79. Warning to Preachers and Speakers
79. ﻫﺸﺪار ﺑﻪ وﻋّﺎظ و ﺧﻄﺒﺎء
(1 ﻣﺮﺣﻮم آﯾﻪ اﻟﻠّﻪ ﺳﯿﺪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﮐﺎﻇﻢ ﻗﺰوﯾﻨﯽ 1348) - 1415 ﻗﻤﺮي( ﻧﻘـﻞ ﻣﯽ ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ در ﮐﺮﺑﻼ واﻋﻆ ﻣﻌﺮوﻓﯽ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ روﺿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺧﻮاﻧﺪ و ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ ﮔﺮﻣﯽ داﺷﺖ.
ﺧﺪاوﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ او ﻓﺮزﻧﺪي داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺑﺎﻫﻮش ﺑﻮد، ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪرﺳﻪ رﻓﺖ، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه را ﺗﻤﺎم ﮐﺮد و ﭘﺰﺷﮏ ﺷﺪ. روزي در ﮐﺮﺑﻼ ﻣﻄﺒّﯽ ﺑﺎز ﮐﺮد و ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان اﻓﺘﺘﺎح ﻣﻄﺐّ ﺟﺸﻦ ﻣﻔﺼّﻠﯽ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ.
دوﺳﺘﺎن ﭘﺪر و ﭘﺴﺮ ﻣﯽ آﻣﺪﻧﺪ، ﮔُﻞ ﻣﯽ آوردﻧﺪ و ﺗﺒﺮﯾﮏ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻔﺘﻨﺪ و ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﺷﻌﺮا ﻧﯿﺰ اﺷﻌﺎري ﺳﺮوده ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ و ﻣﯽ ﺧﻮاﻧﺪﻧﺪ. ﭘﺪر دﮐﺘﺮ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﺤﺘﺮﻣﯽ ﺑﻮد، ﯾﮏ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اي ﮔﻔﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺑﺮآﺷﻔﺘﻨﺪ، او ﺑﺎ وﻗﺎﺣﺖ ﺗﻤﺎم ﮔﻔﺖ:
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-1 .1 ﺑﺼﯿﺮي، ﮐﺮاﻣﺎت و ﺣﮑﺎﯾﺎت ﭘﻨﺪآﻣﻮز، ص .47 -2 .2 ﻫﻤﺎن، ص .48
اﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﻟﻠّﻪ ﺑﻨﺪه زاده دﮐﺘﺮ ﺷﺪ و دﯾﮕﺮ از ﭘﻮل ﮔﺪاﯾﯽ رﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﯿﻢ!!
ﻫﻨﻮز ﻃﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺎﻫﻨﺠﺎر ﺳـﺨﻨﺎن زﺷـﺘﺶ در ﮔﻮش ﺣﺎﺿـﺮان ﺳـﻨﮕﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﯽ ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ ﯾﮏ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪ ﭘﺴﺮش دل درد ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و اﻓﺘﺎد، ﭘﯿﺶ از آﻧﮑﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﺮﺳﺪ، ﺟﺎن ﺳﭙﺮد و ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ي ﺟﺸﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ ﻋﺰا ﻣﺒﺪّل ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ.
ﺑﺎﯾـﺪ ﻫﻤﻪ ي واﻋﻈﺎن، ﺧﻄﯿﺒﺎن، ذاﮐﺮان و ﻣـﺪّاﺣﺎن ﺑﺪاﻧﻨـﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﻮﮐﺮي درِ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ي اﻣﺎم ﺣﺴـﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ اﻟﺴـﻼم ﺑﺮ ﺗﺎج و ﺗﺨﺖ ﻫﻤﻪ ي ﺳﻼﻃﯿﻦ ﺟﻬﺎن ﺑﺮﺗﺮي دارد.
79. Warning to Preachers and Speakers
1. The late Āyatullāh Sayyid Muḥammad Kāẓim Qazwīnī (1348–1415 AH) narrates:
In Karbala, there was a well-known preacher who used to recite rūḍah (elegy) and held lively mourning gatherings.
Allah granted him a very intelligent son. The boy went to school, completed university, and became a doctor.
One day in Karbala, he opened a clinic and, on the occasion of its inauguration, organized a grand celebration.
Many friends and acquaintances of the father and son came — some bringing flowers, others offering congratulations, and a few poets recited their verses in joy.
The doctor’s father, though known to be a respectable person, suddenly uttered a sentence that shocked everyone.
He said, with full audacity:
"Al-ḥamdu lillāh, my son has become a doctor — we are now free from earning through beggary!"
The disrespectful tone of that statement — referring indirectly to his years of service in mourning gatherings for Imām Ḥusain (a.s.) as "begging" — caused a stir among all those present.
Suddenly, his son was struck by a severe abdominal pain, collapsed, and before reaching the hospital, he passed away.
The celebration quickly turned into a funeral gathering.
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Lesson:
All preachers (wāʿiẓūn), orators (khuṭabāʾ), reciters (dhākirūn), and eulogists (maddāḥūn) must understand that:
Being a servant at the door of Imām Ḥusain (ʿa) is more honorable than the crowns and thrones of all the kings of the world.
(2 در ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ واﻋﻆ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻧﯿﺮوﻣﻨﺪي ﺑﻮد ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎم ﺣﺎج ﻣﻼّ ﻋﺰﯾﺰ، ﮐﻪ ﻣﺎ ﭘﺴﺮش ﻣﺮﺣﻮم ﺣﺎج ﻣﻼﻋﻠﯽ اﮐﺒﺮ را درك ﮐﺮدﯾﻢ.
ﺻـﺪﯾﻖ ارﺟﻤﻨـﺪ ﻣﺮﺣﻮم ﺣـﺎج ﻣﯿﺮزا ﻣﺤﻤﻮد وﺣـﺪت، از وﻋّـﺎظ ﻣﺤﺘﺮم آذري ﻣﻘﯿﻢ ﺗﻬﺮان ﻧﻘـﻞ ﻣﯽ ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻮم ﺣﺎج ﻣﻼّﻋﺰﯾﺰ روزﻫﺎي ﭼﻬﺎرﺷـﻨﺒﻪ در ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ي ﭘﯿﺮزﻧﯽ روﺿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺧﻮاﻧﺪ، ﮐﻪ در ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ي دوردﺳﺘﯽ ﺑﻮد و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮐﻤﯽ از ﭘﯿﺮزﻧﺎن در آن ﺷـﺮﮐﺖ ﻣﯽ ﮐﺮدﻧـﺪ. آﺧﺮﯾﻦ روز ﭼﻬﺎرﺷـﻨﺒﻪ ي ﻣﺎه ذي ﺣﺠﻪ اﻟﺤﺮام ﺣﺎج ﻣﻼﻋﺰﯾﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﮔﻔﺖ: ﻣﻨﺰل ﺷـﻤﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻦ ﺑﺴـﯿﺎر دور اﺳﺖ و ﺟﻤﻌﯿّﺘﯽ ﻫﻢ ﻧﺪارﯾـﺪ، ﻣﺎه ﻣﺤﺮم ﻓﺮا ﻣﯽ رﺳـﺪ، ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ زﯾﺎدي را ﺑﺮاي روﺿﻪ ي ﻣﻨﺰل ﺷـﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ از دﺳﺖ ﺑﺪﻫﻢ، از اﯾﻦ رو از ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ي آﯾﻨﺪه ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺬور ﻫﺴﺘﻢ.
ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﺎً ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﮐﻪ ﺷـﺨﺺ ﻓﻘﯿﺮي ﺑﻮد، آن ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﭘﻮل ﻧـﺪاﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﺸﺎن ﺗﻘـﺪﯾﻢ ﮐﻨـﺪ و ﻟـﺬا ﯾﮏ ﺟﻠﯿﻘﻪ ي زﻧﺎﻧﻪ ﮐﻪ »ﯾَﻞ« ﻧﺎﻣﯿﺪه ﻣﯽ ﺷﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎي ﭘﻮل ﺑﻪ اﯾﺸﺎن ﺗﻘﺪﯾﻢ ﮐﺮد و اﯾﺸﺎن ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ.
ﻣﺮﺣﻮم ﺣﺎج ﻣﻼّ ﻋﺰﯾﺰ ﻧﻮﮐﺮي داﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ روزﻫﺎ ﻫﻤﺮاه اﯾﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ آﻣﺪ، دمِ درِ ﻣﺴﺎﺟﺪ و ﺣﺴـﯿﻨﯿّﻪ ﻫﺎ اﺳﺐ اﯾﺸﺎن را ﻧﮕﻪ ﻣﯽ داﺷـﺖ و ﺷﺐ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﯾﺸﺎن ﻓﺎﻧﻮس ﻣﯽ ﮐﺸﯿﺪ.
ﺷﺐ اول ﻣﺤﺮم ﻓﺮا رﺳﯿﺪ، از ﻫﯿﭻ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ و ﺣﺴﯿﻨﯿّﻪ اي ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮاغ اﯾﺸﺎن ﻧﯿﺎﻣﺪﻧﺪ.
ﻧﻮﮐﺮ آﻣـﺪ ﮐﻪ اﻣﺸﺐ ﻣﺠـﺎﻟﺲ را از ﮐﺠـﺎ ﺷـﺮوع ﮐﻨﯿﻢ، ﮔﻔﺖ: اﻣﺸﺐ ﺣـﺎل ﻧـﺪارم، از ﻓﺮدا ﺷﺐ ﺷـﺮوع ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﯿﻢ، ﺗﺎ ﺷﺐ دوم ﻧﯿﺰ ﮐﺴﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮاغ اﯾﺸﺎن ﻧﯿﺎﻣﺪ.
او ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻔﻆ آﺑﺮوي ﺧﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻧﮕﻮﯾﻨﺪ ﻫﯿﭻ دﻋﻮﺗﯽ ﻧﺪارد، از ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﯿﺮون رﻓﺖ،
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ﺑﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ از روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ رﻓﺖ و ﮔﻔﺖ: ﻣﻦ اﻣﺴﺎل آﻣﺪم دﻫﻪ ي ﻋﺎﺷﻮرا ﺑﺮاي ﺷﻤﺎ روﺿﻪ ﺑﺨﻮاﻧﻢ.
اﻫﻞ روﺳـﺘﺎ ﮐﻪ او را ﻣﯽ ﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺘﻨﺪ و ﻣﯽ داﻧﺴـﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺮدم در ﺷـﻬﺮ ﺑﺮاي او دﺳﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺷـﮑﻨﻨﺪ، ﺑﺴـﯿﺎر ﺧﻮﺷﺤﺎل ﺷﺪﻧﺪ، ﻣﺴﺠﺪ را ﻣﻬﯿّﺎ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ و اﯾﺸﺎن ﺷﺐ دوم ﻣﺤﺮم را در آﻧﺠﺎ ﻣﻨﺒﺮ رﻓﺖ. در ﻣﻨﺰل ﮐﺪﺧﺪا ﺑﺮاي اﯾﺸﺎن ﻣﺤﻞّ اﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ دادﻧﺪ.
در ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﺷﺐ اﺣﺘﯿﺎج ﺑﻪ دﺳـﺘﺸﻮﯾﯽ ﭘﯿـﺪا ﮐﺮد، از اﻃﺎق ﺑﯿﺮون آﻣـﺪ، آﻓﺘﺎﺑﻪ را ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ، ﯾﮏ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻪ ﺳﮓ ﺑﻪ او ﺣﻤﻠﻪ ﮐﺮد، ﻫﺮ ﭼﻪ ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ آﻓﺘﺎﺑﻪ از ﺧﻮد دﻓﺎع ﮐﻨﺪ، اﻣﮑﺎن ﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﻧﺸﺪ.
در ﺗﺎرﯾﮑﯽ ﺷﺐ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮداﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻏﻠّﻪ در دﻫﺎت ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﺑﻮد، اﻓﺘﺎد.
ﻋﺮوس ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺻـﺪاي ﺳﮓ ﺑﯿﺪار ﺷﺪ، ﺑﺎ ﻟﺒﺎس ﺧﻮاب ﺑﻪ ﺣﯿﺎط آﻣﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺳﮓ را از ﻣﻬﻤﺎن دﻓﻊ ﮐﻨﺪ، دﯾﺪ ﻣﻬﻤﺎن ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮدال اﻓﺘﺎده اﺳﺖ.
دﺳﺘﺶ را از روي ﭼﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮف ﻣﻬﻤﺎن دراز ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ او را از ﮔﻮدال ﺑﯿﺮون آورد، زورش ﻧﺮﺳﯿﺪ و ﺧﻮد ﻧﯿﺰ در ﮔﻮدال اﻓﺘﺎد.
ﮐﺪﺧـﺪا ﺑﯿـﺪار ﺷﺪ، از اﻃﺎق ﺑﯿﺮون آﻣﺪ و دﯾﺪ ﻣﻬﻤﺎن و ﻋﺮوس ﺧﺎﻧﻪ در ﮔﻮدال اﻓﺘﺎده اﻧﺪ، ﺑﺪون اﯾﻨﮑﻪ در ﻣﻮرد ﻣﺎﺟﺮا ﭘﺮس و ﺟﻮ ﮐﻨﺪ، ﻣﻬﻤﺎن را از ﮔﻮدال ﺑﯿﺮون
آورد و ﮔﻔﺖ: ﻫﻤﯿﻦ اﻵن ﻟﺒﺎس ﻫﺎﯾﺖ را ﺑﭙﻮش و از دِه ﺧﺎرج ﺷﻮ.
ﻣﺮﺣـﻮم ﻣﻼّـ ﻋﺰﯾﺰ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳـﻮي ﺷـﻬﺮ ﺑﺮﻣﯽ ﮔﺸﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺟّﻪ ﺷـﺪ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﭼﻮب از ﮐﺠـﺎ ﺑﻪ او رﺳـﯿﺪه اﺳﺖ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺰل رﻓﺘﻪ، آن ﯾَـﻞ را ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ، ﺑﻪ ﺧـﺎﻧﻪ ي ﭘﯿﺮزن رﻓﺖ، ﯾَﻞ را ﺑﻪ او ﭘﺲ داد و ﮔﻔﺖ: ﻣﺮا ﺣﻼل ﮐﻦ، ﻣﻦ اﺷـﺘﺒﺎه ﮐﺮدم، ﺗﺎ زﻧـﺪه ﻫﺴـﺘﻢ ﻫﺮﮔﺰ روﺿﻪ ي ﺷﻤﺎ را ﺗﻌﻄﯿﻞ ﻧﺨﻮاﻫﻢ ﮐﺮد.
وﻗﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺰل ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ، ﺳـﯿﻞ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﻨﻨـﺪه ﻫﺎ از ﻣﺴﺎﺟـﺪ و ﺗﮑﺎﯾﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﯾﺶ روان ﺷﺪﻧـﺪ ﮐﻪ ﭼﺮا اﯾﻦ دو ﺷﺐ ﻧﯿﺎﻣﺪﯾـﺪ؟ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﺑﻮدﯾﻢ، او ﻃﺒﻖ روال ﻫﻤﻪ ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺟﺪ و ﺣﺴﯿﻨﯿﻪ ﻫﺎ رﻓﺖ و ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺲ را اداره ﮐﺮد و ﺗﺄدﯾﺐ ﺷﺪ.
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2) In Tabriz, there was a very powerful preacher named Ḥājj Mullā ʿAzīz, whose son, the late Ḥājj Mullā ʿAlī Akbar, we were acquainted with.
The esteemed friend of the late Ḥājj Mīrzā Maḥmūd Waḥdat, himself a respected preacher from Azerbaijan residing in Tehran, used to relate that the late Ḥājj Mullā ʿAzīz used to recite mourning gatherings (majlis) on Wednesdays in the house of an elderly woman in a far-off area, attended by only a few old women.
On the last Wednesday of the month of Dhū al-Ḥijjah, Ḥājj Mullā ʿAzīz told the woman of the house: "Your home is very far for me, and you have very few attendees. Muḥarram is approaching, and I will miss many other gatherings to come here. Therefore, I will excuse myself from next week."
Coincidentally, the woman of the house, who was poor, did not have any money that week to offer him, so instead she presented him with a woman’s vest called "yal" in place of payment, and he accepted it.
Ḥājj Mullā ʿAzīz had a servant who accompanied him during the day, held his horse at the doors of mosques and ḥusainiyyahs, and at night carried a lantern for him.
The first night of Muḥarram arrived, and no mosque or ḥusainiyyah called upon him.
The servant came and asked from where they should begin the majlis tonight. He replied: "Tonight I don’t feel well. We’ll begin from tomorrow night." But by the second night, still no one had approached him.
To preserve his dignity so that people wouldn’t say no one invites him anymore, he left the city.
He went to one of the villages and said, “This year I’ve come to recite the majlis for you during the days of ʿĀshūrā.”
The villagers, who knew him and were aware that people in the city highly respected him, became very happy. They prepared the mosque, and he gave the sermon on the second night of Muḥarram. At the house of the village head, a place of stay was arranged for him.
In the middle of the night, he needed to go to the toilet. He came out of the room, took the water jug (āftābah), and suddenly a dog attacked him. Whatever he tried to defend himself with the jug, it was of no use.
In the dark of night, he fell into a pit which was commonly used in villages for storing grain.
The bride of the house woke up upon hearing the dog’s barking, and came out into the courtyard in her sleepwear to drive the dog away from the guest. She saw the guest had fallen into the pit.
She extended her hand from under her chādor to help him out of the pit, but was not strong enough and herself fell into the pit.
The head of the house woke up, came out of the room, and saw the guest and the bride in the pit. Without asking any questions about what had happened, he pulled the guest out and said, "Right now, get dressed and leave the village."
Ḥājj Mullā ʿAzīz, as he returned to the city, began to reflect on how this misfortune had come upon him. He went to his house, took the yal, went back to the old woman’s home, returned it to her and said, "Forgive me. I made a mistake. As long as I am alive, I will never stop your majlis."
When he returned home, a stream of invitations from mosques and takāyā poured in, asking why he hadn’t come the past two nights. “We were all waiting.” He resumed his regular duties in the mosques and ḥusainiyyahs and conducted the gatherings, having been spiritually disciplined.