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آل عمران آيه 21

99-/1636 _3- ابْنُ شَهْرَآشُوبَ:عَنِ الْبَاقِرِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: إِنَّ الدِّينَ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ الْإِسْلاٰمُ .قَالَ: «التَّسْلِيمُ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بِالْوَلاَيَةِ».

99-/1636: Ibn Shahrāshūb: from al-Bāqir (peace be upon him) concerning His, the Exalted, saying: Surely the (true) religion with Allah is Islam. He said: “It is submitting to the guardianship of ‘Alī son of Abī Tālib (peace be upon him).”

99-/1637 _4- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ،عَنْ حُمْرَانَ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَضَّلَ الْإِيمَانَ عَلَى الْإِسْلاَمِ بِدَرَجَةٍ،كَمَا فَضَّلَ الْكَعْبَةَ عَلَى الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ بِدَرَجَةٍ».

99-/1637: ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm said: My father narrated to me, from al-Hasan b. Maḥbūb, from ‘Alī b. Ri’āb, from Ḥumrān b. A‘yan, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “Surely Allah has given faith (īmān) a degree of excellence over Islam, just as He has given the Ka‘bah a degree of excellence over the Sacred Mosque.”

99-/1638 _5- وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:وَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْبَغْدَادِيُّ،رَفَعَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «لَأَنْسُبَنَّ الْإِسْلاَمَ نِسْبَةً لَمْ يَنْسُبْهَا أَحَدٌ قَبْلِي،وَ لاَ يَنْسُبُهَا أَحَدٌ بَعْدِي،الْإِسْلاَمُ هُوَ التَّسْلِيمُ،وَ التَّسْلِيمُ هُوَ الْيَقِينُ، وَ الْيَقِينُ هُوَ التَّصْدِيقُ،وَ التَّصْدِيقُ هُوَ الْإِقْرَارُ،وَ الْإِقْرَارُ هُوَ الْأَدَاءُ،وَ الْأَدَاءُ هُوَ الْعَمَلُ،وَ الْمُؤْمِنُ مَنْ أَخَذَ دِينَهُ عَنْ رَبِّهِ، إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ يُعْرَفُ إِيمَانُهُ فِي عَمَلِهِ،وَ إِنَّ الْكَافِرَ يُعْرَفُ كُفْرُهُ بِإِنْكَارِهِ،يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ دِينَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ،فَإِنَّ السَّيِّئَةَ فِيهِ خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْحَسَنَةِ فِي غَيْرِهِ،إِنَّ السَّيِّئَةَ فِيهِ تُغْفَرُ،وَ إِنَّ الْحَسَنَةَ فِي غَيْرِهِ لاَ تُقْبَلُ».

99-/1638: And from him, he said: Muḥammad b. Yaḥyā al-Baghdādī narrated to me; he raised the report to the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), that he said: “I will define Islam with a definition that none before me has defined it with, nor will anyone after me define it so: Islam is submission; submission is certainty; certainty is affirmation; affirmation is acknowledgment; acknowledgment is performance; and performance is action. The believer is the one who takes his religion from his Lord. A believer’s faith is recognized in his deeds, and an unbeliever’s unbelief is recognized in his denial. O people, your religion, your religion! For an evil deed within it is better than a good deed outside it. An evil deed within it is forgiven, while a good deed outside it is not accepted.”

قوله تعالى:

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَكْفُرُونَ بِآيٰاتِ اللّٰهِ وَ يَقْتُلُونَ النَّبِيِّينَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ وَ يَقْتُلُونَ الَّذِينَ يَأْمُرُونَ بِالْقِسْطِ مِنَ النّٰاسِ فَبَشِّرْهُمْ بِعَذٰابٍ أَلِيمٍ[21]

(Qur’an 3:21) Surely those who disbelieve in the communications of Allah and slay the prophets without right and slay those among men who enjoin justice, announce to them a painful chastisement. (M. H. Shakir)

99-/1639 _1- سُلَيْمُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ الْهِلاَلِيُّ:عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)-فِي حَدِيثٍ لَهُ مَعَ مُعَاوِيَةَ-قَالَ لَهُ: «يَا مُعَاوِيَةُ،إِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ اخْتَارَ اللَّهُ لَنَا الْآخِرَةَ عَلَى الدُّنْيَا،وَ لَمْ يَرْضَ لَنَا بِالدُّنْيَا ثَوَاباً.يَا مُعَاوِيَةُ،إِنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ زَكَرِيَّا قَدْ نُشِرَ بِالْمَنَاشِيرِ،وَ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا قَتَلَهُ [1] قَوْمُهُ وَ هُوَ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ[وَ ذَلِكَ لِهَوَانِ الدُّنْيَا عَلَى اللَّهِ].إِنَّ أَوْلِيَاءَ الشَّيْطَانِ قَدْ حَارَبُوا أَوْلِيَاءَ الرَّحْمَنِ،وَ قَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ: إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَكْفُرُونَ بِآيٰاتِ اللّٰهِ وَ يَقْتُلُونَ النَّبِيِّينَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ وَ يَقْتُلُونَ الَّذِينَ يَأْمُرُونَ بِالْقِسْطِ مِنَ النّٰاسِ فَبَشِّرْهُمْ بِعَذٰابٍ أَلِيمٍ ».

99-/1639: Sulaym b. Qays al-Hilālī: from the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him)—in a discourse he had with Mu‘āwiyah—he said to him: “O Mu‘āwiyah, we are a Household for whom Allah has chosen the Hereafter over this world, and He has not been pleased to make this world our reward. O Mu‘āwiyah, the Prophet of Allah, Zakariyyā, was sawn in two with saws, and Yaḥyā son of Zakariyyā was killed [1] by his people while he was calling them to Allah, Mighty and Majestic [and that is due to the world’s worthlessness in the sight of Allah]. Surely the allies of Satan have fought the allies of the All-Merciful, and Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has said in His Book: Surely those who disbelieve in the communications of Allah and slay the prophets without right and slay those among men who enjoin justice—announce to them a painful chastisement.”

99-/1640 _2- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ:رَوَى أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،أَيُّ النَّاسِ أَشَدُّ عَذَاباً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ؟

قَالَ:«رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ نَبِيّاً أَوْ رَجُلاً أَمَرَ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ نَهَى عَنْ مُنْكَرٍ»ثُمَّ قَرَأَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): وَ يَقْتُلُونَ النَّبِيِّينَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ وَ يَقْتُلُونَ الَّذِينَ يَأْمُرُونَ بِالْقِسْطِ مِنَ النّٰاسِ ثُمَّ قَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«يَا أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ،قَتَلَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ ثَلاَثَةً وَ أَرْبَعِينَ نَبِيّاً مِنْ أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ فِي سَاعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ،فَقَامَ مِائَةُ رَجُلٍ وَ اثْنَا عَشَرَ رَجُلاً مِنْ عُبَّادِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ،فَأَمَرَوا مَنْ قَتَلَهُمْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ نَهَوْهُمْ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ،فَقُتِلُوا جَمِيعاً فِي آخِرِ النَّهَارِ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ،وَ هُوَ الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ اللَّهُ».

99-/1640: Abū ‘Alī al-Ṭabrisī: Abū ‘Ubaydah b. al-Jarrāḥ narrated: I said, “O Messenger of Allah, who are the people who will have the most severe punishment on the Day of Resurrection?” He said: “A man who killed a prophet, or a man who enjoined what is right or forbade what is wrong.” Then he (peace be upon him) recited: And slay the prophets without right and slay those among men who enjoin justice. Then he (peace be upon him) said: “O Abā ‘Ubaydah, the Children of Israel killed forty-three prophets in the early part of the day within one hour, then one hundred and twelve men from among the devotees of the Children of Israel stood up and enjoined right upon those who had killed them and forbade them from wrong, and they were all killed by the end of that day. That is what Allah has mentioned.”

[1] في المصدر:و يحيى ذبح و قتله.

99-/1641 _3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ،عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ،عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ ظَبْيَانَ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ:«قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ:وَيْلٌ لِلَّذِينَ يَخْتِلُونَ الدُّنْيَا بِالدِّينِ،وَ وَيْلٌ لِلَّذِينَ يَقْتُلُونَ الَّذِينَ يَأْمُرُونَ بِالْقِسْطِ مِنَ النَّاسِ،وَ وَيْلٌ لِلَّذِينَ يَسِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنُ فِيهِمْ بِالتَّقِيَّةِ،أَ بِي يَغْتَرُّونَ [1]،أَمْ عَلَيَّ يَجْتَرِءُونَ [2]؟فَبِي حَلَفْتُ لَأَمْتَحِنَنَّهُمْ بِفِتْنَةٍ [3] تَتْرُكُ الْحَكِيمَ مِنْهُمْ حَيْراناً».

99-/1641: Muḥammad b. Ya‘qūb: from Muḥammad b. Yaḥyā, from Aḥmad b. Muḥammad, from Muḥammad b. Sinān, from Ismā‘īl b. Jābir, from Yūnus b. Ẓabiyān, who said: I heard Abā ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) say: “The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said: Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: Woe to those who use the world as a snare by means of the religion; and woe to those who kill those among men who enjoin justice; and woe to those among whom the believer can only walk with dissimulation. Do they seek to beguile Me [1], or do they dare against Me [2]? By Me I swear, I shall try them with a trial [3] that will leave the wisest among them bewildered.”

قوله تعالى:

قُلِ اللّٰهُمَّ مٰالِكَ الْمُلْكِ تُؤْتِي الْمُلْكَ مَنْ تَشٰاءُ وَ تَنْزِعُ الْمُلْكَ مِمَّنْ تَشٰاءُ[26]

(Qur’an 3:26) Say: O Allah, Master of the Kingdom! Thou givest the kingdom to whom Thou pleasest and takest away the kingdom from whom Thou pleasest, and Thou exaltest whom Thou pleasest and abasest whom Thou pleasest; in Thy hand is the good; surely, Thou hast power over all things. (M. H. Shakir)

99-/1642 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ أَبِي سَمَّالٍ،عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى مَوْلَى آلِ سَامٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: قُلِ اللّٰهُمَّ مٰالِكَ الْمُلْكِ تُؤْتِي الْمُلْكَ مَنْ تَشٰاءُ وَ تَنْزِعُ الْمُلْكَ مِمَّنْ تَشٰاءُ أَ لَيْسَ قَدْ آتَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ الْمُلْكَ؟ قَالَ:«لَيْسَ حَيْثُ تَذْهَبُ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ آتَانَا الْمُلْكَ وَ أَخَذَتْهُ بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ،بِمَنْزِلَةِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ الثَّوْبُ فَيَأْخُذُهُ الْآخَرُ،فَلَيْسَ هُوَ لِلَّذِي أَخَذَهُ».

99-/1642: Muḥammad b. Ya‘qūb: with his isnād from Ibrāhīm b. Abī Bakr b. Abī Sammāl, from Dāwūd b. Farqad, from ‘Abd al-A‘lā, the client of Āl Sām, from Abī ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him). He said: I said to him: “Say: O Allah, Master of the Kingdom! You give the kingdom to whom You please and take away the kingdom from whom You please—has Allah, Mighty and Majestic, not indeed given the Umayyads the kingdom?” He said: “It is not as you suppose. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has given us the kingdom, and the Banū Umayyah seized it—like a man who has a garment and another snatches it; it does not belong to the one who snatched it.”

99-/1643 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):قَوْلُ اللَّهِ: قُلِ اللّٰهُمَّ مٰالِكَ الْمُلْكِ تُؤْتِي الْمُلْكَ مَنْ تَشٰاءُ وَ تَنْزِعُ الْمُلْكَ مِمَّنْ تَشٰاءُ فَقَدْ آتَى اللَّهُ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ الْمُلْكَ!

99-/1643: Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Dāwūd b. Farqad, who said: I said to Abā ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) concerning Allah’s saying: “Say: O Allah, Master of the Kingdom! You give the kingdom to whom You please and take away the kingdom from whom You please”—“But Allah has given the Umayyads the kingdom!”

_3) -المناقب 3:95.

al-Manāqib 3:95.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:99.

Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:99.

_5) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:99.

Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:99.

_1) -كتاب سليم بن قيس:158.

Kitāb Sulaym b. Qays: 158.

_2) -مجمع البيان 2:720.

Majma‘ al-Bayān 2:720.

_3) -الكافي 2:1/226.

al-Kāfī 2:1/226.

_1) -الكافي 8:389/266.

al-Kāfī 8:389/266.

_2) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:23/166.

Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:23/166.

[1] في«ط»:يفترون.

[2] في«س»:تتجبّرون.

[3] في المصدر:لأتيحن لهم فتنة.

[4] في المصدر:سماك.أنظر رجال النجاشيّ:30/21.