Maryam Ayah 42-50

مريم آيه 50-42

Maryam, verses 42–50

قوله تعالى:

إِذْ قٰالَ لِأَبِيهِ يٰا أَبَتِ لِمَ تَعْبُدُ مٰا لاٰ يَسْمَعُ وَ لاٰ يُبْصِرُ وَ لاٰ يُغْنِي عَنْكَ شَيْئاً -إلى قوله تعالى- وَ جَعَلْنٰا لَهُمْ لِسٰانَ صِدْقٍ عَلِيًّا [42-50]

Translation (M. H. Shakir), Maryam 19:42–50:

- When he said to his father: O my father! why do you worship what neither hears nor sees, nor does it avail you in the least? (19:42)

- O my father! surely there has come to me of the knowledge what has not come to you, therefore follow me, I will guide you on a right path: (19:43)

- O my father! do not serve the Shaitan, surely the Shaitan is disobedient to the Beneficent Allah: (19:44)

- O my father! surely I fear lest a punishment from the Beneficent should afflict you so that you should be a friend of the Shaitan. (19:45)

- He said: Do you dislike my gods, O Ibrahim? If you do not desist I will certainly revile you, and leave me for a time. (19:46)

- He said: Peace be on you, I will pray to my Lord to forgive you; surely He is ever Affectionate to me: (19:47)

- And I will withdraw from you and what you call on besides Allah, and I will call upon my Lord; maybe by calling upon my Lord I shall not be unsuccessful. (19:48)

- So when he withdrew from them and what they worshipped besides Allah, We gave to him Ishaq and Yaqoub, and each one of them We made a prophet. (19:49)

- And We granted to them of Our mercy, and We left (behind them) a truthful mention of eminence for them. (19:50)

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ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الدَّقَّاقُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا حَمْزَةُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ الْعَلَوِيُّ الْعَبَّاسِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْكُوفِيُّ الْفَزَارِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ الزَّيَّاتُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الْأَزْدِيُّ،عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ،عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)-وَ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِيمَا ابْتَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ رَبُّهُ بِكَلِمَاتٍ-فَقَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِيمَا ذَكَرَ: «ثُمَّ الْعُزْلَةُ عَنْ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ وَ الْعَشِيرَةِ مُضَمَّنٌ مَعْنَاهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَ أَعْتَزِلُكُمْ وَ مٰا تَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللّٰهِ الْآيَةَ.

وَ الْأَمْرُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَ النَّهْيُ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ،بَيَانُ ذَلِكَ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: يٰا أَبَتِ لِمَ تَعْبُدُ مٰا لاٰ يَسْمَعُ وَ لاٰ يُبْصِرُ وَ لاٰ يُغْنِي عَنْكَ شَيْئاً* يٰا أَبَتِ إِنِّي قَدْ جٰاءَنِي مِنَ الْعِلْمِ مٰا لَمْ يَأْتِكَ فَاتَّبِعْنِي أَهْدِكَ صِرٰاطاً سَوِيًّا* يٰا أَبَتِ لاٰ تَعْبُدِ الشَّيْطٰانَ إِنَّ الشَّيْطٰانَ كٰانَ لِلرَّحْمٰنِ عَصِيًّا* يٰا أَبَتِ إِنِّي أَخٰافُ أَنْ يَمَسَّكَ عَذٰابٌ مِنَ الرَّحْمٰنِ فَتَكُونَ لِلشَّيْطٰانِ وَلِيًّا .

وَ دَفَعَ السَّيِّئَةَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ،وَ ذَلِكَ لَمَّا قَالَ لَهُ أَبُوهُ: أَ رٰاغِبٌ أَنْتَ عَنْ آلِهَتِي يٰا إِبْرٰاهِيمُ لَئِنْ لَمْ تَنْتَهِ لَأَرْجُمَنَّكَ وَ اهْجُرْنِي مَلِيًّا فَقَالَ فِي جَوَابِ أَبِيهِ سَلاٰمٌ عَلَيْكَ سَأَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكَ رَبِّي إِنَّهُ كٰانَ بِي حَفِيًّا .

ثُمَّ الْحُكْمُ وَ الاِنْتِمَاءُ إِلَى الصَّالِحِينَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: رَبِّ هَبْ لِي حُكْماً وَ أَلْحِقْنِي بِالصّٰالِحِينَ [1]يَعْنِي بِالصَّالِحِينَ الَّذِينَ لاَ يَحْكُمُونَ إِلاَّ بِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،وَ لاَ يَحْكُمُونَ بِالْآرَاءِ وَ الْمَقَايِيسِ حَتَّى يَشْهَدَ لَهُ مَنْ يَكُونُ بَعْدَهُ مِنَ الْحُجَجِ بِالصِّدْقِ،بَيَانُ ذَلِكَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَ اجْعَلْ لِي لِسٰانَ صِدْقٍ فِي الْآخِرِينَ [2]أَرَادَ فِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ الْفَاضِلَةِ، فَأَجَابَهُ اللَّهُ،وَ جَعَلَ لَهُ وَ لِغَيْرِهِ مِنَ أَنْبِيَائِهِ لِسَانَ صِدْقٍ فِي الْآخِرِينَ،وَ هُوَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ جَعَلْنٰا لَهُمْ لِسٰانَ صِدْقٍ عَلِيًّا ».

Translation:

Ibn Bābawayh said: ‘Alī b. Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. ‘Imrān al-Daqqāq narrated to me, who said: Ḥamza b. al-Qāsim al-‘Alawī al-‘Abbāsī narrated to us, who said: Ja‘far b. Muḥammad b. Mālik al-Kūfī al-Fazārī narrated to us, who said: Muḥammad b. al-Ḥusayn b. Zayd al-Zayyāt narrated to us, who said: Muḥammad b. Ziyād al-Azdī, from al-Mufaḍḍal b. ‘Umar, from al-Ṣādiq Ja‘far b. Muḥammad (peace be upon them both)—and he mentioned the hadith about “what his Lord tried Ibrāhīm with by words”—so he (peace be upon him) said in what he related: “Then seclusion from the household and the clan; its meaning is contained in His saying: And I will withdraw from you and what you call on besides Allah (Maryam 19:48).

“And enjoining right and forbidding wrong—this is clarified in His saying, Exalted is He: O my father! why do you worship what neither hears nor sees, nor does it avail you in the least? O my father! surely there has come to me of the knowledge what has not come to you, therefore follow me, I will guide you on a right path. O my father! do not serve the Shaitan, surely the Shaitan is disobedient to the Beneficent Allah. O my father! surely I fear lest a punishment from the Beneficent should afflict you so that you should be a friend of the Shaitan (Maryam 19:42–45; Shakir).

“And repelling evil with good—this was when his father said to him: Do you dislike my gods, O Ibrāhīm? If you do not desist I will certainly revile you, and leave me for a time. So he said in response to his father: Peace be on you, I will pray to my Lord to forgive you; surely He is ever Affectionate to me (Maryam 19:46–47; Shakir).

“Then judgment and affiliation with the righteous in His saying: My Lord! grant me wisdom, and join me with the good (al-Shu‘arā’ 26:83; Shakir), meaning by ‘the good’ those who do not judge except by Allah’s judgment, Mighty and Majestic, and do not judge by opinions and analogies until the proofs after him bear witness for him with truth. This is clarified in His saying: And make for me a truthful tongue among the later (people) (al-Shu‘arā’ 26:84; Shakir). He intended in this the excellent community, so Allah answered him and made for him and for others of His prophets a truthful tongue among the later ones—and that is ‘Alī b. Abī Ṭālib (peace be upon him). And that is His saying, Mighty and Majestic: And We left (behind them) a truthful mention of eminence for them (Maryam 19:50; Shakir).”

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ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا)قَالاَ:حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «كَانَ أَبُو إِبْرَاهِيمَ مُنَجِّماً لِنُمْرُودَ بْنِ كَنْعَانَ،وَ كَانَ نُمْرُودُ لاَ يَصْدُرُ إِلاَّ عَنْ رَأْيِهِ،فَنَظَرَ فِي النُّجُومِ لَيْلَةً مِنَ اللَّيَالِي،فَأَصْبَحَ، فَقَالَ:لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ فِي لَيْلَتِي هَذِهِ عَجَباً،فَقَالَ لَهُ نُمْرُودُ:وَ مَا هُوَ؟

فَقَالَ:رَأَيْتُ مَوْلُوداً يُولَدُ فِي أَرْضِنَا هَذِهِ،فَيَكُونُ هَلاَكُنَا عَلَى يَدَيْهِ،وَ لاَ يَلْبَثُ إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً حَتَّى يُحْمَلَ بِهِ فَعَجِبَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ نُمْرُودُ،وَ قَالَ:هَلْ حَمَلَتْ بِهِ النِّسَاءُ؟فَقَالَ:لاَ،وَ كَانَ فِيمَا أُوتِيَ بِهِ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّهُ سَيُحْرَقُ بِالنَّارِ،وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ أُوتِيَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى سَيُنْجِيهِ-قَالَ-فَحَجَبَ النِّسَاءَ عَنِ الرِّجَالِ،فَلَمْ يَتْرُكْ امْرَأَةً إِلاَّ جُعِلْتُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ،حَتَّى لاَ يَخْلُصَ إِلَيْهِنَّ الرِّجَالُ».

قَالَ:«وَ بَاشَرَ أَبُو إِبْرَاهِيمَ امْرَأَتَهُ فَحَمَلَتْ بِهِ،فَظَنَّ أَنَّهُ صَاحِبُهُ،فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى النِّسَاءِ مِنَ الْقَوَابِلِ لاَ يَكُونُ فِي الْبَطْنِ شَيْءٌ إِلاَّ عَلِمْنَ بِهِ،فَنَظَرْنَ إِلَى أُمِّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،فَأَلْزَمَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ مَا فِي الرَّحِمِ الظَّهْرَ،فَقُلْنَ:مَا نَرَى شَيْئاً فِي بَطْنِهَا.

فَلَمَّا وَضَعَتْ أُمُّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بِهِ،أَرَادَ أَبُوهُ أَنْ يَذْهَبَ بِهِ إِلَى نُمْرُودَ،فَقَالَتْ لَهُ امْرَأَتُهُ:لاَ تَذْهَبْ بِابْنِكَ إِلَى نُمْرُودَ فَيَقْتُلُهُ،دَعْنِي أَذْهَبْ بِهِ إِلَى بَعْضِ الْغِيرَانِ،أَجْعَلْهُ فِيهِ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ عَلَيْهِ أَجَلُهُ،وَ لاَ تَكُونَ أَنْتَ تَقْتُلُ ابْنَكَ،فَقَالَ لَهَا:

فَاذْهَبِي بِهِ فَذَهَبَتْ بِهِ إِلَى غَارٍ،ثُمَّ أَرْضَعَتْهُ،ثُمَّ جَعَلَتْ عَلَى بَابِ الْغَارِ صَخْرَةً،ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَتْ عَنْهُ،فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ رِزْقَهُ فِي إِبْهَامِهِ،فَجَعَلَ يَمَصُّهَا فَيَشْرَبُ لَبَناً،وَ جَعَلَ يَشِبُّ فِي الْيَوْمِ كَمَا يَشِبُّ غَيْرُهُ فِي الْجُمْعَةِ،وَ يَشِبُّ فِي الْجُمْعَةِ كَمَا يَشِبُّ غَيْرُهُ فِي الشَّهْرِ،وَ يَشِبُّ فِي الشَّهْرِ كَمَا يَشِبُّ غَيْرُهُ فِي السَّنَةِ،فَمَكَثَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَمْكُثَ.

ثُمَّ إِنَّ أُمَّهُ قَالَتْ لِأَبِيهِ:لَوْ أَذِنْتَ لِي أَنْ أَذْهَبَ إِلَى ذَلِكَ الصَّبِيِّ فَأَرَاهُ،فَعَلْتُ،قَالَ:فَافْعَلِي.فَأَتَتِ الْغَارَ،فَإِذَا هِيَ بِإِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ إِذَا عَيْنَاهُ تَزْهَرَانِ كَأَنَّهُمَا سِرَاجَانِ،فَأَخَذَتْهُ وَ ضَمَّتْهُ إِلَى صَدْرِهَا،وَ أَرْضَعَتْهُ،ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَتْ عَنْهُ، فَسَأَلَهَا أَبُوهُ عَنِ الصَّبِيِّ،فَقَالَتْ لَهُ:قَدْ وَارَيْتُهُ فِي التُّرَابِ،فَمَكَثَتْ تَعْتَلُّ وَ تَخْرُجُ فِي الْحَاجَةِ وَ تَذْهَبُ إِلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَتَضُمُّهُ إِلَيْهَا،وَ تُرْضِعُهُ ثُمَّ تَنْصَرِفُ.

فَلَمَّا تَحَرَّكَ أَتَتْهُ أُمُّهُ كَمَا كَانَتْ تَأْتِيهِ،وَ صَنَعَتْ كَمَا كَانَتْ تَصْنَعُ،فَلَمَّا أَرَادَتِ الاِنْصِرَافَ أَخَذَ بِثَوْبِهَا،فَقَالَتْ لَهُ:

مَا لَكَ؟فَقَالَ لَهَا:اِذْهَبِي بِي مَعَكِ،فَقَالَتْ لَهُ:حَتَّى أَسْتَأْمِرَ أَبَاكَ،فَلَمْ يَزَلْ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي الْغَيْبَةِ مُخْفِياً لِشَخْصِهِ، كَاتِماً لِأَمْرِهِ حَتَّى ظَهَرَ فَصَدَعَ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ،وَ أَظْهَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى قُدْرَتَهُ فِيهِ،ثُمَّ غَابَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)الْغَيْبَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ، وَ ذَلِكَ حِينَ نَفَاهُ الطَّاغُوتُ عَنِ الْمِصْرِ،فَقَالَ: وَ أَعْتَزِلُكُمْ وَ مٰا تَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللّٰهِ وَ أَدْعُوا رَبِّي عَسىٰ أَلاّٰ أَكُونَ بِدُعٰاءِ رَبِّي شَقِيًّا قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ فَلَمَّا اعْتَزَلَهُمْ وَ مٰا يَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللّٰهِ وَهَبْنٰا لَهُ إِسْحٰاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ وَ كُلاًّ جَعَلْنٰا نَبِيًّا* وَ وَهَبْنٰا لَهُمْ مِنْ رَحْمَتِنٰا وَ جَعَلْنٰا لَهُمْ لِسٰانَ صِدْقٍ عَلِيًّا يَعْنِي بِهِ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،لِأَنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)كَانَ قَدْ دَعَا اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لَهُ لِسَانَ صِدْقٍ فِي الْآخِرِينَ،فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لَهُ وَ لِإِسْحَاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ لِسَانَ صِدْقٍ عَلِيّاً،فَأَخْبَرَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)بِأَنَّ الْقَائِمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)هُوَ الْحَادِيَ عَشَرَ مِنْ وُلْدِهِ،وَ أَنَّهُ الْمَهْدِيُّ الَّذِي يَمْلَأُ الْأَرْضَ قِسْطاً وَ عَدْلاً كَمَا مُلِئَتْ جَوْراً وَ ظُلْماً،وَ أَنَّهُ تَكُونُ لَهُ غَيْبَةٌ وَ حَيْرَةٌ يَضِلُّ فِيهَا أَقْوَامٌ،وَ يَهْتَدِي فِيهَا آخَرُونَ،وَ أَنَّ هَذَا كَائِنٌ كَمَا هُوَ مَخْلُوقٌ».

Translation:

Ibn Bābawayh said: My father and Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated to me, saying: Sa‘d b. ‘Abd Allāh, from Ya‘qūb b. Yazīd, from Muḥammad b. Abī ‘Umayr, from Hishām b. Sālim, from Abū Baṣīr, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), who said: “The father of Ibrāhīm was an astrologer for Namrūd b. Kan‘ān, and Namrūd acted only according to his opinion. One night he looked into the stars, then in the morning he said: ‘I saw something astonishing last night.’ Namrūd said to him: ‘What is it?’ He said: ‘I saw that a child would be born in this land of ours, and our destruction would be at his hands; and it will not be long before he is conceived.’ Namrūd was amazed at that and said: ‘Have the women conceived him?’ He said: ‘No.’ And among what he had been given of knowledge was that he would be burned by fire, but he had not been given that Allah, Exalted, would save him.” He said: “So he secluded the women from the men; he did not leave a woman but that she was confined in the city so that men could not reach them.”

He said: “The father of Ibrāhīm had relations with his wife and she conceived him, so he thought that he was the one. He sent for midwives—there would not be anything in a womb but they would know of it—so they looked at Ibrāhīm’s mother, and Allah, Blessed and Exalted be His remembrance, made what was in the womb adhere to the back, so they said: ‘We see nothing in her belly.’

“When Ibrāhīm’s mother delivered him, his father wanted to take him to Namrūd. His wife said to him: ‘Do not take your son to Namrūd lest he kill him. Let me take him to one of the caves and place him in it until his term overtakes him, and you will not be the one to kill your son.’ He said to her: ‘Then go with him.’ So she took him to a cave, nursed him, placed a rock at the cave’s mouth, and left. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, placed his provision in his thumb; he would suck it and drink milk. He would grow in a day as others grow in a week, and grow in a week as others grow in a month, and grow in a month as others grow in a year, and he remained as long as Allah willed.

“Then his mother said to his father: ‘If you permit me to go to that child and see him, I will do so.’ He said: ‘Do it.’ She went to the cave, and there was Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him), his eyes shining as if they were two lamps. She took him, held him to her chest, and nursed him, then left. His father asked her about the child, and she said: ‘I have concealed him in the earth.’ She continued to feign excuses, going out on some pretext, and she would go to Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him), hold him, nurse him, and then leave.

“When he began to move, his mother came to him as usual and did as she used to do. When she wanted to depart, he grasped her garment. She said to him: ‘What is the matter with you?’ He said to her: ‘Take me with you.’ She said to him: ‘Until I consult your father.’ Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him) remained in concealment, hiding his person and keeping his mission secret, until he appeared and proclaimed the command of Allah, Exalted be His remembrance, and Allah manifested His power through him. Then he entered a second occultation, when the tyrant banished him from the city, and he said: And I will withdraw from you and what you call on besides Allah, and I will call upon my Lord; maybe by calling upon my Lord I shall not be unsuccessful (Maryam 19:48; Shakir). Allah, Glorious is His remembrance, said: So when he withdrew from them and what they worshipped besides Allah, We gave to him Ishaq and Yaqoub, and each one of them We made a prophet. And We granted to them of Our mercy, and We left (behind them) a truthful mention of eminence for them (Maryam 19:49–50; Shakir)—meaning by it ‘Alī b. Abī Ṭālib (peace be upon him), for Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him) had supplicated Allah, Mighty and Majestic, to make for him a truthful tongue among the later ones, so Allah, Blessed and Exalted, made for him, and for Isḥāq and Ya‘qūb, a truthful tongue—‘Alī. And ‘Alī (peace be upon him) informed that the Qā’im (peace be upon him) is the eleventh from his progeny, the Mahdī who will fill the earth with equity and justice as it had been filled with tyranny and injustice, and that he will have an occultation and confusion in which some people will go astray and others will be guided, and that this is to be as surely as creation itself.”

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عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي وَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا)،قَالاَ:حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ،جَمِيعاً،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ،عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ،عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: خَرَجَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ يَسِيرُ فِي الْبِلاَدِ لِيَعْتَبِرَ،فَمَرَّ بِفَلاَةٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ،فَإِذَا هُوَ بِرَجُلٍ قَائِمٍ يُصَلِّي،قَدْ قَطَعَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ صَوْتَهُ،وَ لِبَاسُهُ شَعَرٌ،فَوَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ عَجِبَ مِنْهُ،وَ جَلَسَ يَنْتَظِرُ فَرَاغَهُ،فَلَمَّا طَالَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ حَرَّكَهُ بِيَدِهِ،وَ قَالَ لَهُ:إِنَّ لِي إِلَيْكَ حَاجَةً قَالَ:فَخَفَّفَ الرَّجُلُ،وَ جَلَسَ عِنْدَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ لَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):لِمَنْ تُصَلِّي؟فَقَالَ:لِإِلَهِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ.فَقَالَ لَهُ:وَ مَنْ إِلَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ؟فَقَالَ:

الَّذِي خَلَقَكَ وَ خَلَقَنِي.فَقَالَ لَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ:لَقَدْ أَعْجَبَنِي نَحْوُكَ،وَ أَنَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أُؤَاخِيَكَ فِي اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،فَأَيْنَ مَنْزِلُكَ إِذَا أَرَدْتُ زِيَارَتَكَ وَ لِقَاءَكَ؟فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ:مَنْزِلِي خَلْفَ هَذِهِ النُّطْفَةِ؛وَ أَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى الْبَحْرِ،وَ أَمَّا مُصَلاَّيَ فَهَذَا الْمَوْضِعُ،تُصِيبُنِي فِيهِ إِذَا أَرَدْتَنِي إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى.

ثُمَّ قَالَ الرَّجُلُ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):لَكَ حَاجَةٌ؟فَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):نَعَمْ.قَالَ:وَ مَا هِيَ؟قَالَ لَهُ:تَدْعُو اللَّهَ وَ أُؤَمِّنُ عَلَى دُعَائِكَ،أَوْ أَدْعُو اللَّهَ أَنَا وَ تُؤَمِّنُ عَلَى دُعَائِي.فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ:وَ فِيمَ تَدْعُو اللَّهَ؟فَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):

لِلْمُذْنِبِينَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ:لاَ.فَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):وَ لِمَ؟فَقَالَ:لِأَنِّي دَعَوْتُ اللَّهَ مُنْذُ ثَلاَثِ سِنِينَ بِدَعْوَةٍ لَمْ أَرَ إِجَابَتَهَا إِلَى السَّاعَةِ،وَ أَنَا أَسْتَحِي مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ أَدْعُوَهُ بِدَعْوَةٍ حَتَّى أَعْلَمَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَجَابَنِي.فَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):وَ فِيمَا دَعَوْتَهُ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ:إِنِّي لَفِي مُصَلاَّيَ هَذَا ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ،إِذْ مَرَّ بِي غُلاَمٌ أَرْوَعُ،النُّورُ يَطْلُعُ مِنَ جَبِينِهِ،لَهُ ذُؤَابَةٌ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ،وَ مَعَهُ بَقَرٌ يَسُوقُهَا،كَأَنَّمَا دُهِنَتْ دُهْناً،وَ غَنَمٌ يَسُوقُهَا كَأَنَّمَا دُخِسَتْ دَخْساً-قَالَ-فَأَعْجَبَنِي مَا رَأَيْتُ مِنْهُ، فَقُلْتُ:يَا غُلاَمُ،لِمَنْ هَذَا الْبَقَرُ وَ الْغَنَمُ؟فَقَالَ:لِي،فَقُلْتُ:وَ مَنْ أَنْتَ؟فَقَالَ:أَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،فَدَعَوْتُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ،وَ سَأَلْتُهُ أَنْ يُرِيَنِي خَلِيلَهُ،فَقَالَ لَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):فَأَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ خَلِيلُ الرَّحْمَنِ،وَ ذَلِكَ الْغُلاَمُ ابْنِي.

فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ:اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ الَّذِي أَجَابَ دَعْوَتِي.قَالَ:ثُمَّ قَبَّلَ الرَّجُلُ صَفْحَتَي وَجْهِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ عَانَقَهُ،ثُمَّ قَالَ:اَلْآنَ فَنَعَمْ،فَادْعُ اللَّهَ حَتَّى أُؤَمِّنَ عَلَى دُعَائِكَ،فَدَعَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ مِنَ يَوْمِهِ ذَلِكَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ بِالْمَغْفِرَةِ وَ الرِّضَا عَنْهُمْ-قَالَ-وَ أَمَّنَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى دُعَائِهِ».

Translation:

From him: My father and Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated to us, saying: Sa‘d b. ‘Abd Allāh b. Ja‘far al-Ḥimyarī, both of them, from Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. ‘Īsā, from al-Ḥasan b. Maḥbūb, from Mālik b. ‘Aṭiyya, from Abū Ḥamza al-Thumālī, from Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “One day Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him) went out traveling through the lands to take lesson. He passed across a wilderness and saw a man standing praying, his voice raised to the heaven, wearing hair garments. Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him) stood by him, was amazed at him, and sat waiting for him to finish. When it took long, he touched him with his hand and said to him: ‘I have a need from you.’ The man then shortened (his prayer) and sat with Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him). Ibrāhīm said to him: ‘For whom do you pray?’ He said: ‘For the God of Ibrāhīm.’ He said: ‘And who is the God of Ibrāhīm?’ He said: ‘He who created you and created me.’ Ibrāhīm said to him: ‘Your way pleases me, and I would like to make brotherhood with you for the sake of Allah, Mighty and Majestic. Where is your dwelling, if I wish to visit and meet you?’ The man said to him: ‘My home is beyond this body of water’—and he pointed with his hand to the sea—‘and as for my place of prayer, it is this spot; you will find me here whenever you want me, if Allah, Most High, wills.’

“Then the man said to Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him): ‘Do you have a need?’ Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him) said: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘What is it?’ He said to him: ‘You supplicate Allah and I will say “āmīn” to your supplication, or I will supplicate Allah and you say “āmīn” to my supplication.’ The man said to him: ‘For what do you supplicate Allah?’ Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him) said: ‘For the believing sinners.’ The man said: ‘No.’ Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him) said: ‘Why?’ He said: ‘Because I supplicated Allah three years ago with a supplication, and I have not seen its answer till now, and I am ashamed before Allah, Mighty and Majestic, to supplicate Him with a supplication until I know that He has answered me.’ Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him) said: ‘And for what did you supplicate Him?’ He said to him: ‘I was in this place of prayer one day when there passed by me a most handsome youth, light shining from his forehead, with a forelock behind his head. With him were cattle he was driving, as if they had been anointed with oil, and sheep he was driving as if they were plumply packed. What I saw of him amazed me, so I said: “O youth, to whom belongs this cattle and sheep?” He said: “To me.” I said: “And who are you?” He said: “I am Ismā‘īl son of Ibrāhīm, the Friend of the All-beneficent.” I then supplicated Allah, Mighty and Majestic, and asked Him to show me His Friend.’ Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him) said to him: ‘I am Ibrāhīm, the Friend of the All-beneficent, and that youth is my son.’ The man then said: ‘Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, who answered my supplication.’ He then kissed both cheeks of Ibrāhīm’s face, embraced him, and said: ‘Now indeed, yes—supplicate Allah so I may say “āmīn” to your supplication.’ So Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him) supplicated for the believing men and believing women from that day until the Day of Resurrection for forgiveness and for Allah’s good pleasure upon them, and the man said “āmīn” to his supplication.”

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ،عَنِ ابْنِ الْقَدَّاحِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:«قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): رَحِمَ اللَّهُ عَبْداً طَلَبَ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ حَاجَةً فَأَلَحَّ فِي الدُّعَاءِ،اسْتُجِيبَ لَهُ أَوْ لَمْ يُسْتَجَبْ»وَ تَلاَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ: وَ أَدْعُوا رَبِّي عَسىٰ أَلاّٰ أَكُونَ بِدُعٰاءِ رَبِّي شَقِيًّا .

Translation:

Muḥammad b. Ya‘qūb: from several of our companions, from Sahl b. Ziyād, from Ja‘far b. Muḥammad al-Ash‘arī, from Ibn al-Qaddāḥ, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), who said: “The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his Family) said: ‘May Allah have mercy on a servant who asks Allah, Mighty and Majestic, for a need and persists in supplication—whether he is answered or not.’” Then he recited this verse: And I will call upon my Lord; maybe by calling upon my Lord I shall not be unsuccessful (Maryam 19:48; Shakir).

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى فَلَمَّا اعْتَزَلَهُمْ يَعْنِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ مٰا يَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللّٰهِ وَهَبْنٰا لَهُ إِسْحٰاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ وَ كُلاًّ جَعَلْنٰا نَبِيًّا* وَ وَهَبْنٰا لَهُمْ مِنْ رَحْمَتِنٰا يَعْنِي لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ وَ إِسْحَاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ،مِنْ رَحِمْتَنَا:رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) وَ جَعَلْنٰا لَهُمْ لِسٰانَ صِدْقٍ عَلِيًّا يَعْنِي أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ).

قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:حَدَّثَنِي بِذَلِكَ أَبِي،عَنِ الْإِمَامِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ).

Translation:

‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm: His, Exalted is He, saying: So when he withdrew from them—meaning Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him)—and what they worshipped besides Allah, We gave to him Isḥāq and Ya‘qūb, and each one of them We made a prophet. And We granted to them of Our mercy—and that means for Ibrāhīm, Isḥāq, and Ya‘qūb—from Our mercy: the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his Family). And We left (behind them) a truthful mention of eminence for them—meaning the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) (Maryam 19:49–50; Shakir). ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm said: My father narrated that to me from Imam al-Ḥasan b. ‘Alī al-‘Askarī (peace be upon him).

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ السَّيَّارِيُّ،عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):إِنَّ قَوْماً طَالَبُونِي بِاسْمِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،فَقُلْتُ لَهُمْ:مِنْ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى وَ جَعَلْنٰا لَهُمْ لِسٰانَ صِدْقٍ عَلِيًّا .فَقَالَ:«صَدَقْتَ،هُوَ هَكَذَا».

Translation:

Muḥammad b. al-‘Abbās said: Aḥmad b. al-Qāsim narrated to us, who said: Aḥmad b. Muḥammad al-Sayyārī, from Yūnus b. ‘Abd al-Raḥmān, who said: I said to Abū al-Ḥasan al-Riḍā (peace be upon him): “A group demanded from me the explicit mention of the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) in the Book of Allah, Mighty and Majestic.” I said to them: “From His saying, Exalted is He: And We left (behind them) a truthful mention of eminence for them (Maryam 19:50; Shakir).” He said: “You spoke the truth; it is so.”

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ابْنُ شَهْرَ آشُوبٍ:عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنِ الصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فِي خَبَرٍ: «أَنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)كَانَ قَدْ دَعَا اللَّهَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لَهُ لِسَانَ صِدْقٍ فِي الْآخِرِينَ،فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَهَبْنٰا لَهُ إِسْحٰاقَ وَ يَعْقُوبَ وَ كُلاًّ جَعَلْنٰا نَبِيًّا* وَ وَهَبْنٰا لَهُمْ مِنْ رَحْمَتِنٰا وَ جَعَلْنٰا لَهُمْ لِسٰانَ صِدْقٍ عَلِيًّا يَعْنِي عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».

Translation:

Ibn Shahr Āshūb: from Abū Baṣīr, from al-Ṣādiq (peace be upon him), in a report: “Indeed Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him) had supplicated Allah to make for him a truthful tongue among the later ones, so Allah, Exalted, said: So We gave him Isḥāq and Ya‘qūb, and each one of them We made a prophet. And We granted to them of Our mercy, and We left (behind them) a truthful mention of eminence for them—meaning ‘Alī b. Abī Ṭālib (peace be upon him)” (Maryam 19:49–50; Shakir).

[1] الشعراء 26:83.

al-Shu‘arā’ 26:83.

[2] الشعراء 26:84.

al-Shu‘arā’ 26:84.

_1) -معاني الأخبار:1/126.

Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār: 1/126.

_2) -كمال الدين و تمام النعمة:7/138.

Kamāl al-Dīn wa Tamām al-Ni‘ma: 7/138.

_3) -كمال الدين و تمام النعمة:8/140.

Kamāl al-Dīn wa Tamām al-Ni‘ma: 8/140.

_4) -الكافي 2:6/345.

al-Kāfī 2:6/345.

_5) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:51.

Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:51.

_6) -تأويل الآيات 1:10/304.

Ta’wīl al-Āyāt 1:10/304.

_7) -مناقب ابن شهر آشوب:3:107.

Manāqib Ibn Shahr Āshūb: 3:107.

قوله تعالى:

وَ نٰادَيْنٰاهُ مِنْ جٰانِبِ الطُّورِ الْأَيْمَنِ وَ قَرَّبْنٰاهُ نَجِيًّا [52]

Translation (M. H. Shakir), Maryam 19:52:

- And We called to him from the right side of the mountain, and We made him draw nigh, holding communion (with him). (19:52)

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عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ الْمِنْقَرِيِّ،عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «جَاءَ إِبْلِيسُ(لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ)إِلَى مُوسَى(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ هُوَ يُنَاجِي رَبَّهُ،فَقَالَ لَهُ مَلَكٌ مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ:وَيْلَكَ،مَا تَرْجُو مِنْهُ،وَ هُوَ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْحَالَةِ،يُنَاجِي رَبَّهُ؟فَقَالَ:أَرْجُو مِنْهُ مَا رَجَوْتُ مِنْ أَبِيهِ آدَمَ وَ هُوَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ.

Translation:

‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm said: My father narrated to me, from al-Qāsim b. Muḥammad, from Sulaymān b. Dāwūd al-Minqarī, from Ḥafṣ b. Ghiyāth, from Abū ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him), who said: “Iblīs (may Allah curse him) came to Mūsā (peace be upon him) while he was conversing privately with his Lord. An angel said to him: ‘Woe to you! What do you hope to obtain from him when he is in this state, conversing with his Lord?’ He said: ‘I hope from him what I hoped from his father Ādam while he was in the Garden.’”