An-Nahl Ayah 126

قالَ الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): فَهَذَا الْجِدَالُ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ، لِأَنَّ فِيهَا انْقِطَاعَ عُرَى [1] الْكَافِرِينَ، وَ إِزَالَةَ شُبْهَتِهِمْ؛ وَ أَمَّا الْجِدَالُ بِغَيْرِ الَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ فَأَنْ تَجْحَدَ حَقّاً لاَ يُمْكِنُكَ أَنْ تُفَرِّقَ بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ بَاطِلِ مَنْ تُجَادِلُهُ، وَ إِنَّمَا تَدْفَعُهُ عَنْ بَاطِلِهِ بِأَنْ تَجْحَدَ الْحَقَّ، فَهَذَا هُوَ الْمُحَرَّمُ لِأَنَّكَ مِثْلُهُ، جَحَدَ هُوَ حَقّاً، وَ جَحَدْتَ أَنْتَ حَقّاً آخَرَ».

Translation: Al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: This is disputation in the best manner, because it severs the bonds of the unbelievers and removes their doubts. As for disputation other than in the best manner, it is that you deny a truth while you cannot distinguish it from the falsehood of the one you dispute with, and you only repel his falsehood by denying the truth. This is what is forbidden, because you are like him: he denied a truth, and you denied another truth.

قالَ: «فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ: يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، أَ فَجَادَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)؟ فَقَالَ الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): مَهْمَا ظَنَنْتَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَلاَ تَظُنَّ بِهِ مُخَالَفَةَ اللَّهِ، أَ وَلَيْسَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى قَالَ: وَ جَادِلْهُمْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ، وَ قَالَ: قُلْ يُحْيِيهَا الَّذِي أَنْشَأَهَا أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ [2] لِمَنْ ضَرَبَ اللَّهُ مَثَلاً، أَ فَتَظُنُّ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) خَالَفَ مَا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ، فَلَمْ يُجَادِلْ بِمَا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ بِهِ، وَ لَمْ يُخْبِرْ عَنِ اللَّهِ بِمَا أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُخْبِرَ بِهِ؟!».

Translation: He said: A man stood up to him and said, “O son of the Messenger of Allah, did the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) engage in disputation?” Al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: Whatever you might suppose of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family), do not suppose that he would ever oppose Allah. Did not Allah, the Exalted, say: “And dispute with them in the best manner,” and He said, “Say: He will give life to them Who brought them into existence at first” for the one for whom Allah struck a parable? Do you imagine that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) disobeyed what Allah commanded him, so that he did not dispute as Allah commanded him to do, and did not inform on behalf of Allah of that which He commanded him to inform?!

وَ جَادِلْهُمْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ

Reference: 16:125

M. H. Shakir: Invite to the way of your Lord with wisdom and goodly exhortation, and dispute with them in the best manner.

قُلْ يُحْيِيهَا الَّذِي أَنْشَأَهَا أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ

Reference: 36:79

M. H. Shakir: Say: He will give life to them Who brought them into existence at first, and He is Cognizant of all creation.

قوله تعالى:

وَ إِنْ عَاقَبْتُمْ فَعَاقِبُوا بِمِثْلِ مَا عُوقِبْتُمْ بِهِ وَ لَئِنْ صَبَرْتُمْ لَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لِلصَّابِرِينَ [126]

Reference: 16:126

M. H. Shakir: And if you punish, punish with the like of that with which you were afflicted; but if you are patient, it will certainly be best for the patient.

/6191 _1- علي بن إبراهيم: ذلك أن المشركين يوم أحد مثلوا بأصحاب النبيّ(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله) الذين استشهدوا، منهم حمزة، فقال المسلمون: أما و اللّه لئن أدالنا [3] اللّه عليهم لنمثلن بأخيارهم، فذلك قول اللّه: وَ إِنْ عَاقَبْتُمْ فَعَاقِبُوا بِمِثْلِ مَا عُوقِبْتُمْ بِهِ يقول: بالأموات وَ لَئِنْ صَبَرْتُمْ لَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لِلصَّابِرِينَ.

Translation (/6191 _1-): ‘Ali ibn Ibrāhīm said: This is because the polytheists on the Day of Uhud mutilated the companions of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and his family) who were martyred, among them Hamzah. So the Muslims said, “By Allah, if Allah grants us the upper hand over them, we will surely mutilate their best men.” Thus is the saying of Allah: “And if you punish, punish with the like of that with which you were afflicted”—meaning, [do not go beyond] the dead—“and if you are patient, it will certainly be best for the patient.”

99-/6192 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) يَقُولُ: «لَمَّا رَأَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) مَا صُنِعَ بِحَمْزَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، قَالَ: اَللَّهُمَّ لَكَ الْحَمْدُ، وَ إِلَيْكَ الْمُشْتَكَى، وَ أَنْتَ الْمُسْتَعَانُ عَلَى مَا أَرَى. ثُمَّ قَالَ: لَئِنْ ظَفِرْتُ لَأُمَثِّلَنَّ وَ لَأُمَثِّلَنَّ. قَالَ: فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: وَ إِنْ عَاقَبْتُمْ فَعَاقِبُوا بِمِثْلِ مَا عُوقِبْتُمْ بِهِ وَ لَئِنْ صَبَرْتُمْ لَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لِلصَّابِرِينَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): أَصْبِرُ، أَصْبِرُ».

Translation (99-/6192 _2-): Al-‘Ayyāshī, from al-Husayn ibn Hamzah, said: I heard Abā ‘Abd Allāh (peace be upon him) say: When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) saw what had been done to Hamzah ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib, he said: “O Allah, to You belongs praise; to You is the complaint; and You are the One whose help is sought regarding what I see.” Then he said, “If I prevail, I will surely mutilate, I will surely mutilate.” Then Allah sent down: “And if you punish, punish with the like of that with which you were afflicted; but if you are patient, it will certainly be best for the patient.” So the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) said: “I will be patient, I will be patient.”

_1) - تفسير القمّيّ 1:392.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:392.

_2) - تفسير العيّاشي 2:85/274.

Transliteration: Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:85/274.

[1] في المصدر: قطع عذر.

Transliteration: fī al-maṣdar: qaṭ‘ ‘udhr.

[2] يس 36:79.

Transliteration: Yā-Sīn 36:79.

[3] في المصدر: أولانا.

Transliteration: fī al-maṣdar: awlānā.

المستدرك

(سورة النحل)

قوله تعالى:

وَ اصْبِرْ وَ مَا صَبْرُكَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ [127]

Reference: 16:127

M. H. Shakir: And be patient and your patience is not but by (the help of) Allah, and grieve not for them, and be not distressed because of what they plan.

99- _1- فِي (الْفِقْهِ الْمَنْسُوبِ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)): «أَنَّ رَجُلاً سَأَلَ الْعَالِمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): أَ كَلَّفَ اللَّهُ الْعِبَادَ مَا لاَ يُطِيقُونَ؟ فَقَالَ: كَلَّفَ اللَّهُ جَمِيعَ الْخَلْقِ مَا لاَ يُطِيقُونَهُ، إِنْ لَمْ يُعِنْهُمْ عَلَيْهِ، فَإِنْ أَعَانَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَطَاقُوهُ، قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ لِنَبِيِّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): وَ اصْبِرْ وَ مَا صَبْرُكَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ».

Translation (99- _1-): In al-Fiqh al-mansūb ilā al-Imām al-Riḍā (peace be upon him): A man asked the ‘Ālim (peace be upon him), “Has Allah obligated the servants beyond what they can bear?” He said: Allah has obligated all creation with what they cannot bear if He does not assist them in it; but if He assists them in it, they can bear it. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said to His Prophet (may Allah bless him and his family): “And be patient, and your patience is not but by Allah.”

_1) - الفقه المنسوب إلى الإمام الرضا(عليه السّلام):349.

Transliteration: al-Fiqh al-mansūb ilā al-Imām al-Riḍā (‘alayhi al-salām): 349.