S 2 A 113

فالْجِدَالُ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ قَدْ قَرَنَهُ الْعُلَمَاءُ بِالدِّينِ،وَالْجِدَالُ بِغَيْرِ الَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ مُحَرَّمٌ حَرَّمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى شِيعَتِنَا،وَكَيْفَ يُحَرِّمُ اللَّهُ الْجِدَالَ جُمْلَةً،وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: وَقَالُوا لَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ إِلاّ مَنْ كَانَ هُودًا أَوْ نَصَارَى وَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: تِلْكَ أَمَانِيُّهُمْ قُلْ هَاتُوا بُرْهَانَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ؟ فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَمَ الصِّدْقِ وَالإِيمَانِ بِالْبُرْهَانِ، [وَهَلْ يُؤْتَى بِالْبُرْهَانِ] إِلَّا فِي الْجِدَالِ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ.

Translation: Argumentation in the best manner has been joined by the scholars to religion, while argumentation in other than the best manner is forbidden—God, exalted is He, has forbidden it to our Shia. How could God forbid disputation altogether when He says: “And they say: None shall enter the garden except he who is a Jew or a Christian. These are their vain desires. Say: Bring your proof if you are truthful” (Qur’an 2:111; M. H. Shakir). Thus God made the sign of truth and faith to be by proof—and is proof brought forth except in disputation in the best manner?

وقال رسولُ اللَّهِ(صلى اللَّه عليه وآله) لأصحابه: قُولُوا: إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ [1] أَيْ نَعْبُدُ وَاحِدًا، لا نَقُولُ كَمَا قَالَتِ الدَّهْرِيَّةُ: إِنَّ الأَشْيَاءَ لَا بَدْءَ لَهَا وَهِيَ دَائِمَةٌ، وَلَا كَمَا قَالَتِ الثَّنَوِيَّةُ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا: إِنَّ النُّورَ وَالظُّلْمَةَ هُمَا الْمُدَبِّرَانِ، وَلَا كَمَا قَالَ مُشْرِكُو الْعَرَبِ: إِنَّ أَوْثَانَنَا آلِهَةٌ، فَلَا نُشْرِكُ بِكَ شَيْئًا، وَلَا نَدْعُو مِنْ دُونِكَ إِلَهًا، كَمَا يَقُولُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْكُفَّارُ، وَلَا نَقُولُ كَمَا قَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ وَالنَّصَارَى: إِنَّ لَكَ وَلَدًا، تَعَالَيْتَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ [عُلُوًّا كَبِيرًا].

Translation: The Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) said to his companions: Say: “You alone do we worship” [1], meaning: we worship One and do not say as the materialists said, “Things have no beginning and are everlasting,” nor as the dualists who said, “Light and darkness are the two managers,” nor as the Arab idolaters said, “Our idols are gods,” so we do not associate anything with You, nor do we call, apart from You, upon any deity, as these unbelievers say; and we do not say as the Jews and Christians said, “You have taken a son”—exalted are You far above that [most high, supremely exalted].

قال: «فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ: وَقَالُوا لَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا مَنْ كَانَ هُودًا أَوْ نَصَارَى وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُمْ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ الْكُفَّارِ مَا قَالُوا، قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: يَا مُحَمَّدُ تِلْكَ أَمَانِيُّهُمُ الَّتِي يَتَمَنَّوْنَهَا بِلا حُجَّةٍ قُلْ هَاتُوا بُرْهَانَكُمْ حُجَّتَكُمْ عَلَى دَعْوَاكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ كَمَا أَتَى مُحَمَّدٌ بِبَرَاهِينِهِ الَّتِي سَمِعْتُمُوهَا.

Translation: He said: That is His saying, “And they say: None shall enter the garden except he who is a Jew or a Christian,” and others among these unbelievers said what they said. God, exalted, said: O Muhammad, these are their desires which they wish without proof. Say: Bring your proof—your evidence for your claim—if you are truthful, just as Muhammad brought his proofs which you have heard (Qur’an 2:111; M. H. Shakir: “And they say: None shall enter the garden except he who is a Jew or a Christian. These are their vain desires. Say: Bring your proof if you are truthful.”).

ثُمَّ قَالَ: بَلَىٰ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ وَجْهَهُ لِلَّهِ يَعْنِي كَمَا فَعَلَ هَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صلى اللَّه عليه وآله) لَمَّا سَمِعُوا بَرَاهِينَهُ وَحُجَجَهُ وَهُوَ مُحْسِنٌ فِي عَمَلِهِ لِلَّهِ فَلَهُ أَجْرُهُ ثَوَابُهُ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِ يَوْمَ فَصْلِ الْقَضَاءِ وَلَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ حِينَ يَخَافُ الْكَافِرُونَ مِمَّا يُشَاهِدُونَهُ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ [2] وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ، لِأَنَّ الْبِشَارَةَ بِالْجِنَانِ تَأْتِيهِمْ».

Translation: Then He said: “Yes! Whoever submits his face to God”—that is, as those did who believed in the Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) when they heard his proofs and evidences—“and he is a doer of good, then his reward is with his Lord, and there is no fear for them nor shall they grieve.” Their reward is with their Lord on the Day of Judgment; they shall not fear when the unbelievers fear what they witness of the punishment [2], nor shall they grieve at death, because the glad tidings of the gardens come to them (Qur’an 2:112; M. H. Shakir: “Nay! whoever submits himself entirely to Allah and he is the doer of good (to others) he has his reward from his Lord, and there is no fear for him nor shall he grieve.”).

وَسَيَأْتِي-إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى-مَعْنَى الْجِدَالِ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ فِي تَفْسِيرِ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَجَادِلْهُمْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ مِنْ سُورَةِ النَّحْلِ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ(عليه السلام) [3] وَالْحَدِيثُ طَوِيلٌ مَذْكُورٌ فِي تَفْسِيرِ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ(عليه السلام)، فِي تَفْسِيرِ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَقَالُوا لَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا مَنْ كَانَ هُودًا أَوْ نَصَارَى اخْتَصَرْنَاهُ مَخَافَةَ الإِطَالَةِ.

Translation: And—God willing—the meaning of “argue with them in the best manner” will come in the exegesis of His saying, “and argue with them in the best manner,” from Surat al-Nahl, on the authority of al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) [3]. The report is long and is cited in the Tafsir attributed to al-‘Askari (peace be upon him) under His saying, “And they say: None shall enter the garden except he who is a Jew or a Christian.” We have abridged it for fear of lengthiness.

قوله تعالى:

وَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ لَيْسَتِ النَّصَارَىٰ عَلَىٰ شَيْءٍ وَقَالَتِ النَّصَارَىٰ لَيْسَتِ الْيَهُودُ عَلَىٰ شَيْءٍ وَهُمْ يَتْلُونَ الْكِتَابَ كَذَٰلِكَ قَالَ الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ مِثْلَ قَوْلِهِمْ فَاللَّهُ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِيمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ [113]

Translation (Qur’an 2:113; M. H. Shakir): And the Jews say: The Christians do not follow anything (good) and the Christians say: The Jews do not follow anything (good) while they recite the (same) Book. Even thus say those who have no knowledge, like to what they say; so Allah shall judge between them on the day of resurrection in what they differ.

99-/583 _1- قَالَ الْإِمَامُ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ(عليه السلام): «قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: وَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ لَيْسَتِ النَّصَارَىٰ عَلَىٰ شَيْءٍ مِنَ الدِّينِ، بَلْ دِينُهُمْ بَاطِلٌ وَكُفْرٌ وَقَالَتِ النَّصَارَىٰ لَيْسَتِ الْيَهُودُ عَلَىٰ شَيْءٍ مِنَ الدِّينِ، بَلْ دِينُهُمْ بَاطِلٌ وَكُفْرٌ وَهُمْ الْيَهُودُ يَتْلُونَ الْكِتَابَ التَّوْرَاةَ».

99-/583 _1- Imam al-‘Askari (peace be upon him) said: “God, Mighty and Majestic, said: ‘And the Jews said: The Christians are upon nothing of the religion; rather, their religion is falsehood and unbelief. And the Christians said: The Jews are upon nothing of the religion; rather, their religion is falsehood and unbelief,’ while they—the Jews—recite the Book, the Torah.”

فَقَالَ: «هَؤُلَاءِ وَهَؤُلَاءِ مُقَلِّدُونَ بِلا حُجَّةٍ، وَهُمْ يَتْلُونَ الْكِتَابَ فَلَا يَتَأَمَّلُونَهُ، لِيَعْمَلُوا بِمَا يُوجِبُهُ فَيَتَخَلَّصُوا مِنَ الضَّلَالَةِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: كَذَٰلِكَ قَالَ الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ الْحَقَّ، وَلَمْ يَنْظُرُوا فِيهِ مِنْ حَيْثُ أَمَرَهُمُ اللَّهُ، فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ وَهُمْ مُخْتَلِفُونَ، كَقَوْلِ الْيَهُودِ وَالنَّصَارَىٰ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ، هَؤُلَاءِ يُكَفِّرُ هَؤُلَاءِ، وَهَؤُلَاءِ يُكَفِّرُ هَؤُلَاءِ.

Translation: He said: “These and those are mere imitators without proof. They recite the Book yet do not contemplate it so as to act upon what it requires and thereby be delivered from misguidance. Then He said: Thus said those who do not know the truth, and did not examine it from the direction God commanded them. They said to one another, while differing, as the Jews and the Christians say to each other: these declare those unbelievers, and those declare these unbelievers.

ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: فَاللَّهُ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِيمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ فِي الدُّنْيَا، يُبَيِّنُ ضَلَالَتَهُمْ وَفِسْقَهُمْ، وَيُجَازِي كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ بِقَدْرِ اسْتِحْقَاقِهِ.

Translation: Then God, exalted, said: “So God will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that wherein they used to differ in the world. He will make clear their misguidance and their debauchery, and He will recompense each one of them according to what he deserves.”

وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عليهما السلام): إِنَّمَا أُنْزِلَتِ الْآيَةُ لِأَنَّ قَوْمًا مِنَ الْيَهُودِ، وَقَوْمًا مِنَ النَّصَارَىٰ جَاءُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صلى اللَّه عليه وآله)، فَقَالُوا: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، اقْضِ بَيْنَنَا. فَقَالَ(صلى اللَّه عليه وآله): قُصُّوا عَلَيَّ قِصَّتَكُمْ.

Translation: And al-Hasan son of ‘Ali son of Abu Talib (peace be upon them) said: The verse was sent down because a group of Jews and a group of Christians came to the Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) and said, “O Muhammad, judge between us.” He said, “Relate your case to me.”

فَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ: نَحْنُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ بِالإِلَهِ الْوَاحِدِ الْحَكِيمِ وَأَوْلِيَائِهِ، وَلَيْسَتِ النَّصَارَىٰ عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنَ الدِّينِ وَالْحَقِّ.

Translation: The Jews said: “We are the believers in the One, All-Wise God and His friends, and the Christians are upon nothing of religion and truth.”

وَقَالَتِ النَّصَارَى: بَلْ نَحْنُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ بِالإِلَهِ الْوَاحِدِ الْحَكِيمِ وَأَوْلِيَائِهِ، وَلَيْسَتِ الْيَهُودُ عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنَ الدِّينِ وَالْحَقِّ.

Translation: And the Christians said: “Rather, we are the believers in the One, All-Wise God and His friends, and the Jews are upon nothing of religion and truth.”

فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صلى اللَّه عليه وآله): كُلُّكُمْ مُخْطِئُونَ مُبْطِلُونَ، فَاسِقُونَ عَنْ دِينِ اللَّهِ وَأَمْرِهِ.

Translation: The Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) said: “All of you are in error and falsehood, defiantly disobedient with respect to God’s religion and His command.”

فَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ: كَيْفَ نَكُونُ كَافِرِينَ وَفِينَا كِتَابُ اللَّهِ التَّوْرَاةُ نَقْرَؤُهُ؟ وَقَالَتِ النَّصَارَى: كَيْفَ نَكُونُ كَافِرِينَ وَلَنَا كِتَابُ اللَّهِ الإِنْجِيلُ نَقْرَؤُهُ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صلى اللَّه عليه وآله): إِنَّكُمْ خَالَفْتُمْ—أَيُّهَا الْيَهُودُ وَالنَّصَارَى—كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَلَمْ تَعْمَلُوا بِهِ، فَلَوْ كُنْتُمْ عَامِلِينَ بِالْكِتَابَيْنِ لَمَا كَفَّرَ بَعْضُكُمْ بَعْضًا بِغَيْرِ حُجَّةٍ، لِأَنَّ كُتُبَ اللَّهِ أَنْزَلَهَا شِفَاءً مِنَ الْعَمَى، وَبَيَانًا مِنَ الضَّلَالَةِ، يَهْدِي الْعَامِلِينَ بِهَا إِلَى صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ، وَكِتَابُ اللَّهِ إِذَا لَمْ تَعْمَلُوا بِهِ [1] كَانَ وَبَالًا عَلَيْكُمْ، وَحُجَّةُ اللَّهِ إِذَا لَمْ تَنْقَادُوا لَهَا كُنْتُمْ لِلَّهِ عَاصِينَ، وَلِسَخَطِهِ مُتَعَرِّضِينَ.

Translation: The Jews said: “How can we be unbelievers while among us is God’s Book, the Torah, which we recite?” And the Christians said: “How can we be unbelievers while we have God’s Book, the Gospel, which we recite?” The Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) said: “You—O Jews and Christians—have contravened God’s Book and have not acted upon it. Had you acted upon the two Books, you would not have declared one another unbelievers without proof; for the Books of God He sent down as a cure from blindness and a clarification from misguidance, guiding those who act upon them to a straight path. And God’s Book, if you do not act upon it [1], becomes a bane against you; and God’s proof—if you do not submit to it—you are disobedient to God and exposing yourselves to His wrath.”

ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صلى اللَّه عليه وآله) عَلَى الْيَهُودِ، فَقَالَ: احْذَرُوا أَنْ يَنَالَكُمْ بِخِلَافِ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَبِخِلَافِ كِتَابِهِ مَا أَصَابَ أَوَائِلَكُمُ الَّذِينَ قَالَ اللَّهُ فِيهِمْ: فَبَدَّلَ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا قَوْلًا غَيْرَ الَّذِي قِيلَ لَهُمْ [2] وَأُمِرُوا بِأَنْ يَقُولُوهُ.

Translation: Then the Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) turned to the Jews and said: “Beware lest, by opposing God’s command and His Book, there befall you what befell your predecessors of whom God said: ‘But those who were unjust changed it for a saying other than that which had been spoken to them’ [2], which they had been commanded to say.” (Qur’an 2:59; M. H. Shakir: “But those who were unjust changed it for a saying other than that which had been spoken to them…”)

قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: فَأَنْزَلْنَا عَلَى الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا رِجْزًا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ [3] عَذَابًا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ، طَاعُونًا نَزَلَ بِهِمْ فَمَاتَ مِنْهُمْ مِائَةٌ وَعِشْرُونَ أَلْفًا، ثُمَّ أَخَذَهُمْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ [1] فَمَاتَ مِنْهُمْ مِائَةٌ وَعِشْرُونَ أَلْفًا أَيْضًا، وَكَانَ خِلَافُهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ لَمَّا بَلَغُوا الْبَابَ رَأَوْا بَابًا مُرْتَفِعًا، فَقَالُوا: مَا بَالُنَا نَحْتَاجُ إِلَى أَنْ نَرْكَعَ عِنْدَ الدُّخُولِ هَاهُنَا، ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهُ بَابٌ مُنْحَطٌّ [2] لَا بُدَّ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ فِيهِ، وَهَذَا بَابٌ مُرْتَفِعٌ، إِلَى مَتَى يَسْخَرُ بِنَا هَؤُلَاءِ؟—يَعْنُونَ مُوسَى وَيُوشَعَ بْنَ نُونٍ—وَيُسْجِدُونَنَا فِي الْأَبَاطِيلِ، وَجَعَلُوا أَسْتَاهَهُمْ نَحْوَ الْبَابِ، وَقَالُوا بَدَلَ قَوْلِهِمْ: حِطَّةٌ، الَّذِي أُمِرُوا بِهِ: هِطَا سَمْقَانَا—يَعْنُونَ حِنْطَةً حَمْرَاءَ—فَذَلِكَ تَبْدِيلُهُمْ.

Translation: God, exalted, said: “So We sent upon those who were unjust a punishment from heaven” [3]—a chastisement from heaven: a plague descended upon them and one hundred and twenty thousand of them died. Then He seized them after that [1], and one hundred and twenty thousand of them also died. Their opposition was that when they reached the gate, they saw a high gate and said, “Why do we need to bow upon entering here? We assumed it was a low gate [2] in which bowing would be necessary, but this is a high gate. How long will these—meaning Moses and Joshua son of Nun—mock us and make us prostrate in falsehoods?” They turned their backsides toward the gate and, instead of saying “Hittah” as they were commanded, they said, “hita samqana,” meaning “red wheat.” That was their alteration. (Qur’an 2:59; M. H. Shakir: “So We sent upon those who were unjust a pestilence from heaven because they transgressed.”)

وَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عليه السلام): فَهَؤُلَاءِ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ نُصِبَ لَهُمْ بَابُ حِطَّةٍ، وَأَنْتُمْ—يَا مَعْشَرَ أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ—نُصِبَ لَكُمْ بَابُ حِطَّةٍ أَهْلُ بَيْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عليه وعليهم السلام)، وَأُمِرْتُمْ بِاتِّبَاعِ هُدَاهُمْ وَلُزُومِ طَرِيقَتِهِمْ، لِيَغْفِرَ لَكُمْ بِذَلِكَ خَطَايَاكُمْ وَذُنُوبَكُمْ، وَلِيَزْدَادَ الْمُحْسِنُونَ مِنْكُمْ، وَبَابُ حِطَّتِكُمْ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ بَابِ حِطَّتِهِمْ، لِأَنَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ بَابَ خَشَبٍ، وَنَحْنُ النَّاطِقُونَ الصَّادِقُونَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ [3] الْهَادُونَ الْفَاضِلُونَ، كَمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صلى اللَّه عليه وآله): إِنَّ النُّجُومَ فِي السَّمَاءِ أَمَانٌ مِنَ الْغَرَقِ، وَإِنَّ أَهْلَ بَيْتِي أَمَانٌ لِأُمَّتِي مِنَ الضَّلَالَةِ فِي أَدْيَانِهِمْ، لَا يَهْلِكُونَ فِيهَا مَا دَامَ فِيهِمْ مَنْ يَتَّبِعُونَ هُدَاهُ [4] وَسُنَّتَهُ.

Translation: The Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) said: “Those Israelites were set a ‘Gate of Hittah’; and you—O community of Muhammad—have been set a ‘Gate of Hittah’: the Household of Muhammad (peace be upon him and upon them). You have been commanded to follow their guidance and adhere to their way, that thereby your offenses and sins may be forgiven, and that the doers of good among you may increase. And your ‘Gate of Hittah’ is superior to their ‘Gate of Hittah,’ for that was a gate of wood, whereas we are the articulate, truthful, faithful [3], guiding, excellent ones—just as the Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) said: ‘The stars in the sky are a security against drowning, and my Household are a security for my community from misguidance in their religion; they will not perish therein so long as among them is one whose guidance [4] and practice they follow.’”

أَمَا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صلى اللَّه عليه وآله) قَدْ قَالَ: مَنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَحْيَا حَيَاتِي، وَأَنْ يَمُوتَ مَمَاتِي، وَأَنْ يَسْكُنَ جَنَّةَ عَدْنٍ [5] الَّتِي وَعَدَنِي رَبِّي، وَأَنْ يُمْسِكَ قَضِيبًا غَرَسَهُ بِيَدِهِ، وَقَالَ لَهُ: كُنْ فَكَانَ، فَلْيَتَوَلَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، وَلْيُوَالِ وَلِيَّهُ، وَلْيُعَادِ عَدُوَّهُ، وَلْيَتَوَلَّ ذُرِّيَّتَهُ الْفَاضِلِينَ الْمُطِيعِينَ لِلَّهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ، فَإِنَّهُمْ خُلِقُوا مِنْ طِينَتِي، فَرُزِقُوا فَهْمِي وَعِلْمِي، فَوَيْلٌ لِلْمُكَذِّبِينَ بِفَضْلِهِمْ مِنْ أُمَّتِي الْقَاطِعِينَ فِيهِمْ صِلَتِي، لَا أَنَالَهُمُ اللَّهُ شَفَاعَتِي».

Translation: Indeed, the Messenger of God (may God bless him and his family) said: “Whoever wishes to live my life, and to die my death, and to dwell in the Garden of Eden [5] which my Lord has promised me, and to hold a rod which He planted with His hand and said to it, ‘Be!’ and it was—let him take ‘Ali son of Abu Talib as his guardian, befriend his friend, oppose his enemy, and take as guardians his virtuous offspring, obedient to God after him. For they were created from my clay, and were granted my understanding and my knowledge. So woe to those of my community who belie their virtue and cut off, concerning them, their connection to me. May God not grant them my intercession.”

قوله تعالى:

وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ مَنَعَ مَسَاجِدَ اللَّهِ أَنْ يُذْكَرَ فِيهَا اسْمُهُ وَسَعَىٰ فِي خَرَابِهَا أُولَٰئِكَ مَا كَانَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوهَا إِلَّا خَائِفِينَ لَهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا خِزْيٌ وَلَهُمْ فِي الْآخِرَةِ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ [114]

Translation (Qur’an 2:114; M. H. Shakir): And who is more unjust than he who prevents (men) from the mosques of Allah, that His name should be remembered in them, and strives to ruin them? (As for) these, it was not proper for them that they should have entered them except in fear; they shall meet with disgrace in this world, and they shall have great chastisement in the hereafter.

99-/584 _1- قَالَ الْإِمَامُ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ(عليه السلام): قَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ(عليهما السلام) [6]: لَمَّا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ

Translation: 99-/584 _1- Imam al-‘Askari (peace be upon him) said: Al-Hasan son of ‘Ali (peace be upon them) [6] said: When God sent…

[1] الفاتحة 1:5.

Transliteration: al-Fātiḥah 1:5.

[2] في المصدر:العقاب.

Transliteration: fī al-maṣdar: al-‘iqāb.

[3] يأتي في الحديث(3)من تفسير الآية(125)من سورة النحل.

Transliteration: ya’tī fī al-ḥadīth (3) min tafsīr al-āyah (125) min Sūrat al-Naḥl.

_1) -التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):325/544 و 326.

Transliteration: al-tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-imām al-‘Askarī (ʿalayhi al-salām): 325/544 wa 326.

[1] في«ط»نسخة بدل:ما فيه.

Transliteration: fī “Ṭ” nuskhat badal: mā fīhi.

[2] [3] البقرة 2:59.

Transliteration: al-Baqarah 2:59.

_1) -التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):329/554 و:330/558.

Transliteration: al-tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-imām al-‘Askarī (ʿalayhi al-salām): 329/554 wa: 330/558.

[1] في المصدر:بعد قباع،و في«ط»زيادة:قباع.

Transliteration: fī al-maṣdar: ba‘da Qubā‘, wa fī “Ṭ” ziyādah: Qubā‘.

[2] في المصدر:متطامن.

Transliteration: fī al-maṣdar: mutaṭāmin.

[3] في المصدر:المرتضون.

Transliteration: fī al-maṣdar: al-murtaḍūn.

[4] في المصدر:هديه.

Transliteration: fī al-maṣdar: hudāh.

[5] في المصدر:الجنّة.

Transliteration: fī al-maṣdar: al-jannah.

[6] في المصدر:عليّ بن الحسين.

Transliteration: fī al-maṣdar: ‘Alī b. al-Ḥusayn.