَ مِنَ الْمَرْكَبِ وَ الْمَلاَّحِينَ؟»قَالَ:نَعَمْ.]قَالَ:«فَهَلْ تَتَبَّعَتْ نَفْسُكَ أَنَّ ثَمَّ مَنْ يُنْجِيكَ؟»قَالَ:نَعَمْ. قَالَ:«فَإِنَّ ذَاكَ هُوَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَ تَعَالَى،قَالَ اللَّهُ:عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ضَلَّ مَنْ تَدْعُونَ إِلاّٰ إِيّٰاهُ [1]وَ إِذٰا مَسَّكُمُ الضُّرُّ فَإِلَيْهِ تَجْئَرُونَ ». [2]

99-/267: In al-Zamakhsharī’s Rabi‘ al-Abrār it is related: A man said to Ja‘far b. Muḥammad (peace be upon them): “What is the proof for Allah—without mentioning the world, accidents, and substances?” He said: “Have you ridden the sea?” He said: “Yes.” He asked: “Did a storm strike you so you feared drowning?” He replied: “Yes.” He asked: “Was your hope cut off from the vessel and the sailors?” He said: “Yes.” He asked: “Did your soul then sense that there is One who could save you?” He replied: “Yes.” He said: “That is Allah, Glorified and Exalted. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: ‘All those whom you call upon besides Him are gone astray’ [Al-Isrā’ 17:67, M. H. Shakir] and ‘And when distress afflicts you, to Him you cry aloud.’ [Al-Naḥl 16:53, M. H. Shakir]”

_12) -ربيع الأبرار 1:663.

Rabī‘ al-Abrār 1:663.

[1] الإسراء 17:67.

[2] النّحل 16:53.

قوله عزّ و جلّ:

اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ رَبِّ الْعٰالَمِينَ[2]

اَلرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ[3]

مٰالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ [4]

إِيّٰاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَ إِيّٰاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ[5]

اِهْدِنَا الصِّرٰاطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ[6]

صِرٰاطَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ لاَ الضّٰالِّينَ[7]

[Qur’an 1:2–7] M. H. Shakir: “All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds. The Beneficent, the Merciful. Master of the Day of Judgment. Thee do we serve and Thee do we beseech for help. Keep us on the right path. The path of those upon whom Thou hast bestowed favors, not (the path) of those upon whom Thy wrath is brought down, nor of those who go astray.”

99-/268 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ،عَنْ مُيَسِّرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «شُكْرُ النِّعْمَةِ اجْتِنَابُ الْمَحَارِمِ،وَ تَمَامُ الشُّكْرِ قَوْلُ الرَّجُلِ: اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ رَبِّ الْعٰالَمِينَ ».

99-/268: Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him) said: “Gratitude for a blessing is avoiding the forbidden; and the completion of gratitude is a person’s saying: ‘All praise is for Allah, the Lord of the worlds.’”

_1) -الكافي 2:10/78.

al-Kāfī 2:10/78.

99-/269 _2- الشَّيْخُ الْفَاضِلُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى فِي(كَشْفِ الْغُمَّةِ):عَنِ الْإِمَامِ الصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «فَقَدَ أَبِي بَغْلَةً لَهُ،فَقَالَ:إِنْ رَدَّهَا اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ لَأَحْمِدَنَّهُ بِمَحَامِدَ يَرْضَاهَا،فَلَمَا لَبِثَ أَنْ أُتِيَ بِهَا بِسَرْجِهَا وَ لِجَامِهَا،فَلَمَّا اسْتَوَى[عَلَيْهَا] وَ ضَمَّ إِلَيْهِ ثِيَابَهُ،رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ،وَ قَالَ: اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ وَ لَمْ يَزِدْ. ثُمَّ قَالَ:مَا تَرَكْتُ وَ لاَ أَبْقَيْتُ شَيْئاً،جَعَلْتُ جَمِيعَ أَنْوَاعِ الْمَحَامِدِ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،فَمَا مِنْ حَمْدٍ إِلاَّ وَ هُوَ دَاخِلٌ فِيمَا قُلْتُ». ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى:صَدَقَ وَ بَرَّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَإِنَّ الْأَلِفَ وَ اللاَّمَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ يَسْتَغْرِقُ الْجِنْسَ

99-/269: Al-Ṣādiq (peace be upon him) said: “My father lost a mule. He said: ‘If Allah returns it to me, I will praise Him with praises that He is pleased with.’ Soon it was brought to him with its saddle and bridle. When he mounted it and gathered his clothes, he raised his head to the sky and said: ‘Al-ḥamdu lillāh (All praise is for Allah),’ and did not add more. Then he said: ‘I have left out nothing and omitted nothing: I have made all kinds of praise for Allah, Mighty and Majestic—for there is no praise except that it falls within what I said.’” ‘Alī b. ‘Īsā then commented: “He spoke truthfully, for the alif and lām in ‘al-ḥamd’ make the genus all-encompassing.”

_2) -كشف الغمّة 2:118.

Kashf al-Ghumma 2:118.