Ar-Ra'd Ayah 38

الرعد آيه 38

اَلَّذِينَ آتَيْنٰاهُمُ الْكِتٰابَ يَفْرَحُونَ بِمٰا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ «فَرِحُوا بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ إِذَا تُلِيَ عَلَيْهِمْ،وَ إِذَا تَلَوْهُ تُفِيضُ أَعْيُنُهُمْ دَمْعاً مِنَ الْفَزَعِ وَ الْحَزَنِ،وَ هُوَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».

They to whom We gave the Book rejoice in what has been revealed to you: “They rejoiced at the Book of Allah when it was recited to them, and when they recited it, their eyes overflowed with tears out of awe and grief; and he is ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him).” [Qur’an 13:36 — M. H. Shakir: And those to whom We have given the Book rejoice in what has been revealed to you; and of the confederates are those who deny a part of it. Say: I am only commanded that I should serve Allah and not associate anything with Him; to Him do I invite (you) and to Him is my return.]

و هي في قراءة ابن مسعود:(و الذي أنزلنا إليك الكتاب هو الحق،و من يؤمن به)أي عليّ بن أبي طالب(عليه السلام)يؤمن به وَ مِنَ الْأَحْزٰابِ مَنْ يُنْكِرُ بَعْضَهُ أنكروا من تأويله ما أنزله في علي و آل محمّد(صلوات اللّه عليهم)،و آمنوا ببعضه،فأما المشركون،فأنكروه كله،أوله و آخره،و أنكروا أن محمّدا رسول اللّه.

And it is in the reading of Ibn Mas‘ud: “And that which We have revealed to you—the Book—is the truth, and whoever believes in it,” meaning ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) believes in it. And among the confederates are those who deny part of it—they denied, in its interpretation, what was revealed concerning ‘Ali and the Family of Muhammad (blessings of Allah be upon them), while they believed in part of it. As for the polytheists, they denied it entirely, its beginning and its end, and they denied that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.

قوله تعالى:

وَ لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنٰا رُسُلاً مِنْ قَبْلِكَ وَ جَعَلْنٰا لَهُمْ أَزْوٰاجاً وَ ذُرِّيَّةً [38]

And certainly We sent messengers before you and We gave them wives and offspring. [Qur’an 13:38 — M. H. Shakir]

99-/5601

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ سَهْلٍ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ الْكِنْدِيِّ،قَالَ:

دَخَلْنَا عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي زَمَنِ مَرْوَانَ،فَقَالَ:«مَنْ أَنْتُمْ؟»فَقُلْنَا:مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ،فَقَالَ:«مَا مِنْ بَلْدَةٍ مِنَ الْبُلْدَانِ أَكْثَرُ مُحِبّاً لَنَا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ،وَ لاَ سِيَّمَا هَذِهِ الْعِصَابَةِ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ هَدَاكُمْ لِأَمْرٍ جَهِلَهُ النَّاسُ،وَ أَحْبَبْتُمُونَا وَ أَبْغَضَنَا النَّاسُ،وَ اتَّبَعْتُمُونَا وَ خَالَفَنَا النَّاسُ،وَ صَدَّقْتُمُونَا وَ كَذَّبَنَا النَّاسُ،فَأَحْيَاكُمُ اللَّهُ مَحْيَانَا،وَ أَمَاتَكُمْ مَمَاتَنَا،فَأَشْهَدُ عَلَى أَبِي أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ:مَا بَيْنَ أَحَدِكُمْ وَ بَيْنَ أَنْ يَرَى مَا يُقِرُّ اللَّهُ بِهِ عَيْنَيْهِ وَ يَغْتَبِطُ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَبْلُغَ نَفْسُهُ إِلَى هَذِهِ-وَ أَهْوَى بِيَدِهِ إِلَى حَلْقِهِ-وَ قَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ: وَ لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنٰا رُسُلاً مِنْ قَبْلِكَ وَ جَعَلْنٰا لَهُمْ أَزْوٰاجاً وَ ذُرِّيَّةً فَنَحْنُ ذُرِّيَّةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)».

وَ رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ الشَّيْخُ فِي(أَمَالِيهِ)،بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ،قَالَ:دَخَلْنَا عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَسَلَّمْنَا عَلَيْهِ،وَ جَلَسْنَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ،فَسَأَلْنَا:«مَنْ أَنْتُمْ؟»فَقُلْنَا:مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ،وَ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ [1].

99-/5601 — We entered upon Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him) in the time of Marwan. He said: “Who are you?” We said: From the people of Kufa. He said: “Among the towns, none loves us more than the people of Kufa—especially this group. Surely Allah, exalted is His remembrance, has guided you to a matter the people have been ignorant of. You loved us while the people hated us; you followed us while the people opposed us; you believed us while the people belied us. May Allah grant you a life like ours and a death like ours. I bear witness from my father that he used to say: Nothing stands between any of you and seeing that by which Allah will delight his eyes and make him rejoice, except that his soul reaches this”—and he gestured with his hand to his throat—“and Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has said in His Book: And certainly We sent messengers before you and We gave them wives and offspring. Thus, we are the offspring of the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family).”

And the Shaykh narrated this tradition in his Amali, by his chain from al-‘Abbas, from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Walid: “We entered upon Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), greeted him, and sat before him. He asked, ‘Who are you?’ We said, From the people of Kufa,” and he mentioned the report. [1]

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الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: «الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ،نَافِعٌ عَبْدُ آلِ عُمَرَ [2] كَانَ فِي بَيْتِ حَفْصَةَ وَ يَأْتِيهِ النَّاسُ وُفُوداً،فَلاَ يُعَابُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ،وَ لاَ يُقَبَّحُ عَلَيْهِمْ،وَ إِنَّ أَقْوَاماً يَأْتُونَّا صِلَةً لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)، فَيَأْتُونَّا خَائِفِينَ مُسْتَخْفِينَ،يُعَابُ ذَلِكَ وَ يُقَبَّحُ عَلَيْهِمْ،وَ لَقَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ: وَ لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنٰا رُسُلاً مِنْ قَبْلِكَ وَ جَعَلْنٰا لَهُمْ أَزْوٰاجاً وَ ذُرِّيَّةً فَمَا كَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)إِلاَّ كَأَحَدِ أُولَئِكَ،جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لَهُ أَزْوَاجاً،وَ جَعَلَ لَهُ ذُرِّيَّةً،ثُمَّ لَمْ يُسْلِمْ مَعَ أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ[مِثْلُ]مَنْ أَسْلَمَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ،أَكْرَمَ اللَّهُ بِذَلِكَ رَسُولَهُ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)».

99-/5602 — Al-‘Ayyashi: from Mu‘awiyah ibn Wahb, who said: I heard him say: “Praise be to Allah. Nafi‘, the servant of the family of ‘Umar, was in the house of Hafsa and people used to come to him in delegations; that was not criticized or condemned in regard to them. Yet some people come to us out of kinship to the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family), and they come to us afraid and in concealment, and that is censured and condemned in regard to them. Allah has said in His Book: And certainly We sent messengers before you and We gave them wives and offspring. The Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) was only like one of those; Allah made for him wives and made for him offspring. Moreover, no one among the prophets had people from his own household submit alongside him as did the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family). Allah honored His Messenger with that.”

_1) -الكافي 8:38/81.

al-Kafi 8:38/81.

_2) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:51/213.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:51/213.

[1] الأمالي 2:291.

al-Amali 2:291.

[2] في«ط»:و المصدر:الحمد للّه الذي قدح عند آل عمر.

fi “T”: wa al-masdar: al-hamdu lillah alladhi qadah ‘inda Al ‘Umar.

99-/5603

عَنْ بَشِيرٍ الدَّهَّانِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «مَا آتَى اللَّهُ أَحَداً مِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ شَيْئاً،إِلاَّ وَ قَدْ آتَاهُ مُحَمَّداً(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ قَدْ آتَى اللَّهُ مُحَمَّداً كَمَا آتَى الْمُرْسَلِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ»ثُمَّ تَلاَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ: وَ لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنٰا رُسُلاً مِنْ قَبْلِكَ وَ جَعَلْنٰا لَهُمْ أَزْوٰاجاً وَ ذُرِّيَّةً .

99-/5603 — From Bishir al-Dahhan, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: “Allah did not give any of the messengers anything except that He gave it to Muhammad (blessings be upon him and his family); and Allah indeed gave to Muhammad just as He gave to the messengers before him.” Then he recited this verse: And certainly We sent messengers before you and We gave them wives and offspring. [Qur’an 13:38 — M. H. Shakir]

99-/5604

عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبَانٍ الْكَلْبِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «أَشْهَدُ عَلَى أَبِي أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ:مَا بَيْنَ أَحَدِكُمْ وَ بَيْنَ أَنْ يُغْبَطَ أَوْ يَرَى مَا تَقَرُّ بِهِ عَيْنُهُ،إِلاَّ أَنْ تَبْلُغَ نَفْسُهُ هَذِهِ-وَ أَهْوَى إِلَى حَلْقِهِ-،قَالَ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ:

وَ لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنٰا رُسُلاً مِنْ قَبْلِكَ وَ جَعَلْنٰا لَهُمْ أَزْوٰاجاً وَ ذُرِّيَّةً فَنَحْنُ ذُرِّيَّةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)».

99-/5604 — From ‘Ali ibn ‘Umar ibn Aban al-Kalbi, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: “I bear witness from my father that he used to say: Nothing stands between any of you and being envied, or seeing that which delights his eyes, except that his soul reaches here”—and he gestured to his throat—“Allah has said in His Book: And certainly We sent messengers before you and We gave them wives and offspring. Thus, we are the offspring of the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family).” [Qur’an 13:38 — M. H. Shakir]

99-/5605

عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ،عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:«قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): خَلَقَ اللَّهُ الْخَلْقَ قِسْمَيْنِ،فَأَلْقَى قِسْمًا،وَ أَمْسَكَ قِسْمًا،ثُمَّ قَسَمَ ذَلِكَ الْقِسْمَ عَلَى ثَلاَثَةِ أَثْلاَثٍ،فَأَلْقَى ثُلُثَيْنِ وَ أَمْسَكَ ثُلُثاً، ثُمَّ اخْتَارَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الثُّلُثِ قُرَيْشاً،ثُمَّ اخْتَارَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ،ثُمَّ اخْتَارَ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَنَحْنُ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ،فَإِنْ قُلْتَ لِلنَّاسِ:لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ذُرِّيَّةٌ،جَحَدُوا،وَ لَقَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ: وَ لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنٰا رُسُلاً مِنْ قَبْلِكَ وَ جَعَلْنٰا لَهُمْ أَزْوٰاجاً وَ ذُرِّيَّةً فَنَحْنُ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ».

قَالَ:فَقُلْتُ:أَنَا أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكُمْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ.ثُمَّ قُلْتُ لَهُ:اُدْعُ اللَّهَ لِي-جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ-أَنْ يَجْعَلَنِي مَعَكُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ.فَدَعَا لِي ذَلِكَ،قَالَ:وَ قَبَّلْتُ بَاطِنَ يَدِهِ.

99-/5605 — From al-Mufaddal ibn Salih, from Ja‘far ibn Muhammad (peace be upon them both), who said: The Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family) said: “Allah created the creation in two parts; He cast aside a part and retained a part. Then He divided that retained part into three thirds; He cast aside two thirds and retained a third. Then He chose from that third Quraysh; then from Quraysh He chose Banu ‘Abd al-Muttalib; then from Banu ‘Abd al-Muttalib He chose the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family). We are his offspring. If you say to the people, ‘The Messenger of Allah has offspring,’ they deny it. Yet Allah has said: And certainly We sent messengers before you and We gave them wives and offspring—so we are his offspring.” He said: I replied, “I bear witness that you are his offspring.” Then I said to him, “Pray to Allah for me—may I be ransomed for you—that He make me with you in this world and the Hereafter.” He prayed that for me, and I kissed the inside of his hand. [Qur’an 13:38 — M. H. Shakir]

99-/5606

وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ شُعَيْبٍ،عَنْهُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «نَحْنُ ذُرِّيَّةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَدْرِي عَلَى مَا يُعَادُونَنَا!إِلاَّ لِقَرَابَتِنَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)».

99-/5606 — And in the narration of Shu‘ayb, from him (peace be upon him), that he said: “We are the offspring of the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family). By Allah, I do not know for what they show enmity toward us—except for our kinship to the Messenger of Allah (blessings be upon him and his family).”

قوله تعالى:

يَمْحُوا اللّٰهُ مٰا يَشٰاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتٰابِ [39]

Allah effaces what He pleases and establishes (what He pleases), and with Him is the Mother of the Book. [Qur’an 13:39 — M. H. Shakir]

99-/5607

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ،وَ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ وَ غَيْرِهِمَا،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ: يَمْحُوا اللّٰهُ مٰا يَشٰاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ قَالَ:فَقَالَ:

«وَ هَلْ يُمْحَى إِلاَّ مَا كَانَ ثَابِتاً،وَ هَلْ يُثْبَتُ إِلاَّ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ؟».

99-/5607 — Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub: from ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Hisham ibn Salim and Hafs ibn al-Bukhtari and others, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him) regarding this verse: Allah effaces what He pleases and establishes (what He pleases). He said: “Can anything be effaced except what had been established? And can anything be established except what had not been?”

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:52/214.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:52/214.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:53/214.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:53/214.

_5) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:54/214.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:54/214.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:55/214.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:55/214.

_1) -الكافي 1:2/113.

al-Kafi 1:2/113.