86. The Martyr of ʿAlqamī
86. ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﻋﻠﻘﻤﻪ
اﺷﺎره
»ﻋﻠﻘﻤﻪ« ﺳـﺮزﻣﯿﻦ اﺳـﺮارآﻣﯿﺰي اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻫـﺪ ﺻـﺤﻨﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﺑﻪ ﯾﺎدﻣﺎﻧـﺪﻧﯽ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ از دﻻـوري ﻫـﺎ، ﺟﺎﻧﺒـﺎزي ﻫـﺎ، ﻓـﺪاﮐﺎري ﻫـﺎ، روﺷـﻨﮕﺮي ﻫـﺎ، ﺣﻖ ﺟﻮﯾﯽ ﻫـﺎ، ﺣﻖ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﯽ ﻫـﺎ، ﻋـﺪاﻟﺖ ﺧﻮاﻫﯽ ﻫـﺎ، ﻓﺮزاﻧﮕﯽ ﻫﺎ، ﺑﺮازﻧـﺪﮔﯽ ﻫﺎ و ﺷﺎﯾﺴـﺘﮕﯽ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻮده، دﻧﯿﺎﯾﯽ از ﺧﺎﻃﺮات ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ ي ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﺑﺸﺮي را در ﺧﻮد ﺟﺎي داده اﺳﺖ.
»ﺷـﻬﯿﺪ ﻋﻠﻘﻤﻪ« آن اﻗﯿـﺎﻧﻮس ﻧﺎﭘﯿـﺪاﮐﺮاﻧﻪ اي اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺧﻮرﺷـﯿﺪ ﻫﻤﻪ ي ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺮاﻧﻪ ي آن ﻃﻠﻮع ﮐﺮده، ﻋﻤﯿﻖ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ درس ﻫﺎي اﻧﺴﺎن ﺳﺎز را در ﮔﻮش ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯿﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻃﻨﯿﻦ درآورد.
او اﻧﺴـﺎن ﮐﺎﻣـﻞ و ﺷﺨﺼـﯿّﺖ ﺑﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨـﺪ دوران ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻌـﺪ از ﺳﺎﻻـر ﺷـﻬﯿﺪان، در داﻧﺶ و ﺑﯿﻨﺶ از ﻫﻤﻪ ﭘﯿﺸـﺘﺎزﺗﺮ، در اﻃـﺎﻋﺖ و ﺑﻨﺪﮔﯽ از ﻫﻤﻪ ﮐﻮﺷﺎﺗﺮ و در ﺷﺠﺎﻋﺖ و دﻻوري از ﻫﻤﻪ ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﺑﻮد.
رﺋﯿﺲ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ، اﻣﺎم ﺑﻪ ﺣﻖ ﻧﺎﻃﻖ، ﺣﻀﺮت ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺻﺎدق ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴﻼم در ﺳﺘﺎﯾﺶ آن ﺣﻀﺮت ﻣﯽ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﯾﺪ: ﻋﻤﻮي ﻣﺎ ﻋﺒﺎس ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﯽ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﻤﺎاﻟﺴﻼم ﺑﺼﯿﺮﺗﯽ ﻧﺎﻓﺬ و اﯾﻤﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر اﺳﺘﻮار داﺷﺖ(1).
او ﭘﯿﺶ از ﻫﻤﻪ و ﺑﯿﺶ از ﻫﻤﻪ اﻣﺎم زﻣﺎﻧﺶ را ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ و ﭘﺮواﻧﻪ وار ﺑﺮ ﮔﺮد ﺷﻤﻊ
وﺟﻮدش ﮔﺸﺖ و در دﻓﺎع از ﺣﺮﯾﻤﺶ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎي ﺟﺎن اﯾﺴـﺘﺎد و ﻧﻘـﺪ ﺟﺎﻧﺶ را در ﻃﺒﻖ اﺧﻼص ﻧﻬﺎد و آﻧﭽﻪ داﺷﺖ، در ﮐﻮي ﺟﺎﻧﺎن ﭘﺎك ﺑﺒﺎﺧﺖ.
او ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﮔﺮاﻧﻤﺎﯾﻪ اي اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﻪ ي ﺷﻬﯿﺪان راه ﺣﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎل او ﻏﺒﻄﻪ
149 :ص
-1 .1 اﺑﻦ ﻋﻨﺒﻪ، ﻋﻤﺪه اﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ، ص .356
ﻣﯽ ﺧﻮرﻧﺪ. ﭼﻨﺎﻧﮑﻪ ﺣﻀﺮت ﻓﺨﺮاﻟﺴّﺎﺟﺪﯾﻦ، زﯾﻦ اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪﯾﻦ، اﻣﺎم ﺳﺠّﺎد ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴﻼم ﻓﺮﻣﻮد:
ﺑﺮاي ﻋﺒّﺎس در ﻧﺰد ﺧﺪاوﻧﺪ ﻣﺘﻌﺎل ﻣﻘﺎم ﺑﺴﯿﺎر واﻻﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﻪ ي ﺷﻬﯿﺪان در روز ﻗﯿﺎﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎل او ﻏﺒﻄﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺧﻮرﻧﺪ. (1)
او وارث ﻓﻀﺎﯾـﻞ و ﮐﻤﺎﻻـت ﭘـﺪر ﺑﺰرﮔـﻮارش اﻣﯿﺮﻣﻮءﻣﻨـﺎن ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴـﻼم ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ در ﻣﮑﺘﺐ وﺣﯽ ﭘﺮورش ﯾـﺎﻓﺘﻪ و ﺷـﺎﮔﺮد ﻣﻤﺘـﺎز ﺧﺎﻧﺪان ﻋﺼﻤﺖ و ﻃﻬﺎرت ﺑﻮد.
او ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﺎﻧﺖ در رﻓﺘﺎر، ﺻﺪاﻗﺖ در ﮔﻔﺘﺎر و اﺧﻼص در ﮐﺮدار ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﯽ رﺳﯿﺪ ﮐﻪ اﻣﺎم زﻣﺎﻧﺶ او را ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪال: ﺑِﻨَﻔْﺴﯽ أﻧﺖَ ﯾﺎ أﺧِﯽ؛
ﺟﺎﻧﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺪاﯾﺖ اي ﺑﺮادر! ﻣﻔﺘﺨﺮ ﻧﻤﻮد(2).
واژﮔﺎﻧﯽ ﭼﻮن: وﻓﺎ، ﺻـﻔﺎ، اﯾﺜﺎر، ﻓﺘﻮّت، ﻣﺮوّت و ﻣﻮاﺳﺎت در ﻃﻮل ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻣﺼﺪاق ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ، وﻟﯽ در ﺳﺮﺷﺖ او اﺳﺘﻮارﺗﺮ و ﺑﺮ ﻗﺎﻣﺖ او راﺳﺖ ﺗﺮ ﺑﻮد.
ﺣﻀﺮت اﻣﺎم ﻫﺎدي ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴﻼم از ﺻﻔﺎي ﺑﯽ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ و ﻣﻮاﺳﺎت ﺑﯽ ﻫﻤﺘﺎﯾﺶ در زﯾﺎرت ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ ي ﻣﻘﺪّﺳﻪ ﯾﺎد ﮐﺮده ﻣﯽ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﯾﻨﺪ:
ﺳﻼم ﺑﺮ ﻋﺒّﺎس، ﻓﺮزﻧﺪ اﻣﯿﺮﻣﻮءﻣﻨﺎن ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴـﻼم ، ﮐﻪ ﺟﺎﻧﺶ را در راه ﻣﻮاﺳﺎت ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮادرش ﺗﻘﺪﯾﻢ ﻧﻤﻮد، ﺑﺮاي آﺧﺮﺗﺶ از دﻧﯿﺎ ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﺟﺎﻧﺶ را در راه ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ از
ﺑﺮادرش ﻓﺪا ﻧﻤﻮد(3).
او ﻫﻤـﻪ ي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫـﺎي اﺻـﯿﻞ اﺳـﻼﻣﯽ و ارزش ﻫـﺎي واﻻـي اﻧﺴـﺎﻧﯽ را در ﭘﻬﻨـﺪﺷﺖ ﮐﺮﺑﻼـ و ﺑﺮ ﮐﺮاﻧﻪ ي »ﻧﻬﺮ ﻋﻠﻘﻤﻪ« ﻋﯿﻨﯿّﺖ ﺑﺨﺸﯿﺪ و ﺑﺮ واژه ﻋﻠﻘﻤﻪ ﻗﺪاﺳﺘﯽ ﺑﺨﺸﯿﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻤﯿﺸﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺎرك ﺻﻔﺤﺎت زرّﯾﻦ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ درﺧﺸﯿﺪ.
150 :ص
-1 .1 ﺷﯿﺦ ﺻﺪوق، اﻟﺨﺼﺎل، ج 1، ص .68
-2 .2 ﻃﺒﺮي، ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ اﻻﻣﻢ واﻟﻤﻠﻮك، ج 4، ص .315
-3 .1 ﻧﮕﺎرﻧﺪه، ﻧﺒﺮاس اﻟﺰاﺋﺮ، ص 137 )زﯾﺎرت ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ ﻣﻘﺪّﺳﻪ.(
86. The Martyr of ʿAlqamī
Introduction
The land of ʿAlqamī is a mysterious and sacred ground — witness to countless unforgettable scenes of courage, sacrifice, devotion, enlightenment, justice-seeking, and virtue. It carries within itself some of the most luminous memories in the history of humanity.
The Martyr of ʿAlqamī, Abū al-Faḍl al-ʿAbbās (a.s.), is like a boundless ocean on the shores of which all the suns of human values rise. His life echoes the deepest lessons of spiritual transformation in the ears of all the world.
He was the Perfect Human, unmatched in his time. After the Master of Martyrs (Imām Husain ‘alayhis-salām), he stood at the forefront in knowledge and insight, in obedience and worship, and in bravery and valor.
The leader of the school of thought, the rightful-speaking Imām Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq (a.s.), praised him saying:
“Our uncle ʿAbbās ibn ʿAlī (a.s.) had deep insight and a firm faith.”
(ʿUmdah al-Ṭālib, p. 356)
True Devotion to the Imām
He recognized his Imām before all others, more than all others, and like a moth around the flame of truth, circled his master with unwavering love. He stood by the sanctuary of Imām Husain (a.s.) until the last breath, offering his life in a tray of sincerity and lost everything in the path of the beloved.
He is that noble martyr for whom all other martyrs envy.
Imām Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn (a.s.) said:
“For ʿAbbās, with Allah the Most High is such a lofty station that all martyrs will envy him on the Day of Judgment.”
(al-Khiṣāl, vol. 1, p. 68)
He inherited the virtues and excellences of his great father, Amīr al-Mu’minīn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib (a.s.). He was raised in the school of divine revelation and was a distinguished student of the household of infallibility and purity.
With dignity in character, truth in speech, and sincerity in action, he reached such a rank that his Imām honored him with the words:
"بِنَفْسِي أَنْتَ يَا أَخِي"
“May I be ransomed for you, O my brother!”
(Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-Umam wa al-Mulūk, vol. 4, p. 315)
A Living Manifestation of Noble Qualities
Words like loyalty (wafā’), purity (ṣafā’), altruism (īthār), chivalry (futuwwah), manliness (murūwwah), and solidarity (muwāsāt) have found many examples in history, but they were most firmly embedded in the essence and conduct of al-ʿAbbās (a.s.).
Imām al-Hādī (a.s.), in Ziyārat al-Nāḥiyah al-Muqaddasah, mentions his peerless sacrifice:
“Peace be upon ʿAbbās, the son of Amīr al-Muʾminīn, who gave his life in loyalty to his brother, benefitted from the world for his hereafter, and sacrificed himself in defense of his brother.”
(Ziyārat al-Nāḥiyah al-Muqaddasah, Nabras al-Zā’ir, p. 137)
He actualized all lofty Islamic standards and human values on the plains of Karbala, especially on the banks of the River ʿAlqamī. He sanctified the name of ʿAlqamī forever, ensuring that it will forever shine on the golden pages of history.