Taha Ayah 116

«كَلِمَاتٌ فِي مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ وَ الْأَئِمَّةِ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِهِمْ. كَذَا نَزَلَتْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)».

Words concerning Muhammad, and ‘Ali, and Fatimah, and al-Hasan, and al-Husayn, and the Imams from their progeny. Thus was it revealed to Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family).

قوله تعالى:

وَ إِذْ قُلْنٰا لِلْمَلاٰئِكَةِ اسْجُدُوا لِآدَمَ فَسَجَدُوا إِلاّٰ إِبْلِيسَ أَبىٰ [116]

Qur’an 20:116 — And when We said to the angels: Prostrate to Adam; they prostrated except Iblis; he refused. (M. H. Shakir)

99-/7061 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) يَقُولُ: «لَمَّا رَأَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) تَيْماً وَ عَدِيّاً وَ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ يَرْكَبُونَ مِنْبَرَهُ؛ أَفْظَعَهُ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى قُرْآناً يَتَأَسَّى بِهِ: وَ إِذْ قُلْنٰا لِلْمَلاٰئِكَةِ اسْجُدُوا لِآدَمَ فَسَجَدُوا إِلاّٰ إِبْلِيسَ أَبىٰ ثُمَّ أَوْحَى إِلَيْهِ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، إِنِّي أَمَرْتُ فَلَمْ أُطَعْ، فَلاَ تَجْزَعْ أَنْتَ إِذَا أَمَرْتَ فَلَمْ تُطَعْ فِي وَصِيِّكَ».

99-/7061 _1- Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub—from al-Husayn ibn Muhammad, from al-Mu‘alla ibn Muhammad, from someone who informed him, from ‘Ali ibn Ja‘far—said: I heard Abu al-Hasan (peace be upon him) say: “When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) saw Taym and ‘Adiyy and Banu Umayyah mounting his pulpit, it distressed him greatly. So Allah, the Exalted, sent down Qur’an by which he might console himself: ‘And when We said to the angels: Prostrate to Adam; they prostrated except Iblis; he refused.’ Then He revealed to him: O Muhammad, I commanded but was not obeyed; so do not grieve when you command and are not obeyed concerning your legatee.”

وَ قِصَّةُ آدَمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَدْ تَقَدَّمَتِ الرِّوَايَاتُ فِيهَا فِي سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ وَ الْأَعْرَافِ [1].

And the story of Adam (peace be upon him), the narrations about it have already come earlier in Surat al-Baqarah and al-A‘raf [1].

قوله تعالى:

وَ عَصىٰ آدَمُ رَبَّهُ فَغَوىٰ* ثُمَّ اجْتَبٰاهُ رَبُّهُ فَتٰابَ عَلَيْهِ وَ هَدىٰ [121-122]

Qur’an 20:121-122 — So they both ate of it, then their evil inclinations became manifest to them, and they both began to cover themselves with the leaves of the garden, and Adam disobeyed his Lord, so he went astray. Then his Lord chose him, so He turned to him and guided (him). (M. H. Shakir)

99-/7062 _2- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ زِيَادِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْهَمَدَانِيُّ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)، وَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ هِشَامٍ الْمُكَتِّبُ، وَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْوَرَّاقُ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)، قَالُوا: حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَرْمَكِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الصَّلْتِ الْهَرَوِيُّ، قَالَ: لَمَّا جَمَعَ الْمَأْمُونُ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ مُوسَى الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) أَهْلَ الْمَقَالاَتِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْإِسْلاَمِ وَ مِنَ الدِّيَانَاتِ: مِنَ الْيَهُودِ وَ النَّصَارَى وَ الْمَجُوسِ وَ الصَّابِئِينَ وَ سَائِرِ أَهْلِ الْمَقَالاَتِ، فَلَمْ يَقُمْ أَحَدٌ إِلاَّ وَ قَدْ أَلْزَمَهُ حُجَّتَهُ كَأَنَّهُ أُلْقِمَ حَجَراً، قَامَ إِلَيْهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ، فَقَالَ: يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، أَ تَقُولُ بِعِصْمَةِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ». قَالَ: فَمَا تَقُولُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: وَ عَصىٰ آدَمُ رَبَّهُ فَغَوىٰ ؟ فَقَالَ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «وَيْحَكَ-يَا عَلِيُّ- اِتَّقِ اللَّهَ، وَ لاَ تَنْسُبَ إِلَى أَنْبِيَاءِ [2] اللَّهِ الْفَوَاحِشَ، وَ لاَ تَتَأَوَّلْ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ».

99-/7062 _2- Ibn Babawayh said: Ahmad ibn Ziyad ibn Ja‘far al-Hamadani (may Allah be pleased with him), and al-Husayn ibn Ibrahim ibn Ahmad ibn Hisham the scribe, and ‘Ali ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Warraq (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us; they said: ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim ibn Hashim narrated to us; he said: al-Qasim ibn Muhammad al-Barmaki narrated to us; he said: Abu al-Salt al-Harawi narrated to us; he said: When al-Ma’mun gathered for ‘Ali ibn Musa al-Rida (peace be upon them) the people of doctrinal positions from among the people of Islam and the religions—the Jews, the Christians, the Magians, the Sabeans, and the rest of the people of doctrines—none stood up except that he had compelled him by proof, as if a stone had been forced into his mouth. Then ‘Ali ibn Muhammad ibn al-Jahm stood up to him and said: O son of the Messenger of Allah, do you say that the prophets are infallible? He said: “Yes.” He said: Then what do you say about the saying of Allah, the Exalted: “And Adam disobeyed his Lord, so he went astray”? Al-Rida (peace be upon him) said: “Woe to you, O ‘Ali! Be mindful of Allah, and do not attribute vile deeds to the prophets of Allah [2], and do not force interpretations upon the Book of Allah.”

_1) -الكافي 1:73/353.

- al-Kafi 1:73/353.

_2) -عيون أخبار الرّضا 1:1/191.

- ‘Uyun Akhbar al-Rida 1:1/191.

[1] تقدّمت في تفسير الآيات(30-36)من سورة البقرة، و الآيات(19-21)من سورة الأعراف.

[1] Taqaddamat fi tafsiri al-ayat (30-36) min Surat al-Baqarah, wa al-ayat (19-21) min Surat al-A‘raf.

[2] في «ج، ي»: أولياء.

[2] Fi “J, Y”: awliya’.