Al-Hijr Ayah 75-76

الحجر آيه 76-75

إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ* وَ إِنَّهٰا لَبِسَبِيلٍ مُقِيمٍ [75-76]

Surely in this are signs for those who examine. And surely it is on a road that still abides. (Qur’an 15:75-76, M. H. Shakir)

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عَنْ صَفْوَانَ الْجَمَّالِ،قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ خَلْفَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَأَطْرَقَ،ثُمَّ قَالَ:«اللَّهُمَّ لاَ تُقَنِّطْنِي مِنْ رَحْمَتِكَ،ثُمَّ جَهَرَ،فَقَالَ: وَ مَنْ يَقْنَطُ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ رَبِّهِ إِلاَّ الضّٰالُّونَ ».

From Safwan al-Jammal, he said: I prayed behind Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him). He lowered his head, then said: O Allah, do not make me despair of Your mercy. Then he raised his voice and said: And who despairs of the mercy of his Lord but the erring ones?

قوله تعالى:

إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ* وَ إِنَّهٰا لَبِسَبِيلٍ مُقِيمٍ [75-76]

Surely in this are signs for those who examine. And surely it is on a road that still abides. (Qur’an 15:75-76, M. H. Shakir)

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَسَنِيِّ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَسْبَاطٍ بَيَّاعِ الزُّطِّيِّ،قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَسَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ* وَ إِنَّهٰا لَبِسَبِيلٍ مُقِيمٍ ،قَالَ:فَقَالَ:«نَحْنُ الْمُتَوَسِّمُونَ،وَ السَّبِيلُ فِينَا مُقِيمٌ».

Muhammad b. Ya‘qub: from Ahmad b. Mihran, from ‘Abd al-‘Azim b. ‘Abdillah al-Hasani, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from Asbat the seller of Zutt goods, who said: I was with Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) when a man asked him about the word of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: Surely in this are signs for those who examine; and surely it is on a road that still abides. He said: We are the ones who examine (al-mutawassimun), and the path abides in us.

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وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ،عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَسْبَاطُ بْنُ سَالِمٍ،قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ هِيتَ،فَقَالَ لَهُ:أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ،مَا تَقُولُ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ* وَ إِنَّهٰا لَبِسَبِيلٍ مُقِيمٍ ،قَالَ:«نَحْنُ الْمُتَوَسِّمُونَ،وَ السَّبِيلُ فِينَا مُقِيمٌ».

And from him: from Muhammad b. Yahya, from Salamah b. al-Khattab, from Yahya b. Ibrahim, who said: Asbat b. Salim told me: I was with Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) when a man from the people of Hit entered upon him and said: May Allah set you aright, what do you say about the word of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: Surely in this are signs for those who examine; and surely it is on a road that still abides. He said: We are the ones who examine, and the path abides in us.

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وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ،عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ،عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ .

قَالَ:«هُمُ الْأَئِمَّةُ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):اِتَّقُوا فِرَاسَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِ،فَإِنَّهُ يَنْظُرُ بِنُورِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ ».

And from him: from Muhammad b. Isma‘il, from al-Fadl b. Shadhan, from Hammad b. ‘Isa, from Rib‘i b. ‘Abdillah, from Muhammad b. Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) regarding the word of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: Surely in this are signs for those who examine. He said: They are the Imams (peace be upon them). The Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family) said: Beware of the insight of the believer, for he looks by the light of Allah, Mighty and Majestic—concerning the word of Allah, Exalted: Surely in this are signs for those who examine.

وَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ فِي(بَصَائِرِ الدَّرَجَاتِ):عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ،عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ رِبْعِيٍّ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مِثْلَهُ [1].

And Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-Saffar narrated in (بصائر الدرجات) Basa’ir al-Darajat: from al-‘Abbas b. Ma‘ruf, from Hammad b. ‘Isa, from Rib‘i, from Muhammad b. Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), the like of it. [1]

وَ رَوَاهُ أَيْضاً الْمُفِيدُ فِي(الْإِخْتِصَاصِ) [2]بِالسَّنَدِ وَ الْمَتْنِ.

And al-Mufid also narrated it in (الإختصاص) al-Ikhtisas with the same chain and text. [2]

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وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِدْرِيسَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْكُوفِيِّ،عَنْ عُبَيْسِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْإِمَامِ،فَوَّضَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ كَمَا فَوَّضَ إِلَى سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ؟فَقَالَ:«نَعَمْ،وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ رَجُلاً سَأَلَهُ عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ،فَأَجَابَهُ فِيهَا،وَ سَأَلَهُ آخَرُ عَنْ تِلْكَ الْمَسْأَلَةِ،فَأَجَابَهُ بِغَيْرِ جَوَابِ الْأَوَّلِ،ثُمَّ سَأَلَهُ آخَرُ عَنْهَا،فَأَجَابَهُ بِغَيْرِ جَوَابِ الْأَوَّلَيْنِ،ثُمَّ قَالَ:(هَذَا عَطَاؤُنَا فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَعْطِ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ) وَ هَكَذَا[هِيَ]فِي قِرَاءَةِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».

قَالَ:قُلْتُ:أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ،فَحِينَ أَجَابَهُمْ بِهَذَا الْجَوَابِ،يَعْرِفُهُمُ الْإِمَامُ؟قَالَ:«سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ،أَ لَمْ تَسْمَعِ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ ؟وَ هُمُ الْأَئِمَّةُ،وَ إِنَّهَا لَبِسَبِيلٍ مُقِيمٍ لاَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا أَبَداً-ثُمَّ قَالَ-نَعَمْ،إِنَّ الْإِمَامَ إِذَا أَبْصَرَ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ عَرَفَهُ وَ عَرَفَ لَوْنَهُ،وَ إِنْ سَمِعَ كَلاَمَهُ مِنْ خَلْفِ حَائِطٍ عَرَفَهُ وَ عَرَفَ مَا هُوَ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: وَ مِنْ آيٰاتِهِ خَلْقُ السَّمٰاوٰاتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ اخْتِلاٰفُ أَلْسِنَتِكُمْ وَ أَلْوٰانِكُمْ إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْعٰالِمِينَ وَ هُمُ الْعُلَمَاءُ،فَلَيْسَ يَسْمَعُ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْأَمْرِ يَنْطِقُ بِهِ إِلاَّ عَرَفَهُ،نَاجٍ أَوْ هَالِكٌ،فَلِذَلِكَ يُجِيبُهُمْ بِالَّذِي يُجِيبُهُمْ».

And from him: from Ahmad b. Idris and Muhammad b. Yahya, from al-Hasan b. ‘Ali al-Kufi, from ‘Ubayys b. Hisham, from ‘Abdullah b. Sulayman, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him). He said: I asked him about the Imam—has Allah delegated to him as He delegated to Sulayman b. Dawud? He said: Yes, and that is because a man asked him about a question and he answered him therein; then another asked him about that same question and he answered him differently than the first; then another asked him about it and he answered differently than the first two; then he said: This is Our bounty, therefore confer or withhold without reckoning—and thus it is in the recitation of ‘Ali (peace be upon him). I said: May Allah set you aright, when he answered them in this way, does the Imam recognize them? He said: Glory be to Allah! Have you not heard Allah say: Surely in this are signs for those who examine? They are the Imams. And surely it is on a road that still abides—it never departs from them. Then he said: Yes, when the Imam looks at a man, he recognizes him and recognizes his color; and if he hears his speech from behind a wall, he recognizes him and recognizes what he is. Surely Allah, Exalted, says: And of His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth and the variation in your languages and your colors; surely in this are signs for the learned. And they are the learned; he does not hear anything spoken but that he recognizes it—one saved or one doomed—therefore he answers them as he answers them.

هَذَا عَطَاؤُنَا فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَعْطِ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ

This is Our free gift, so give or withhold without reckoning. (Qur’an 38:39; note: in the muṣḥaf: هٰذٰا عَطٰاؤُنٰا فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسٰابٍ — This is Our free gift, therefore give freely or withhold, without reckoning. — M. H. Shakir)

وَ مِنْ آيٰاتِهِ خَلْقُ السَّمٰاوٰاتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ اخْتِلاٰفُ أَلْسِنَتِكُمْ وَ أَلْوٰانِكُمْ إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْعٰالِمِينَ

And of His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth and the diversity of your languages and colors; most surely there are signs in this for the learned. (Qur’an 30:22, M. H. Shakir)

وَ رَوَى الصَّفَّارُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ فِي(بَصَائِرِ الدَّرَجَاتِ):بِالْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي عِدَّةِ مَوَاضِعَ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ [3].

And al-Saffar narrated this hadith in (بصائر الدرجات) Basa’ir al-Darajat with the chain from ‘Abdullah b. Sulayman, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) in several places in the book. [3]

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مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الصَّفَّارُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي سِنْدِيُّ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ رِئَابٍ،عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «لَيْسَ مَخْلُوقٌ إِلاَّ وَ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ مَكْتُوبٌ:مُؤْمِنٌ أَوْ كَافِرٌ؛وَ ذَلِكَ مَحْجُوبٌ عَنْكُمْ،وَ لَيْسَ بِمَحْجُوبٍ عَنِ الْأَئِمَّةِ مِنْ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ)،ثُمَّ لَيْسَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَحَدٌ إِلاَّ عَرَفُوهُ مُؤْمِنٌ هُوَ أَوْ كَافِرٌ»ثُمَّ تَلاَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ «فَهُمُ الْمُتَوَسِّمُونَ».

Muhammad b. al-Hasan al-Saffar said: Sindī b. al-Rabi‘ narrated to me, from al-Hasan b. ‘Ali b. Faddal, from ‘Ali b. Ri’ab, from Abu Bakr al-Hadrami, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: There is no creature but that it is written between his eyes: “Believer” or “Disbeliever.” That is veiled from you, but it is not veiled from the Imams of the family of Muhammad (blessings of Allah be upon them all). Then no one enters upon them but that they know whether he is a believer or a disbeliever. Then he recited this verse: Surely in this are signs for those who examine. They are the ones who examine.

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عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،وَ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْبَرَاءِ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ،قَالَ: حَجَجْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَلَمَّا صِرْنَا فِي بَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ صَعِدَ عَلَى جَبَلٍ،فَأَشْرَفَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى النَّاسِ،فَقَالَ:«مَا أَكْثَرَ الضَّجِيجَ وَ أَقَلَّ الْحَجِيجَ!».فَقَالَ لَهُ دَاوُدُ الرَّقِّيُّ:يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،هَلْ يَسْتَجِيبُ اللَّهُ دُعَاءَ هَذَا الْجَمْعِ الَّذِي أَرَى؟قَالَ:«وَيْحَكَ-يَا أَبَا سُلَيْمَانَ-إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَغْفِرُ أَنْ يُشْرَكَ بِهِ،إِنَّ الْجَاحِدَ لِوَلاَيَةِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)كَعَابِدِ وَثَنٍ».

قُلْتُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،هَلْ تَعْرِفُونَ مُحِبِّيكُمْ وَ مُبْغِضِيكُمْ؟قَالَ:«وَيْحَكَ-يَا أَبَا سُلَيْمَانَ-إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ عَبْدٍ يُولَدُ إِلاَّ كُتِبَ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ:مُؤْمِنٌ أَوْ كَافِرٌ؛[وَ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَدْخُلُ إِلَيْنَا بِوَلاَيَتِنَا وَ بِالْبَرَاءَةِ مِنْ أَعْدَائِنَا،فَنَرَى مَكْتُوباً بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ:

مُؤْمِنٌ أَوْ كَافِرٌ؛قَالَ اللَّهُ]عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ نَعْرِفُ عَدُوَّنَا مِنْ وَلِيِّنَا».

From Ahmad b. al-Husayn, from Ahmad b. Ibrahim and al-Hasan b. al-Bara’, from ‘Ali b. Hassan, from ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Kathir, who said: I performed hajj with Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him). When we were on part of the road, he ascended a mountain and looked out at the people and said: How much the noise and how few the pilgrims! Dawud al-Raqqi said to him: O son of the Messenger of Allah, does Allah answer the supplication of this multitude I see? He said: Woe to you, O Abu Sulayman! Surely Allah does not forgive that partners be ascribed to Him. The one who denies the guardianship of ‘Ali (peace be upon him) is like an idol worshiper. I said: May I be your ransom, do you know your lovers and your haters? He said: Woe to you, O Abu Sulayman! There is no servant born but that it is written between his eyes: “Believer” or “Disbeliever.” [And indeed a man enters to us professing our guardianship and disavowal of our enemies, and we see written between his eyes: “Believer” or “Disbeliever.” Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said:] Surely in this are signs for those who examine. We recognize our enemy from our friend.

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ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا تَمِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ تَمِيمٍ الْقُرَشِيُّ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْجَهْمِ،قَالَ:حَضَرْتُ مَجْلِسَ الْمَأْمُونِ يَوْماً وَ عِنْدَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُوسَى الرِّضَا(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ قَدِ اجْتَمَعَ الْفُقَهَاءُ،وَ أَهْلُ الْكَلاَمِ مِنَ الْفِرَقِ الْمُخْتَلِفَةِ،فَسَأَلَهُ بَعْضُهُمْ،فَقَالَ لَهُ:يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،بِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ تَصِحُّ الْإِمَامَةُ لِمُدَّعِيهَا؟قَالَ:«بِالنَّصِّ وَ الدَّلِيلِ».

قَالَ لَهُ:فَدِلاَلَةُ الْإِمَامِ فِيمَا هِيَ؟قَالَ:«فِي الْعِلْمِ،وَ اسْتِجَابَةِ الدَّعْوَةِ».

قَالَ:فَمَا وَجْهُ إِخْبَارِكُمْ بِمَا يَكُونُ؟قَالَ:«ذَلِكَ بِعَهْدٍ مَعْهُودٍ إِلَيْنَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)».

قَالَ:فَمَا وَجْهُ إِخْبَارِكُمْ بِمَا فِي قُلُوبِ النَّاسِ؟قَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لَهُ:«أَ مَا بَلَغَكَ قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):اِتَّقُوا فِرَاسَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَإِنَّهُ يَنْظُرُ بِنُورِ اللَّهِ؟».قَالَ:بَلَى.قَالَ:«فَمَا مِنْ مُؤْمِنٍ إِلاَّ وَ لَهُ فِرَاسَةٌ،يَنْظُرُ بِنُورِ اللَّهِ عَلَى قَدْرِ إِيمَانِهِ، وَ مَبْلَغِ اسْتِبْصَارِهِ وَ عِلْمِهِ،وَ قَدْ جَمَعَ اللَّهُ لِلْأَئِمَّةِ مِنَّا مَا فَرَّقَهُ فِي جَمِيعِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،وَ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي كِتَابِهِ الْعَزِيزِ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ فَأَوَّلُ الْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،ثُمَّ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)مِنْ بَعْدِهِ،ثُمَّ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ وَ الْأَئِمَّةُ مِنْ وُلْدِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ».

Ibn Babawayh said: Tamim b. ‘Abdullah b. Tamim al-Qurashi (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us, who said: My father narrated to us, who said: Ahmad b. ‘Ali al-Ansari narrated to me, from al-Hasan b. al-Jahm, who said: I attended the assembly of al-Ma’mun one day, and with him was ‘Ali b. Musa al-Rida (peace be upon him). Jurists and theologians from various sects had gathered. Some of them asked him: O son of the Messenger of Allah, by what does the Imamate become valid for one who claims it? He said: By explicit designation and by proof. He said to him: And wherein lies the indication of the Imam? He said: In knowledge, and the answering of supplication. He said: What is the basis of your informing about what will be? He said: That is by a covenant entrusted to us from the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family). He said: What is the basis of your informing about what is in people’s hearts? He (peace be upon him) said to him: Has not the saying of the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family) reached you: Beware of the insight of the believer, for he looks by the light of Allah? He said: Yes. He said: Thus every believer has insight by which he looks with the light of Allah, according to the measure of his faith, the extent of his discernment and his knowledge. And Allah has gathered for the Imams from us what He dispersed among all believers. And Allah, Exalted, said in His Mighty Book: Surely in this are signs for those who examine. The first of those who examine is the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family), then the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) after him, then al-Hasan and al-Husayn and the Imams from the progeny of al-Husayn (peace be upon them) until the Day of Resurrection.

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وَ عَنْهُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْمُكَتِّبُ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْوَرَّاقُ،قَالَ:

حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ قِيلَوَيْهِ الْمُعَدِّلُ بِالرَّافِقَةِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْجَبَّارِ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ التَّمِيمِيُّ الْيَمَانِيُّ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ حَرْبٍ الْهِلاَلِيَّ-أَمِيرَ الْمَدِينَةِ-يَقُولُ: سَأَلْتُ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَقُلْتُ:لَهُ:يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،فِي نَفْسِي مَسْأَلَةٌ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَكَ عَنْهَا.فَقَالَ:«إِنْ شِئْتَ أَخْبَرْتُكَ بِمَسْأَلَتِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَسْأَلَنِي،وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَسَلْ».

قَالَ:قُلْتُ لَهُ:يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،وَ بِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ تَعْرِفُ مَا فِي نَفْسِي قَبْلَ سُؤَالِي؟فَقَالَ:«بِالتَّوَسُمِ وَ التَّفَرُّسِ،أَ مَا سَمِعْتَ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ ،وَ قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):اِتَّقُوا فِرَاسَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَإِنَّهُ يَنْظُرُ بِنُورِ اللَّهِ؟!».

قَالَ:فَقُلْتُ لَهُ:يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،فَأَخْبِرْنِي بِمَسْأَلَتِي.قَالَ:«أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَسْأَلَنِي عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)لِمَ لَمْ يُطِقْ حَمْلَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عِنْدَ حَطِّ الْأَصْنَامِ عَنْ سَطْحِ الْكَعْبَةِ؟»وَ سَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ:هَذَا وَ اللَّهِ مَا أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَكَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ.وَ الْحَدِيثُ طَوِيلٌ.

And from him, he said: Abu ‘Ali Ahmad b. Yahya al-Mukattib narrated to us; he said: Ahmad b. Muhammad al-Warraq narrated to us; he said: Bishr b. Sa‘id b. Qilawayh, the official in al-Rafiqah, narrated to us; he said: ‘Abd al-Jabbar b. Kathir al-Tamimi al-Yamani narrated to us; he said: I heard Muhammad b. Harb al-Hilali—the governor of al-Madinah—say: I asked Ja‘far b. Muhammad (peace be upon him), and said to him: O son of the Messenger of Allah, there is a question in my mind that I want to ask you about. He said: If you wish, I will tell you your question before you ask me; and if you wish, then ask. I said to him: O son of the Messenger of Allah, by what do you know what is in myself before my asking? He said: By discerning and insight. Have you not heard the word of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: Surely in this are signs for those who examine; and the saying of the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family): Beware of the insight of the believer, for he looks by the light of Allah?! He said: So I said to him: O son of the Messenger of Allah, then inform me of my question. He said: You wanted to ask me about the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family): why was ‘Ali b. Abi Talib (peace be upon him) unable to bear him when removing the idols from the roof of the Ka‘bah? He continued with the narration until I said: By Allah, this is what I wanted to ask you, O son of the Messenger of Allah. And the narration is long.

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ابْنُ الْفَارِسِيِّ فِي(رَوْضَةِ الْوَاعِظِينَ):قَالَ الصَّادِقُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «إِذَا قَامَ قَائِمُ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ) حَكَمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِحُكْمِ دَاوُدَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،لاَ يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى بَيِّنَةٍ،يُلْهِمُهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَيَحْكُمُ بِعِلْمِهِ،وَ يُخْبِرُ كُلَّ قَوْمٍ بِمَا اسْتَبْطَنُوهُ،وَ يَعْرِفُ وَلِيَّهُ مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ بِالتَّوَسُّمِ،قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ* وَ إِنَّهٰا لَبِسَبِيلٍ مُقِيمٍ ».

Ibn al-Farisi in (روضة الواعظين) Rawdat al-Wa‘izin: al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said: When the Qa’im of the family of Muhammad (peace be upon them) rises, he will judge among the people by the judgment of Dawud (peace be upon him), not needing evidence; Allah, Exalted, will inspire him, so he will judge by his knowledge; he will inform every people of what they have concealed and will know his friend from his enemy by discerning. Allah, Exalted, said: Surely in this are signs for those who examine; and surely it is on a road that still abides.

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الشَّيْخُ،فِي(أَمَالِيهِ):عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْفَحَّامِ،بِإِسْنَادِهِ،قَالَ:قَالَ الْبَاقِرُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «اتَّقُوا فِرَاسَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَإِنَّهُ يَنْظُرُ بِنُورِ اللَّهِ»ثُمَّ تَلاَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ .

The Shaykh, in (أماليه) al-Amali: from Abu Muhammad al-Fahham, with his chain, he said: al-Baqir (peace be upon him) said: Beware of the insight of the believer, for he looks by the light of Allah. Then he recited this verse: Surely in this are signs for those who examine.

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الشَّيْخُ الْمُفِيدُ فِي كِتَابِ(الْإِخْتِصَاصِ):عَنِ السِّنْدِيِّ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ الْبَغْدَادِيِّ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ غُرَابٍ،عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ:سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: «مَا مِنْ مَخْلُوقٍ إِلاَّ وَ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ مَكْتُوبٌ:مُؤْمِنٌ أَوْ كَافِرٌ،وَ ذَلِكَ مَحْجُوبٌ عَنْكُمْ وَ لَيْسَ بِمَحْجُوبٍ عَنِ الْأَئِمَّةِ مِنْ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ)،ثُمَّ لَيْسَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَحَدٌ إِلاَّ عَرَفُوهُ،مُؤْمِناً أَوْ كَافِراً»ثُمَّ تَلاَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ «فَهُمُ الْمُتَوَسِّمُونَ».

Shaykh al-Mufid in his book (الإختصاص) al-Ikhtisas: from al-Sindi b. al-Rabi‘ al-Baghdadi, from al-Hasan b. ‘Ali b. Faddal, from ‘Ali b. Ghurab, from Abu Bakr b. Muhammad al-Hadrami, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: I heard him say: There is no creature but that it is written between his eyes: “Believer” or “Disbeliever.” That is veiled from you but not veiled from the Imams of the family of Muhammad (blessings of Allah upon them). Then none enters upon them but that they know him as a believer or a disbeliever. Then he recited this verse: Surely in this are signs for those who examine. They are the ones who examine.

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وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ وَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ،عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ الْخَزَّازِ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ،عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ،عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: «بَيْنَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي مَسْجِدِ الْكُوفَةِ إِذْ جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مُسْتَعْدِيَةٌ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا فَقَضَى لِزَوْجِهَا عَلَيْهَا فَغَضِبَتْ،وَ قَالَتْ:

لاَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا الْحَقُّ فِيمَا قَضَيْتَ،وَ مَا تَقْضِي بِالسَّوِيَّةِ،وَ لاَ تَعْدِلُ فِي الرَّعِيَّةِ،وَ لاَ قَضِيَّتُكَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ بِالْمَرْضِيَّةِ-قَالَ-«فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا مَلِيّاً،ثُمَّ قَالَ:كَذَبْتِ يَا جَرِيَّةُ،يَا بَذِيَّةُ،يَا سَلْفَعُ،يَا سَلَقْلَقِيَّةُ،يَا الَّتِي لاَ تَحْمِلُ مِنْ حَيْثُ تَحْمِلُ النِّسَاءُ».

قَالَ:«فَوَلَّتِ الْمَرْأَةُ هَارِبَةً مُوَلْوِلَةً وَ تَقُولُ:وَيْلِي وَيْلِي وَيْلِي،لَقَدْ هَتَكْتَ-يَا ابْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ-سِتْراً كَانَ مَسْتُوراً- قَالَ-فَلَحِقَهَا عَمْرُو بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ،فَقَالَ:يَا أَمَةَ اللَّهِ،لَقَدِ اسْتَقْبَلْتِ عَلِيّاً بِكَلاَمٍ سَرَرْتِنِي بِهِ،ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ نَزَعَ لَكِ بِكَلاَمٍ فَوَلَّيْتِ عَنْهُ هَارِبَةً تُوَلْوِلِينَ؟فَقَالَتْ:إِنَّ عَلِيّاً-وَ اللَّهِ-أَخْبَرَنِي بِالْحَقِّ وَ بِمَا أَكْتُمُهُ مِنْ زَوْجِي مُنْذُ وَلِيَ عِصْمَتِي وَ مِنْ أَبَوَيَّ.فَعَادَ عَمْرٌو إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِمَا قَالَتْ لَهُ الْمَرْأَةُ،وَ قَالَ لَهُ فِيمَا يَقُولُ:مَا أَعْرِفُكَ بِالْكِهَانَةِ!فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):وَيْلَكَ،إِنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ بِالْكِهَانَةِ مِنِّي،وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ الْأَرْوَاحَ قَبْلَ الْأَبْدَانِ بِأَلْفَيْ عَامٍ،فَلَمَّا رَكَّبَ الْأَرْوَاحَ فِي أَبْدَانِهَا كَتَبَ بَيْنَ أَعْيُنِهِمْ:كَافِرٌ وَ مُؤْمِنٌ؛وَ مَا هُوَ مُبْتَلَوْنَ بِهِ،وَ مَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ سَيِّءِ عَمَلِهِمْ وَ حَسَنِهِ فِي قَدْرِ أُذُنِ الْفَأْرَةِ،ثُمَّ أَنْزَلَ بِذَلِكَ قُرْآناً عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فَقَالَ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)الْمُتَوَسِّمَ،ثُمَّ أَنَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ،وَ الْأَئِمَّةُ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِي هُمُ الْمُتَوَسِّمُونَ،فَلَمَّا تَأَمَّلْتُهَا عَرَفْتُ مَا فِيهَا وَ مَا هِيَ عَلَيْهِ بِسِيمَاهَا».

And from him: from Muhammad b. al-Husayn b. Abi al-Khattab and Ibrahim b. Hashim, from ‘Amr b. ‘Uthman al-Khazzaz, from Ibrahim b. Ayyub, from ‘Amr b. Shimr, from Jabir b. Yazid, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: While the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) was in the Mosque of Kufa, a woman came seeking justice against her husband. He judged for her husband against her, so she became angry and said: No, by Allah, the right is not in what you have judged; you do not judge fairly, nor are you just among the subjects, and your judgment is not pleasing to Allah. He said: He looked at her for a long while, then said: You lie, O shameless one, O foul-mouthed, O bold-tongued, O woman who menstruates from where women do not menstruate. He said: The woman turned away fleeing, wailing: Woe to me, woe to me, woe to me! You have torn, O son of Abu Talib, a veil that had been concealed. ‘Amr b. Huraith caught up with her and said: O maidservant of Allah, you addressed ‘Ali with words that delighted me, then he retorted to you with a word and you fled wailing? She said: By Allah, ‘Ali informed me of the truth and of what I have concealed from my husband since he had my bond, and from my parents. ‘Amr returned to the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) and informed him of what the woman had said to him, and said in what he said: I do not know you as a soothsayer! ‘Ali (peace be upon him) said to him: Woe to you, it is not soothsaying from me; rather Allah created the spirits two thousand years before the bodies. When He joined the spirits to their bodies, He wrote between their eyes: “Disbeliever” and “Believer,” and what they are tried with, and what they are upon of their evil and good deeds, to the measure of a mouse’s ear. Then He sent down concerning that a Qur’an upon His Prophet (Allah bless him and his family), and said: Surely in this are signs for those who examine. The Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family) was the one who examines, then I after him, and the Imams from my progeny are those who examine. So when I contemplated her, I knew what was in her and what she was upon by her mark.

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الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُوسَى الْخَشَّابُ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ؛وَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْبَرَاءِ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ،قَالَ: حَجَجْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَأَنَا مَعَهُ فِي بَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ إِذْ صَعِدَ عَلَى جَبَلٍ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى النَّاسِ،فَقَالَ:«مَا أَكْثَرَ الضَّجِيجَ،وَ أَقَلَّ الْحَجِيجَ!»فَقَالَ لَهُ دَاوُدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ الرَّقِّيُّ:يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،هَلْ يَسْتَجِيبُ اللَّهُ دُعَاءَ الْجَمْعِ الَّذِي أَرَى؟فَقَالَ:«وَيْحَكَ-يَا أَبَا سُلَيْمَانَ-إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَغْفِرُ أَنْ يُشْرَكَ بِهِ،إِنَّ الْجَاحِدَ لِوَلاَيَةِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)كَعَابِدِ وَثَنٍ».

فَقُلْتُ لَهُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ هَلْ تَعْرِفُونَ مُحِبِّيكُمْ مِنْ مُبْغِضِيكُمْ؟فَقَالَ:«وَيْحَكَ-يَا أَبَا سُلَيْمَانَ-إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ عَبْدٍ يُولَدُ إِلاَّ كُتِبَ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ:مُؤْمِنٌ أَوْ كَافِرٌ؛وَ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَدْخُلُ إِلَيْنَا يَتَوَلاَّنَا وَ يَتَبَرَّأُ مِنْ عَدُوِّنَا فَنَرَى مَكْتُوباً بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ:

مُؤْمِنٌ،قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ فَنَحْنُ نَعْرِفُ عَدُوَّنَا مِنْ وَلِيِّنَا».

Al-Hasan b. Musa al-Khashshab, from ‘Ali b. Hassan; and Ahmad b. al-Husayn, from Ahmad b. Ibrahim and al-Hasan b. al-Bara’, from ‘Ali b. Hassan, from ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Kathir, who said: I performed hajj with Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him). While I was with him on part of the road, he ascended a mountain and looked at the people and said: How much the noise and how few the pilgrims! Dawud b. Kathir al-Raqqi said to him: O son of the Messenger of Allah, does Allah answer the supplication of the multitude I see? He said: Woe to you, O Abu Sulayman! Indeed Allah does not forgive that partners be ascribed to Him. The one who denies the guardianship of ‘Ali (peace be upon him) is like an idol worshiper. I said to him: May I be your ransom, do you know your lovers from your haters? He said: Woe to you, O Abu Sulayman! There is no servant born but that it is written between his eyes: “Believer” or “Believer.” And indeed a man may enter to us professing loyalty to us and disavowal of our enemy, and we see written between his eyes: “Believer.” Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: Surely in this are signs for those who examine. So we recognize our enemy from our friend.

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يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ أَسْبَاطِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ بَيَّاعِ الزُّطِّيِّ،قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَسَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ هِيتَ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ* وَ إِنَّهٰا لَبِسَبِيلٍ مُقِيمٍ .

فَقَالَ:«نَحْنُ الْمُتَوَسِّمُونَ،وَ السَّبِيلُ فِينَا مُقِيمٌ».

Ya‘qub b. Yazid, from Muhammad b. Abi ‘Umayr, from Asbat b. Salim the seller of Zutt goods, who said: I was with Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) when a man from the people of Hit asked him about the word of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: Surely in this are signs for those who examine; and surely it is on a road that still abides. He said: We are the ones who examine, and the path abides in us.

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الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ،عَنْ عُبَيْسِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْإِمَامِ،أَ فَوَّضَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ كَمَا فَوَّضَ إِلَى سُلَيْمَانَ؟فَقَالَ:«نَعَمْ،وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ رَجُلاً سَأَلَهُ عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَأَجَابَهُ فِيهَا وَ سَأَلَهُ آخَرُ عَنْ تِلْكَ الْمَسْأَلَةِ فَأَجَابَهُ بِغَيْرِ جَوَابِ الْأَوَّلِ،ثُمَّ سَأَلَهُ آخَرُ عَنْهَا فَأَجَابَهُ بِغَيْرِ جَوَابِ الْأَوَّلَيْنِ،ثُمَّ قَالَ:«هَذَا عَطَاؤُنَا فَأَمْسِكْ أَوْ أَعْطِ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ»،وَ هَكَذَا هِيَ فِي قِرَاءَةِ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».

قُلْتُ:أَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ،حِينَ أَجَابَهُمْ بِهَذَا الْجَوَابِ يَعْرِفُهُمُ الْإِمَامُ؟فَقَالَ:«سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ،أَ مَا تَسْمَعُ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ وَ هُمُ الْأَئِمَّةُ وَ إِنَّهٰا لَبِسَبِيلٍ مُقِيمٍ لاَ تَخْرُجْ مِنْهُمْ أَبَداً-ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي- نَعَمْ،إِنَّ الْإِمَامَ إِذَا نَظَرَ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ عَرَفَهُ وَ عَرَفَ مَا هُوَ عَلَيْهِ وَ عَرَفَ لَوْنَهُ،وَ إِنْ سَمِعَ كَلاَمَهُ مِنْ وَرَاءِ حَائِطٍ عَرَفَهُ وَ عَرَفَ مَا هُوَ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ: وَ مِنْ آيٰاتِهِ خَلْقُ السَّمٰاوٰاتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ اخْتِلاٰفُ أَلْسِنَتِكُمْ وَ أَلْوٰانِكُمْ إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْعٰالِمِينَ فَهُمُ الْعُلَمَاءُ،وَ لَيْسَ يَسْمَعُ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْأَلْسُنِ تَنْطِقُ إِلاَّ عَرَفَهُ؛نَاجٍ أَوْ هَالِكٌ،فَلِذَلِكَ يُجِيبُهُمْ بِالَّذِي يُجِيبُهُمْ بِهِ».

Al-Hasan b. ‘Ali b. al-Mughira, from ‘Ubayys b. Hisham, from ‘Abd al-Samad b. Bashir, from ‘Abdullah b. Sulayman, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: I asked him about the Imam—has Allah delegated to him as He delegated to Sulayman? He said: Yes—and that is because a man asked him about a question and he answered him; then another asked him about that same question and he answered him differently than the first; then another asked him about it and he answered differently than the first two; then he said: This is Our bounty, so withhold or give without reckoning—and thus it is in the recitation of ‘Ali (peace be upon him). I said: May Allah set you aright, when he answered them thus, does the Imam know them? He said: Glory be to Allah! Do you not hear Allah say in His Book: Surely in this are signs for those who examine—and they are the Imams—and surely it is on a road that still abides—it never leaves them. Then he said to me: Yes, when the Imam looks at a man, he knows him and knows what he is upon and knows his color; and if he hears his speech from behind a wall, he knows him and knows what he is. Surely Allah says: And of His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth and the diversity of your tongues and colors; surely in this are signs for the learned. They are the learned; he does not hear any of the tongues speaking but that he knows it—one saved or one doomed. Therefore he answers them as he answers them.

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الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ ،قَالَ:«هُمُ الْأَئِمَّةُ.قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):اِتَّقُوا فِرَاسَةَ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَإِنَّهُ يَنْظُرُ بِنُورِ اللَّهِ،لِقَوْلِهِ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ ».

Al-‘Ayyashi: from Muhammad b. Muslim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) regarding the word of Allah: Surely in this are signs for those who examine. He said: They are the Imams. The Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family) said: Beware of the insight of the believer, for he looks by the light of Allah—due to His saying: Surely in this are signs for those who examine.

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عَنْ أَسْبَاطِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ قَالَ: سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ هِيتَ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ* وَ إِنَّهٰا لَبِسَبِيلٍ مُقِيمٍ ،قَالَ:«نَحْنُ الْمُتَوَسِّمُونَ وَ السَّبِيلُ فِينَا مُقِيمٌ».

From Asbat b. Salim, who said: A man from the people of Hit asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the word of Allah: Surely in this are signs for those who examine; and surely it is on a road that still abides. He said: We are the ones who examine, and the path abides in us.

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عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ الْأَشَلِّ،رَفَعَهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ ،قَالَ:«هُمْ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَوْصِيَاءُ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)».

From ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Salim al-Ashal, raised (to the Imam), regarding His saying: signs for those who examine—he said: They are the family of Muhammad, the legatees (peace be upon them).

99-/5921

عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «إِنَّ فِي الْإِمَامِ آيَةً لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ،وَ هُوَ السَّبِيلُ الْمُقِيمُ، يَنْظُرُ بِنُورِ اللَّهِ وَ يَنْطِقُ عَنِ اللَّهِ،لاَ يَعْزُبُ عَنْهُ شَيْءٌ مِمَّا أَرَادَ».

From Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him): In the Imam is a sign for those who examine, and he is the abiding path; he looks by the light of Allah and speaks on behalf of Allah; nothing that he intends is hidden from him.

99-/5922

عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْجُعْفِيِّ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «بَيْنَمَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)جَالِسٌ فِي مَسْجِدِ الْكُوفَةِ قَدِ احْتَبَى بِسَيْفِهِ،وَ أَلْقَى بُرْنُسَهُ وَرَاءَ ظَهْرِهِ إِذْ أَتَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ مُسْتَعْدِيَةٌ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا،فَقَضَى لِلزَّوْجِ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ،فَغَضِبَتْ،فَقَالَتْ:لاَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا هُوَ كَمَا قَضَيْتَ،لاَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا تَقْضِي بِالسَّوِيَّةِ،وَ لاَ تَعْدِلُ فِي الرَّعِيَّةِ،وَ لاَ قَضِيَّتُكَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ بِالْمَرْضِيَّةِ-قَالَ-فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَتَأَمَّلَهَا،ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهَا:كَذَبْتِ يَا جَرِيَّةُ،يَا بَذِيَّةُ،يَا سَلْسَعُ،يَا سَلْفَعُ يَا الَّتِي تَحِيضُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لاَ تَحِيضُ النِّسَاءُ».

قَالَ:«فَوَلَّتْ هَارِبَةً،وَ هِيَ تُوَلْوِلُ وَ تَقُولُ:يَا وَيْلِي يَا وَيْلِي يَا وَيْلِي ثَلاَثاً-قَالَ-فَلَحِقَهَا عَمْرُو بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ،فَقَالَ لَهَا:يَا أَمَةَ اللَّهِ،أَسْأَلُكِ؟فَقَالَتْ:مَا لِلرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَاءِ فِي الطُّرُقَاتِ؟فَقَالَ:إِنَّكِ اسْتَقْبَلْتِ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيّاً بِكَلاَمٍ سَرَرْتِينِي بِهِ،ثُمَّ قَرَعَكِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِكَلِمَةٍ فَوَلَّيْتِ مُوَلْوِلَةً؟فَقَالَتْ:إِنَّ ابْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ-وَ اللَّهِ-اِسْتَقْبَلَنِي فَأَخْبَرَنِي بِمَا هُوَ فِيَّ،وَ بِمَا كَتَمْتُهُ مِنْ بَعْلِي مُنْذُ وَلِيَ عِصْمَتِي،لاَ وَ اللَّهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ طَمْثاً قَطُّ مِنْ حَيْثُ تَرَاهُ النِّسَاءُ-قَالَ-فَرَجَعَ عَمْرُو بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ لَهُ:وَ اللَّهِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،مَا نَعْرِفُكَ بِالْكِهَانَةِ؟فَقَالَ لَهُ:وَ مَا ذَلِكَ يَا ابْنَ حُرَيْثٍ؟فَقَالَ لَهُ:يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،إِنَّ هَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةَ ذَكَرَتْ أَنَّكَ أَخْبَرْتَهَا بِمَا هُوَ فِيهَا،وَ أَنَّهَا لَمْ تَرَ طَمْثاً قَطُّ مِنْ حَيْثُ تَرَاهُ النِّسَاءُ.فَقَالَ لَهُ:وَيْلَكَ-يَا ابْنَ حُرَيْثٍ-إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَ الْأَرْوَاحَ قَبْلَ الْأَبْدَانِ بِأَلْفَيْ عَامٍ،وَ رَكَّبَ الْأَرْوَاحَ فِي الْأَبْدَانِ،فَكَتَبَ بَيْنَ أَعْيُنِهَا:كَافِرٌ وَ مُؤْمِنٌ.وَ مَا هِيَ مُبْتَلاَةٌ بِهِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ،ثُمَّ أَنْزَلَ بِذَلِكَ قُرْآناً عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَقَالَ: إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ وَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)الْمُتَوَسِّمَ،ثُمَّ أَنَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ،ثُمَّ الْأَوْصِيَاءُ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِي مِنْ بَعْدِي،إِنِّي لَمَّا رَأَيْتُهَا تَأَمَّلْتُهَا،فَأَخْبَرْتُهَا بِمَا هُوَ فِيهَا،وَ لَمْ أَكْذِبْ».

From Jabir b. Yazid al-Ju‘fi, he said: Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) said: While the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) was sitting in the Mosque of Kufa, hugging his sword to himself with his cloak thrown behind his back, a woman came to him seeking justice against her husband. He judged for the husband against the woman. She became angry and said: No, by Allah, it is not as you have judged; no, by Allah, you do not judge evenly, nor are you just among the subjects, and your judgment is not pleasing to Allah. He said: The Commander of the Faithful looked at her and contemplated her, then said to her: You lie, O shameless one, O foul-mouthed, O insolent, O the one who menstruates from where women do not menstruate. He said: She fled, wailing three times: O woe to me! ‘Amr b. Huraith caught up with her and said: O maidservant of Allah, may I ask you? She said: What have men to do with women in the streets? He said: You addressed the Commander of the Faithful, ‘Ali, with words that pleased me; then the Commander of the Faithful struck you with a word and you turned away wailing? She said: By Allah, the son of Abu Talib confronted me and informed me about what is in me, and what I have concealed from my husband since he acquired my bond; by Allah, I have never seen menstruation from where women see it. He said: ‘Amr b. Huraith returned to the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) and said: By Allah, O Commander of the Faithful, we do not know you as a soothsayer! He said to him: And what is that, O son of Huraith? He said to him: O Commander of the Faithful, this woman mentioned that you informed her about what is in her, and that she has never seen menstruation from where women see it. He said to him: Woe to you, O son of Huraith! Verily Allah, Blessed and Exalted, created the spirits two thousand years before the bodies, and He joined the spirits to the bodies, and wrote between their eyes: “Disbeliever” and “Believer,” and what she is tried with until the Day of Resurrection. Then He sent down concerning that a Qur’an upon Muhammad (Allah bless him and his family), and said: Surely in this are signs for those who examine. The Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and his family) was the one who examines, then I after him, then the legatees from my progeny after me. When I saw her, I contemplated her, and I informed her about what is in her, and I did not lie.

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شَرَفُ الدِّينِ النَّجَفِيُّ،قَالَ:رَوَى الْفَضْلُ بْنُ شَاذَانَ(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ رِجَالِهِ،عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ أَبِي مَطْرُوفٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَالَ:سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: «مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلاَّ وَ مَكْتُوبٌ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ:مُؤْمِنٌ أَوْ كَافِرٌ.

مَحْجُوبَةٌ عَنِ الْخَلاَئِقِ إِلاَّ الْأَئِمَّةَ وَ الْأَوْصِيَاءَ،فَلَيْسَ بِمَحْجُوبٍ عَنْهُمْ»ثُمَّ تَلاَ إِنَّ فِي ذٰلِكَ لَآيٰاتٍ لِلْمُتَوَسِّمِينَ ثُمَّ قَالَ:«نَحْنُ الْمُتَوَسِّمُونَ،وَ لَيْسَ-وَ اللَّهِ-أَحَدٌ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْنَا إِلاَّ عَرَفْنَاهُ بِتِلْكَ السِّمَةِ».

Sharaf al-Din al-Najafi said: al-Fadl b. Shadhan (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated with his chain from his shuyukh, from ‘Ammar b. Abi Matruf, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him). He said: I heard him say: There is no one but that it is written between his eyes: “Believer” or “Disbeliever”—hidden from the creatures except the Imams and the legatees; it is not hidden from them. Then he recited: Surely in this are signs for those who examine. Then he said: We are those who examine, and by Allah, no one enters upon us but that we recognize him by that mark.

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علي بن إبراهيم،في معنى الآية قال:قال:«نحن المتوسمون،و السبيل فينا مقيم،و السبيل:

طريق الجنة».

‘Ali b. Ibrahim, regarding the meaning of the verse, said: He said: We are those who examine, and the path abides in us; and the path is the road to Paradise.

قوله تعالى:

وَ إِنْ كٰانَ أَصْحٰابُ الْأَيْكَةِ لَظٰالِمِينَ [78]

And the dwellers of the thicket were most surely unjust. (Qur’an 15:78, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5925

علي بن إبراهيم:في قوله تعالى: وَ إِنْ كٰانَ أَصْحٰابُ الْأَيْكَةِ يعني:أصحاب الغيضة،و هم قوم شعيب لَظٰالِمِينَ .

‘Ali b. Ibrahim: Regarding His saying: And the dwellers of the thicket—it means the people of the grove; and they are the people of Shu‘ayb—were surely unjust.

قوله تعالى:

وَ لَقَدْ كَذَّبَ أَصْحٰابُ الْحِجْرِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ [80]

And the dwellers of the Rock certainly rejected the messengers. (Qur’an 15:80, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5926

علي بن إبراهيم،قال:كان لقريتهم ماء،و هي الحجر التي ذكرها اللّه في كتابه في قوله تعالى:

وَ لَقَدْ كَذَّبَ أَصْحٰابُ الْحِجْرِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ .

‘Ali b. Ibrahim said: Their town had water, and it is al-Hijr which Allah mentioned in His Book in His saying: And the dwellers of the Rock certainly rejected the messengers.

المراجع والتخريج (حفظ مواضعها كما في النص):

_5) تفسير العيّاشي 2:27/247.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:27/247.

_1) في المصدر:1:1/169.

Fi al-masdar: 1:1/169.

_2) الكافي 1:2/170.

al-Kafi 1:2/170.

_3) الكافي 1:3/170.

al-Kafi 1:3/170.

_4) الكافي 1:3/364.

al-Kafi 1:3/364.

[1] بصائر الدرجات:4/375.

Basa’ir al-Darajat 4:375.

[2] الإختصاص:307.

al-Ikhtisas 307.

[1] سورة ص 38:39 و هي في المصحف الشريف: هٰذٰا عَطٰاؤُنٰا فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسٰابٍ .

Surat Sad 38:39; wa hiya fi al-mushaf al-sharif: hatha ‘ata’una fa-mnun aw amsik bighayri hisab.

[2] الروم 30:22.

al-Rum 30:22.

[3] بصائر الدرجات:1/381 و 13/407.

Basa’ir al-Darajat 1:381 and 13:407.

_5) بصائر الدرجات:1/374.

Basa’ir al-Darajat 1:374.

_6) بصائر الدرجات:15/378.

Basa’ir al-Darajat 15:378.

_7) عيون أخبار الرّضا(عليه السّلام)2:1/200.

‘Uyun Akhbar al-Rida 2:1/200.

[1] في المصدر(قلبويه)

Fi al-masdar (Qalbawayh).

[2] الرافقة:بلد متّصل البناء بالرّقّة،و هما على ضفة الفرات،و الرافقة أيضا:من قرى البحرين.«معجم البلدان 3:15».

al-Rafiqah: balad muttaṣil al-bina’ bi-l-Raqqah… (Mu‘jam al-Buldan 3:15).

_10) الأمالي 1:300.

al-Amali 1:300.

_11) الاختصال:302.

al-Ikhtisas 302.

_12) الإختصاص:302،شواهد التنزيل 1:447/323.

al-Ikhtisas 302; Shawahid al-Tanzil 1:447/323.

[1] السّلفع:الجريئة السّليطة.«الصحاح-سلفع-3:1231».

al-Salf‘a: al-jari’ah al-salita. (al-Sihah, s-l-f-‘, 3:1231)

[2] السّلقلقيّة:المرأة التي تحيض من دبرها.«لسان العرب-سلق-10:163».

al-Salqalaqiyyah: al-mar’ah allati taḥid min duburiha. (Lisan al-‘Arab, s-l-q, 10:163)

[3] بصائر الدرجات:2/374.

Basa’ir al-Darajat 2:374.

_13) الإختصاص:303.

al-Ikhtisas 303.

_14) الإختصاص:303.

al-Ikhtisas 303.

_15) الإختصاص:306.

al-Ikhtisas 306.

[1] هيت:بلدة على الفرات فوق الأنبار،و هيت أيضا:من قرى حوران من أعمال دمشق.«معجم البلدان 5:421».

Hit: a town on the Euphrates above al-Anbar… (Mu‘jam al-Buldan 5:421)

[2] سورة ص 38:39 و هي في المصحف الشريف: هٰذٰا عَطٰاؤُنٰا فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسٰابٍ .

Surat Sad 38:39; wa hiya fi al-mushaf al-sharif: hatha ‘ata’una fa-mnun aw amsik bighayri hisab.

[3] الروم 30:22.

al-Rum 30:22.

_16) تفسير العيّاشي 2:28/247.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:28/247.

_17) تفسير العيّاشي 2:29/247.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:29/247.

_18) تفسير العيّاشي 2:30/247.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:30/247.

_19) تفسير العيّاشي 2:31/248.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:31/248.

_20) تفسير العيّاشي 2:32/248.

Tafsir al-‘Ayyashi 2:32/248.

[1] الاحتباء:ضمّ الساقين إلى البطن بالثوب أو اليدين.«مجمع البحرين-حبا-1:94».

al-Iḥtibā’: drawing the legs to the belly with a cloth or the hands. (Majma‘ al-Bahrayn, ḥ-b-w, 1:94)

[2] البرنس:قلنسوة طويلة،و كان النسّاك يلبسونها في صدر الإسلام.«الصحاح-برنس-3:908».

al-Burnus: a long hood… (al-Sihah, b-r-n-s, 3:908)

[3] في«ط»:فزعك.

Fi “T”: faza‘ak.

_21) تأويل الآيات 1:10/251.

Ta’wil al-Ayat 1:10/251.

_22) تفسير القمّيّ 1:377.

Tafsir al-Qummi 1:377.

_1) تفسير القمّيّ 1:377.

Tafsir al-Qummi 1:377.

_2) تفسير القمّيّ 1:331.

Tafsir al-Qummi 1:331.

[1] في المصدر:محجوب.

Fi al-masdar: maḥjub.

[2] الغيضة:الأجمة… «الصحاح-غيض-3:1097».

al-Ghaydah: the thicket… (al-Sihah, gh-y-ḍ, 3:1097)