Ar-Ra'd Ayah 2

الرعد آية 2

اللَّهُ الَّذِي رَفَعَ السَّمَاوَاتِ بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ تَرَوْنَهَا ثُمَّ اسْتَوَىٰ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ وَسَخَّرَ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ كُلٌّ يَجْرِي لِأَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى يُدَبِّرُ الْأَمْرَ يُفَصِّلُ الْآيَاتِ لَعَلَّكُمْ بِلِقَاءِ رَبِّكُمْ تُوقِنُونَ (الرعد 13:2)

Allah is He Who raised the heavens without any pillars that you can see, then He established Himself on the Throne and made the sun and the moon subservient (to you); each one runs on to an assigned term; He regulates the affair, making clear the signs that you may be certain of meeting your Lord. (Quran 13:2, M. H. Shakir)

المص [1] وَ يَقُومُ قَائِمُنَا عِنْدَ انْقِضَائِهَا. المر فَافْهَمْ ذَلِكَ وَ عِهْ وَ اكْتُمْهُ.

Alif Lam Mim Sad [1], and our Qa’im will rise at its conclusion. Alif Lam Mim Ra; so understand that, retain it, and conceal it.

قوله تعالى:

اللَّهُ الَّذِي رَفَعَ السَّمَاوَاتِ بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ تَرَوْنَهَا [2]

His saying, exalted is He: Allah is He Who raised the heavens without any pillars that you can see [2].

99-/5436 _1- علي بن إبراهيم: يعني بغير أُسطوانة.

99-/5436 _1- Ali ibn Ibrāhīm: Meaning, without a pillar.

99-/5437 _2- ثُمَّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ)، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَالسَّمَاءِ ذَاتِ الْحُبُكِ [2]. فَقَالَ: «هِيَ مَحْبُوكَةٌ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ» وَ شَبَّكَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ. فَقُلْتُ كَيْفَ تَكُونُ مَحْبُوكَةً إِلَى الْأَرْضِ، وَاللَّهُ يَقُولُ: رَفَعَ السَّمَاوَاتِ بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ تَرَوْنَهَا؟ فَقَالَ: «سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ! أَلَيْسَ اللَّهُ يَقُولُ: بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ تَرَوْنَهَا؟» فَقُلْتُ: بَلَى. فَقَالَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ): «ثَمَّ عَمَدٌ، وَلَكِنْ لَا تَرَوْنَهَا». قُلْتُ: كَيْفَ ذَلِكَ، جَعَلَنِيَ اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ؟ قَالَ: فَبَسَطَ كَفَّهُ الْيُسْرَى، ثُمَّ وَضَعَ الْيُمْنَى عَلَيْهَا، فَقَالَ: «هَذِهِ أَرْضُ الدُّنْيَا، وَالسَّمَاءُ الدُّنْيَا عَلَيْهَا فَوْقَهَا قُبَّةٌ، وَالْأَرْضُ الثَّانِيَةُ فَوْقَ السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا، وَالسَّمَاءُ الثَّانِيَةُ فَوْقَهَا قُبَّةٌ، وَالْأَرْضُ الثَّالِثَةُ فَوْقَ السَّمَاءِ الثَّانِيَةِ، وَالسَّمَاءُ الثَّالِثَةُ فَوْقَهَا قُبَّةٌ، وَالْأَرْضُ الرَّابِعَةُ فَوْقَ السَّمَاءِ الثَّالِثَةِ، وَالسَّمَاءُ الرَّابِعَةُ فَوْقَهَا قُبَّةٌ، وَالْأَرْضُ الْخَامِسَةُ فَوْقَ السَّمَاءِ الرَّابِعَةِ، وَالسَّمَاءُ الْخَامِسَةُ فَوْقَهَا قُبَّةٌ، وَالْأَرْضُ السَّادِسَةُ فَوْقَ السَّمَاءِ الْخَامِسَةِ، وَالسَّمَاءُ السَّادِسَةُ فَوْقَهَا قُبَّةٌ، وَالْأَرْضُ السَّابِعَةُ فَوْقَ السَّمَاءِ السَّادِسَةِ، وَالسَّمَاءُ السَّابِعَةُ فَوْقَهَا قُبَّةٌ، وَعَرْشُ الرَّحْمَنِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى فَوْقَ السَّمَاءِ السَّابِعَةِ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: خَلَقَ سَبْعَ سَمَاوَاتٍ طِبَاقًا وَمِنَ الْأَرْضِ مِثْلَهُنَّ يَتَنَزَّلُ الْأَمْرُ بَيْنَهُنَّ [3] فَأَمَّا صَاحِبُ الْأَمْرِ فَهُوَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ)، وَالْوَصِيُّ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ (صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ) قَائِمٌ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ، فَإِنَّمَا يَتَنَزَّلُ الْأَمْرُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ فَوْقِ السَّمَاءِ مِنْ بَيْنِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرَضِينَ». قُلْتُ: فَمَا تَحْتَنَا إِلَّا أَرْضٌ وَاحِدَةٌ؟ فَقَالَ: «مَا تَحْتَنَا إِلَّا أَرْضٌ وَاحِدَةٌ، وَإِنَّ السِّتَّ لَهُنَّ فَوْقَنَا» [4].

99-/5437 _2- Then he said: My father narrated to me, from al-Husayn ibn Khālid, from Abū al-Hasan al-Ridā (peace be upon him). I said to him: Inform me about the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: By the heaven full of paths [2]. He said: “It is interlaced to the earth,” and he interlaced his fingers. I said: How can it be interlaced to the earth, while Allah says: He raised the heavens without any pillars that you can see? He said: “Glory be to Allah! Does not Allah say: without any pillars that you can see?” I said: Indeed. He (peace be upon him) said: “There are pillars, but you do not see them.” I said: How is that, may I be your ransom? He spread out his left palm and placed his right upon it and said: “This is the lowest earth, and the lowest heaven is over it like a dome; the second earth is above the lowest heaven, and the second heaven is above it like a dome; the third earth is above the second heaven, and the third heaven is above it like a dome; the fourth earth is above the third heaven, and the fourth heaven is above it like a dome; the fifth earth is above the fourth heaven, and the fifth heaven is above it like a dome; the sixth earth is above the fifth heaven, and the sixth heaven is above it like a dome; the seventh earth is above the sixth heaven, and the seventh heaven is above it like a dome; and the Throne of the All-Merciful—blessed and exalted—is above the seventh heaven. And it is His saying, Mighty and Majestic: Allah is He Who created seven heavens and of the earth the like of them; the decree continues to descend among them [3]. As for the possessor of the command, he is the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family), and the legatee after the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) stands upon the face of the earth; indeed the command descends to him from above the heaven, from among the heavens and the earths.” I said: So beneath us there is only a single earth? He said: “There is only one earth beneath us, and the six are above us.” [4]

99-/5438 _3- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ): أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَالسَّمَاءِ ذَاتِ الْحُبُكِ [5] قَالَ: «مَحْبُوكَةٌ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ» وَ شَبَّكَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ.

99-/5438 _3- Al-‘Ayyāshī: From al-Husayn ibn Khālid, who said: I said to Abū al-Hasan al-Ridā (peace be upon him): Inform me about the saying of Allah: By the heaven full of paths [5]. He said: “It is interlaced to the earth,” and he interlaced his fingers.

فَقُلْتُ: كَيْفَ تَكُونُ مَحْبُوكَةً إِلَى الْأَرْضِ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: رَفَعَ السَّمَاوَاتِ بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ تَرَوْنَهَا؟ فَقَالَ: «سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ! أَلَيْسَ يَقُولُ: بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ تَرَوْنَهَا؟!». فَقُلْتُ: بَلَى. فَقَالَ: «ثَمَّ عَمَدٌ وَلَكِنْ لَا تُرَى». فَقُلْتُ: كَيْفَ ذَاكَ؟ فَبَسَطَ كَفَّهُ الْيُسْرَى ثُمَّ وَضَعَ الْيُمْنَى عَلَيْهَا، فَقَالَ: هَذِهِ الْأَرْضُ الدُّنْيَا وَالسَّمَاءُ الدُّنْيَا عَلَيْهَا قُبَّةٌ.

I said: How can it be interlaced to the earth, while He says: He raised the heavens without any pillars that you can see? He said: “Glory be to Allah! Does He not say: without any pillars that you can see?!” I said: Indeed. He said: “There are pillars, but they are not seen.” I said: How is that? He spread out his left palm and placed the right upon it and said: This is the lowest earth, and the lowest heaven is a dome over it.

قوله تعالى: ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى عَلَى الْعَرْشِ سيأتي—إن شاء الله تعالى—معنى ذلك في سورة طه [1].

His saying, exalted is He: Then He established Himself on the Throne—the meaning of that will come, God willing, in Surah Taha [1].

قوله تعالى:

وَفِي الْأَرْضِ قِطَعٌ مُتَجَاوِرَاتٌ وَجَنَّاتٌ مِنْ أَعْنَابٍ وَزَرْعٌ وَنَخِيلٌ صِنْوَانٌ وَغَيْرُ صِنْوَانٍ يُسْقَىٰ بِمَاءٍ وَاحِدٍ وَنُفَضِّلُ بَعْضَهَا عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ فِي الْأُكُلِ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ. وَإِنْ تَعْجَبْ فَعَجَبٌ قَوْلُهُمْ أَإِذَا كُنَّا تُرَابًا أَئِنَّا لَفِي خَلْقٍ جَدِيدٍ أُولَٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِرَبِّهِمْ وَأُولَٰئِكَ الْأَغْلَالُ فِي أَعْنَاقِهِمْ وَأُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ. وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ قَبْلَ الْحَسَنَةِ وَقَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمُ الْمَثُلَاتُ (الرعد 13:4-6)

And in the earth are tracts side by side and gardens of grapes and corn and palm trees having one root and (others) having distinct roots—they are watered with one water, and We make some of them excel others in fruit; most surely there are signs in this for a people who understand. And if you wonder, then wondrous is their saying: What! when we have become dust, shall we then certainly be in a new creation? These are they who disbelieve in their Lord, and these are they who shall have chains on their necks, and they shall be the inmates of the fire; in it they shall abide. And they ask you to hasten on the evil before the good, and indeed exemplary punishments have before (this) come upon them. (Quran 13:4-6, M. H. Shakir)

99-/5439 _1- ابْنُ شَهْرَ آشُوبٍ: عَنِ الْخَرْكُوشِيِّ فِي (شَرَفِ الْمُصْطَفَى) وَ الثَّعْلَبِيِّ فِي (الْكَشْفِ وَ الْبَيَانِ) وَ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ فِي (الْأَمَالِي) وَ اللَّفْظُ لَهُ، بِإِسْنَادِهِمْ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ (صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) يَقُولُ لِعَلِيٍّ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ): «النَّاسُ مِنْ شَجَرٍ شَتَّى، وَأَنَا وَأَنْتَ مِنْ شَجَرَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ» — ثُمَّ قَرَأَ — «وَجَنَّاتٌ مِنْ أَعْنَابٍ وَزَرْعٌ وَنَخِيلٌ صِنْوَانٌ وَغَيْرُ صِنْوَانٍ يُسْقَىٰ بِمَاءٍ وَاحِدٍ» «بِالنَّبِيِّ وَبِكَ». قَالَ: وَرَوَاهُ النَّطَنْزِيُّ فِي (الْخَصَائِصِ) عَنْ سَلْمَانَ، وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: «أَنَا وَعَلِيٌّ مِنْ شَجَرَةٍ، وَالنَّاسُ مِنْ أَشْجَارٍ شَتَّى». قُلْتُ: وَرَوَى حَدِيثَ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الطبرسيّ، وَعَلِيّ بْنُ عِيسَى فِي (كَشْفِ الْغُمَّة) [2].

99-/5439 _1- Ibn Shahr Āshūb: From al-Kharkūshī in Sharaf al-Muṣṭafā, and al-Tha‘labī in al-Kashf wa al-Bayān, and al-Faḍl ibn Shādhān in al-Amālī, with his wording, by their isnāds from Jābir ibn ‘Abd Allāh, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) say to ‘Alī (peace be upon him): “People are from diverse trees, while I and you are from a single tree”—then he recited—“And gardens of grapes and corn and palm trees having one root and others having distinct roots, watered with one water”—“by the Prophet and by you.” He said: And it was narrated by al-Naṭanzī in al-Khaṣā’iṣ from Salmān; and in another narration: “I and ‘Alī are from one tree, and the people are from diverse trees.” I say: And the hadith of Jābir ibn ‘Abd Allāh was narrated by al-Ṭabarsī and ‘Alī ibn ‘Īsā in Kashf al-Ghumma [2].

99-/5440 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنِ الْخَطَّابِ الْأَعْوَرِ، رَفَعَهُ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ وَالْفِقْهِ مِنْ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ (عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ السَّلَامُ)، قَالَ: «وَفِي الْأَرْضِ قِطَعٌ مُتَجَاوِرَاتٌ يَعْنِي: هَذِهِ الْأَرْضُ الطَّيِّبَةُ مُجَاوِرَةٌ لِهَذِهِ الْأَرْضِ الْمَالِحَةِ وَلَيْسَتْ مِنْهَا، كَمَا يُجَاوِرُ الْقَوْمُ الْقَوْمَ وَلَيْسُوا مِنْهُمْ».

99-/5440 _2- Al-‘Ayyāshī: From al-Khaṭṭāb al-A‘war, marfū‘an to the people of knowledge and jurisprudence from the family of Muḥammad (peace be upon him and his family), who said: “And in the earth are tracts side by side—meaning: this good land is adjacent to this salty land though not of it, just as a people may be adjacent to another people yet not be of them.”

/5441 _3- وَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: وَقَوْلُهُ: «وَفِي الْأَرْضِ قِطَعٌ مُتَجَاوِرَاتٌ» أَيْ مُتَّصِلَةٌ بَعْضُهَا بِبَعْضٍ.

/5441 _3- And ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm said: And His saying: “And in the earth are tracts side by side” means connected, some of them with others.

الهوامش والمراجع:

_1) تفسير القمّيّ 1:359.

_1) Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:359.

_2) تفسير القمّيّ 2:328.

_2) Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:328.

_3) تفسير العيّاشي 2:3/203.

_3) Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:3/203.

[1] الأعراف 7:1.

[1] al-A‘rāf 7:1.

[2] الذاريات 51:7.

[2] al-Dhāriyāt 51:7.

[3] الطلاق 65:12.

[3] al-Ṭalāq 65:12.

[4] في المصدر: فوقها.

[4] fī al-maṣdar: fawqahā.

[5] الذاريات 51:7.

[5] al-Dhāriyāt 51:7.

_1) ...، المناقب لابن المغازلي: 454/400، شواهد التنزيل 1:395/288، ترجمة الإمام علي (عليه السّلام) من تاريخ ابن عساكر 1:178/142، تفسير القرطبيّ 9:283، فرائد السمطين 1:17/52، الدرّ المنثور 4:605، تاريخ الخلفاء للسيوطي: 136، الصواعق المحرقة: 123.

_1) …, al-Manāqib li Ibn al-Maghāzilī: 454/400, Shawāhid al-Tanzīl 1:395/288, Tarjamat al-Imām ‘Alī (alayhi al-salām) min Tārīkh Ibn ‘Asākir 1:178/142, Tafsīr al-Qurṭubī 9:283, Farā’id al-Simṭayn 1:17/52, al-Durr al-Manthūr 4:605, Tārīkh al-Khulafā’ li al-Suyūṭī: 136, al-Ṣawā‘iq al-Muḥriqa: 123.

_2) تفسير العيّاشي 2:4/203.

_2) Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:4/203.

[1] يأتي في تفسير الآية (5) من سورة طه.

[1] ya’tī fī tafsīr al-āyah (5) min Sūrat Ṭāhā.

[2] مجمع البيان 6:424، كشف الغمّة 1:295.

[2] Majma‘ al-Bayān 6:424, Kashf al-Ghumma 1:295.

الآيات المقتبسة الأخرى وترجمتها:

وَالسَّمَاءِ ذَاتِ الْحُبُكِ (الذاريات 51:7)

And the heaven full of ways. (Quran 51:7, M. H. Shakir)

اللَّهُ الَّذِي خَلَقَ سَبْعَ سَمَاوَاتٍ وَمِنَ الْأَرْضِ مِثْلَهُنَّ يَتَنَزَّلُ الْأَمْرُ بَيْنَهُنَّ لِتَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَحَاطَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عِلْمًا (الطلاق 65:12)

Allah is He Who created seven heavens and of the earth the like of them; the decree continues to descend among them, that you may know that Allah has power over all things and that Allah indeed encompasses all things in (His) knowledge. (Quran 65:12, M. H. Shakir)