Al-Hijr Ayah 14-18

الحجر آيه 18-14

/5814 _1- و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم:قوله: وَ مٰا أَهْلَكْنٰا مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ إِلاّٰ وَ لَهٰا كِتٰابٌ مَعْلُومٌ أي أجل مكتوب. ثم حكى قول قريش لرسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله): يٰا أَيُّهَا الَّذِي نُزِّلَ عَلَيْهِ الذِّكْرُ إِنَّكَ لَمَجْنُونٌ* لَوْ مٰا تَأْتِينٰا بِالْمَلاٰئِكَةِ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصّٰادِقِينَ أي هلا تأتينا بالملائكة؟فرد اللّه عزّ و جلّ عليهم،فقال: مٰا نُنَزِّلُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةَ إِلاّٰ بِالْحَقِّ وَ مٰا كٰانُوا إِذاً مُنْظَرِينَ قال:لو أنزلنا الملائكة لم ينظروا و هلكوا.

قوله تعالى:

وَ لَوْ فَتَحْنٰا عَلَيْهِمْ بٰاباً -إلى قوله تعالى- شِهٰابٌ مُبِينٌ [14-18] /5815 _2-علي بن إبراهيم قال: وَ لَوْ فَتَحْنٰا أيضا عَلَيْهِمْ بٰاباً مِنَ السَّمٰاءِ فَظَلُّوا فِيهِ يَعْرُجُونَ* لَقٰالُوا إِنَّمٰا سُكِّرَتْ أَبْصٰارُنٰا بَلْ نَحْنُ قَوْمٌ مَسْحُورُونَ* وَ لَقَدْ جَعَلْنٰا فِي السَّمٰاءِ بُرُوجاً قال:منازل الشمس و القمر.

وَ زَيَّنّٰاهٰا لِلنّٰاظِرِينَ بالكواكب.

و رواه الطبرسيّ عن أبي عبد اللّه(عليه السلام) [1].

وَ حَفِظْنٰاهٰا مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْطٰانٍ رَجِيمٍ معنى الرجيم تقدم حديثه في سورة آل عمران،في قوله تعالى:

وَ إِنِّي أُعِيذُهٰا بِكَ وَ ذُرِّيَّتَهٰا مِنَ الشَّيْطٰانِ الرَّجِيمِ [2] .

/5816 _3-علي بن إبراهيم: إِلاّٰ مَنِ اسْتَرَقَ السَّمْعَ فَأَتْبَعَهُ شِهٰابٌ مُبِينٌ قال:لم تزل الشياطين تصعد إلى السماء و تتجسس،حتى ولد النبيّ(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله).

English:

/5814 _1- Ali ibn Ibrahim said: His saying: “And We did not destroy any town but it had a known decree” means a written term. Then he related the statement of Quraysh to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family): “O you to whom the Reminder is revealed! You are most surely insane. Why do you not bring to us the angels if you are of the truthful?”—that is, “Why don’t you bring us the angels?” So Allah, Mighty and Majestic, refuted them, saying: “We do not send the angels but with truth, and then they would not be respited.” He said: Had We sent down the angels, they would not have been given respite and they would have perished.

Quranic verses cited:

- وَ مٰا أَهْلَكْنٰا مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ إِلاّٰ وَ لَهٰا كِتٰابٌ مَعْلُومٌ (الحجر 15:4)

“And We did not destroy any town but it had a term made known.” (M. H. Shakir)

- يٰا أَيُّهَا الَّذِي نُزِّلَ عَلَيْهِ الذِّكْرُ إِنَّكَ لَمَجْنُونٌ (الحجر 15:6)

“O you to whom the Reminder is revealed! you are most surely insane.” (M. H. Shakir)

- لَوْ مٰا تَأْتِينٰا بِالْمَلاٰئِكَةِ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصّٰادِقِينَ (الحجر 15:7)

“Why do you not bring to us the angels if you are of the truthful ones?” (M. H. Shakir)

- مٰا نُنَزِّلُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةَ إِلاّٰ بِالْحَقِّ وَ مٰا كٰانُوا إِذاً مُنْظَرِينَ (الحجر 15:8)

“We do not send the angels but with truth, and then they would not be respited.” (M. H. Shakir)

/5815 _2- Ali ibn Ibrahim said: “And even if We were to open for them a gate from the heaven so that they were to continue ascending through it, they would say: ‘Only our eyes have been covered; rather, we are a people bewitched.’ And certainly We have made in the heaven constellations”—he said: the stations of the sun and the moon—“and We have adorned it for the beholders with the stars.” And al-Tabrasi narrated it from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) [1]. “And We have guarded it from every accursed devil.” The meaning of “accursed” has already been discussed in the surah of Al ‘Imran, in His saying: “And surely I take refuge with Thee for her and her offspring from the accursed Shaitan” [2].

Quranic verses cited:

- وَ لَوْ فَتَحْنٰا عَلَيْهِمْ بٰاباً مِنَ السَّمٰاءِ فَظَلُّوا فِيهِ يَعْرُجُونَ* لَقٰالُوا إِنَّمٰا سُكِّرَتْ أَبْصٰارُنٰا بَلْ نَحْنُ قَوْمٌ مَسْحُورُونَ (الحجر 15:14-15)

“And even if We open to them a gateway of heaven, so that they ascend into it, they would certainly say: Only our eyes have been covered over, rather we are an enchanted people.” (M. H. Shakir)

- وَلَقَدْ جَعَلْنَا فِي السَّمَاءِ بُرُوجًا وَزَيَّنَّاهَا لِلنَّاظِرِينَ (الحجر 15:16)

“And certainly We have made strongholds in the heaven and We have made it fair seeming to the beholders.” (M. H. Shakir)

- وَحَفِظْنَاهَا مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْطَانٍ رَجِيمٍ (الحجر 15:17)

“And We guard it against every accursed Shaitan.” (M. H. Shakir)

- إِلَّا مَنِ اسْتَرَقَ السَّمْعَ فَأَتْبَعَهُ شِهَابٌ مُبِينٌ (الحجر 15:18)

“Save him who steals the hearing, then there follows him a visible flame.” (M. H. Shakir)

- وَ إِنِّي أُعِيذُهٰا بِكَ وَ ذُرِّيَّتَهٰا مِنَ الشَّيْطٰانِ الرَّجِيمِ (آل عمران 3:36)

“And surely I take refuge with Thee for her and her offspring from the accursed Shaitan.” (M. H. Shakir)

/5816 _3- Ali ibn Ibrahim: “Except him who steals a hearing, then there follows him a manifest flame.” He said: The devils used to ascend to the heaven and spy until the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) was born.

99-/5817 _4- قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:وَ رُوِيَ عَنْ آمِنَةَ أُمِّ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: لَمَّا حَمَلْتُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):لَمْ أَشْعُرْ بِالْحَمْلِ،وَ لَمْ يُصِبْنِي مَا يُصِيبُ النِّسَاءَ مِنْ ثِقَلِ الْحَمْلِ،وَ رَأَيْتُ فِي نَوْمِي كَأَنَّ آتِياً أَتَانِي، فَقَالَ لِي:قَدْ حَمَلْتِ بِخَيْرِ الْأَنَامِ.ثُمَّ وَضَعْتُهُ يَتَّقِي الْأَرْضَ بِيَدَيْهِ وَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ،وَ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ،وَ خَرَجَ مِنِّي نُورٌ،

English:

99-/5817 _4- Ali ibn Ibrahim said: And it is narrated from Amina, the mother of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family), that she said: When I conceived the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family), I did not feel the pregnancy, nor did I experience what women experience of the heaviness of pregnancy. And I saw in my sleep as if someone came to me and said: You have conceived the best of humankind. Then I delivered him, and he braced himself against the earth with his hands and knees, and he raised his head toward the sky, and a light came forth from me,

أَضَاءَ مَا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ.

وَ رُمِيَتِ الشَّيَاطِينُ بِالنُّجُومِ،وَ حُجِبُوا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ،وَ رَأَتْ قُرَيْشٌ الشُّهُبَ تَتَحَرَّكُ وَ تَزُولُ وَ تَسِيرُ فِي السَّمَاءِ فَفَزِعُوا،وَ قَالُوا:هَذَا قِيَامُ السَّاعَةِ.وَ اجْتَمَعُوا إِلَى الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ،وَ كَانَ شَيْخاً كَبِيراً مُجَرَّباً،فَسَأَلُوهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ،فَقَالَ:

انْظُرُوا إِلَى هَذِهِ النُّجُومِ الَّتِي تَهْتَدُونَ بِهَا فِي ظُلُمَاتِ الْبَرِّ وَ الْبَحْرِ،فَإِنْ كَانَتْ قَدْ زَالَتْ فَهِيَ السَّاعَةُ،وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ ثَابِتَةً فَهُوَ لِأَمْرٍ قَدْ حَدَثَ.

وَ كَانَ بِمَكَّةَ رَجُلٌ يَهُودِيٌّ يُقَالُ لَهُ:يُوسُفُ،فَلَمَّا رَأَى النُّجُومَ تَتَحَرَّكُ وَ تَسِيرُ فِي السَّمَاءِ،خَرَجَ إِلَى نَادِي قُرَيْشٍ وَ قَالَ:يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ،هَلْ وُلِدَ اللَّيْلَةَ فِيكُمْ مَوْلُودٌ؟فَقَالُوا:لاَ،فَقَالَ:أَخْطَأْتُمْ وَ التَّوْرَاةِ،قَدْ وُلِدَ فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ آخِرُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ أَفْضَلُهُمْ،وَ هُوَ الَّذِي نَجِدُهُ فِي كُتُبِنَا،أَنَّهُ إِذَا وُلِدَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيُّ رُجِمَتِ الشَّيَاطِينُ،وَ حُجِبُوا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ.فَرَجَعَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ يَسْأَلُ أَهْلَهُ،فَقَالُوا:قَدْ وُلِدَ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ابْنٌ.فَقَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ:اِعْرِضُوهُ عَلَيَّ.فَمَشَوْا مَعَهُ إِلَى بَابِ آمِنَةَ،فَقَالُوا لَهَا:أَخْرِجِي ابْنَكِ يَنْظُرْ إِلَيْهِ هَذَا الْيَهُودِيُّ،فَأَخْرَجَتْهُ فِي قِمَاطِهِ،فَنَظَرَ فِي عَيْنَيْهِ،وَ كَشَفَ عَنْ كَتِفِهِ،فَرَأَى شَامَةً سَوْدَاءَ عَلَيْهَا شَعَرَاتٌ،فَسَقَطَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ مَغْشِيّاً عَلَيْهِ،فَضَحِكُوا مِنْهُ،فَقَالَ:أَ تَضْحَكُونَ،يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ؟هَذَا نَبِيُّ السَّيْفِ،لَيُبِيدَنَّكُمْ،وَ ذَهَبَتِ النُّبُوَّةُ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِلَى آخِرِ الْأَبَدِ.وَ تَفَرَّقَ النَّاسُ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ بِخَبَرِ الْيَهُودِيِّ.

English:

It illuminated what was between the heaven and the earth. The devils were pelted with the stars and were barred from the heaven. Quraysh saw the meteors moving, shifting, and coursing through the sky, and they were terrified and said, “This is the rise of the Hour.” They gathered to al-Walid ibn al-Mughira, who was an elderly experienced man, and asked him about it. He said: Look at these stars by which you are guided in the darknesses of land and sea; if they have vanished, then it is the Hour; but if they are fixed, then it is due to a matter that has occurred. There was in Mecca a Jewish man called Yusuf. When he saw the stars moving and coursing in the sky, he went out to the club of Quraysh and said: O assembly of Quraysh, has a child been born among you tonight? They said: No. He said: You are mistaken, by the Torah! Tonight the last and best of the prophets has been born, and he is the one we find in our books: when that Prophet is born, the devils will be stoned and barred from the heaven. Then each one returned to his house to ask his family, and they said: A son has been born to ‘Abdullah son of ‘Abd al-Muttalib. The Jew said: Present him to me. They went with him to the door of Amina, and they said to her: Bring out your son for this Jew to look at him. She brought him out in his swaddling cloth; he looked into his eyes and uncovered his shoulder and saw a black mark with some hairs upon it; he fell to the ground unconscious. They laughed at him, and he said: Do you laugh, O assembly of Quraysh? This is the Prophet of the sword—he will surely annihilate you; and prophethood has departed from the Children of Israel until the end of time. The people dispersed, talking about the story of the Jew.

فَلَمَّا رُمِيَتِ الشَّيَاطِينُ بِالنُّجُومِ أَنْكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ،وَ اجْتَمَعُوا إِلَى إِبْلِيسَ،فَقَالُوا:قَدْ مُنِعْنَا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ،وَ قَدْ رُمِينَا بِالشُّهُبِ!فَقَالَ:اُطْلُبُوا،فَإِنَّ أَمْراً قَدْ حَدَثَ فِي الدُّنْيَا.فَتَفَرَّقُوا،فَرَجَعُوا،وَ قَالُوا:لَمْ نَرَ شَيْئاً.فَقَالَ إِبْلِيسُ:أَنَا لَهَا بِنَفْسِي.فَجَالَ مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَ الْمَغْرِبِ،حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى الْحَرَمِ فَرَآهُ مَحْفُوفاً بِالْمَلاَئِكَةِ،وَ جَبْرَئِيلُ عَلَى بَابِ الْحَرَمِ بِيَدِهِ حَرْبَةٌ،فَأَرَادَ إِبْلِيسُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ،فَصَاحَ بِهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ،فَقَالَ:اِخْسَأْ يَا مَلْعُونُ.فَجَاءَ مِنْ قِبَلِ حِرَاءَ،فَصَارَ مِثْلَ الصِّرِّ [1]،ثُمَّ قَالَ:يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ حَرْفٌ أَسْأَلُكَ عَنْهُ.قَالَ:وَ مَا هُوَ؟قَالَ:مَا هَذَا،وَ مَا اجْتِمَاعُكُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا؟فَقَالَ:نَبِيُّ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةَ قَدْ وُلِدَ،وَ هُوَ آخِرُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ أَفْضَلُهُمْ.قَالَ:هَلْ لِي فِيهِ نَصِيبٌ؟قَالَ:لاَ.قَالَ:فَفِي أُمَّتِهِ؟قَالَ:بَلَى.قَالَ:قَدْ رَضِيتُ.

English:

When the devils were pelted with the stars, they were confounded by it and gathered to Iblis and said: We have been barred from the heaven and pelted with shooting stars! He said: Seek out the matter, for a momentous affair has happened in the world. They scattered and returned, saying: We found nothing. Iblis said: I will handle it myself. He roamed between east and west until he came to the Sanctuary and found it encircled by angels, and Gabriel was at the gate of the Sanctuary with a spear in his hand. Iblis wanted to enter, but Gabriel cried out to him and said: Begone, O accursed one! So he came from the direction of Hira and became like a bird of the kind sirr [1]. Then he said: O Gabriel, one question I ask you. He said: What is it? He said: What is this, and what is the cause of your gathering in the world? He said: The Prophet of this community has been born; he is the last and the best of the prophets. He said: Do I have any share in him? He said: No. He said: Then in his community? He said: Yes. He said: I am content.

99-/5818 _4- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَرْقِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ الْبَزَنْطِيِّ،عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «كَانَ إِبْلِيسُ(لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ)يَخْتَرِقُ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعَ،فَلَمَّا وُلِدَ عِيسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،حُجِبَ عَنْ ثَلاَثِ سَمَاوَاتٍ،وَ كَانَ يَخْتَرِقُ أَرْبَعَ سَمَاوَاتٍ،فَلَمَّا وُلِدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،حُجِبَ عَنِ السَّبْعِ كُلِّهَا،وَ رُمِيَتِ الشَّيَاطِينُ بِالنُّجُومِ،وَ قَالَتْ قُرَيْشٌ:هَذَا قِيَامُ السَّاعَةِ،كُنَّا نَسْمَعُ أَهْلَ الْكُتُبِ يَذْكُرُونَهُ.وَ قَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ،وَ كَانَ مِنْ أَزْجَرِ [2] أَهْلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ:اُنْظُرُوا هَذِهِ النُّجُومَ الَّتِي يُهْتَدَى بِهَا،وَ يُعْرَفُ بِهَا أَزْمَانُ الشِّتَاءِ وَ الصَّيْفِ،فَإِنْ كَانَ رُمِيَ بِهَا،

English:

99-/5818 _4- Ibn Babawayh said: ‘Ali ibn Ahmad ibn ‘Abdullah ibn Ahmad ibn Abi ‘Abdillah al-Barqi narrated to us; he said: My father narrated to me, from his grandfather Ahmad ibn Abi ‘Abdillah, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr al-Bazanti, from Aban ibn ‘Uthman, from Abu ‘Abdillah al-Sadiq (peace be upon him), who said: “Iblis (may Allah curse him) used to pierce through the seven heavens. When Jesus (peace be upon him) was born, he was barred from three heavens, and he used to pierce through four heavens. When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) was born, he was barred from all seven, and the devils were pelted with stars. Quraysh said: This is the rise of the Hour—we used to hear the People of the Book mention it. And ‘Amr ibn Umayya—who was among the most practiced in augury [2] in the Jahiliyya—said: Look at these stars by which one is guided and by which the seasons of winter and summer are known; if they have been the ones pelted,

فَهُوَ هَلاَكٌ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ،وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ ثَبَتَتْ وَ رُمِيَ بِغَيْرِهَا،فَهُوَ أَمْرٌ حَدَثٌ.

وَ أَصْبَحَتِ الْأَصْنَامُ كُلُّهَا صَبِيحَةَ مَوْلِدِ النَّبِيِّ لَيْسَ مِنْهَا صَنَمٌ إِلاَّ وَ هُوَ مُنْكَبٌّ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ،وَ ارْتَجَسَ [1] فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ إِيْوَانُ كِسْرَى،وَ سَقَطَتْ مِنْهُ أَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ شُرْفَةً،وَ غَاضَتْ بُحَيْرَةُ سَاوَةَ،وَ فَاضَ وَادِي السَّمَاوَةِ،وَ خَمَدَتْ نِيرَانُ فَارِسَ،وَ لَمْ تَخْمُدْ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ بِأَلْفِ عَامٍ،وَ رَأَى الْمُوبَذَانُ [2] فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ فِي الْمَنَامِ إِبِلاً صِعَاباً تَقُودُ خَيْلاً عِرَاباً،وَ قَدْ قَطَعَتْ دِجْلَةَ وَ انْتَشَرَتْ [3] فِي بِلاَدِهِمْ،وَ انْقَصَمَ طَاقُ الْمَلِكِ كِسْرَى مِنْ وَسَطِهِ،وَ انْخَرَقَتْ عَلَيْهِ دِجْلَةُ الْعَوْرَاءُ [4]، وَ انْتَشَرَ فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ نُورٌ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْحِجَازِ،ثُمَّ اسْتَطَارَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ الْمَشْرِقَ،وَ لَمْ يَبْقَ سَرِيرٌ لِمَلِكٍ مِنَ مُلُوكِ الدُّنْيَا إِلاَّ أَصْبَحَ مَنْكُوساً،وَ الْمَلِكُ مُخْرِساً لاَ يَتَكَلَّمُ يَوْمَهُ ذَلِكَ،وَ انْتُزِعَ عِلْمُ الْكَهَنَةِ،وَ بَطَلَ سِحْرُ السَّحَرَةِ،وَ لَمْ تَبْقَ كَاهِنَةٌ فِي الْعَرَبِ إِلاَّ حُجِبَتْ عَنْ صَاحِبِهَا،وَ عَظُمَتْ قُرَيْشٌ فِي الْعَرَبِ،سُمُّوا آلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ-قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)-إِنَّمَا سُمُّوا آلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِأَنَّهُمْ فِي بَيْتِ اللَّهِ الْحَرَامِ.

وَ قَالَتْ آمِنَةُ:إِنَّ ابْنِي-وَ اللَّهِ-سَقَطَ فَاتَّقَى الْأَرْضَ بِيَدِهِ،ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا،ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مِنِّي نُورٌ أَضَاءَ لَهُ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ،وَ سَمِعْتُ فِي الضَّوْءِ قَائِلاً يَقُولُ:إِنَّكِ قَدْ وَلَدْتِ سَيِّدَ النَّاسِ،فَسَمِّيهِ مُحَمَّداً.وَ أُتِيَ بِهِ عَبْدُ الْمُطَّلِبِ لِيَنْظُرَ إِلَيْهِ،وَ قَدْ بَلَغَهُ مَا قَالَتْ أُمُّهُ،فَأَخَذَهُ وَ وَضَعَهُ فِي حَجْرِهِ،ثُمَّ قَالَ:

اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَعْطَانِي

هَذَا الْغُلاَمَ الطَّيِّبَ الْأَرْدَانَ

قَدْ سَادَ فِي الْمَهْدِ عَلَى الْغِلْمَانِ

وَ فَاقَ شَأْنُهُ جَمِيعَ الشَّأْنِ [5]

ثُمَّ عَوَّذَهُ بِأَرْكَانِ الْكَعْبَةِ،وَ قَالَ فِيهِ أَشْعَاراً».

English:

then it is the destruction of everything; but if they remain fixed and something else is being pelted, then it is a happening that has occurred.” All the idols, on the morning of the Prophet’s birth, there was not a single idol but that it was toppled on its face. The palace of Kisra shook [1] that night and fourteen of its balconies fell. Lake Sawah dried up; the valley of al-Samawah overflowed; the fires of Persia were extinguished, though they had not been extinguished for a thousand years before that. The Mobedhan [2] saw in his sleep that night difficult camels leading thoroughbred horses, and they had crossed the Tigris and spread out [3] in their lands. The arch of the king Kisra split in its middle, and the “one-eyed Tigris” [4] broke its banks upon him. A light spread that night from the direction of the Hijaz, then it soared until it reached the East. No throne of any king among the kings of the world remained but that it was found overturned, and the king was rendered speechless, not speaking that day. The knowledge of the soothsayers was snatched away, the magic of the magicians was nullified, and no female soothsayer remained among the Arabs but that she was barred from her familiar spirit. Quraysh’s stature grew among the Arabs, and they were named “the Family of Allah, Mighty and Majestic”—Abu ‘Abdillah al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: They were named “the Family of Allah, Mighty and Majestic” only because they dwell in the Sacred House of Allah. And Amina said: My son—by Allah—fell and braced the ground with his hand, then he raised his head to the heaven and looked at it. Then a light came forth from me that illuminated everything for him, and I heard in that light a voice saying: You have given birth to the master of mankind; so name him Muhammad. He was brought to ‘Abd al-Muttalib to look at him, and the words of his mother had reached him. He took him and placed him in his lap, then said:

Praise belongs to Allah who granted me

This boy of pure garments;

He has lorded it in the cradle over the boys,

And his affair has surpassed every affair. [5]

Then he sought protection for him with the corners of the Ka‘bah and recited poetry about him.

He said: “Iblis (may Allah curse him) cried out among his devils, and they gathered to him and said: What has frightened you, our master? He said to them: Woe to you! I have found the heavens and the earth unfamiliar since tonight. A tremendous event has occurred on earth, the like of which has not occurred since Jesus son of Mary was raised [6]. Go out and see what is this event that has taken place. They scattered and then gathered back to him and said: We found nothing. Iblis (may Allah curse him) said: I will handle this matter. Then he plunged into the world and roamed it until he reached the Sanctuary and found the Sanctuary surrounded [7] by angels. He went to enter, but they cried out to him so he turned back. Then he became like the sirr—that is, the sparrow—and entered from the direction of Hira. Gabriel said to him: Back away; may Allah curse you. He said to him: One question I ask you, O Gabriel: What is the event that has occurred on earth since last night? He said to him: Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family) has been born. He said to him: Do I have a share in him? He said: No. He said: Then in his community? He said: Yes. He said: I am content.”

99-/5819 _1- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَزْدِيِّ،عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَبْدِ السَّلاَمِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «يَا عَبْدَ السَّلاَمِ،احْذَرِ النَّاسَ وَ نَفْسَكَ».

فَقُلْتُ:بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي،أَمَّا النَّاسُ فَقَدْ أَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَنْ أَحْذَرَهُمْ،فَأَمَّا نَفْسِي فَكَيْفَ؟ قَالَ:«إِنَّ الْخَبِيثَ الْمُسْتَرِقَ السَّمْعَ يَجِيئُكَ فَيَسْتَرِقُ،ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ فِي صُورَةِ آدَمِيٍّ،فَيَقُولُ:قَالَ عَبْدُ السَّلاَمِ».

فَقُلْتُ:بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَ أُمِّي،هَذَا مَا لاَ حِيلَةَ لَهُ.قَالَ:«هُوَ ذَلِكَ».

English:

99-/5819 _1- Al-‘Ayyashi: from Bakr ibn Muhammad al-Azdi, from his uncle ‘Abd al-Salam, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: “O ‘Abd al-Salam, beware of the people and of your own self.” I said: May my father and mother be your ransom, as for the people I am able to be wary of them, but as for my own self—how? He said: “The wicked one who steals a hearing comes to you and steals, then goes out in the form of a human and says, ‘‘Abd al-Salam said…’” I said: May my father and mother be your ransom, this is something for which there is no remedy. He said: “It is as such.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ الْأَرْضَ مَدَدْنٰاهٰا وَ أَلْقَيْنٰا فِيهٰا رَوٰاسِيَ -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ مَنْ لَسْتُمْ لَهُ بِرٰازِقِينَ [19-20] /5820 _2-علي بن إبراهيم،قال:قوله: وَ الْأَرْضَ مَدَدْنٰاهٰا وَ أَلْقَيْنٰا فِيهٰا رَوٰاسِيَ أي الجبال: وَ أَنْبَتْنٰا فِيهٰا مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مَوْزُونٍ* وَ جَعَلْنٰا لَكُمْ فِيهٰا مَعٰايِشَ وَ مَنْ لَسْتُمْ لَهُ بِرٰازِقِينَ قال:لكل ضرب من الحيوان قدرنا شيئا مقدرا.

English:

Quranic verses cited:

- وَالْأَرْضَ مَدَدْنَاهَا وَأَلْقَيْنَا فِيهَا رَوَاسِيَ وَأَنْبَتْنَا فِيهَا مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مَوْزُونٍ* وَجَعَلْنَا لَكُمْ فِيهَا مَعَايِشَ وَمَنْ لَسْتُمْ لَهُ بِرَازِقِينَ (الحجر 15:19-20)

“And the earth, We have stretched it out and made in it firm mountains and caused to grow in it of every suitable thing. And We have made in it means of subsistence for you and for him for whom you are not the suppliers.” (M. H. Shakir)

/5820 _2- Ali ibn Ibrahim said: His saying: “And the earth, We have stretched it out and cast into it firm mountains”—that is, the mountains; “and We have caused to grow in it of everything measured; and We have made for you therein means of livelihood, and for those whom you do not provide”—he said: For every kind of animal We have decreed a specific measured provision.

99-/5821 _3- قَالَ:وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَ أَنْبَتْنٰا فِيهٰا مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مَوْزُونٍ :«فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى أَنْبَتَ فِي الْجِبَالِ الذَّهَبَ وَ الْفِضَّةَ وَ الْجَوْهَرَ وَ الصُّفْرَ وَ النُّحَاسَ وَ الْحَدِيدَ وَ الرَّصَاصَ وَ الْكُحْلَ وَ الزَّرْنِيخَ،وَ أَشْبَاهَ ذَلِكَ لاَ يُبَاعُ إِلاَّ وَزْناً».

English:

99-/5821 _3- He said: And in the narration of Abu al-Jarud, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, “And We have caused to grow in it of everything measured,” he said: “Indeed Allah, Blessed and Exalted, has caused to grow in the mountains gold, silver, jewels, brass, copper, iron, lead, kohl, arsenic, and the like of that—which are not to be sold except by weight.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ إِنْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلاّٰ عِنْدَنٰا خَزٰائِنُهُ وَ مٰا نُنَزِّلُهُ إِلاّٰ بِقَدَرٍ مَعْلُومٍ [21] /5822 _4-علي بن إبراهيم،في قوله: وَ إِنْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلاّٰ عِنْدَنٰا خَزٰائِنُهُ وَ مٰا نُنَزِّلُهُ إِلاّٰ بِقَدَرٍ مَعْلُومٍ قال:

الخزانة:الماء الذي ينزل من السماء فينبت لكل ضرب من الحيوان ما قدر اللّه له من الغذاء.

English:

Quranic verse cited:

- وَإِنْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا عِنْدَنَا خَزَائِنُهُ وَمَا نُنَزِّلُهُ إِلَّا بِقَدَرٍ مَعْلُومٍ (الحجر 15:21)

“And there is not a thing but with Us are the treasures of it, and We do not send it down but in a known measure.” (M. H. Shakir)

/5822 _4- Ali ibn Ibrahim, regarding His saying, “And there is not a thing but with Us are its treasuries, and We do not send it down except in a known measure,” said: The “treasury” is the water that descends from the sky, by which there grows for every kind of animal that which Allah has decreed for it of sustenance.

References:

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:373.

- Tafsir al-Qummi 1:373.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:373.

- Tafsir al-Qummi 1:373.

_3) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:373.

- Tafsir al-Qummi 1:373.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:373.

- Tafsir al-Qummi 1:373.

[1] مجمع البيان 6:509. و فيه: بالكواكب النيّرة.

- Majma‘ al-Bayān 6:509. Wa fīhi: bil-kawākibi an-nayyirah.

[2] آل عمران 3:36. و لم يرد هناك حديث في معنى الرجيم، و الرجيم: هو المرجوم باللعن، المشؤوم، المطرود من مواضع الخير: إذ لا يذكره مؤمن إلاّ لعنه. و قيل: المرمي بالشهب. انظر التفسير المنسوب إلى الإمام العسكريّ(عليه السّلام):16، مجمع البيان 2:509، مجمع البحرين -رجم-6:68. و ستأتي أحاديث بهذا المعنى في تفسير الآيات(98-100) من سورة النحل.

- Āl ‘Imrān 3:36. Wa lam yarid hunāka hadīth fī ma‘nā ar-rajīm, wa ar-rajīm: huwa al-marjūm bil-la‘n, al-mash’ūm, al-matrūd min mawādi‘ al-khayr: idh lā yadhkuruhu mu’min illā la‘anah. Wa qīla: al-marmī bish-shuhub. Unẓur at-tafsīr al-mansūb ilā al-Imām al-‘Askarī (alayhi as-salām): 16, Majma‘ al-Bayān 2:509, Majma‘ al-Baḥrayn -Rajm- 6:68. Wa sata’tī aḥādīth bi-hādhā al-ma‘nā fī tafsīr al-āyāt (98-100) min Sūrat an-Naḥl.

_4) -الأمالي:1/235.

- Al-Amālī: 1/235.

[1] الصّرّ: طائر كالعصفور أصفر. «أقرب الموارد-صرر-:643» و في الحديث الآتي: ثمّ صار مثل الصّرّ، و هو العصفور.

- As-sirr: ṭā’ir ka-l-‘uṣfūr aṣfar. “Aqrab al-Mawārid - Ṣarar -: 643” wa fī al-ḥadīth al-ātī: thumma ṣāra mithla as-sirr, wa huwa al-‘uṣfūr.

[2] الزّجر: العيافة، و هو ضرب من التّكهّن. «لسان العرب-زجر-4:319».

- Az-zajr: al-‘iyāfah, wa huwa ḍarbun mina at-takahan. “Lisān al-‘Arab - Zajr - 4:319”.

[1] الرّجس: الصّوت الشديد، و ارتجس البناء: رجف. انظر «المعجم الوسيط-رجس-1:330».

- Ar-rijs: aṣ-ṣawt ash-shadīd, wa irtajasa al-binā’: rajafa. Unẓur “al-Mu‘jam al-Wasīṭ - Rajas - 1:330”.

[2] الموبذان للمجوس: كقاضي القضاة عند المسلمين، و الموبذ: القاضي. «لسان العرب-موبذ-3:511».

- Al-Mūbadhān lil-Majūs: ka-Qāḍī al-Quḍāt ‘inda al-Muslimīn, wa al-Mūbadh: al-qāḍī. “Lisān al-‘Arab - Mūbadh - 3:511”.

[3] في المصدر: و انسربت.

- Fī al-maṣdar: wa insarabat.

[4] دجلة العوراء: اسم لدجلة البصرة، علم لها. «معجم البلدان 2:442».

- Dijlat al-‘Awrā’: ism li-Dijlat al-Baṣrah, ‘alam lahā. “Mu‘jam al-Buldān 2:442”.

[5] (و فاق...الشأن) ليس في «س، و المصدر».

- (Wa fāqa… ash-sha’n) laysa fī “S, wa al-maṣdar”.

[6] في المصدر: ولد.

- Fī al-maṣdar: wulida.

[7] في المصدر: محفوظا.

- Fī al-maṣdar: maḥfūẓan.

_1) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:3/239.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:3/239.

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:374.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:374.

_3) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:374.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:374.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:375.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:375.