S 97 Ayat 1 to 5
قوله تعالى:
بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ* وَ مٰا أَدْرٰاكَ مٰا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ* لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ* تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ وَ الرُّوحُ فِيهٰا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ مِنْ كُلِّ أَمْرٍ* سَلاٰمٌ هِيَ حَتّٰى مَطْلَعِ الْفَجْرِ [1-5]
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Indeed, We revealed it in the Night of Power. And what will make you comprehend what the Night of Power is? The Night of Power is better than a thousand months. The angels and the Spirit descend therein by the permission of their Lord for every affair. Peace! It is till the break of the morning. (Surah Al-Qadr 97:1-5, Translation by M.H. Shakir).
99-/11762 _1- سَعْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ:عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنِ الْمُخْتَارِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الْبَصْرِيِّ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَذَكَرَ شَيْئاً مِنْ أَمْرِ الْإِمَامِ إِذَا وُلِدَ،فَقَالَ:«اسْتَوْجَبَ زِيَادَةَ الرُّوحِ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ».فَقُلْتُ لَهُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،أَ لَيْسَ الرُّوحُ جَبْرَئِيلَ؟فَقَالَ:«جَبْرَئِيلُ مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ،وَ الرُّوحُ [خَلْقٌ]أَعْظَمُ مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ،أَ لَيْسَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ وَ الرُّوحُ ؟».
99-/11762
Abu Basir said: I was with Abu Abdullah (peace be upon him) when he mentioned something about the affair of the Imam at the time of his birth, and he said: "He becomes deserving of an increase in the spirit (Al-Ruh) on the Night of Power."
I said to him: "May I be your ransom, is the Spirit (Al-Ruh) not Jibra'il?"
He replied: "Jibra'il is from the angels, but the Spirit is a creation greater than the angels. Does Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, not say: 'The angels and the Spirit descend'?" (Surah Al-Qadr 97:4, Translation by M.H. Shakir).
99-/11763 _2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ،وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ،عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،وَ مُحَمَّدِ ابْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،جَمِيعاً،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ الْحَرِيشِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «بَيْنَا أَبِي(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَطُوفُ بِالْكَعْبَةِ إِذَا رَجُلٌ مُعْتَجِرٌ [1]،قَدْ قُيِّضَ لَهُ،فَقَطَعَ عَلَيْهِ أُسْبُوعَهُ، حَتَّى أَدْخَلَهُ إِلَى دَارٍ جَنْبَ الصَّفَا،فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيَّ،فَكُنَّا ثَلاَثَةً،فَقَالَ:مَرْحَباً يَا بْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،ثُمَّ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى رَأْسِي، وَ قَالَ:بَارَكَ اللَّهُ فِيكَ يَا أَمِينَ اللَّهِ بَعْدَ آبَائِهِ،يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي،وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَخْبَرْتُكَ،وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ سَأَلْتَنِي، وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ سَأَلْتُكَ،وَ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَاصْدُقْنِي،وَ أَنْ شِئْتَ صَدَقْتُكَ،قَالَ:كُلَّ ذَلِكَ أَشَاءُ.
99-/11763
Abu Ja'far the Second (peace be upon him) said:
Abu Abdullah (peace be upon him) said: "While my father (peace be upon him) was circumambulating the Ka'bah, a man, veiled with his turban, who had been destined to meet him, interrupted his circuit and led him into a house near Safa. Then he sent for me, so we became three.
He said: 'Welcome, O son of the Messenger of Allah!' Then he placed his hand on my head and said: 'May Allah bless you, O trustee of Allah after his forefathers! O Abu Ja'far, if you wish, inform me, and if you wish, I will inform you. If you wish, ask me, and if you wish, I will ask you. If you wish, tell me the truth, and if you wish, I will tell you the truth.'
He (Abu Ja'far) said: 'I wish for all of that.'
_1) -...بصائر الدرجات:4/484.
_2) -الكافي 1:1/188.
[1] الاعتجار بالعمامة:هو أن يلفّها على رأسه و يردّ طرفها على وجهه و لا يعمل منها شيئا تحت ذقنه.«لسان العرب 4:544».
The term "الاعتجار بالعمامة" refers to the way of wrapping the turban by circling it around the head and letting one end hang over the face without tucking any part of it under the chin. (Referenced from Lisan al-Arab 4:544).
Page 701 in Arabic
قَالَ:فَإِيَّاكَ أَنْ يَنْطِقَ لِسَانُكَ عِنْدَ مَسْأَلَتِي بِأَمْرٍ تُضْمِرُ لِي غَيْرَهُ،قَالَ:إِنَّمَا يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ مَنْ فِي قَلْبِهِ عِلْمَانِ يُخَالِفُ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ،وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَبَى أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ عِلْمٌ فِيهِ اخْتِلاَفٌ.قَالَ:هَذِهِ مَسْأَلَتِي،وَ قَدْ فَسَّرْتَ طَرَفاً مِنْهَا،أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ هَذَا الْعِلْمِ الَّذِي لَيْسَ فِيهِ اخْتِلاَفٌ مَنْ يَعْلَمُهُ؟ قَالَ:أَمَّا جُمْلَةُ الْعِلْمِ فَعِنْدَ اللَّهِ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ،وَ أَمَّا مَا لاَ بُدَّ لِلْعِبَادِ مِنْهُ فَعِنْدَ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ،قَالَ:فَفَتَحَ الرَّجُلُ عَجِيرَتَهُ، وَ اسْتَوَى جَالِساً،وَ تَهَلَّلَ وَجْهُهُ،وَ قَالَ:هَذِهِ أَرَدْتُ،وَ لَهَا أَتَيْتُ،زَعَمْتُ أَنَّ عِلْمَ مَا لاَ اخْتِلاَفَ فِيهِ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ عِنْدَ الْأَوْصِيَاءِ،فَكَيْفَ يَعْلَمُونَهُ؟
He said: "Beware that your tongue does not utter something different from what you harbor in your heart when answering my question."
He replied: "Such an act is only done by someone who has two conflicting types of knowledge in his heart, contradicting one another. But Allah, Mighty and Glorious, has refused that there should be any knowledge with contradiction in it."
The man then said: "That is my question, and you have already explained part of it. Tell me, who possesses this knowledge that has no contradiction?"
He answered: "As for the totality of knowledge, it is with Allah, Glorious is His remembrance. But as for the knowledge that is necessary for people, it is with the Awsiya (the divinely appointed successors)."
The man then opened his turban, sat upright, his face beaming with joy, and said: "This is what I was seeking and what I have come for! I claim that the knowledge in which there is no contradiction belongs to the Awsiya—but how do they acquire it?"
قَالَ:كَمَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)يَعْلَمُهُ،إِلاَّ أَنَّهُمْ لاَ يَرَوْنَ مَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)يَرَى،لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ نَبِيّاً،وَ هُمْ مُحَدَّثُونَ،وَ إِنَّهُ كَانَ يَفِدُ إِلَى اللَّهِ جَلَّ جَلاَلُهُ فَيَسْمَعُ الْوَحْيَ،وَ هُمْ لاَ يَسْمَعُونَ.فَقَالَ:صَدَقْتَ يَا بْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،سَآتِيكَ بِمَسْأَلَةٍ صَعْبَةٍ،أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ هَذَا الْعِلْمِ مَا لَهُ لاَ يَظْهَرُ كَمَا كَانَ يَظْهَرُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)؟ قَالَ:فَضَحِكَ أَبِي(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ قَالَ:أَبَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَطَّلِعَ عَلَى عِلْمِهِ إِلاَّ مُمْتَحَناً لِلْإِيمَانِ بِهِ،كَمَا قَضَى عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَنْ يَصْبِرَ عَلَى أَذَى قَوْمِهِ،وَ لاَ يُجَاهِدُهُمْ إِلاَّ بِأَمْرِهِ،فَكَمْ مِنِ اكْتِتَامٍ قَدِ اكْتَتَمَ بِهِ،حَتَّى قِيلَ لَهُ: فَاصْدَعْ بِمٰا تُؤْمَرُ وَ أَعْرِضْ عَنِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ [1]
He said: "Just as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) knew it, except that they (the Awsiya') do not see what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) used to see, because he was a Prophet, while they are Muhaddathoon (those who receive divine inspiration). He used to go to Allah, Glorious and Exalted, and hear the revelation, whereas they do not hear it."
The man then said: "You have spoken the truth, O son of the Messenger of Allah! Now, I will ask you a difficult question: Tell me, why does this knowledge not manifest as it did in the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family)?"
At this, my father (peace be upon him) laughed and said: "Allah, Mighty and Glorious, has refused to let His knowledge be disclosed except to those who are tested in their faith in it—just as He decreed upon the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) that he must endure the harm of his people and not fight them except by His command. How much knowledge did he keep hidden until it was said to him:
'Therefore declare openly what you are commanded, and turn away from the polytheists.' (Qur'an 15:94).
،وَ أَيْمُ اللَّهِ أَنْ لَوْ صَدَعَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ لَكَانَ آمِناً،وَ لَكِنَّهُ إِنَّمَا نَظَرَ فِي الطَّاعَةِ وَ خَافَ الْخِلاَفَ،فَلِذَلِكَ كَفَّ،فَوَدِدْتُ أَنْ تَكُونَ عَيْنُكَ مَعَ مَهْدِيِّ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ،وَ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ بِسُيُوفِ آلِ دَاوُدَ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ،تُعَذِّبُ أَرْوَاحَ الْكَفَرَةِ مِنَ الْأَمْوَاتِ،وَ تُلْحِقُ بِهِمْ أَرْوَاحَ أَشْبَاهِهِمْ [2]مِنَ الْأَحْيَاءِ.
"By Allah, if he (the Prophet) had declared openly before that, he would have been safe. However, he looked towards obedience and feared opposition; for this reason, he refrained. I wish that your eyes could behold the Mahdi of this Ummah, while the angels, with the swords of the family of Dawud, stand between the sky and the earth, punishing the souls of the disbelievers from among the dead and joining with them the souls of their counterparts from among the living."
ثُمَّ أَخْرَجَ سَيْفاً،ثُمَّ قَالَ:هَا إِنَّ هَذَا مِنْهَا.قَالَ:فَقَالَ أَبِي:إِي وَ الَّذِي اصْطَفَى مُحَمَّداً عَلَى الْبَشَرِ،قَالَ:فَرَدَّ الرَّجُلُ اعْتِجَارَهُ وَ قَالَ:أَنَا إِلْيَاسُ،مَا سَأَلْتُكَ عَنْ أَمْرِكَ وَ بِي مِنْهُ جَهَالَةٌ،غَيْرَ أَنِّي أَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ قُوَّةً لِأَصْحَابِكَ،وَ سَأُخْبِرُكَ بِآيَةٍ أَنْتَ تَعْرِفُهَا إِنْ خَاصَمُوا بِهَا [3]فَلَجُّوا.
"Then he drew out a sword and said: 'Indeed, this is from them.' My father said: 'Yes, by the One who chose Muhammad over all creation!' The man then adjusted his turban and said: 'I am Ilyas. I did not ask you about your matter due to any ignorance on my part, but rather because I wished for this discussion to be a source of strength for your companions. And I will inform you of a sign which you will recognize; if they argue against it, they will persist obstinately.'"
قَالَ:فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبِي:إِنْ شِئْتَ أَخْبَرْتُكَ بِهَا؟قَالَ:قَدْ شِئْتُ.قَالَ:إِنَّ شِيعَتَنَا إِنْ قَالُوا لِأَهْلِ الْخِلاَفِ لَنَا:إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ لِرَسُولِهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ): إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ إِلَى آخِرِهَا،فَهَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)يَعْلَمُ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ شَيْئاً لاَ يَعْلَمُهُ فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ،أَوْ يَأْتِيهِ بِهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِي غَيْرِهَا؟فَإِنَّهُمْ سَيَقُولُونَ:لاَ،فَقُلْ لَهُمْ:فَهَلْ كَانَ لِمَا عَلِمَ بُدٌّ مِنْ أَنْ يُظْهِرَ؟فَيَقُولُونَ:لاَ،فَقُلْ لَهُمْ:فَهَلْ كَانَ فِيمَا أَظْهَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مِنْ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ اخْتِلاَفٌ؟فَإِنْ قَالُوا:لاَ،فَقُلْ لَهُمْ:فَمَنْ حَكَمَ بِحُكْمِ اللَّهِ فِيهِ اخْتِلاَفٌ،فَهَلْ خَالَفَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)؟فَيَقُولُونَ:نَعَمْ،فَإِنْ قَالُوا:لاَ،فَقَدْ نَقَضُوا أَوَّلَ كَلاَمِهِمْ.فَقُلْ لَهُمْ: مٰا يَعْلَمُ تَأْوِيلَهُ إِلاَّ اللّٰهُ وَ الرّٰاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ [4]فَإِنْ قَالُوا:مَنِ الرَّاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ؟فَقُلْ:مَنْ لاَ يَخْتَلِفُ فِي عِلْمِهِ.
**"My father then said to him: 'If you wish, I will inform you of it.' The man replied: 'I do wish so.' My father said: 'If our followers were to say to the people of opposition: Indeed, Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, says to His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): "Indeed, We sent it down on the Night of Decree" until the end of the verse [Qur'an 97:1-5], then was there any knowledge that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) did not know in that night, or that Jibril (peace be upon him) brought to him on any other night?' They will say: 'No.'
Then say to them: 'Was it necessary for what he knew to be made manifest?' They will say: 'No.' Then say to them: 'Was there any contradiction in what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) revealed from the knowledge of Allah, the Almighty and Glorious?' If they say: 'No,' then say to them: 'So whoever rules by Allah's judgment with contradiction, has he opposed the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family)?' They will say: 'Yes.' If they say: 'No,' then they have contradicted their first statement.
Then say to them: "None knows its interpretation except Allah, and those firm in knowledge" [Qur'an 3:7]. If they ask: 'Who are those firm in knowledge?' then say: 'Those who do not differ in their knowledge.'"**
[1] الحجر 15:94.
[2] في«ج»:أشياعهم.
[3] في«ج»:ن خاصموك فيها.
[4] آل عمران 3:7.
Page 702 in Arabic
فَإِنْ قَالُوا:فَمَنْ هُوَ ذَاكَ؟فَقُلْ:كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)صَاحِبَ ذَلِكَ،فَهَلْ بَلَّغَ أَوْ لاَ؟فَإِنَّ قَالُوا:قَدْ بَلَّغَ، فَقُلْ:هَلْ مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ الْخَلِيفَةُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ يَعْلَمُ عِلْماً لَيْسَ فِيهِ اخْتِلاَفٌ؟فَإِنْ قَالُوا:لاَ،فَقُلْ:إِنَّ خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مُؤَيَّدٌ،وَ لاَ يَسْتَخْلِفُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)إِلاَّ مَنْ يَحْكُمُ بِحُكْمِهِ،وَ إِلاَّ مَنْ يَكُونُ مِثْلَهُ إِلاَّ النُّبُوَّةَ،وَ إِنْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)لَمْ يَسْتَخْلِفْ فِي عِلْمِهِ أَحَداً،فَقَدْ ضَيَّعَ مَنْ فِي أَصْلاَبِ الرِّجَالِ مِمَّنْ يَكُونُ بَعْدَهُ.
فَإِنْ قَالُوا لَكَ:فَإِنَّ عِلْمَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)كَانَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ،فَقُلْ: حم* وَ الْكِتٰابِ الْمُبِينِ* إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ مُبٰارَكَةٍ إِنّٰا كُنّٰا مُنْذِرِينَ* فِيهٰا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ* أَمْراً مِنْ عِنْدِنٰا إِنّٰا كُنّٰا مُرْسِلِينَ [1].
**"If they say to you: 'Who is that?' then say: 'The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) was the one who possessed that knowledge. Did he convey it or not?' If they say: 'Indeed, he conveyed it,' then say: 'Did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) pass away while his successor after him possessed knowledge in which there was no contradiction?'
If they say: 'No,' then say: 'The successor of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) is divinely supported, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) would not appoint a successor unless he ruled by his judgment and was like him in all matters except prophethood. And if the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) did not entrust anyone with his knowledge, then he has abandoned those who are still in the loins of men and who will come after him.'
If they say to you: 'The knowledge of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) was from the Qur'an,' then say: "Ha Meem. By the clear Book! Indeed, We revealed it on a blessed night—surely We ever wish to warn. Therein every wise affair is made distinct. A command from Us—surely We ever send messengers" [Qur'an 44:1-5]."**
فَإِنْ قَالُوا لَكَ:
لاَ يُرْسِلُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلاَّ إِلَى نَبِيٍّ.فَقُلْ:هَذَا الْأَمْرُ الْحَكِيمُ الَّذِي يُفَرِّقُ فِيهِ [2]هُوَ مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ وَ الرُّوحِ الَّتِي تَنْزِلُ مِنَ سَمَاءٍ إِلَى سَمَاءٍ،أَوْ مِنْ سَمَاءٍ إِلَى أَرْضٍ.فَإِنْ قَالُوا:مِنْ سَمَاءٍ إِلَى سَمَاءٍ،فَلَيْسَ فِي السَّمَاءِ أَحَدٌ يَرْجِعُ مِنْ طَاعَةٍ إِلَى مَعْصِيَةٍ،فَإِنَّ قَالُوا:مِنْ سَمَاءٍ إِلَى أَرْضٍ،وَ أَهْلُ الْأَرْضِ أَحْوَجُ الْخَلْقِ إِلَى ذَلِكَ،فَقُلْ:فَهَلْ:لَهُمْ:لاَ بُدَّ مِنْ سَيِّدٍ يَتَحَاكَمُونَ إِلَيْهِ؟ فَإِنْ قَالُوا:فَإِنَّ الْخَلِيفَةَ هُوَ حَكَمُهُمْ،فَقُلْ: اَللّٰهُ وَلِيُّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا يُخْرِجُهُمْ مِنَ الظُّلُمٰاتِ إِلَى النُّورِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: خٰالِدُونَ [3]،لَعَمْرِي مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ لاَ فِي السَّمَاءِ وَلِيٌّ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلاَّ وَ هُوَ مُؤَيَّدٌ،وَ مَنْ أُيِّدَ لَمْ يُخْطِئْ، وَ مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ عَدُوٌّ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ إِلاَّ وَ هُوَ مَخْذُولٌ،وَ مَنْ خُذِلَ لَمْ يُصِبْ،كَمَا أَنَّ الْأَمْرَ لاَ بُدَّ مِنْ تَنْزِيلِهِ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ يَحْكُمُ بِهِ أَهْلُ الْأَرْضِ،كَذَلِكَ وَ لاَ بُدَّ مِنْ وَالِ،فَإِنْ قَالُوا:لاَ نَعْرِفُ هَذَا،فَقُلْ لَهُمْ:قُولُوا مَا أَحْبَبْتُمْ،أَبَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بَعْدَ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَنْ يَتْرُكَ الْعِبَادَ وَ لاَ حُجَّةَ لَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ».
**"If they say to you: 'Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, does not send except to a prophet,' then say: 'This wise command that is made distinct [in that night]—is it [delivered] by the angels and the spirit who descend from one heaven to another, or from heaven to earth?'
If they say: 'From one heaven to another,' then there is no one in the heavens who would return from obedience to disobedience. But if they say: 'From heaven to earth,' and the inhabitants of the earth are in the most need of it, then say: 'Is there not a necessity for a leader among them to whom they refer for judgment?'
If they say: 'The caliph is their judge,' then say: "Allah is the guardian of those who believe. He brings them out of darkness into the light... to the verse: 'They shall abide in it forever'" [Qur'an 2:257]. By my life, there is no guardian of Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, on earth or in the heavens unless he is divinely supported. And whoever is divinely supported does not err. Likewise, there is no enemy of Allah, the Almighty, unless he is forsaken, and whoever is forsaken does not succeed.
Just as the divine command must descend from the heavens for the people of the earth to rule by it, likewise, there must be a guardian [of Allah]. If they say: 'We do not recognize this,' then say to them: 'Say whatever you wish, for Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, after Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), has refused to leave His servants without a proof over them.'"**
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«ثُمَّ وَقَفَ فَقَالَ:هَا هُنَا-يَا بْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ-بَابٌ غَامِضٌ،أَ رَأَيْتَ إِنْ قَالُوا:حُجَّةُ اللَّهِ الْقُرْآنُ؟قَالَ:إِذَنْ أَقُولَ لَهُمْ:إِنَّ الْقُرْآنَ لَيْسَ بِنَاطِقٍ يَأْمُرُ وَ يَنْهَى [4]،وَ لَكِنْ لِلْقُرْآنِ أَهْلٌ يَأْمُرُونَ وَ يَنْهَوْنَ،وَ أَقُولُ:قَدْ عَرَضَتْ لِبَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ مُصِيبَةٌ مَا هِيَ فِي السُّنَّةِ وَ الْحُكْمِ الَّذِي لَيْسَ فِيهِ اخْتِلاَفٌ،وَ لَيْسَتْ فِي الْقُرْآنِ،أَبَي اللَّهُ لِعِلْمِهِ [5]بِتِلْكَ الْفِتْنَةِ أَنْ تَظْهَرَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَ لَيْسَ فِي حُكْمِهِ رَادٌّ لَهَا وَ لاَ مُفَرِّجٌ عَنْ أَهْلِهَا.
**"Abu Abdullah (peace be upon him) said: 'Then he paused and said: Here, O son of the Messenger of Allah, lies a profound matter. What if they say: The proof of Allah is the Qur'an?'
He said: 'Then I would say to them: The Qur'an is not a speaking entity that commands and forbids, but rather, the Qur'an has its people who command and forbid. And I would say: Suppose a calamity befalls some people on earth—a matter that is neither explicitly stated in the Sunnah nor in the ruling that contains no disagreement, and it is not found in the Qur'an—would Allah, in His knowledge of that tribulation, allow it to arise on earth without a decree in His judgment to repel it and relieve those afflicted by it?'"**
فَقَالَ:هَاهُنَا تَفْلُجُونَ يَا بْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ قَدْ عَلِمَ بِمَا يُصِيبُ الْخَلْقَ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَوْ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ مِنَ الدِّينِ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ،فَوَضَعَ الْقُرْآنَ دَلِيلاً.
قَالَ:فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ:هَلْ تَدْرِي-يَا بْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ-اَلْقُرْآنُ [6]دَلِيلُ مَا هُوَ؟قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):نَعَمْ،فِيهِ
[1] الدخان 44:1-5.
[2] في«ج»:يفرق فيها.
[3] البقرة 2:257.
[4] في«ج»:بأمر و نهي.
[5] في«ط،ي»:في علمه.
[6] (القرآن)ليس في المصدر.
Page 703 in Arabic
جُمَلُ الْحُدُودِ وَ تَفْسِيرُهَا عِنْدَ الْحَكَمِ،فَقَدْ أَبَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يُصِيبَ عَبْداً بِمُصِيبَةٍ فِي دِينِهِ أَوْ فِي نَفْسِهِ أَوْ فِي مَالِهِ لَيْسَ فِي أَرْضِهِ مِنْ حُكْمِهِ قَاضٍ بِالصَّوَابِ فِي تِلْكَ الْمُصِيبَةِ.
**"He said: 'Here, you prevail, O son of the Messenger of Allah! I bear witness that Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has knowledge of whatever afflicts creation—whether a calamity on earth or within themselves, be it in religion or otherwise—and thus, He placed the Qur'an as a guide.'
He said: 'Then the man asked: Do you know, O son of the Messenger of Allah, what the Qur'an is a guide for?'
Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him) replied: 'Yes, within it are the general outlines of the rulings, but their interpretation lies with the ruler. For Allah has refused to allow a servant to be afflicted with a trial—whether in his religion, himself, or his wealth—without there being, in His land, a judge from His decree who rules correctly concerning that affliction.'"**
قَالَ:فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ:أَمَّا فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ فَقَدْ فَلَجْتُمْ بِحُجَّةٍ،إِلاَّ أَنْ يَفْتَرِيَ خَصْمُكُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ فَيَقُولَ:لَيْسَ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ حُجَّةٌ،وَ لَكِنْ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ تَفْسِيرِ لِكَيْلاٰ تَأْسَوْا عَلىٰ مٰا فٰاتَكُمْ مِمَّا خُصَّ بِهِ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) وَ لاٰ تَفْرَحُوا بِمٰا آتٰاكُمْ [1]قَالَ:فِي أَبِي فُلاَنٍ وَ أَصْحَابِهِ،وَ وَاحِدَةٌ مُقَدَّمَةٌ،وَ وَاحِدَةٌ مُؤَخَّرَةٌ،لاَ تَأْسَوْا عَلَى مَا فَاتَكُمْ مِمَّا خُصَّ بِهِ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ لاَ تَفْرَحُوا بِمَا آتَاكُمْ مِنَ الْفِتْنَةِ الَّتِي عَرَضَتْ لَكُمْ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ).فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ:
أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْحُكْمِ الَّذِي لاَ اخْتِلاَفَ فِيهِ.ثُمَّ قَامَ الرَّجُلُ وَ ذَهَبَ فَلَمْ أَرَهُ».
He said: Then the man said, "As for this matter, you have prevailed with an argument, except if your opponent falsely attributes a lie to Allah and says: Allah, exalted be His remembrance, has no proof. But inform me about the interpretation of the verse:
لِكَيْلاٰ تَأْسَوْا عَلىٰ مٰا فٰاتَكُمْ وَ لاٰ تَفْرَحُوا بِمٰا آتٰاكُمْ "So that you may not grieve for what has escaped you, nor be exultant at what He has given you;" (Quran 57:23, M.H. Shakir)
He (Abu Ja‘far, peace be upon him) replied: "It refers to a certain individual and his companions—one statement being placed before, and the other being placed after. It means: 'Do not grieve over what you have missed from that which was specifically granted to Ali (peace be upon him), and do not rejoice over what you have received from the tribulation that befell you after the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family).'"
Then the man said, "I bear witness that you are the possessors of the judgment in which there is no dispute." Then the man stood up and left, and I did not see him again.
99-/11764 _3- وَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «بَيْنَا أَبِي جَالِسٌ وَ عِنْدَهُ نَفَرٌ إِذْ اسْتَضْحَكَ حَتَّى اغْرَوْرَقَتْ عَيْنَاهُ دُمُوعاً،ثُمَّ قَالَ:هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَا أَضْحَكَنِي؟قَالَ:فَقَالُوا:لاَ.قَالَ:زَعَمَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ مِنَ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا رَبُّنَا اللَّهُ ثُمَّ اسْتَقَامُوا،فَقُلْتُ لَهُ:هَلْ رَأَيْتَ الْمَلاَئِكَةَ-يَا بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ-تُخْبِرُكَ بِوَلاَيَتِهَا لَكَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَ الْآخِرَةِ مِنَ الْأَمْنِ مِنَ الْخَوْفِ وَ الْحُزْنِ؟قَالَ:فَقَالَ:إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: إِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ إِخْوَةٌ [2]وَ قَدْ دَخَلَ فِي هَذَا جَمِيعُ الْأُمَّةِ، فَاسْتَضْحَكْتُ،ثُمَّ قُلْتُ:صَدَقْتَ يَا بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ،أَنْشُدُكَ اللَّهَ،هَلْ فِي حُكْمِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ اخْتِلاَفٌ؟قَالَ:فَقَالَ:لاَ.
99-/11764
And from Abu ‘Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said: "While my father was sitting and a group of people were with him, he suddenly laughed until his eyes filled with tears. Then he said: 'Do you know what made me laugh?'
They replied: 'No.'
He said: 'Ibn ‘Abbas claims that he is among those who say: "Our Lord is Allah, then they remain steadfast" (Quran 41:30). So I asked him: Have you seen the angels informing you of their guardianship over you in this world and the Hereafter, ensuring safety from fear and sorrow?'
He replied: 'Indeed, Allah, Blessed and Exalted be He, says: "The believers are but brothers" (Quran 49:10), and thus the entire nation is included in this.'
So I laughed, and then I said: 'You have spoken the truth, O Ibn ‘Abbas! I ask you, by Allah, is there any disagreement in the judgment of Allah, Exalted be His remembrance?'
He replied: 'No.'"
فَقُلْتُ:مَا تَرَى فِي رَجُلٍ ضَرَبَ رَجُلاً أَصَابِعَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ حَتَّى سَقَطَتْ،ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ وَ أَتَى رَجُلٌ آخَرُ فَأَطَارَ كَفَّهُ، فَأُتِيَ بِهِ إِلَيْكَ وَ أَنْتَ قَاضٍ،كَيْفَ أَنْتَ صَانِعٌ؟قَالَ:أَقُولُ لِهَذَا الْقَاطِعِ،أَعْطِهِ دِيَةَ كَفِّهِ،وَ أَقُولُ لِهَذَا الْمَقْطُوعِ:صَالِحْهُ عَلَى مَا شِئْتَ وَ أَبْعَثُ بِهِ إِلَى ذَوِي عَدْلٍ.قُلْتُ:جَاءَ الاِخْتِلاَفُ فِي حُكْمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ،وَ نَقَضْتَ الْقَوْلَ الْأَوَّلَ،أَبَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ أَنْ يُحْدِثَ فِي خَلْقِهِ شَيْئاً مِنَ الْحُدُودِ وَ لَيْسَ تَفْسِيرُهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ،اقْطَعْ قَاطِعِ الْكَفِّ أَصْلاً،ثُمَّ أَعْطِهِ دِيَةَ الْأَصَابِعِ،هَذَا حُكْمُ اللَّهِ لَيْلَةَ يَنْزِلُ فِيهَا أَمْرُهُ،إِنْ جَحَدْتَهَا بَعْدَ مَا سَمِعْتَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فَأَدْخَلَكَ اللَّهُ النَّارَ،كَمَا أَعْمَى بَصَرَكَ يَوْمَ جَحَدْتَهَا عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ).قَالَ:فَلِذَلِكَ عَمِيَ بَصَرِي،وَ قَالَ:وَ مَا عِلْمُكَ بِذَلِكَ؟فَوَ اللَّهِ إِنْ عَمِيَ بَصَرِي إِلاَّ مِنْ صَفْقَةِ جَنَاحِ الْمَلَكِ،
So I said: "What do you think about a man who struck another man’s fingers with a sword, causing them to fall off, then left, and another man came and severed his hand? Then he is brought before you while you are the judge—how would you rule?"
He replied: "I would tell the one who cut off his hand to pay the compensation for the hand, and I would tell the one whose hand was cut off to settle with him on whatever he wishes, and I would send them to people of justice."
I said: "Here arises the contradiction in the judgment of Allah, Exalted be His remembrance, and you have contradicted your first statement. Allah, Exalted be His remembrance, refuses to establish a ruling among His creation without its interpretation being established on earth. Cut off the hand of the one who severed the palm completely, and then pay him the compensation for the fingers. This is the judgment of Allah on the night when His decree descends. If you deny it after hearing it from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), then may Allah cast you into the Fire, just as He blinded your sight on the day you denied the authority of Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him)."
He said: "That is why I lost my sight." Then he asked: "How do you know this? By Allah, my sight was not taken except by the flap of an angel’s wing!"
قَالَ:فَاسْتَضْحَكْتُ،ثُمَّ تَرَكْتُهُ يَوْمَهُ ذَلِكَ لِسَخَافَةِ عَقْلِهِ،ثُمَّ لَقِيتُهُ فَقُلْتُ:يَا بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ،مَا تَكَلَّمْتَ بِصِدْقٍ مِثْلَ أَمْسِ،قَالَ لَكَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):إِنَّ لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ،وَ إِنَّهُ يَنْزِلُ فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ أَمْرُ السَّنَةِ،وَ إِنَّ لِذَلِكَ الْأَمْرِ وُلاَةً بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)؟فَقُلْتَ:مَنْ هُمْ؟فَقَالَ:
أَنَا وَ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ مِنْ صُلْبِي أَئِمَّةٌ مُحَدَّثُونَ.فَقُلْتَ:لاَ أَرَاهَا كَانَتْ إِلاَّ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَتَبَدَّى لَكَ الْمُلْكُ الَّذِي يُحَدِّثُهُ.فَقَالَ:كَذَبْتَ يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ،رَأَتْ عَيْنَايَ الَّذِي حَدَّثَكَ بِهِ عَلِيٌّ،وَ لَمْ تَرَهُ عَيْنَاهُ،وَ لَكِنْ وَعَاهُ قَلْبُهُ،وَ وَقَرَ فِي سَمْعِهِ.ثُمَّ صَفَقَكَ بِجَنَاحِهِ فَعَمِيتَ.
_3) -الكافي 1:2/191،و في سند الحديث الحسن بن العبّاس بن الحريش،قال فيه العلاّمة:ضعيف جدا،و قال ابن الغضائري:ضعيف الرأي،روى عن أبي جعفر الثاني(عليه السّلام)فضل إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ كتابا مصنّفا فاسد الألفاظ،مخايله تشهد على أنّه موضوع،و هذا الرجل لا يلتفت إليه و لا يكتب
_3) - Al-Kāfī 1:2/191
And in the chain of narration of this hadith, there is al-Ḥasan ibn al-ʿAbbās ibn al-Ḥarīsh. Al-ʿAllāmah said about him: "He is extremely weak." Ibn al-Ghaḍāʾirī said: "He has weak opinions. He narrated from Abū Jaʿfar al-Thānī (peace be upon him) about the merits of Innā Anzalnāhu fī Laylat al-Qadr (Surah al-Qadr), a compiled book with corrupt wording, whose indications testify that it is fabricated. This man is not to be considered reliable, nor should his narrations be written."
حديثه.الخلاصة:13/214.
[1] الحديد 57:23.
[2] الحجرات 49:10.
Page 704 in Arabic
قال:فقال ابن عبّاس:ما اختلفنا في شيء فحكمه إلى اللّه.فقلت له:فهل حكم اللّه في حكم من حكمه بأمرين؟قال:لا.فقلت:ها هنا هلكت و أهلكت».
He said: "So I laughed, then I left him that day because of the foolishness of his mind. Then I met him and said: 'O Ibn Abbas, you have never spoken the truth as you did yesterday. Did not Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) tell you that the Night of Decree (Laylat al-Qadr) occurs every year, that the decree of the year descends on that night, and that this decree has guardians after the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family)?'
So you asked: 'Who are they?' And he replied: 'I and eleven from my lineage—Imams who are inspired (muhaddathun).'
Then you said: 'I do not see that it was except with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family),' and so the angel who speaks to him manifested to you.
Then he said: 'You have lied, O Abdullah! My eyes saw what Ali (peace be upon him) told you, but his eyes did not see it, rather his heart perceived it, and his ears received it. Then the angel struck you with his wing, and you became blind.'"
Then Ibn Abbas said: "Whatever we have disagreed upon, its judgment is with Allah."
So I asked him: "Has Allah ever ruled in a matter with two different judgments?"
He replied: "No."
So I said: "Here is where you have perished, and you have caused others to perish."
99-/11765 _4- وَ عَنْهُ:بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ،عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ: فِيهٰا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ [1]يَقُولُ:يَنْزِلُ فِيهَا كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ،وَ الْمُحْكَمُ لَيْسَ بِشَيْئَيْنِ،إِنَّمَا هُوَ شَيْءٌ وَاحِدٌ،فَمَنْ حَكَمَ بِمَا لَيْسَ فِيهِ اخْتِلاَفٌ فَحُكْمُهُ مِنْ حُكْمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،وَ مَنْ حَكَمَ بِأَمْرٍ فِيهِ اخْتِلاَفٌ فَرَأَى أَنَّهُ مُصِيبٌ فَقَدْ حَكَمَ بِحُكْمِ الطَّاغُوتِ،إِنَّهُ لَيَنْزِلُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ إِلَى وَلِيِّ الْأَمْرِ تَفْسِيرُ الْأُمُورِ سَنَةً سَنَةً،يُؤْمَرُ فِيهَا فِي أَمْرِ نَفْسِهِ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا، وَ فِي أَمْرِ النَّاسِ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا،وَ إِنَّهُ لَيَحْدُثُ لِوَلِيِّ الْأَمْرِ سِوَى ذَلِكَ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مِنْ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ ذِكْرُهُ الْخَاصُّ وَ الْمَكْنُونُ الْعَجِيبُ الْمَخْزُونُ مِثْلُ مَا يَنْزِلُ فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ»ثُمَّ قَرَأَ وَ لَوْ أَنَّ مٰا فِي الْأَرْضِ مِنْ شَجَرَةٍ أَقْلاٰمٌ وَ الْبَحْرُ يَمُدُّهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ سَبْعَةُ أَبْحُرٍ مٰا نَفِدَتْ كَلِمٰاتُ اللّٰهِ إِنَّ اللّٰهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ [2].
99-/11765 _4-
And from him, with this chain of narration, from Abū Jaʿfar (peace be upon him), he said: "Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, said in Laylat al-Qadr: ‘Therein every wise affair is made distinct.’ [Qur'an 44:4] That is, every wise matter is sent down therein. And what is firm (muḥkam) is not two things; rather, it is one thing. Whoever rules by that in which there is no disagreement, his judgment is from the judgment of Allah, the Almighty and Majestic. And whoever judges in a matter in which there is disagreement and believes that he is correct, then he has judged by the judgment of the Tāghūt (false authority).
Indeed, on Laylat al-Qadr, the interpretation of affairs for the entire year is sent down to the Waliyy al-Amr (the divinely appointed guardian of affairs). He is commanded regarding his own affairs with such and such, and regarding the people’s affairs with such and such. And beyond that, every day, Waliyy al-Amr receives new knowledge from Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, knowledge that is exclusive, concealed, wondrous, and treasured, similar to what is revealed on that night concerning the decree."
Then he recited:
"And were every tree on earth to be pens, and the sea, with seven more seas to add to it, the words of Allah would not be exhausted; surely Allah is Mighty, Wise." [Qur'an 31:27]
99-/11766 _5- وَ عَنْهُ:بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ)يَقُولُ:
إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،أَنْزَلَ[اللَّهُ]الْقُرْآنَ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ وَ مٰا أَدْرٰاكَ مٰا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):لاَ أَدْرِي.قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ لَيْسَ فِيهَا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ.قَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):وَ هَلْ تَدْرِي لِمَ هِيَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ؟قَالَ:لاَ.قَالَ:لِأَنَّهَا تَنَزَّلُ فِيهَا الْمَلاَئِكَةُ وَ الرُّوحُ بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ مِنْ كُلِّ أَمْرٍ،وَ إِذَا أَذِنَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِشَيْءٍ فَقَدْ رَضِيَهُ سَلاٰمٌ هِيَ حَتّٰى مَطْلَعِ الْفَجْرِ يَقُولُ:تُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَلاَئِكَتِي وَ رُوحِي بِسَلاَمِي مِنْ أَوَّلِ مَا يَهْبِطُونَ إِلَى مَطْلَعِ الْفَجْرِ.
99-/11766 _5- And from him: with this chain of narration, from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said:
"Ali ibn al-Husayn (may the blessings of Allah be upon him) used to say: ‘Surely We revealed it on the Grand Night’ (صدق الله عز وجل). Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed the Quran on the Grand Night.
"And what will make you comprehend what the Grand Night is?" (Quran 97:2)
The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: "I do not know."
Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, said:
"The Grand Night is better than a thousand months" (Quran 97:3), in which there is no Grand Night.
He (Allah) said to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family): "And do you know why it is better than a thousand months?"
He (the Prophet) said: "No."
He (Allah) said: "Because on it the angels and the Spirit descend by the permission of their Lord for every affair." (Quran 97:4)
And when Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, commands something, then He has approved it:
"Peace! it is till the break of the morning." (Quran 97:5)
He said: "My angels and My Spirit send peace upon you, O Muhammad, with My peace, from the moment they descend until the break of dawn."
ثُمَّ قَالَ فِي بَعْضِ كِتَابِهِ: وَ اتَّقُوا فِتْنَةً لاٰ تُصِيبَنَّ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا مِنْكُمْ خَاصَّةً [3]فِي إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ ، وَ قَالَ فِي بَعْضِ كِتَابِهِ: وَ مٰا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلاّٰ رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَ فَإِنْ مٰاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلىٰ أَعْقٰابِكُمْ وَ مَنْ يَنْقَلِبْ عَلىٰ عَقِبَيْهِ فَلَنْ يَضُرَّ اللّٰهَ شَيْئاً وَ سَيَجْزِي اللّٰهُ الشّٰاكِرِينَ [4]يَقُولُ فِي الْآيَةِ الْأُولَى:إِنَّ مُحَمَّداً حِينَ يَمُوتُ يَقُولُ أَهْلُ الْخِلاَفِ لِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ:مَضَتْ لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَهَذِهِ فِتْنَةٌ أَصَابَتْهُمْ خَاصَّةً،وَ بِهَا ارْتَدُّوا عَلَى أَعْقَابِهِمْ لِأَنَّهُمْ إِنْ قَالُوا:لَمْ تَذْهَبْ،فَلاَ بُدَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لِلَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهَا أَمْرٌ،وَ إِذَا أَقَرُّوا بِالْأَمْرِ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مِنْ صَاحِبِ الْأَمْرِ بُدَّ».
Then He said in part of His Book:
"And guard yourselves against a chastisement which cannot fall exclusively on those of you who are unjust" (Quran 8:25) in ‘Surely We revealed it on the Grand Night’.
And He said in another part of His Book:
"And Muhammad is no more than a messenger; the messengers have already passed away before him; if then he dies or is killed will you turn back upon your heels? And whoever turns back upon his heels, he will by no means do harm to Allah in the least; and Allah will reward the grateful." (Quran 3:144)
He (Imam) said regarding the first verse:
"Indeed, when Muhammad dies, the people who opposed the command of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, will say: ‘The Grand Night has passed away along with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family).’ This is the trial that afflicted them specifically, and by it, they turned back upon their heels. Because if they were to say: ‘It has not passed away,’ then there must necessarily be a divine command regarding it. And if they acknowledge the command, then there must necessarily be one who holds authority over it."
99-/11767 _6- وَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «كَانَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)كَثِيراً مَا يَقُولُ:مَا اجْتَمَعَ التَّيْمِيُّ وَ الْعَدَوِيُّ
_4) -الكافي 1:3/192.
_5) -الكافي 1:4/193.
_6) -الكافي 1:5/193.
[1] الدخان 44:5.
[2] لقمان 31:27.
[3] الأنفال 8:25.
[4] آل عمران 3:144.
Page 705 in Arabic
عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ هُوَ يَقْرَأُ: إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ بِتَخَشُّعٍ وَ بُكَاءٍ،فَيَقُولاَنِ:مَا أَشَدَّ رِقَّتَكَ لِهَذِهِ [1]السُّورَةِ!فَيَقُولُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):لِمَا رَأَتْ عَيْنِي وَ وَعَى قَلْبِي،وَ لِمَا يَرَى قَلْبُ هَذَا مِنْ بَعْدِي،فَيَقُولاَنِ:وَ مَا الَّذِي رَأَيْتَ وَ مَا الَّذِي يَرَى؟قَالَ:فَيَكْتُبُ لَهُمَا فِي التُّرَابِ تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ وَ الرُّوحُ فِيهٰا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ مِنْ كُلِّ أَمْرٍ .
99-/11767 _6- And from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said:
"Ali (peace be upon him) would often say: ‘The Taymi and the Adawi would gather in the presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) while he was reciting: "Surely We revealed it on the Grand Night" (Quran 97:1) with humility and tears. They would say: "How deeply you are moved by this surah!"
So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) would say: "Because of what my eyes have seen, what my heart has perceived, and what the heart of this one (Ali) will perceive after me."
They would then ask: "And what is it that you have seen, and what will he perceive?"
He (the Prophet) would then write for them on the ground:
"The angels and the Spirit descend in it by the permission of their Lord for every affair." (Quran 97:4)
قَالَ:ثُمَّ يَقُولُ:هَلْ بَقِيَ شَيْءٌ بَعْدَ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: كُلِّ أَمْرٍ ؟فَيَقُولاَنِ:لاَ،فَيَقُولُ:هَلْ تَعْلَمَانِ مَنِ الْمُنْزَلُ إِلَيْهِ بِذَلِكَ؟فَيَقُولاَنِ:أَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ.فَيَقُولُ:نَعَمْ.فَيَقُولُ:هَلْ تَكُونُ لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ مِنْ بَعْدِي؟فَيَقُولاَنِ:نَعَمْ،قَالَ:
فَيَقُولُ:فَهَلْ يَنْزِلُ ذَلِكَ الْأَمْرُ فِيهَا؟فَيَقُولاَنِ:نَعَمْ.فَيَقُولُ:إِلَى مَنْ؟فَيَقُولاَنِ:لاَ نَدْرِي،فَيَأْخُذُ بِرَأْسِي وَ يَقُولُ:إِنْ لَمْ تَدْرِيَا فَادْرِيَا،هُوَ هَذَا مِنْ بَعْدِي،قَالَ:فَإِنْ كَانَا لَيَعْرِفَانِ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مِنْ شِدَّةِ مَا يُدَاخِلُهُمَا مِنَ الرُّعْبِ».
He (the Prophet) said: "Then he (Ali) would say: ‘Is there anything left after the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: "For every affair" (Quran 97:4)?’"
They would reply: "No."
Then he (Ali) would ask: "Do you know to whom it is sent down?"
They would say: "To you, O Messenger of Allah."
He (the Prophet) would say: "Yes."
Then he would ask: "Will the Grand Night continue after me?"
They would say: "Yes."
Then he would ask: "Will that command continue to be sent down in it?"
They would say: "Yes."
Then he would ask: "To whom?"
They would reply: "We do not know."
So he (the Prophet) would take hold of my (Ali's) head and say: "If you do not know, then know now—he is this one after me."
He (Ali) said: "Indeed, they would recognize that night after the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) due to the intense fear that would grip them."
99-/11768 _7- وَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «يَا مَعْشَرَ الشِّيعَةِ،خَاصِمُوا بِسُورَةِ إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ تَفْلُجُوا،فَوَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهَا لَحُجَّةُ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى عَلَى الْخَلْقِ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ إِنَّهَا لَسَيِّدَةُ دِينِكُمْ،وَ إِنَّهَا لَغَايَةُ عِلْمِنَا.يَا مَعْشَرَ الشِّيعَةِ،خَاصِمُوا بِ حَم* وَ الْكِتٰابِ الْمُبِينِ* إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ مُبٰارَكَةٍ إِنّٰا كُنّٰا مُنْذِرِينَ [2]فَإِنَّهَا لِوُلاَةِ الْأَمْرِ خَاصَّةً بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ).يَا مَعْشَرَ الشِّيعَةِ،يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: وَ إِنْ مِنْ أُمَّةٍ إِلاّٰ خَلاٰ فِيهٰا نَذِيرٌ [3]».
قِيلَ:يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ،نَذِيرُهَا مُحَمَّدٌ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)؟فَقَالَ:«صَدَقْتَ،فَهَلْ كَانَ نَذِيرٌ وَ هُوَ حَيٌّ مِنَ الْبِعْثَةِ فِي أَقْطَارِ الْأَرْضِ؟».فَقَالَ السَّائِلُ:لاَ،قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«أَ رَأَيْتَ بَعْثَهُ [4]،أَ لَيْسَ [5]نَذِيرَهُ؟كَمَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) فِي بَعْثِهِ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ نَذِيرٌ».فَقَالَ:بَلَى.قَالَ:«فَكَذَلِكَ لَمْ يَمُتْ مُحَمَّدٌ إِلاَّ وَ لَهُ بَعِيثٌ نَذِيرٌ».
99-/11768 _7- And from Abu Ja'far (peace be upon him), who said:
*"O community of Shia, argue with the surah ‘Surely We revealed it on the Grand Night’ (Quran 97:1), and you will be victorious. By Allah, it is indeed the proof of Allah, Blessed and Exalted, over creation after the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family). It is the chief of your religion, and it is the ultimate extent of our knowledge.
O community of Shia, argue with:
‘Ha Mim. By the Book that makes manifest (the truth). Surely We revealed it on a blessed night—surely We are ever warning’ (Quran 44:1-3),
for it is exclusively for the authorities of the affair after the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family).
O community of Shia, Allah, Blessed and Exalted, says:
‘And there is not a nation but a warner has gone among them’ (Quran 35:24).’”
It was asked: “O Abu Ja'far, is its warner Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family)?”
He said: “You have spoken the truth. But was there a warner while he was alive, from his time of being sent forth, in all corners of the earth?”
The questioner replied: “No.”
Abu Ja'far (peace be upon him) said: “Have you considered his dispatching (of others)? Was not his envoy also a warner, just as the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) was a warner by being sent forth from Allah, the Mighty and Majestic?”
The questioner replied: “Indeed.”
He said: “Thus, Muhammad did not pass away except that he had a dispatched warner (after him).”
قَالَ السَّائِلُ:يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ،كَأَنَّ هَذَا أَمْرٌ خَاصٌّ،لاَ يَحْتَمِلُهُ الْعَامَّةُ؟قَالَ:«أَبَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يُعْبَدَ إِلاَّ سِرّاً حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ إِبَّانُ [6]أَجَلِهِ الَّذِي يُظْهِرُ فِيهِ دِينَهُ،كَمَا أَنَّهُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مَعَ خَدِيجَةَ(عَلَيْهَا السَّلاَمُ)مُسْتَتِراً [7]حَتَّى أُمِرَ
_7) -الكافي 1:6/193.
[1] في«ج»:أشدّ رأفتك بهذه.
[2] الدخان 44:1-3.
[3] فاطر 35:24.
[4] في«ط»و المصدر:بعيثه.
[5] في«ج»:ليس.
[6] إبّان الشيء:حينه أو أجله.
[7] في«ج»:مستقرا.
Page 706 in Arabic
بِالْإِعْلاَنِ».
He (Abu Ja'far) said: "So if you say: ‘No,’ then indeed, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) has abandoned those who were still in the loins of men from his nation."
The questioner asked: "But is the Quran not sufficient for them?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "Yes, if they find someone to interpret it for them."
The questioner asked: "Did the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) not interpret it?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "Indeed, he did interpret it for one man and explained to the nation the status of that man. And he is Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him).”
The questioner said: "O Abu Ja'far, it seems this is a matter specific (to a few) and not something the general public can bear?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "Allah has refused to be worshipped except in secrecy until the time arrives when He will manifest His religion, just as the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) remained concealed with Khadijah (peace be upon her) until he was commanded to proclaim openly."
قَالَ السَّائِلُ:فَيَنْبَغِي لِصَاحِبِ هَذَا الدِّينِ أَنْ يَكْتُمَ؟قَالَ:«أَ وَ مَا كَتَمَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَوْمَ أَسْلَمَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)حَتَّى ظَهَرَ أَمْرُهُ؟».قَالَ:بَلَى.قَالَ:«فَكَذَلِكَ أَمْرُنَا حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْكِتَابُ أَجَلَهُ».
The questioner asked: "So should the one who holds this religion conceal it?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "Did not Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) conceal (his faith) on the day he accepted Islam with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) until his affair became manifest?"
The questioner said: "Indeed."
He (Abu Ja'far) said: "Likewise is our matter until the decree of the Book reaches its appointed time."
99-/11769 _8- وَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لَقَدْ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ أَوَّلَ مَا خَلَقَ الدُّنْيَا،وَ لَقَدْ خَلَقَ فِيهَا أَوَّلَ نَبِيٍّ يَكُونُ،وَ أَوَّلَ وَصِيٍّ يَكُونُ،وَ لَقَدْ قَضَى أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ لَيْلَةٌ يَهْبِطُ فِيهَا بِتَفْسِيرِ الْأُمُورِ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا مِنَ السَّنَةِ الْمُقْبِلَةِ،مَنْ جَحَدَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ رَدَّ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ عِلْمَهُ،لِأَنَّهُ لاَ يَقُومُ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ وَ الرُّسُلُ وَ الْمُحَدَّثُونَ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَكُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ حُجَّةٌ بِمَا يَأْتِيهِمْ فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ مَعَ الْحُجَّةِ الَّتِي يَأْتِيهِمْ بِهَا جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».
قُلْتُ:وَ الْمُحَدَّثُونَ أَيْضاً يَأْتِيهِمْ جَبْرَئِيلُ أَوْ غَيْرُهُ مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)؟قَالَ:«أَمَّا الْأَنْبِيَاءُ وَ الرُّسُلُ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ)فَلاَ شَكَّ،وَ لاَ بُدَّ لِمَنْ سِوَاهُمْ مِنْ أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ خُلِقَتْ فِيهِ الْأَرْضُ إِلَى آخِرِ فَنَاءِ الدُّنْيَا أَنْ يَكُونَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ [1]الْأَرْضِ حُجَّةٌ يَنْزِلُ ذَلِكَ فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ إِلَى مَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ
99-/11769 _8- And from Abu Ja'far (peace be upon him), who said:
"Indeed, Allah, Glorious is His mention, created the Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr) as the first thing He created when He made this world. And in it, He created the first prophet to be, and the first successor to be. And He has decreed that in every year, there will be a night in which the explanation of affairs descends for the following year. Whoever denies this has rejected the knowledge of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, for prophets, messengers, and the divinely inspired (muhaddathun) cannot function except that they have a proof of what comes to them on that night, along with the proof that Jibra'il (peace be upon him) brings to them."
I (the narrator) asked: "Do the divinely inspired (muhaddathun) also receive Jibra'il or other angels (peace be upon them)?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "As for the prophets and messengers (peace be upon them), there is no doubt. And as for those besides them, from the first day the earth was created until the final end of this world, there must always be a proof (hujjah) upon the earth, to whom that (divine decree) descends on that night, to whomever among His servants He wills."
،وَ أَيْمُ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ نَزَلَ الرُّوحُ وَ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ بِالْأَمْرِ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ عَلَى آدَمَ،وَ أَيْمُ اللَّهِ مَا مَاتَ آدَمُ إِلاَّ وَ لَهُ وَصِيٌّ،وَ كُلُّ مَنْ بَعْدَ آدَمَ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ قَدْ أَتَاهُ الْأَمْرُ فِيهَا،وَ وَضَعَ لِوَصِيِّهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ،وَ أَيْمُ اللَّهِ إِنْ كَانَ [2]النَّبِيُّ لَيُؤْمَرُ فِيمَا يَأْتِيهِ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ مِنْ آدَمَ إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَنْ أَوْصِ إِلَى فُلاَنٍ،وَ لَقَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ لِوُلاَةِ الْأَمْرِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)خَاصَّةً: وَعَدَ اللّٰهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنْكُمْ وَ عَمِلُوا الصّٰالِحٰاتِ لَيَسْتَخْلِفَنَّهُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ كَمَا اسْتَخْلَفَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ
تَعَالَى: فَأُولٰئِكَ هُمُ الْفٰاسِقُونَ [3].
**"By Allah, indeed, the Spirit and the angels descended with the command on the Grand Night upon Adam. And by Allah, Adam did not pass away except that he had a successor. Every prophet after Adam received the command on that night and appointed his successor after him.
By Allah, indeed, every prophet—from Adam to Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family)—was commanded regarding the affair that would come to him on that night, to appoint so-and-so as his successor.
And indeed, Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, has said in His Book, specifically for the authorities of the affair after Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family):
'Allah has promised to those of you who believe and do good that He will most certainly make them rulers in the earth as He made rulers those before them...' until His saying:
'...then these it is that are the transgressors.' (Quran 24:55)"
يَقُولُ:أَسْتَخْلِفُكُمْ لِعِلْمِي وَ دِينِي وَ عِبَادَتِي بَعْدَ نَبِيِّكُمْ،كَمَا اسْتَخْلَفَ وُصَاةَ آدَمَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ حَتَّى يُبْعَثَ النَّبِيُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ يَعْبُدُونَنِي لاٰ يُشْرِكُونَ بِي شَيْئاً يَقُولُ:يَعْبُدُونَنِي بِإِيمَانٍ لاَ نَبِيَّ بَعْدَ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،فَمَنْ قَالَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ فَأُولٰئِكَ هُمُ الْفٰاسِقُونَ فَقَدْ مَكَّنَ وُلاَةَ الْأَمْرِ بَعْدَ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)بِالْعِلْمِ،وَ نَحْنُ هُمْ،فَاسْأَلُونَّا فَإِنْ صَدَقْنَاكُمْ فَأَقِرُّوا،وَ مَا أَنْتُمْ بِفَاعِلِينَ،أَمَّا عِلْمُنَا فَظَاهِرٌ،وَ أَمَّا إِبَّانُ أَجَلِنَا الَّذِي يَظْهَرُ فِيهِ الدِّينُ مِنَّا حَتَّى لاَ يَكُونَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ اخْتِلاَفٌ،فَإِنَّ لَهُ أَجَلاً مِنْ مَمَرِّ اللَّيَالِي وَ الْأَيَّامِ،إِذَا أَتَى ظَهَرَ،وَ كَانَ الْأَمْرُ وَاحِداً.
He (Abu Ja'far) said:
"He (Allah) says: ‘I will make you successors (on the earth) for My knowledge, My religion, and My worship after your Prophet, just as I made the successors of Adam after him, until the next prophet is sent, so they worship Me and do not associate anything with Me.’
He says: ‘They will worship Me with faith, as there will be no prophet after Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family). So whoever says otherwise, then they are the transgressors.’
Thus, He has granted the authorities of the affair after Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family) knowledge—and we are they. So ask us, and if we tell you the truth, then acknowledge it. But you will not do so.
As for our knowledge, it is manifest. And as for the time of our destined period, when the religion will be established through us so that there will be no division among the people—that has an appointed time, determined by the passing of nights and days. When that time comes, it will manifest, and the affair will be one and united."
وَ أَيْمُ اللَّهِ،لَقَدْ قَضَى الْأَمْرَ أَنْ لاَ يَكُونَ بَيْنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اخْتِلاَفٌ،وَ لِذَلِكَ جَعَلَهُمُ شُهَدَاءَ عَلَى النَّاسِ لِيَشْهَدَ مُحَمَّدٌ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)عَلَيْنَا،وَ لِنَشْهَدَ عَلَى شِيعَتِنَا،وَ لِتَشْهَدَ شِيعَتُنَا عَلَى النَّاسِ،أَبَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي حُكْمِهِ اخْتِلاَفٌ أَوْ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ عِلْمِهِ تَنَاقُضٌ».
ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«فَضْلُ إِيمَانِ الْمُؤْمِنِ بِجُمْلَةِ إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ وَ تَفْسِيرِهَا،عَلَى مَنْ لَيْسَ مِثْلَهُ فِي الْإِيمَانِ بِهَا،كَفَضْلِ الْإِنْسَانِ عَلَى الْبَهَائِمِ،وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَيَدْفَعُ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِهَا عَنِ الْجَاحِدِينَ لَهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا لِكَمَالِ
_8) -الكافي 1:7/194.
[1] في المصدر:أهل.
[2] «كان»ليس في«ج».
[3] النور 24:55.
Page 707 in Arabic
عَذَابِ الْآخِرَةِ لِمَنْ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ لاَ يَتُوبُ مِنْهُمْ مَا يَدْفَعُ بِالْمُجَاهِدِينَ عَنِ الْقَاعِدِينَ،وَ لاَ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ فِي هَذَا الزَّمَانِ جِهَاداً إِلاَّ الْحَجَّ وَ الْعُمْرَةَ وَ الْجِوَارَ».
"By Allah, indeed, He has decreed that there should be no division among the believers. For this reason, He made them witnesses over the people, so that Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family) may bear witness over us, and we may bear witness over our Shia, and our Shia may bear witness over the people. Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, has refused to have any contradiction in His judgment or any inconsistency among the people of His knowledge."
Then Abu Ja'far (peace be upon him) said:
**"The superiority of a believer’s faith in the entirety of ‘Surely We revealed it’ (Quran 97:1) and its interpretation, over one who does not have the same level of faith in it, is like the superiority of a human over animals. And indeed, Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, repels (punishment) from the deniers of it in this world through those who believe in it, so that their punishment in the Hereafter may be complete—for those whom He knows will never repent—just as He repels (harm) from the inactive ones through the efforts of the fighters in His cause.
And I do not know of any jihad in this time except Hajj, Umrah, and living in proximity (to the sacred places).”**
99-/11770 _9-قَالَ:وَ قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):يَا بْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،لاَ تَغْضَبْ عَلَيَّ.قَالَ:«لِمَاذَا؟».قَالَ:لِمَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَكَ عَنْهُ.قَالَ:«قُلْ».قَالَ:وَ لاَ تَغْضَبْ.قَالَ:«وَ لاَ أَغْضَبُ».قَالَ:أَ رَأَيْتَ قَوْلَكَ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ،تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ وَ الرُّوحُ فِيهَا إِلَى الْأَوْصِيَاءِ،يَأْتُونَهُمْ بِأَمْرٍ لَمْ يَكُنْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)قَدْ عَلِمَهُ،[أَوْ يَأْتُونَهُمْ بِأَمْرٍ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)يَعْلَمُهُ]وَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)مَاتَ وَ لَيْسَ مِنْ عِلْمِهِ شَيْءٌ إِلاَّ وَ عَلِيٌّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)لَهُ وَاعٍ؟ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«مَا لِي وَ مَا لَكَ أَيُّهَا الرَّجُلُ،وَ مَنْ أَدْخَلَكَ عَلَيَّ»؟قَالَ:أَدْخَلَنِي عَلَيْكَ الْقَضَاءُ لِطَلَبِ الدِّينِ
99-/11770 _9-
A man said to Abu Ja'far (peace be upon him): "O son of the Messenger of Allah, do not be angry with me."
He (Abu Ja'far) said: "Why?"
The man replied: "Because of what I wish to ask you."
He (Abu Ja'far) said: "Ask."
The man said: "And do not be angry."
He (Abu Ja'far) said: "I will not be angry."
The man asked: "Regarding what you say about the Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr)—that the angels and the Spirit descend in it to the successors—do they bring them something that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) did not know? Or do they bring them something that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) already knew? And I know that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) passed away while there was nothing of his knowledge except that Ali (peace be upon him) had retained it."
Abu Ja'far (peace be upon him) said: "What have I to do with you, O man? And who allowed you to come to me?"
The man replied: "The decree brought me to you in search of religion."
،قَالَ:«فَافْهَمْ مَا أَقُولُ لَكَ،إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)لَمَّا أُسْرِيَ بِهِ لَمْ يَهْبِطْ حَتَّى أَعْلَمَهُ اللَّهُ جَلَّ ذِكْرُهُ عِلْمَ مَا قَدْ كَانَ وَ مَا سَيَكُونُ،وَ كَانَ كَثِيرٌ مِنْ عِلْمِهِ ذَلِكَ جُمَلاً يَأْتِي تَفْسِيرُهَا فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ،وَ كَذَلِكَ كَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)قَدْ عَلِمَ جُمَلَ الْعِلْمِ،وَ يَأْتِي تَفْسِيرُهُ فِي لَيَالِي الْقَدْرِ،كَمَا كَانَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)».
قَالَ السَّائِلُ:أَ وَ مَا كَانَ فِي الْجُمَلِ تَفْسِيرُهُ؟قَالَ:«بَلَى،وَ لَكِنَّهُ إِنَّمَا يَأْتِي بِالْأَمْرِ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى فِي لَيَالِي الْقَدْرِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ إِلَى الْأَوْصِيَاءِ:اِفْعَلْ كَذَا وَ كَذَا،لِأَمْرٍ قَدْ كَانُوا عَلِمُوهُ،أُمِرُوا كَيْفَ يَعْمَلُونَ فِيهِ».
قُلْتُ:فَسِّرْ لِي هَذَا؟قَالَ:«لَمْ يَمُتْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)إِلاَّ حَافِظاً لِجُمْلَةِ الْعِلْمِ وَ تَفْسِيرِهِ».
He (Abu Ja'far) said:
**"Then understand what I say to you. Indeed, when the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) was taken on the Night Journey (Isra), he did not descend until Allah, Glorious is His mention, had taught him the knowledge of all that had been and all that would be. Much of that knowledge was given to him in summarized form, and its interpretation would come on the Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr).
Likewise, Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) had knowledge in summarized form, and its interpretation would come to him on the Grand Nights, just as it did with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family).”**
The questioner asked: "Was the interpretation already contained within the summarized knowledge?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "Yes, but the command from Allah, Blessed and Exalted, would come on the Grand Nights to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and to the successors (awsiya), instructing them: ‘Do such and such,’ regarding matters they already knew. They would then be commanded on how to act concerning it."
I said: "Explain this to me further."
He (Abu Ja'far) said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) did not pass away except that he had preserved both the summarized knowledge and its interpretation."
قُلْتُ:فَالَّذِي كَانَ يَأْتِيهِ فِي لَيَالِي الْقَدْرِ،عِلْمُ مَا هُوَ؟قَالَ:«الْأَمْرُ وَ الْيُسْرُ فِيمَا كَانَ قَدْ عَلِمَ».
قَالَ السَّائِلُ:فَمَا يَحْدُثُ لَهُمْ فِي لَيَالِي الْقَدْرِ عِلْمٌ سِوَى مَا عَلِمُوا؟قَالَ:«هَذَا مِمَّا أُمِرُوا بِكِتْمَانِهِ،وَ لاَ يَعْلَمُ تَفْسِيرَ مَا سَأَلْتَ عَنْهُ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ».
قَالَ السَّائِلُ:فَهَلْ يَعْلَمُ الْأَوْصِيَاءُ مَا لاَ يَعْلَمُ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ؟قَالَ:«لاَ،وَ كَيْفَ يَعْلَمُ وَصِيٌّ غَيْرَ عِلْمِ مَا أُوصِيَ إِلَيْهِ؟».
قَالَ السَّائِلُ:فَهَلْ يَسَعُنَا أَنْ نَقُولَ:إِنَّ أَحَداً مِنَ الْوُصَاةِ يَعْلَمُ مَا لاَ يَعْلَمُ الْآخَرُ؟قَالَ:«لاَ،لَمْ يَمُتْ نَبِيٌّ إِلاَّ وَ عِلْمُهُ فِي جَوْفِ وَصِيِّهِ،وَ إِنَّمَا تَنَزُّلُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ وَ الرُّوحُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ بِالْحُكْمِ الَّذِي يُحْكَمُ بِهِ بَيْنَ الْعِبَادِ».
قَالَ السَّائِلُ:وَ مَا كَانُوا عَلِمُوا ذَلِكَ الْحُكْمَ؟قَالَ:«بَلَى،قَدْ عَلِمُوهُ،وَ لَكِنَّهُمْ لاَ يَسْتَطِيعُونَ إِمْضَاءَ شَيْءٍ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يُؤْمَرُوا فِي لَيَالِي الْقَدْرِ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُونَ إِلَى السَّنَةِ الْمُقْبِلَةِ».قَالَ السَّائِلُ:يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ،لاَ أَسْتَطِيعُ إِنْكَارَ هَذَا؟قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«مَنْ أَنْكَرَهُ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا».
I asked: "So the knowledge that would come to him on the Grand Nights (Layali al-Qadr), what kind of knowledge was it?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "It was the command and the facilitation regarding what he had already known."
The questioner asked: "So do they receive new knowledge on the Grand Nights apart from what they already knew?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "This is among the matters they have been commanded to keep secret, and none knows the interpretation of what you are asking about except Allah, the Mighty and Majestic."
The questioner asked: "Do the successors (awsiya) know what the prophets do not know?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "No. How could a successor know anything beyond what was entrusted to him?"
The questioner asked: "Then can we say that one of the successors knows something that another does not?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "No. No prophet has ever passed away except that his knowledge was preserved in the heart of his successor. And indeed, the angels and the Spirit descend on the Grand Night with the judgment by which the affairs of the servants will be decided."
The questioner asked: "Did they not already know that judgment?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "Yes, they knew it, but they are not able to enact any part of it until they are commanded on the Grand Nights regarding how they should proceed for the coming year."
The questioner said: "O Abu Ja'far, I cannot deny this."
Abu Ja'far (peace be upon him) replied: "Whoever denies it is not from us."
«لاَ يَحِلُّ لَكَ أَنْ تَسْأَلَ عَنْ هَذَا،أَمَّا عِلْمُ مَا كَانَ وَ مَا يَكُونُ؟فَلَيْسَ يَمُوتُ نَبِيٌّ وَ لاَ وَصِيٌّ إِلاَّ وَ الْوَصِيُّ الَّذِي بَعْدَهُ يَعْلَمُهُ، أَمَّا هَذَا الْعِلْمُ الَّذِي تَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ،فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَبَى أَنْ يُطْلِعَ الْأَوْصِيَاءَ عَلَيْهِ إِلاَّ أَنْفُسَهُمْ».
قَالَ السَّائِلُ:يَا بْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ،كَيْفَ أَعْرِفُ أَنَّ لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ تَكُونُ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ؟قَالَ:«إِذَا أَتَى شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ فَاقْرَأْ
_9) -الكافي 1:8/195.
Page 708 in Arabic
سُورَةَ الدُّخَانِ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ،فَإِذَا أَتَتْ لَيْلَةُ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ فَإِنَّكَ نَاظِرٌ إِلَى تَصْدِيقِ الَّذِي سَأَلْتَ عَنْهُ».
The questioner asked: "O Abu Ja'far, tell me, did the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) receive on the Grand Nights (Layali al-Qadr) something that he had not already known?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "It is not permissible for you to ask about this. As for the knowledge of what has been and what will be, no prophet or successor ever dies except that the successor after him knows it. But as for the knowledge you are asking about, Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, has refused to make it known to the successors except for themselves."
The questioner asked: "O son of the Messenger of Allah, how can I know that the Grand Night occurs every year?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "When the month of Ramadan comes, recite Surah al-Dukhan a hundred times every night. Then, when the twenty-third night arrives, you will witness the confirmation of what you have asked about."
99-/11771 _10- وَ قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «لَمَا تَرَوْنَ مَنْ بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِلشَّقَاءِ عَلَى أَهْلِ الضَّلاَلَةِ مِنْ أَجْنَادِ الشَّيَاطِينِ وَ أَرْوَاحِهِمْ [1]أَكْثَرُ مِمَّا تَرَوْنَ مَعَ [2]خَلِيفَةِ اللَّهِ الَّذِي بَعَثَهُ لِلْعَدْلِ وَ الصَّوَابِ مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ»قِيلَ:
يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ،وَ كَيْفَ يَكُونُ شَيْءٌ أَكْثَرَ مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ؟قَالَ:«كَمَا يَشَاءُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ».
قَالَ السَّائِلُ:يَا أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ،إِنِّي لَوْ حَدَّثْتُ بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِنَا الشِّيعَةِ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ لَأَنْكَرُوهُ،قَالَ:«كَيْفَ يُنْكِرُونَهُ؟» قَالَ:يَقُولُونَ:إِنَّ الْمَلاَئِكَةَ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)أَكْثَرُ مِنَ الشَّيَاطِينِ.قَالَ:«صَدَقْتَ،افْهَمْ عَنِّي مَا أَقُولُ لَكَ،إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ يَوْمٍ وَ لاَ لَيْلَةٍ إِلاَّ وَ جَمِيعُ الْجِنِّ وَ الشَّيَاطِينِ تَزُورُ أَئِمَّةَ الضَّلاَلَةِ،وَ تَزُورُ أَئِمَّةَ [3]الْهُدَى،عَدَدُهُمْ مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ،حَتَّى إِذَا أَتَتْ لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ فَهَبَطَ [4]فِيهَا مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ إِلَى وَلِيِّ الْأَمْرِ،خَلْقُ اللَّهِ-أَوْ قَالَ:قَيَّضَ اللَّهُ-عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنَ الشَّيَاطِينِ بِعَدَدِهِمْ ثُمَّ زَارُوا وَلِيَّ الضَّلاَلَةِ فَأَتَوْهُ بِالْإِفْكِ وَ الْكَذِبِ حَتَّى لَعَلَّهُ يُصْبِحُ فَيَقُولُ:رَأَيْتُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا،
99-/11771 _10-
And he (Abu Ja'far, peace be upon him) said:
"Do you not see that those whom Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, has sent for the misfortune of the people of misguidance—the armies of devils and their spirits—are more in number than those who descend with Allah’s vicegerent, whom He has sent for justice and righteousness, from among the angels?"
It was asked: "O Abu Ja'far, how can anything be greater in number than the angels?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "As Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, wills."
The questioner said: "O Abu Ja'far, if I were to narrate this hadith to some of our Shia companions, they would reject it."
He (Abu Ja'far) asked: "How would they reject it?"
The questioner said: "They say that the angels (peace be upon them) are more numerous than the devils."
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: **"You have spoken the truth. Now understand what I say to you. There is not a single day or night except that all the jinn and devils visit the leaders of misguidance, and they also visit the leaders of guidance—their number among the angels is equal.
But when the Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr) arrives, the angels descend upon the authority of the affair (Wali al-Amr), and Allah—Glorious and Mighty—appoints an equal number of devils who then visit the authority of misguidance.
They come to him with lies and fabrications so that by morning he may say, ‘I have seen such and such.’"**
فَلَوْ سُئِلَ وَلِيُّ الْأَمْرِ عَنْ ذَلِكَ لَقَالَ:
رَأَيْتَ شَيْطَاناً أَخْبَرَكَ بِكَذَا وَ كَذَا حَتَّى يُفَسِّرَ لَهُ تَفْسِيراً وَ يُعَلِّمَهُ الضَّلاَلَةَ الَّتِي هُوَ عَلَيْهَا،وَ أَيْمُ اللَّهِ إِنَّ مَنْ صَدَّقَ بِلَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ لِيَعْلَمَ أَنَّهَا لَنَا خَاصَّةٌ،لِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)لِعَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)حِينَ دَنَا مَوْتُهُ:هَذَا وَلِيُّكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِي،فَإِنْ أَطَعْتُمُوهُ رَشَدْتُمْ،وَ لَكِنْ مَنْ لاَ يُؤْمِنُ بِمَا فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ مُنْكِرٌ،وَ مَنْ آمَنَ بِلَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ مِمَّنْ عَلَى غَيْرِ رَأْيِنَا فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَسَعُهُ فِي الصِّدْقِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَقُولَ:إِنَّهَا لَنَا،وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَقُلْ،فَإِنَّهُ كَاذِبٌ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ أَنْ يُنْزِلَ الْأَمْرَ مَعَ الرُّوحِ وَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ إِلَى كَافِرٍ فَاسِقٍ،فَإِنْ قَالَ:إِنَّهُ يُنْزِلُ إِلَى الْخَلِيفَةِ الَّذِي هُوَ عَلَيْهَا،فَلَيْسَ قَوْلُهُمْ ذَلِكَ بِشَيْءٍ،وَ إِنْ قَالُوا:إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ يُنْزِلُ إِلَى أَحَدٍ،فَلاَ يَكُونُ أَنْ يُنْزَلَ شَيْءٌ إِلَى غَيْرِ شَيْءٍ،وَ إِنْ قَالُوا؛وَ سَيَقُولُونَ:لَيْسَ هَذَا بِشَيْءٍ؟فَقَدْ ضَلُّوا ضَلاَلاً بَعِيداً».
**"So if the authority of the affair (Wali al-Amr) were asked about that, he would say: ‘You saw a devil who informed you of such and such,’ and he would then interpret it for him and teach him the misguidance upon which he is.
By Allah, indeed, whoever believes in the Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr) must know that it is exclusively for us. This is because the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family), when his death approached, said to Ali (peace be upon him): ‘This is your guardian after me. If you obey him, you will be rightly guided.’
But whoever does not believe in what occurs on the Grand Night is a denier. And whoever believes in the Grand Night but does not share our view, then he has no choice, if he is truthful, but to say that it belongs to us. And whoever does not say so is a liar.
Indeed, Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, is too great to send down the command with the Spirit and the angels to a disbeliever and a transgressor.
If they say: ‘It is sent down to the caliph who is upon it,’ then their statement holds no weight.
And if they say: ‘It is not sent down to anyone,’ then it is not possible for something to be sent down to nothing.
And if they say—and they surely will say—‘This is nothing of importance,’ then they have gone far astray."**
99-/11772 _11- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ،عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ، عَنْ حَسَّانَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ،فَقَالَ:«الْتَمِسْهَا لَيْلَةَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ،أَوْ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ».
99-/11772 _11- And from him: from several of our companions, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Ali ibn al-Hakam, from Saif ibn Amira, from Hassan ibn Mihran, from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said:
"I asked him about the Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr), and he said: ‘Seek it on the night of the twenty-first or the twenty-third.’"
99-/11773 _12- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجَوْهَرِيِّ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ،قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ[لَهُ]أَبُو بَصِيرٍ:
جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،اللَّيْلَةُ الَّتِي يُرْجَى فِيهَا مَا يُرْجَى؟فَقَالَ:«فِي إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ،أَوْ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ».قَالَ:فَإِنْ لَمْ أَقْوَ
_10) -الكافي 1:9/196.
_11) -الكافي 4:1/156.
_12) -الكافي 4:2/156.
[1] في المصدر:و أزواجهم.
[2] (مع)ليس في المصدر.
[3] في المصدر:و يزور إمام.
[4] في«ط»و المصدر:فيهبط.
Page 709 in Arabic
عَلَى كِلْتَيْهِمَا؟فَقَالَ:«مَا أَيْسَرَ لَيْلَتَيْنِ فِيمَا تَطْلُبُ!».
قُلْتُ:فَرُبَّمَا رَأَيْنَا الْهِلاَلَ عِنْدَنَا،وَ جَاءَنَا مَنْ يُخْبِرُنَا بِخِلاَفِ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَرْضٍ أُخْرَى؟فَقَالَ:«مَا أَيْسَرَ أَرْبَعَ لَيَالٍ تَطْلُبُهَا فِيهَا!».
قُلْتُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،لَيْلَةُ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةُ الْجُهَنِيِّ [1]؟فَقَالَ:«إِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَيُقَالُ».
قُلْتُ:جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ،إِنَّ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنَ خَالِدٍ رَوَى:فِي تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ[يُكْتَبُ]وَفْدُ الْحَاجِّ؟فَقَالَ لِي:«يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ، وَفْدُ الْحَاجِّ يُكْتَبُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ وَ الْمَنَايَا وَ الْبَلاَيَا وَ الْأَرْزَاقُ وَ مَا يَكُونُ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا فِي قَابِلٍ،فَاطْلُبْهَا فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى [ وَ عِشْرِينَ] وَ ثَلاَثٍ [وَ عِشْرِينَ] [2]،وَ صَلِّ فِي كُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا مِائَةَ رَكْعَةٍ،وَ أَحْيِهِمَا إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ إِلَى النُّورِ،وَ اغْتَسِلْ فِيهِمَا».
99-/11773 _12-
And from him: from several of our companions, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from al-Husayn ibn Sa’id, from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad al-Jawhari, from Ali ibn Abi Hamza al-Thumali, who said:
I was with Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him), when Abu Basir asked him:
"May I be your ransom! Which is the night in which one may hope to receive what is sought?"
He (Abu Abdillah) replied: "On the twenty-first or the twenty-third night."
Abu Basir asked: "What if I am unable to observe both?"
He (Abu Abdillah) replied: "How easy it is to observe just two nights for what you seek!"
I asked: "Sometimes we see the crescent moon in our land, but then we receive news from another land that differs from our sighting?"
He (Abu Abdillah) replied: "How easy it is to seek it over four nights!"
I asked: "May I be your ransom! Is the twenty-third night the night of al-Juhani?"
He (Abu Abdillah) replied: "That is what is said."
I asked: "May I be your ransom! Sulayman ibn Khalid narrated that on the nineteenth night, the delegation of the pilgrims (Wafd al-Hajj) is recorded?"
He (Abu Abdillah) said to me: **"O Abu Muhammad, the delegation of the pilgrims is recorded on the Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr), as well as destinies, afflictions, provisions, and all that will happen until its equivalent night in the coming year. So seek it on the twenty-first and twenty-third nights.
Pray one hundred rak’ahs on each of them, spend the night in worship until dawn if you can, and perform ghusl on both nights."**
قَالَ:قُلْتُ:فَإِنْ لَمْ أَقْدِرْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَ أَنَا قَائِمٌ؟قَالَ:«فَصَلِّ وَ أَنْتَ جَالِسٌ».قُلْتُ:فَإِنْ لَمْ أَسْتَطِعْ؟قَالَ:«فَعَلَى فِرَاشِكَ،لاَ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَكْتَحِلَ أَوَّلَ اللَّيْلِ بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ النَّوْمِ،إِنَّ أَبْوَابَ السَّمَاءِ تُفَتَّحُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ تُصَفَّدُ الشَّيَاطِينُ، وَ تُقْبَلُ أَعْمَالُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ،نِعْمَ الشَّهْرُ رَمَضَانُ،كَانَ يُسَمَّى عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)الْمَرْزُوقَ».
I asked: "What if I am unable to do that while standing?"
He (Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him) replied: "Then pray while sitting."
I asked: "And if I cannot do that?"
He (Abu Abdillah) replied: **"Then pray on your bed. There is no harm if you take a little sleep at the beginning of the night. Indeed, the gates of the heavens are opened in the month of Ramadan, the devils are chained, and the deeds of the believers are accepted.
What a blessed month Ramadan is! During the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family), it was called ‘the month of provision.’"**
99-/11774 _13- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ أَيُّوبَ،عَنِ الْعَلاَءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ عَلاَمَةِ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ؟فَقَالَ:
«عَلاَمَتُهَا أَنْ تَطِيبَ رِيحُهَا،وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ فِي بَرْدٍ دَفِئَتْ،وَ إِنْ كَانَتْ فِي حَرٍّ بَرَدَتْ وَ طَابَتْ».
قَالَ:وَ سُئِلَ عَنْ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ.فَقَالَ:«تَنَزَّلُ فِيهَا الْمَلاَئِكَةُ وَ الْكَتَبَةُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا،فَيَكْتُبُونَ مَا يَكُونُ فِي أَمْرِ السَّنَةِ وَ مَا يُصِيبُ الْعِبَادَ،وَ أَمْرُهُ عِنْدَهُ مَوْقُوفٌ[لَهُ]،وَ فِيهِ الْمَشِيئَةُ،فَيُقَدِّمُ[مِنْهُ]مَا يَشَاءُ وَ يُؤَخِّرُ مِنْهُ مَا يَشَاءُ.وَ يَمْحُو وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ».
99-/11774 _13-
And from him: from several of our companions, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from al-Husayn ibn Sa'id, from Fadala ibn Ayyub, from al-Ala' ibn Razin, from Muhammad ibn Muslim, from one of them (peace be upon them), who said:
I asked him about the signs of the Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr).
He replied: "Its sign is that its breeze will be pleasant. If it is in cold weather, it will become warm, and if it is in hot weather, it will become cool and pleasant."
He was also asked about the Grand Night.
He said: **"On it, the angels and the scribes descend to the lowest heaven, and they record what will happen in the affairs of the year and what will befall the servants. Its decree remains with Him, and in it is His will—He brings forward from it whatever He wills and delays from it whatever He wills.
He erases and confirms (what He wills), and with Him is the Mother of the Book (Umm al-Kitab)."**
99-/11775 _14- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،[قَالُوا]:قَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا،وَ لاَ أَعْلَمُهُ إِلاَّ سَعِيدَ السَّمَّانَ:كَيْفَ تَكُونُ لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ خَيْراً مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ؟قَالَ:«الْعَمَلُ فِيهَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْعَمَلِ فِي أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ لَيْسَ فِيهَا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ».
99-/11775 _14-
And from him: from Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abi Umair, from more than one person, from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him).
[They said:] One of our companions—whom I do not know except to be Sa'id al-Samman—asked him:
"How is the Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr) better than a thousand months?"
He (Abu Abdillah) replied:
"The deeds performed in it are better than the deeds performed in a thousand months in which there is no Grand Night."
99-/11776 _15- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ،عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «نَزَلَتِ التَّوْرَاةُ فِي سِتٍّ مَضَتْ مِنْ
_13) -الكافي 4:3/157.
_14) -الكافي 4:4/157.
_15) -الكافي 4:5/157.
[1] قال المجلسي(رحمه اللّه):قوله(عليه السّلام):«ليلة الجهني»إشارة إلى ما رواه في الفقيه عن زرارة عن أحدهما(عليهما السّلام)قال:سألته عن الليالي الّتي يستحب فيها الغسل في شهر رمضان فقال:ليلة تسع عشرة،و ليلة إحدى و عشرين،و ليلة ثلاث و عشرين،و قال:ليلة ثلاث و عشرين هي ليلة الجهني و حديثه:أنّه قال لرسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله):إن منزلي ناء عن المدينة فمرني بليلة أدخل فيها فأمر بليلة ثلاث و عشرين،ثمّ قال الصدوق(رحمه اللّه):و اسم الجهني عبد اللّه بن أنيس الأنصاري.«مرآة العقول 16:382،من لا يحضره الفقيه 2:461/103».
[1] Al-Majlisi (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
The saying of the Imam (peace be upon him), "The Night of al-Juhani," refers to what was narrated in Al-Faqih from Zurara, from one of them (peace be upon them), who said:
"I asked him about the nights in which it is recommended to perform ghusl in the month of Ramadan."
He replied: "The night of the nineteenth, the night of the twenty-first, and the night of the twenty-third."
Then he said: "The night of the twenty-third is the Night of al-Juhani."
And regarding his story: He (al-Juhani) said to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family):
"My home is far from Medina, so command me with a night in which I should enter (the city)."
The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) instructed him to come on the night of the twenty-third.
Then al-Saduq (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The name of al-Juhani is Abdullah ibn Anis al-Ansari."
(Mir'aat al-‘Uqool 16:382; Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih 2:461/103).
[2] في المصدر:إحدى و عشرين و ثلاث و عشرين.
Page 710 in Arabic
شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ،وَ نَزَلَ الْإِنْجِيلُ فِي اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً مَضَتْ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ،وَ نَزَلَ الزَّبُورُ فِي لَيْلَةِ ثَمَانِيَ عَشْرَةَ مَضَتْ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ،وَ نَزَلَ الْقُرْآنُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ».
99-/11776 _15-
And from him: from Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from al-Husayn ibn Sa’id, from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad, from Ali ibn Abi Hamza, from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said:
"The Torah was revealed on the sixth night of the month of Ramadan, The Gospel (Injil) was revealed on the twelfth night of the month of Ramadan, The Psalms (Zabur) was revealed on the eighteenth night of the month of Ramadan, And the Quran was revealed on the Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr)."
99-/11777 _16- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ،عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ وَ زُرَارَةَ وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ حُمْرَانَ ،أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ مُبٰارَكَةٍ [1]،قَالَ:«نَعَمْ لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ،وَ هِيَ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ،فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ،فَلَمْ يُنْزَلِ الْقُرْآنُ إِلاَّ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ،قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: فِيهٰا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ [2]قَالَ:يُقَدَّرُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ يَكُونُ فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا مِنْ قَابِلٍ خَيْرٍ وَ شَرٍّ وَ طَاعَةٍ وَ مَعْصِيَةٍ وَ مَوْلُودٍ وَ أَجَلٍ أَوْ رِزْقٍ،فَمَا قُدِّرَ فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ وَ قُضِيَ فَهُوَ الْمَحْتُومُ،وَ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِيهِ الْمَشِيئَةُ».
قَالَ:قُلْتُ: لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ عَنَى بِذَلِكَ؟فَقَالَ:«الْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ فِيهَا مِنَ الصَّلاَةِ وَ الزَّكَاةِ وَ أَنْوَاعِ الْخَيْرِ،خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْعَمَلِ فِي أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ لَيْسَ فِيهَا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ،وَ لَوْ لاَ مَا يُضَاعِفُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ،مَا بَلَغُوا،وَ لَكِنَّ اللَّهَ يُضَاعِفُ لَهُمُ الْحَسَنَاتِ».
99-/11777 _16-
And from him: from Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abi Umair, from Umar ibn Udhaynah, from al-Fudayl, Zurara, and Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Humran, who asked Abu Ja'far (peace be upon him) about the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic:
"Surely We revealed it on a blessed night." (Quran 44:3)
He (Abu Ja'far) said: **"Yes, it is the Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr), and it occurs every year in the month of Ramadan, in the last ten nights. The Quran was revealed only on the Grand Night. Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says:
'Therein every wise affair is made distinct.' (Quran 44:4)
He (Abu Ja'far) said: "On the Grand Night, everything that will occur in that year until the next is decreed—whether good or evil, obedience or disobedience, birth, death, or sustenance. What is decreed in that year and finalized is inevitable. However, Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, still holds the power of His will over it."
I asked: "‘The Grand Night is better than a thousand months’—what does that mean?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "The righteous deeds performed in it—such as prayer, charity, and various acts of goodness—are better than deeds performed in a thousand months that do not contain the Grand Night. If it were not for the fact that Allah, Blessed and Exalted, multiplies rewards for the believers, they would not attain much. But Allah increases their good deeds manifold."
99-/11778 _17- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ،عَنِ السَّيَّارِيِّ،عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ دَاوُدَ ابْنِ فَرْقَدٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي يَعْقُوبُ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ رَجُلاً يَسْأَلُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنْ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ،فَقَالَ: أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ،كَانَتْ أَوْ تَكُونُ فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ؟فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«لَوْ رُفِعَتْ لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ لَرُفِعَ الْقُرْآنُ».
99-/11778 _17-
And from him: from Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Muhammad ibn Ahmad, from al-Sayyari, from some of our companions, from Dawud ibn Farqad, who said:
Ya'qub narrated to me, saying:
I heard a man ask Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him) about the Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr), saying:
"Tell me, is the Grand Night something that has passed, or does it occur every year?"
Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him) replied:
"If the Grand Night were to be removed, then the Quran would be removed as well."
99-/11779 _18- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمُؤْمِنِ،عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ وَ نَاسٌ يَسْأَلُونَهُ،يَقُولُونَ:إِنَّ الْأَرْزَاقَ تُقْسَمُ لَيْلَةَ النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ؟ قَالَ:فَقَالَ:«لاَ وَ اللَّهِ،مَا ذَاكَ إِلاَّ فِي لَيْلَةِ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ وَ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ،فَإِنَّهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ يَلْتَقِي الْجَمْعَانِ،وَ فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ،وَ فِي لَيْلَةِ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ يُمْضَى مَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ،وَ هِيَ لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ الَّتِي قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَ عَزَّ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ .
قَالَ:قُلْتُ:مَا مَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ:«يَلْتَقِي الْجَمْعَانِ؟»قَالَ:«يَجْمَعُ اللَّهُ فِيهَا مَا أَرَادَ مِنْ تَقْدِيمِهِ وَ تَأْخِيرِهِ وَ إِرَادَتِهِ وَ قَضَائِهِ».
قَالَ:قُلْتُ:فَمَا مَعْنَى يُمْضِيهِ فِي ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ؟قَالَ:«إِنَّهُ يُفْرَقُ [3]فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ إِمْضَاؤُهُ،وَ يَكُونُ لَهُ فِيهِ الْبَدَاءُ،فَإِذَا كَانَتْ لَيْلَةُ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ أَمْضَاهُ،فَيَكُونُ مِنَ الْمَحْتُومِ الَّذِي لاَ يَبْدُو[لَهُ]فِيهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى».
99-/11779 _18-
And from him: from Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Muhammad ibn Ahmad, from Muhammad ibn Isa, from Abu Abdillah al-Mu’min, from Ishaq ibn Ammar, who said:
I heard him speaking while people were asking him, saying:
"It is said that sustenance is distributed on the fifteenth night of Sha’ban?"
He (Abu Abdillah, peace be upon him) replied:
**"No, by Allah! That only occurs on the nineteenth night of Ramadan, the twenty-first, and the twenty-third.
On the nineteenth night, the affairs are gathered together. On the twenty-first night, every wise affair is made distinct. On the twenty-third night, Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, finalizes what He has decreed.
And it is the Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr), about which Allah, Glorious and Majestic, says:
'The Grand Night is better than a thousand months.' (Quran 97:3)"
I asked: "What does it mean that ‘the affairs are gathered’?"
He (Abu Abdillah) replied: "Allah gathers in it whatever He wills of bringing forward and delaying, His intentions and His decrees."
I asked: "What does it mean that it is finalized on the twenty-third night?"
He (Abu Abdillah) replied: "On the twenty-first night, the decree is determined, but there is still the possibility of alteration. However, when the twenty-third night arrives, it is finalized, and it becomes part of the inevitable decree (al-mahtoom), in which there is no change by Allah, Blessed and Exalted."
_16) -الكافي 4:6/157.
_17) -الكافي 4:7/158.
_18) -الكافي 4:8/158.
[1] الدخان 44:3.
[2] الدخان 44:4.
[3] في المصدر:يفرقه.
Page 711 in Arabic
99-/11780 _19- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ،عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ،عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،قَالَ:قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «التَّقْدِيرُ فِي لَيْلَةِ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ،وَ الْإِبْرَامُ فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ،وَ الْإِمْضَاءُ فِي لَيْلَةِ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ
».
99-/11780 _19-
And from him: from several of our companions, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Ali ibn al-Hakam, from Ibn Bukayr, from Zurara, who said:
Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him) said:
"The decree is made on the nineteenth night, It is confirmed on the twenty-first night, And it is finalized on the twenty-third night."
99-/11781 _20- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ،وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى الْقَمَّاطِ،عَنْ عَمِّهِ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «أُرِيَ [1]رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)[فِي مَنَامِهِ]بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ يَصْعَدُونَ عَلَى مِنْبَرِهِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَ يُضِلُّونَ النَّاسَ عَنِ الصِّرَاطِ الْقَهْقَرَى،فَأَصْبَحَ [كَئِيباً]حَزِيناً،قَالَ:فَهَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ جَبْرَئِيلُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،فَقَالَ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،مَا لِي أَرَاكَ كَئِيباً حَزِيناً؟قَالَ:يَا جَبْرَئِيلُ،إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ فِي لَيْلَتِي هَذِهِ يَصْعَدُونَ مِنْبَرِي مِنْ بَعْدِي،وَ يُضِلُّونَ النَّاسَ عَنِ الصِّرَاطِ الْقَهْقَرَى!فَقَالَ:وَ الَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيّاً،إِنَّنِي مَا اطَّلَعْتُ عَلَيْهِ؛فَعَرَجَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ،فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ أَنْ نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ بِآيٍ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ يُؤْنِسُهُ بِهَا[قَالَ]:
أَ فَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ مَتَّعْنٰاهُمْ سِنِينَ* ثُمَّ جٰاءَهُمْ مٰا كٰانُوا يُوعَدُونَ* مٰا أَغْنىٰ عَنْهُمْ مٰا كٰانُوا يُمَتَّعُونَ [2] ،وَ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ* وَ مٰا أَدْرٰاكَ مٰا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ* لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ لِنَبِيِّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)خَيْراً مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرِ مُلْكِ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ».
99-/11781 _20-
And from him: from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Ali ibn al-Hasan, from Muhammad ibn al-Walid and Muhammad ibn Ahmad, from Yunus ibn Ya’qub, from Ali ibn Isa al-Qammat, from his uncle, from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said:
"The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) was shown in his sleep the Banu Umayyah ascending his pulpit after him and leading people astray, turning them away from the right path in reverse. He woke up sorrowful and distressed.
Jibra'il (peace be upon him) descended upon him and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, why do I see you sorrowful and distressed?'
He (the Prophet) replied: 'O Jibra'il, I saw Banu Umayyah in my dream tonight ascending my pulpit after me, leading people astray, turning them away from the right path in reverse!'
Jibra'il said: 'By the One who sent you with the truth as a Prophet, I had no knowledge of this!'
Then he ascended to the heavens, and soon he returned with verses of the Quran to console him:
"Have you then considered if We let them enjoy themselves for years, then there comes to them that with which they are threatened, that which they were made to enjoy shall not avail them?" (Quran 26:205-207)
And He revealed to him:
"Surely We revealed it on the Grand Night. And what will make you comprehend what the Grand Night is? The Grand Night is better than a thousand months." (Quran 97:1-3)
Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, made the Grand Night for His Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) better than a thousand months of the rule of Banu Umayyah."**
99-/11782 _21- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ،عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ،عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ[هِيَ]أَوَّلُ السَّنَةِ وَ هِيَ آخِرُهَا».
99-/11782 _21-
And from him: from Muhammad ibn Yahya, from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn, from Ibn Faddal, from Abi Jamilah, from Rifa'ah, from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said:
"The Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr) is the beginning of the year, and it is its end."
99-/11783 _22- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا،عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ،عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ،عَنْ رَبِيعٍ الْمُسْلِيِّ،وَ زِيَادِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْحَلاَّلِ،ذَكَرَاهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «فِي لَيْلَةِ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ التَّقْدِيرُ،وَ فِي لَيْلَةِ إِحْدَى وَ عِشْرِينَ الْقَضَاءُ،وَ فِي لَيْلَةِ ثَلاَثٍ وَ عِشْرِينَ إِبْرَامُ مَا يَكُونُ فِي السَّنَةِ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا لِلَّهِ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ،يَفْعَلُ مَا يَشَاءُ فِي خَلْقِهِ».
99-/11783 _22-
And from him: from several of our companions, from Sahl ibn Ziyad, from Ali ibn al-Hakam, from Rabi’ al-Musli and Ziyad ibn Abi al-Hallal, who both narrated it from a man, from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said:
**"On the nineteenth night of Ramadan, the decree (taqdeer) is made. On the twenty-first night, the judgment (qada') is finalized. On the twenty-third night, the confirmation (ibram) of what will occur in the year until its corresponding night is sealed.
To Allah, Glorious and Praised, belongs the authority—He does as He wills with His creation."**
99-/11784 _23- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ:عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ،عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ،عَنْ صَفْوَانَ،عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ،عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ ، قَالَ:«مِنْ مُلْكِ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ،قَالَ:وَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ وَ الرُّوحُ فِيهٰا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ أَيْ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّهِمْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ بِكُلِّ أَمْرٍ سَلاَمٍ».
99-/11784 _23-
Muhammad ibn al-Abbas: from Ahmad ibn al-Qasim, from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Muhammad ibn Khalid, from Safwan, from Ibn Muskan, from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic:
"Better than a thousand months" (Quran 97:3)
He (Abu Abdillah) said:
"It is better than the rule of Banu Umayyah."
And regarding the saying of Allah, the Exalted:
"The angels and the Spirit descend in it by the permission of their Lord" (Quran 97:4)
He said:
"That is, from their Lord, upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, with every affair—peace."
_19) -الكافي 4:9/159.
_20) -الكافي 4:10/159.
_21) -الكافي 4:11/160.
_22) -الكافي 4:12/160.
_23) -تأويل الآيات 2:8/820.
[1] في«ط»و المصدر:رأى.
[2] الشعراء 26:205-207.
Page 712 in Arabic
99-/11785 _24- وَ عَنْهُ:عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنُ هَوْذَةَ،عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ،عَنْ أَبِي يَحْيَى الصَّنْعَانِيِّ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: «قَالَ لِي أَبِي مُحَمَّدٌ:قَرَأَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ وَ عِنْدَهُ الْحَسَنُ وَ الْحُسَيْنُ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)فَقَالَ لَهُ الْحُسَيْنُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):يَا أَبَتَاهْ،كَأَنَّ بِهَا مِنْ فِيكَ حَلاَوَةً.فَقَالَ لَهُ:يَا بْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَ ابْنِي،اعْلَمْ أَنِّي أَعْلَمُ فِيهَا مَا لاَ تَعْلَمُ،إِنَّهَا لَمَّا أُنْزِلَتْ بَعَثَ إِلَيَّ جَدُّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فَقَرَأَهَا عَلَيَّ،ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ عَلَى كَتِفِيَ الْأَيْمَنِ،وَ قَالَ:يَا أَخِي وَ وَصِيِّي وَ وَلِيِّي عَلَى أُمَّتِي بَعْدِي،وَ حَرْبَ أَعْدَائِي إِلَى يَوْمِ يُبْعَثُونَ،هَذِهِ السُّورَةُ لَكَ مِنْ بَعْدِي،وَ لِوَلَدَيْكَ [1]مِنْ بَعْدِكَ،إِنَّ جَبْرَئِيلَ أَخِي مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ حَدَّثَ [2]لِي أَحْدَاثَ أُمَّتِي فِي سُنَّتِهَا،وَ إِنَّهُ لَيَحْدُثُ ذَلِكَ إِلَيْكَ كَأَحْدَاثِ النُّبُوَّةِ،وَ لَهَا نُورٌ سَاطِعٌ فِي قَلْبِكَ وَ قُلُوبِ أَوْصِيَائِكَ إِلَى مَطْلَعِ فَجْرِ الْقَائِمِ».
99-/11785 _24-
And from him: from Ahmad ibn Hawdhah, from Ibrahim ibn Ishaq, from Abdullah ibn Hammad, from Abu Yahya al-San’ani, from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said:
I heard him say:
"My father, Muhammad, told me: Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) recited: ‘Surely We revealed it on the Grand Night’ (Quran 97:1), while Hasan and Husayn (peace be upon them) were with him.
So Husayn (peace be upon him) said to him:
‘O my father, it is as if I sense a sweetness in it from your mouth.’
Ali (peace be upon him) replied:
‘O son of the Messenger of Allah, and my son, know that I understand something about it that you do not. When it was revealed, your grandfather, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family), summoned me and recited it to me. Then he placed his hand on my right shoulder and said:
**"O my brother, my successor, and the guardian over my nation after me, the one who will fight my enemies until the Day they are resurrected— this surah belongs to you after me, and to your two sons after you.
Indeed, Jibra'il, my brother among the angels, has informed me of the events that will occur in my nation during its time. And likewise, those events will be made known to you, just as the events of prophethood were made known.
And this surah has a radiant light in your heart and in the hearts of your successors until the dawn rises upon the Qa'im (the awaited one).”’**
99-/11786 _25- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ،عَنِ ابْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)- فِي صَلاَةِ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)فِي السَّمَاءِ،فِي حَدِيثٍ الْإِسْرَاءِ-قَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«ثُمَّ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ:اِقْرَأْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ نِسْبَةَ رَبِّكَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى [قُلْ هُوَ]اللّٰهُ أَحَدٌ* اَللّٰهُ الصَّمَدُ* لَمْ يَلِدْ وَ لَمْ يُولَدْ* وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ كُفُواً أَحَدٌ [3]وَ هَذَا فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الْأُولَى،ثُمَّ أَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ:اِقْرَأْ بِالْحَمْدِ لِلَّهِ،فَقَرَأَهَا مِثْلَ مَا قَرَأَ أَوَّلاً، ثُمَّ أَوْحَى[اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ]إِلَيْهِ:اِقْرَأْ إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فَإِنَّهَا نِسْبَتُكَ وَ نِسْبَةُ أَهْلِ بَيْتِكَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ».
99-/11786 _25-
Muhammad ibn Ya’qub: from Ali ibn Ibrahim, from his father, from Ibn Abi Umair, from Ibn Udhaynah, from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him), regarding the prayer of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) in the heavens, in the narration of the Night Journey (Isra), who said:
"Then Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed to him: ‘Recite, O Muhammad, the description of your Lord, Blessed and Exalted:’
‘Say: He, Allah, is One. Allah is He on Whom all depend. He begets not, nor is He begotten. And none is like Him.’ (Quran 112:1-4)
And this was in the first rak’ah.
Then Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed to him: ‘Recite “All praise is due to Allah” (Surah Al-Fatiha),’ so he recited it just as he had recited before.
Then Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed to him:
‘Recite: “Surely We revealed it on the Grand Night” (Quran 97:1), for it is your description and the description of your family until the Day of Resurrection.’
99-/11787 _26- شَرَفُ الدِّينِ النَّجَفِيُّ،قَالَ:رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جُمْهُورٍ،عَنْ صَفْوَانَ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُسْكَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ هُوَ سُلْطَانُ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ».
وَ قَالَ:«لَيْلَةٌ مِنْ إِمَامٍ عَادِلٍ [4]خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرِ مُلْكِ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ».
وَ قَالَ:« تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ وَ الرُّوحُ فِيهٰا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ مِنْ كُلِّ أَمْرٍ أَيْ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّهِمْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ بِكُلِّ أَمْرٍ سَلاٰمٌ ».
99-/11787 _26-
Sharaf al-Din al-Najafi said: It was narrated from Muhammad ibn Jumhur, from Safwan, from Abdullah ibn Muskan, from Abu Basir, from Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him), who said:
"The saying of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic: 'Better than a thousand months' (Quran 97:3) refers to the rule of Banu Umayyah."
And he said:
"One night under a just Imam is better than a thousand months of the rule of Banu Umayyah."
And he said:
"'The angels and the Spirit descend in it by the permission of their Lord for every affair' (Quran 97:4), meaning: from their Lord, upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, with every affair—peace."**
99-/11788 _27- وَ عَنْهُ أَيْضاً:عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جُمْهُورٍ،عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ،عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،عَنْ حُمْرَانَ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَمَّا يُفْرَقُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ،هَلْ هُوَ مَا يُقَدِّرُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَ تَعَالَى فِيهَا؟قَالَ:«لاَ تُوصَفُ قُدْرَةُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى،إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: فِيهٰا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ [5]فَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ حَكِيماً إِلاَّ مَا فَرَقَ،وَ لاَ تُوصَفُ قُدْرَةُ اللَّهِ سُبْحَانَهُ،لِأَنَّهُ
_24) -تأويل الآيات 2:9/820.
_25) -الكافي 3:1/485.
_26) -تأويل الآيات 2:2/827.
_27) -تأويل الآيات 2:3/818.
[1] في المصدر:و لولدك.
[2] في«ط،ج»:أحدث.
[3] التوحيد 112:1-4.
[4] في المصدر:عدل.
[5] الدخان 44:4.
Page 713 in Arabic
يُحْدِثُ مَا يَشَاءُ.
وَ أَمَّا قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: [لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ]خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ يَعْنِي فَاطِمَةَ(سَلاَمُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا)،وَ قَوْلُهُ: تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ وَ الرُّوحُ فِيهٰا وَ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ يَمْلِكُونَ عِلْمَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)،وَ الرُّوحُ رُوحُ الْقُدُسِ وَ هِيَ [1]فَاطِمَةُ(عَلَيْهَا السَّلاَمُ) مِنْ كُلِّ أَمْرٍ* سَلاٰمٌ يَقُولُ:[مِنْ]كُلِّ أَمْرٍ سَلَّمَهُ [2]حَتّٰى مَطْلَعِ الْفَجْرِ يَعْنِي حَتَّى يَقُومَ الْقَائِمُ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)».
99-/11788 _27-
And from him also: from Muhammad ibn Jumhur, from Musa ibn Bakr, from Zurara, from Humran, who said:
I asked Abu Abdillah (peace be upon him) about what is decreed on the Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr)—is it what Allah, Glorified and Exalted, determines in it?
He (Abu Abdillah) replied:
**"The power of Allah, Exalted is He, cannot be described. However, He has said: 'Therein every wise affair is made distinct.' (Quran 44:4)
So how can it be wise except that it has been distinguished? The power of Allah, Glorified is He, cannot be described, for He creates whatever He wills."**
And regarding His saying, Exalted is He:
'The Grand Night is better than a thousand months' (Quran 97:3),
He (Abu Abdillah) said:
"It refers to Fatimah (peace be upon her)."
And regarding His saying:
'The angels and the Spirit descend in it' (Quran 97:4),
He (Abu Abdillah) said:
"The angels in this context are the believers who possess the knowledge of the family of Muhammad (peace be upon them), and the Spirit is the Holy Spirit, and that is Fatimah (peace be upon her)."
And regarding His saying:
'For every affair—peace!' (Quran 97:5),
He (Abu Abdillah) said:
"That is, for every affair, He has granted peace, until the break of dawn—meaning, until the rise of the Qa’im (peace be upon him)."
99-/11789 _28- وَ عَنِ الشَّيْخِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الطُّوسِيِّ،عَنْ رِجَالِهِ:عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَجْلاَنَ السَّكُونِيِّ،قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)يَقُولُ: «بَيْتُ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ[مِنْ]حُجْرَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،وَ سَقْفُ بَيْتِهِمْ عَرْشُ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، وَ فِي قَعْرِ بُيُوتِهِمْ فُرْجَةٌ مَكْشُوطَةٌ إِلَى الْعَرْشِ مِعْرَاجُ الْوَحْيِ وَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ،تَنَزَّلُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالْوَحْيِ صَبَاحاً وَ مَسَاءً،وَ كُلَّ سَاعَةٍ وَ طَرْفَةِ عَيْنٍ،وَ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ لاَ يَنْقَطِعُ فَوْجُهُمْ،فَوْجٌ يَنْزِلُ وَ فَوْجٌ يَصْعَدُ،وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى كَشَفَ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنِ السَّمَاوَاتِ حَتَّى أَبْصَرَ الْعَرْشَ،وَ زَادَ اللَّهُ فِي قُوَّةِ نَاظَرِهِ،وَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ زَادَ فِي قُوَّةِ نَاظِرٍ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ عَلِيٍّ وَ فَاطِمَةَ وَ الْحَسَنِ وَ الْحُسَيْنِ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ)،وَ كَانُوا يُبْصِرُونَ الْعَرْشَ،وَ لاَ يَجِدُونَ لِبُيُوتِهِمْ سَقْفاً غَيْرَ الْعَرْشِ،فَبُيُوتُهُمْ مُسَقَّفَةٌ بِعَرْشِ الرَّحْمَنِ،وَ مَعَارِجِ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ،وَ الرُّوحِ فَوْجٍ بَعْدَ فَوْجٍ،لاَ انْقِطَاعَ لَهُمْ،وَ مَا مِنْ بَيْتٍ مِنْ بُيُوتِ الْأَئِمَّةِ مِنَّا إِلاَّ وَ فِيهِ مِعْرَاجُ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ،لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ وَ الرُّوحُ فِيهٰا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ مِنْ كُلِّ أَمْرٍ* سَلاٰمٌ ».
قَالَ:قُلْتُ: مِنْ كُلِّ أَمْرٍ ؟قَالَ:«بِكُلِّ أَمْرٍ»فَقُلْتُ:هَذَا التَّنْزِيلُ؟قَالَ:«نَعَمْ».
99-/11789 _28-
And from Shaykh Abu Ja'far al-Tusi, from his men, from Abdullah ibn Ajlan al-Sakuni, who said:
I heard Abu Ja'far (peace be upon him) say:
**"The house of Ali and Fatimah (peace be upon them) is from the chamber of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family), and the roof of their house is the Throne of the Lord of the Worlds. In the depths of their houses, there is an opening exposed to the Throne—a place of ascent for revelation and the angels, who descend upon them with revelation morning and evening, at every moment and every blink of an eye.
The angels never cease their coming—one group descends while another ascends.
Indeed, Allah, Blessed and Exalted, unveiled the heavens to Ibrahim (peace be upon him) until he saw the Throne, and He increased the strength of his vision. Likewise, Allah increased the strength of the vision of Muhammad, Ali, Fatimah, Hasan, and Husayn (peace be upon them), so they could see the Throne, and they found no ceiling over their houses except the Throne.
Thus, their houses are roofed with the Throne of the Most Merciful, and they are the places of ascent for the angels and the Spirit, descending group after group without interruption.
And there is no house among the houses of the Imams from us except that it contains the ascent of the angels, as Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says:
'The angels and the Spirit descend in it by the permission of their Lord for every affair—peace.' (Quran 97:4-5)"
I asked: "'For every affair'?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "'With every affair.'"
I asked: "Is this the meaning of the revelation?"
He (Abu Ja'far) replied: "Yes."
99-/11790 _29- وَ عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ(رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ)،قَالَ: قُلْتُ:يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ،لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ،شَيْءٌ يَكُونُ عَلَى عَهْدِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ يَنْزِلُ عَلَيْهِمْ فِيهَا الْأَمْرُ،فَإِذَا مَضَوْا رُفِعَتْ؟قَالَ:«لاَ،بَلْ هِيَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ».
99-/11790 _29-
And from Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
I asked: "O Messenger of Allah, is the Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr) something that occurs only during the time of the prophets, when the command is sent down upon them, and then when they pass away, it is lifted?"
He (the Prophet, peace be upon him and his family) replied:
"No, rather, it continues until the Day of Resurrection."
99-/11791 _30- وَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ،عَنِ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «إِذَا كَانَ لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ الَّذِينَ هُمْ سُكَّانُ سِدْرَةِ الْمُنْتَهَى،وَ فِيهِمْ جَبْرَئِيلُ،وَ مَعَهُمْ أَلْوِيَةٌ،فَيُنْصَبُ لِوَاءٌ مِنْهَا عَلَى قَبْرِي،وَ لِوَاءٌ مِنْهَا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ، وَ لِوَاءٌ عَلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ،وَ لِوَاءٌ عَلَى طُورِ سَيْنَاءَ،وَ لاَ يَدَعُ مُؤْمِناً وَ لاَ مُؤْمِنَةً إِلاَّ وَ يُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِ،إِلاَّ مُدْمِنَ الْخَمْرِ،وَ آكِلَ لَحْمِ الْخِنْزِيرِ الْمُنْضَجِ [3]بِالزَّعْفَرَانِ».وَ وَرَدَ:أَنَّهَا اللَّيْلَةُ الْمُبَارَكَةُ الَّتِي يُفْرَقُ فِيهَا كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ.
99-/11791 _30-
And from Ibn Abbas, from the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family), who said:
**"On the Grand Night (Laylat al-Qadr), the angels who reside at the Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary (Sidrat al-Muntaha) descend, and among them is Jibra'il. They carry banners, and a banner is placed over my grave, a banner in the Sacred Mosque (Masjid al-Haram), a banner over Bayt al-Maqdis (Jerusalem), and a banner over Mount Sinai.
They do not leave a believing man or woman except that they send peace upon them—except for one who is addicted to alcohol and one who eats pork cooked with saffron."**
And it has been reported that it is "the blessed night in which every wise affair is made distinct." (Quran 44:4)
99-/11792 _31- وَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ الْمُخَالِفِينَ:مَا رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ فِي(صَحِيحِهِ)،قَالَ: قَامَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى الْحَسَنِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)
_28) -تأويل الآيات 2:4/818.
_29) -تأويل الآيات 2:5/819.
_30) -تأويل الآيات 2:1/816،مجمع البيان 10:789.
_31) -سنن الترمذي 5:3350/444.
[1] في المصدر:القدس و هو في.
[2] في المصدر:أمر مسلّمة.
[3] في المصدر:المضمخ،و في المجمع:و المتضمخ.
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بَعْدَ مَا بَايَعَ[مُعَاوِيَةَ]،فَقَالَ:سَوَّدْتَ وُجُوهَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ [1].فَقَالَ:«لاَ تُؤْذِينِي [2]رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ،فَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) أُرِيَ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ عَلَى مِنْبَرِهِ،فَسَاءَهُ ذَلِكَ،فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ إِنّٰا أَعْطَيْنٰاكَ الْكَوْثَرَ [3]،وَ الْكَوْثَرُ نَهَرٌ [4]فِي الْجَنَّةِ، وَ نَزَلَتْ إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ* وَ مٰا أَدْرٰاكَ مٰا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ* لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ يَمْلِكُهَا بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ، يَا مُحَمَّدُ».
قَالَ الْقَاسِمُ [5]:فَعَدَدْنَاهَا فَإِذَا هِيَ أَلْفُ شَهْرٍ لاَ تَنْقُصُ يَوْماً وَ لاَ تَزِيدُ [6].
99-/11792 _31-
And from the path of the opponents: What was narrated by al-Tirmidhi in his Sahih, who said:
A man stood up before Hasan (peace be upon him) after he had pledged allegiance to [Mu'awiyah] and said:
"You have blackened the faces of the believers."
Hasan (peace be upon him) replied:
**"Do not harm me, may Allah have mercy on you. The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) was shown Banu Umayyah on his pulpit, and it distressed him.
Then Allah revealed to him: 'Surely We have given you Kawthar' (Quran 108:1), and Kawthar is a river in Paradise.
And He revealed: 'Surely We revealed it on the Grand Night. And what will make you comprehend what the Grand Night is? The Grand Night is better than a thousand months.' (Quran 97:1-3)
O Muhammad! It is better than the thousand months during which Banu Umayyah will rule."**
Al-Qasim [5] said:
"We counted them, and it was exactly a thousand months—neither a day more nor a day less."
/11793 _32-علي بن إبراهيم،في معنى السورة: إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ فهو القرآن أنزل إلى البيت المعمور في ليلة القدر جملة واحدة،و على رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)في طول[ثلاث و]عشرين سنة وَ مٰا أَدْرٰاكَ مٰا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ و معنى ليلة القدر أن اللّه تعالى يقدر فيها الآجال و الأرزاق و كل أمر يحدث من موت أو حياة أو خصب أو جدب أو خير أو شر،كما قال اللّه: فِيهٰا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ [7]إلى سنة.
قوله: تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلاٰئِكَةُ وَ الرُّوحُ فِيهٰا قال:تنزل الملائكة و روح القدس على إمام الزمان،و يدفعون إليه ما قد كتبوه من هذه الأمور.
قوله: لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ ،قال:رأى رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله)في نومه كأنّ قردة يصعدون منبره فغمه ذلك،فأنزل اللّه: إِنّٰا أَنْزَلْنٰاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ* وَ مٰا أَدْرٰاكَ مٰا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ* لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ تملكه بنو أميّة ليس فيها ليلة القدر.
قوله: مِنْ كُلِّ أَمْرٍ* سَلاٰمٌ قال:تحية يحيى بها الامام إلى أن يطلع الفجر.
و
قِيلَ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):تَعْرِفُونَ لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ؟فَقَالَ:«وَ كَيْفَ لاَ نَعْرِفُ[لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ]وَ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ تَطُوفُ بِنَا فِيهَا!».
99-/11793 _32-
Ali ibn Ibrahim, regarding the meaning of the surah:
'Surely We revealed it on the Grand Night' (Quran 97:1)
He said: "It refers to the Quran, which was sent down in its entirety to the Inhabited House (al-Bayt al-Ma’mur) on the Grand Night, and then it was gradually revealed to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) over twenty-three years."
'And what will make you comprehend what the Grand Night is?' (Quran 97:2)
He said: "The meaning of the Grand Night is that Allah, Exalted is He, decrees in it the lifespans, provisions, and all matters that will occur—whether death or life, prosperity or drought, good or evil—as Allah says:
'Therein every wise affair is made distinct.' (Quran 44:4)
He continued:
'The angels and the Spirit descend in it' (Quran 97:4),
He said: "The angels and the Holy Spirit descend upon the Imam of the time and deliver to him what they have recorded regarding these decrees."
'The Grand Night is better than a thousand months' (Quran 97:3),
He said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) saw in his dream monkeys ascending his pulpit, and it distressed him. Then Allah revealed:
'Surely We revealed it on the Grand Night. And what will make you comprehend what the Grand Night is? The Grand Night is better than a thousand months.' (Quran 97:1-3)
It refers to the thousand months during which Banu Umayyah ruled, in which there was no Grand Night."**
'For every affair—peace' (Quran 97:5),
He said: "It is the greeting by which the Imam is honored until the break of dawn."
And it was said to Abu Ja’far (peace be upon him):
"Do you recognize the Grand Night?"
He (peace be upon him) replied:
"How could we not recognize the Grand Night when the angels circle around us in it!"
_32) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:431.
[1] زاد في المصدر:أو يا مسوّد وجوه المؤمنين.
[2] في المصدر:لا تؤنبني.
[3] الكوثر 108:1.
[4] في المصدر:يا محمّد يعني نهرا.
[5] و هو القاسم بن الفضل الحداني،الذي في سند الحديث.
[6] في المصدر:ألف يوم لا يزيد يوم و لا ينقص.
[7] الدخان 44:4.
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