S 2 A 123

قَالَ: «هُمُ الْأَئِمَّةُ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)».

99-/— They are the Imams (peace be upon them).

99-/597 _2- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ أَبِي وَلَّادٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): اَلَّذِينَ آتَيْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ يَتْلُونَهُ حَقَّ تِلَاوَتِهِ أُولَئِكَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِ.

قَالَ: فَقَالَ: «هُمُ الْأَئِمَّةُ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)».

99-/597 _2- Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Abū Walād, who said: I asked Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) about: “Those to whom We have given the Book recite it as it ought to be recited; these believe in it.” He said: “They are the Imams (peace be upon them).”

Reference of the verse: 2:121. M. H. Shakir: “Those to whom We have given the Book recite it as it ought to be recited; these believe in it; and whoever disbelieves in it, these are they that are the losers.”

99-/598 _3- عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: يَتْلُونَهُ حَقَّ تِلَاوَتِهِ.

فَقَالَ: «الْوُقُوفُ عِنْدَ الْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ».

99-/598 _3- From Manṣūr, from Abū Baṣīr, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), regarding Allah’s words: “They recite it as it ought to be recited,” he said: “It is to halt at [the mention of] Paradise and the Fire.”

Reference of the verse: 2:121. M. H. Shakir: “Those to whom We have given the Book recite it as it ought to be recited; these believe in it; and whoever disbelieves in it, these are they that are the losers.”

99-/599 _4- الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الدَّيْلَمِيُّ: عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّادِقِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: اَلَّذِينَ آتَيْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ يَتْلُونَهُ حَقَّ تِلَاوَتِهِ.

قَالَ: «يُرَتِّلُونَ آيَاتِهِ، وَيَتَفَقَّهُونَ بِهِ، وَيَعْمَلُونَ بِأَحْكَامِهِ، وَيَرْجُونَ وَعْدَهُ، وَيَخَافُونَ وَعِيدَهُ، وَيَعْتَبِرُونَ بِقِصَصِهِ، وَيَأْتَمِرُونَ بِأَوَامِرِهِ، وَيَنْتَهُونَ بِنَوَاهِيهِ [1]؛ مَا هُوَ—وَاللَّهِ—حِفْظُ آيَاتِهِ، وَدَرْسُ حُرُوفِهِ، وَتِلَاوَةُ سُوَرِهِ، وَدَرْسُ أَعْشَارِهِ وَأَخْمَاسِهِ، حَفِظُوا حُرُوفَهُ وَأَضَاعُوا حُدُودَهُ، وَإِنَّمَا هُوَ تَدَبُّرُ آيَاتِهِ وَالْعَمَلُ بِأَحْكَامِهِ، قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: كِتَابٌ أَنْزَلْنَاهُ إِلَيْكَ مُبَارَكٌ لِيَدَّبَّرُوا آيَاتِهِ [2]».

99-/599 _4- Al-Ḥasan b. Abī al-Ḥasan al-Daylamī: from Ja‘far b. Muḥammad al-Ṣādiq (peace be upon him), regarding His saying, exalted is He: “Those to whom We have given the Book recite it as it ought to be recited.” He said: “They recite its verses with measured recitation, they gain understanding through it, they act by its rulings, they hope for its promise, they fear its threat, they take lesson from its narratives, they comply with its commands, and they refrain from its prohibitions [1]; by Allah, it is not [merely] memorizing its verses, studying its letters, reciting its chapters, and studying its tenths and fifths—they preserved its letters but neglected its limits. Rather, it is pondering its verses and acting by its rulings. Allah, exalted is He, said: ‘A Book We have revealed to you abounding in good that they may ponder over its verses’ [2].”

Reference of the verses:

- 2:121. M. H. Shakir: “Those to whom We have given the Book recite it as it ought to be recited; these believe in it; and whoever disbelieves in it, these are they that are the losers.”

- 38:29. M. H. Shakir: “A Book We have revealed to you abounding in good that they may ponder over its verses, and that those endowed with understanding may be mindful.”

قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى:

وَاتَّقُوا يَوْمًا لَا تَجْزِي نَفْسٌ عَنْ نَفْسٍ شَيْئًا وَلَا يُقْبَلُ مِنْهَا عَدْلٌ وَلَا تَنْفَعُهَا شَفَاعَةٌ وَلَا هُمْ يُنْصَرُونَ [123]

[2:123] M. H. Shakir: “And be on your guard against a day when no soul shall avail another in the least, neither shall any compensation be accepted from it, nor shall intercession profit it, nor shall they be helped.”

99-/600 _5- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ الْأَحْمَرِ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: «الْعَدْلُ: الْفَرِيضَةُ».

99-/600 _5- Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Ya‘qūb al-Aḥmar, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), who said: “Al-‘adl (‘compensation’): the obligatory duty.”

99-/601 _6- عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ الْفُضَيْلِ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: «الْعَدْلُ فِي قَوْلِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): الْفِدَاءُ».

99-/601 _6- From Ibrāhīm b. al-Fuḍayl, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), who said: “Al-‘adl in the statement of Abū Ja‘far (peace be upon him) is ransom.”

_2) - تفسير العياشي 1:84/57.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:84/57.

_3) - تفسير العياشي 1:84/57.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:84/57.

_4) - إرشاد القلوب: 78.

- Irshād al-Qulūb: 78.

_5) - تفسير العياشي 1:85/57.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:85/57.

_6) - تفسير العياشي 1:86/57.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:86/57.

[1] في المصدر: يتناهون عن نواهيه.

[1] fī al-maṣdar: yatanaahawn ‘an nawāhīhi.

[2] سورة ص 38:29.

[2] Sūrat Ṣād 38:29.

[3] تقدَّم في تفسير الآية (48) من هذه السورة.

[3] taqaddama fī tafsīr al-āyah (48) min hādhihi al-sūrah.

99-/602 _3- وَرَوَاهُ أَسْبَاطٌ الزُّطِّيُّ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): قَوْلَ اللَّهِ: «لَا يَقْبَلُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ صَرْفًا وَلَا عَدْلًا»؟ قَالَ: «الصَّرْفُ: النَّافِلَةُ، وَالْعَدْلُ: الْفَرِيضَةُ».

99-/602 _3- And it is narrated by Asbāṭ al-Zuṭṭī, who said: I said to Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) regarding Allah’s saying: “Allah will not accept from him a ṣarf nor an ‘adl”: He said, “The ṣarf is the supererogatory act, and the ‘adl is the obligatory duty.”

قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى:

وَإِذِ ابْتَلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ رَبُّهُ بِكَلِمَاتٍ فَأَتَمَّهُنَّ قَالَ إِنِّي جَاعِلُكَ لِلنَّاسِ إِمَامًا قَالَ وَمِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِي قَالَ لَا يَنَالُ عَهْدِي الظَّالِمِينَ [124]

[2:124] M. H. Shakir: “And when his Lord tried Ibrahim with certain words, he fulfilled them. He said: Surely I will make you an Imam of men. Ibrahim said: And of my offspring? My covenant does not include the unjust, said He.”

99-/603 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بَابَوَيْهِ: قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الدَّقَّاقُ [1](رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا حَمْزَةُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ الْعَلَوِيُّ الْعَبَّاسِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْكُوفِيُّ الْفَزَارِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ الزَّيَّاتُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الْأَزْدِيُّ، عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنِ الصَّادِقِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: وَإِذِ ابْتَلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ رَبُّهُ بِكَلِمَاتٍ مَا هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَاتُ؟ قَالَ: «هِـيَ الْكَلِمَاتُ الَّتِي تَلَقَّاهَا آدَمُ مِنْ رَبِّهِ فَتَابَ عَلَيْهِ، وَهُوَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: يَا رَبِّ، أَسْأَلُكَ بِحَقِّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلِيٍّ وَفَاطِمَةَ وَالْحَسَنِ وَالْحُسَيْنِ إِلَّا تُبْتَ عَلَيَّ؛ فَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ إِنَّهُ هُوَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ».

فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، فَمَا يَعْنِي عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِقَوْلِهِ: فَأَتَمَّهُنَّ؟ قَالَ: «يَعْنِي فَأَتَمَّهُنَّ إِلَى الْقَائِمِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ إِمَامًا، تِسْعَةٌ مِنْ وُلْدِ الْحُسَيْنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».

قَالَ الْمُفَضَّلُ: فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: وَجَعَلَهَا كَلِمَةً بَاقِيَةً فِي عَقِبِهِ [2]؟ قَالَ: «يَعْنِي بِذَلِكَ الْإِمَامَةَ، جَعَلَهَا اللَّهُ فِي عَقِبِ الْحُسَيْنِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ».

قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، فَكَيْفَ صَارَتِ الْإِمَامَةُ فِي وُلْدِ الْحُسَيْنِ دُونَ وُلْدِ الْحَسَنِ، وَهُمَا جَمِيعًا وَلَدَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ) وَسِبْطَاهُ، وَسَيِّدَا شَبَابِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ؟ فَقَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «إِنَّ مُوسَى وَهَارُونَ كَانَا نَبِيَّيْنِ مُرْسَلَيْنِ أَخَوَيْنِ، فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ النُّبُوَّةَ فِي صُلْبِ هَارُونَ دُونَ صُلْبِ مُوسَى، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَقُولَ: لِمَ فَعَلَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ؟ وَإِنَّ الْإِمَامَةَ خِلَافَةُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، لَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَقُولَ: لِمَ جَعَلَهَا اللَّهُ فِي صُلْبِ الْحُسَيْنِ دُونَ صُلْبِ الْحَسَنِ؟ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْحَكِيمُ فِي أَفْعَالِهِ».

99-/603 _1- Muḥammad b. ‘Alī b. Bābawayh: He said: ‘Alī b. Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. ‘Imrān al-Daqqāq [1] (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us; he said: Ḥamzah b. al-Qāsim al-‘Alawī al-‘Abbāsī narrated to us; he said: Ja‘far b. Muḥammad b. Mālik al-Kūfī al-Fazārī narrated to us; he said: Muḥammad b. al-Ḥusayn b. Zayd al-Zayyāt narrated to us; he said: Muḥammad b. Ziyād al-Azdī, from al-Mufaḍḍal b. ‘Umar, from al-Ṣādiq Ja‘far b. Muḥammad (peace be upon him), [who] said: I asked him about the words of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “And when his Lord tried Ibrahim with certain words—what are these words?” He said: “They are the words which Adam received from his Lord, and He turned to him [mercifully]; namely that he said: O Lord, I ask You by the right of Muḥammad, ‘Alī, Fāṭimah, al-Ḥasan, and al-Ḥusayn, that You turn to me [in forgiveness]; so Allah turned to him—surely He is the Oft-Returning, the Most Merciful.”

I said to him: O son of the Messenger of Allah, then what does Mighty and Majestic mean by His saying: “So he fulfilled them”? He said: “It means that he fulfilled them up to the Qā’im (peace be upon him)—twelve Imams, nine from the progeny of al-Ḥusayn (peace be upon him).”

Al-Mufaḍḍal said: I said to him: O son of the Messenger of Allah, inform me about the words of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “And He made it a word to continue in his posterity” [2]? He said: “He means by that the Imamate; Allah placed it in the progeny of al-Ḥusayn until the Day of Resurrection.”

He said: I said to him: O son of the Messenger of Allah, how did the Imamate become in the children of al-Ḥusayn instead of the children of al-Ḥasan, while both are the sons of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family), his two grandsons, and the lords of the youth of the people of Paradise? He (peace be upon him) said: “Indeed Mūsā and Hārūn were two sent prophets, brothers, yet Allah placed prophethood in the loins of Hārūn rather than in the loins of Mūsā; and no one had the right to say: Why did Allah do that? And indeed the Imamate is the Caliphate of Allah, Mighty and Majestic; no one has the right to say: Why did Allah place it in the loins of al-Ḥusayn rather than the loins of al-Ḥasan? For Allah is the All-Wise in His actions.”

Reference of the verses:

- 2:124. M. H. Shakir: “And when his Lord tried Ibrahim with certain words, he fulfilled them. He said: Surely I will make you an Imam of men. Ibrahim said: And of my offspring? My covenant does not include the unjust, said He.”

- 43:28. M. H. Shakir: “And he made it a word to continue in his posterity that they may return.”

_3) - تفسير العياشيّ 1:87/57.

- Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:87/57.

_1) - الخصال: 84/304.

- al-Khiṣāl: 84/304.

[1] في المصدر: عليّ بن أحمد بن موسى، وكلاهما من مشايخ الصدوق، ولا يبعد اتّحادهما، انظر معجم رجال الحديث 11:254 و255.

[1] fī al-maṣdar: ‘Alī b. Aḥmad b. Mūsā, wa-kilāhumā min mashāyikh al-Ṣadūq, wa-lā yaba‘ud ittiḥādahumā, unẓur Mu‘jam Rijāl al-Ḥadīth 11:254 wa 255.

[2] الزخرف 43:28.

[2] al-Zukhruf 43:28.