Ar-Ra'd Ayah 10

الرعد آيه 10

فِي حَمْلِهَا مِنَ الْحَيْضِ يَزْدَادُ بِعَدَدِ الْأَيَّامِ الَّتِي رَأَتْ فِي حَمْلِهَا مِنَ الدَّمِ».

99-/5474 _3- عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ: مٰا تَحْمِلُ كُلُّ أُنْثىٰ «يَعْنِي الذَّكَرَ وَ الْأُنْثَى وَ مٰا تَغِيضُ الْأَرْحٰامُ -قَالَ-اَلْغَيْضُ:مَا كَانَ أَقَلَّ مِنَ الْحَمْلِ وَ مٰا تَزْدٰادُ :مَا زَادَ عَلَى الْحَمْلِ،فَهُوَ مَكَانَ مَا رَأَتْ مِنَ الدَّمِ فِي حَمْلِهَا».

99-/5474) In her pregnancy, the period (menstrual) days are added according to the number of days she saw blood during her pregnancy. From Zurara, from Abu Ja‘far and Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon them), regarding His saying: “Whatever every female bears” (i.e., male or female), and “what the wombs diminish” — he said: The diminution is what is less than the [normal] term of pregnancy; and “what they increase” is what exceeds the pregnancy [term]; that increase corresponds to the days of blood she saw during her pregnancy. (Quran 13:8; M. H. Shakir: Allah knows what every female bears, and that of which the wombs fall short and that which they exceed, and everything with Him is measured.)

99-/5475 _4- عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،وَ حُمْرَانَ،وَ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْهُمَا(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)قَالاَ: « مٰا تَحْمِلُ كُلُّ أُنْثىٰ مَنِ أُنْثَى أَوْ ذَكَرٍ وَ مٰا تَغِيضُ الْأَرْحٰامُ -قَالَ-مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ حَمْلاً وَ مٰا تَزْدٰادُ مِنْ أُنْثَى أَوْ ذَكَرٍ».

99-/5475) From Muhammad b. Muslim, Humran, and Zurara, from the two of them (peace be upon them), they said: “Whatever every female bears — of female or male; and what the wombs diminish” — he said: that which is not a pregnancy; “and what they increase” — of female or male. (Quran 13:8; M. H. Shakir: Allah knows what every female bears, and that of which the wombs fall short and that which they exceed, and everything with Him is measured.)

99-/5476 _5- عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: اَللّٰهُ يَعْلَمُ مٰا تَحْمِلُ كُلُّ أُنْثىٰ وَ مٰا تَغِيضُ الْأَرْحٰامُ .

قَالَ:مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ حَمْلاً وَ مٰا تَزْدٰادُ -قَالَ-اَلذَّكَرُ وَ الْأُنْثَى جَمِيعاً».

99-/5476) From Muhammad b. Muslim, he said: I asked Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) about Allah’s saying: “Allah knows what every female bears and what the wombs diminish.” He said: [It is] that which is not a pregnancy; and “what they increase” — he said: both male and female. (Quran 13:8; M. H. Shakir: Allah knows what every female bears, and that of which the wombs fall short and that which they exceed, and everything with Him is measured.)

99-/5477 _6- عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: اَللّٰهُ يَعْلَمُ مٰا تَحْمِلُ كُلُّ أُنْثىٰ قَالَ:«الذَّكَرُ وَ الْأُنْثَى» وَ مٰا تَغِيضُ الْأَرْحٰامُ قَالَ:«مَا كَانَ دُونَ التِّسْعَةِ فَهُوَ غَيْضٌ» وَ مٰا تَزْدٰادُ قَالَ:«كُلَّمَا رَأَتِ الدَّمَ فِي حَالِ حَمْلِهَا ازْدَادَ بِهِ عَلَى التِّسْعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ،إِنْ كَانَتْ رَأَتِ الدَّمَ خَمْسَةَ أَيَّامٍ أَوْ أَقَلَّ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ،زَادَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى التِّسْعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ».

99-/5477) From Zurara, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) regarding Allah’s saying: “Allah knows what every female bears” — he said: “male and female”; and “what the wombs diminish” — he said: “Whatever is less than nine [months] is diminution”; and “what they increase” — he said: “Whenever she sees blood during her pregnancy, it is added to the nine months; if she saw blood for five days or less or more, that amount is added to the nine months.” (Quran 13:8; M. H. Shakir: Allah knows what every female bears, and that of which the wombs fall short and that which they exceed, and everything with Him is measured.)

99-/5478 _7- ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ:قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي(رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ)،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،عَنْ أَحْمَدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ فَضَّالٍ،عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: عٰالِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَ الشَّهٰادَةِ .

فَقَالَ:«الْغَيْبُ:مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ،وَ الشَّهَادَةُ:مَا قَدْ كَانَ».

99-/5478) Ibn Babawayh said: My father (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated to us, he said: Sa‘d b. ‘Abdillah narrated to us, from Ahmad b. Muhammad b. ‘Isa, from al-Hasan b. ‘Ali b. Faddal, from Tha‘labah b. Maymun, from some of our companions, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) regarding the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “Knower of the unseen and the seen.” He said: “The unseen (al-ghayb) is what has not yet occurred; and the seen (al-shahadah) is what has already occurred.” (Quran 13:9; M. H. Shakir: The Knower of the unseen and the seen, the Great, the Most High.)

قوله تعالى:

سَوٰاءٌ مِنْكُمْ مَنْ أَسَرَّ الْقَوْلَ وَ مَنْ جَهَرَ بِهِ وَ مَنْ هُوَ مُسْتَخْفٍ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ سٰارِبٌ بِالنَّهٰارِ [10]

(Quran 13:10; M. H. Shakir: Alike (to Him) among you is he who conceals the word and he who speaks it openly, and he who hides himself by night and who goes forth by day.)

99-/5479 _1- قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ:وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى:

99-/5479) ‘Ali b. Ibrahim said: And in the narration of Abu al-Jarud, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, Exalted is He:

_3) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 2:11/204.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:11/204.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 2:12/204.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:12/204.

_5) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 2:13/205.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:13/205.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 2:14/205.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:14/205.

_7) -معاني الآخبار:1/146.

- Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār: 1/146.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:360.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:360.

سَوٰاءٌ مِنْكُمْ مَنْ أَسَرَّ الْقَوْلَ وَ مَنْ جَهَرَ بِهِ ،قَالَ:«فَالسِّرُّ وَ الْعَلاَنِيَةُ عِنْدَهُ سَوَاءٌ».

99-/5479) “Alike among you is he who conceals the word and he who speaks it openly” — he said: “The secret and the open are the same to Him.”

/5480 _2-و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم في قوله تعالى: وَ مَنْ هُوَ مُسْتَخْفٍ بِاللَّيْلِ مستخف في جوف بيته.

وَ سٰارِبٌ بِالنَّهٰارِ يعني تحت الأرض،فذلك كله عند اللّه عزّ و جلّ واحد يعلمه.

99-/5480) And ‘Ali b. Ibrahim said regarding His saying, the Exalted: “And he who hides himself by night” — [it means] one who hides in the interior of his house; “and who goes forth by day” — meaning underground. All of that is one and the same to Allah, Mighty and Majestic; He knows it.

قوله تعالى:

لَهُ مُعَقِّبٰاتٌ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ يَحْفَظُونَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللّٰهِ [11]

(Quran 13:11; M. H. Shakir: For him are angels ranged before him and behind him, guarding him by Allah’s command; surely Allah does not change the condition of a people until they change their own condition; and when Allah intends evil to a people, there is no averting it, and besides Him they have no protector.)

99-/5481 _3- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: إِنَّهَا قُرِئَتْ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فَقَالَ لِقَارِئِهَا:«أَ لَسْتُمْ عَرَباً،فَكَيْفَ تَكُونُ الْمُعَقِّبَاتُ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ؟!وَ إِنَّمَا الْمُعَقِّبُ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ».

فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،كَيْفَ هَذَا؟فَقَالَ:«إِنَّمَا نَزَلَتْ(لَهُ مُعَقِّبَاتٌ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ وَ رَقِيبٌ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ يَحْفَظُونَهُ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ)وَ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يَقْدِرُ أَنْ يَحْفَظَ الشَّيْءَ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ؟وَ هُمُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ الْمُوَكَّلُونَ بِالنَّاسِ».

99-/5481) ‘Ali b. Ibrahim: It was recited in the presence of Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), so he said to the reciter: “Are you not Arabs? How can there be ‘those who follow up’ (mu‘aqqibāt) in front of him? Verily, the ‘one who follows up’ (mu‘aqqib) is from behind him!” The man said: “May I be your ransom, how is that?” He said: “It was revealed [as]: ‘For him are those who follow up from behind him and a watcher in front of him; they guard him by Allah’s command.’ And who is it that can guard anything from Allah’s decree? They are the angels appointed over people.”

99-/5482 _4- قَالَ:وَ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الْجَارُودِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ: لَهُ مُعَقِّبٰاتٌ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ يَحْفَظُونَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللّٰهِ .

يَقُولُ:«بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ،مِنْ أَنْ يَقَعَ فِي رَكِيٍّ،أَوْ يَقَعَ عَلَيْهِ حَائِطٌ،أَوْ يُصِيبَهُ شَيْءٌ حَتَّى إِذَا جَاءَ الْقَدَرُ،خَلَّوْا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَهُ،يَدْفَعُونَهُ إِلَى الْمَقَادِيرِ،وَ هُمَا مَلَكَانِ يَحْفَظَانِهِ بِاللَّيْلِ،وَ مَلَكَانِ بِالنَّهَارِ يَتَعَاقَبَانِهِ».

وَ تَقَدَّمَ حَدِيثُ جَابِرٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: يَعِدُهُمْ وَ يُمَنِّيهِمْ وَ مٰا يَعِدُهُمُ الشَّيْطٰانُ إِلاّٰ غُرُوراً مِنْ سُورَةِ النِّسَاءِ،أَنَّ ابْنَ آدَمَ لَهُ مَلَكَانِ يَحْفَظَانِهِ [2].

99-/5482) He said: And in the narration of Abu al-Jarud, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), regarding His saying: “For him are those who follow up in front of him and behind him; they guard him by Allah’s command.” He says: “By Allah’s command — [they guard him] from falling into a well, or a wall falling upon him, or anything striking him — until when the decreed time comes, they leave him to it, delivering him to the decrees. There are two angels who guard him by night and two by day, alternating over him.” And the hadith of Jabir from the Prophet (may Allah bless him and his family) has preceded, regarding His saying, Exalted is He: “He gives them promises and excites vain desires in them, and Satan does not promise them but to deceive” from Surah al-Nisa’, that the son of Adam has two angels who guard him. (Quran 4:120; M. H. Shakir: He gives them promises and excites vain desires in them; and the Shaitan does not promise them but to deceive.)

99-/5483 _5- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ الْعِجْلِيِّ،قَالَ: سَمِعَنِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)وَ أَنَا أَقْرَأُ لَهُ مُعَقِّبٰاتٌ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ يَحْفَظُونَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللّٰهِ فَقَالَ:«مَهْ،وَ كَيْفَ تَكُونُ الْمُعَقِّبَاتُ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ؟إِنَّمَا تَكُونُ الْمُعَقِّبَاتُ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ إِنَّمَا أَنْزَلَهَا اللَّهُ(لَهُ رَقِيبٌ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَ مُعَقِّبَاتٌ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ.يَحْفَظُونَهُ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ)».

99-/5483) Al-‘Ayyashi: From Burayd al-‘Ijli, he said: Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him) heard me as I was reciting: “those who follow up in front of him and behind him; they guard him from Allah’s command,” so he said: “Enough! How can there be ‘those who follow up’ in front of him? Rather, the ‘those who follow up’ are behind him. Allah only revealed it as: ‘He has a watcher in front of him and those who follow up behind him; they guard him by Allah’s command.’”

99-/5484 _6- عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: يَحْفَظُونَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللّٰهِ .

قَالَ:«بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ-ثُمَّ قَالَ-مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ إِلاَّ وَ مَعَهُ مَلَكَانِ يَحْفَظَانِهِ،فَإِذَا جَاءَ الْأَمْرُ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ،خَلَّيَا بَيْنَهُ وَ بَيْنَ أَمْرِ

99-/5484) From Mas‘adah b. Sadaqah, from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, Exalted is He: “They guard him by Allah’s command.” He said: “By Allah’s command.” Then he said: “There is no servant except that with him are two angels who guard him; but when the command comes from Allah, they leave him to His command.”

_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:360.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:360.

_3) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:360.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:360.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:360.

- Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:360.

_5) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:15/205.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:15/205.

_6) -تفسير العيّاشي 2:16/205.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 2:16/205.

[1] الرّكيّ:جنس للرّكيّة،و هي البئر،و جمعها،ركايا«النهاية-ركا-2:261».

[1] ar-rukkiyy: jins lil-rukiyyah, wa hiya al-bi’r, wa jam‘uhā rakāyā. “al-Nihāyah – rakā – 2:261”.

[2] تقدم في الحديث(1)من تفسير الآية(120)من سورة النساء.

[2] taqaddama fi al-hadīth (1) min tafsīr al-āyah (120) min Sūrat al-Nisā’.